RU169884U1 - Filter cartridge for drinking water with improved consumer properties - Google Patents

Abstract

The filter cartridge is designed to produce purified drinking water with improved consumer properties and can be used as part of a household filter jug type for the purification of tap water. The filter cartridge allows you to get water with an alkaline pH value of purified water 8 ÷ 9 units. and the negative value of the redox potential (ORP), as well as additionally enrich the water with calcium and magnesium ions. A filter cartridge for producing drinking water with improved consumer properties is proposed, consisting of serially connected: a purified water supply unit including a casing with radial slots and equipped with fastening means in the filter, made in the form of a cylindrical casing with a thread on the outer surface; a filtration unit made in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the bases of which grids are installed, and filled with a mixture of granular adsorbing and mineralizing components and a layer of non-woven ion-exchange filter cloth adjacent from the inside to the mesh in the lower part of the filtration unit; node output purified water, made in the form of a funnel with an obtuse angle and a hole in the middle; wherein the filtration unit contains a mixture of granular calcium-containing and magnesium-containing components and granular adsorbent components. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the mixture of calcium-containing and magnesium-containing components provides a shift in the redox potential of the purified water to -150 mV and an increase in pH to 8.0 ÷ 9.0 units. regardless of the characteristics of the source water. Also in the mixture of granular adsorbent components using native activated carbons, exhibiting alkaline properties in contact with water. 9 s.p. f-ly, 1 ill., 2 ave.

Description

The filter cartridge is designed to produce purified drinking water with improved consumer properties and can be used as part of a household filter jug type for the purification of tap water. The filter cartridge allows you to get water with an alkaline pH value of purified water 8 ÷ 9 units. and the negative value of the redox potential (ORP), as well as additionally enrich the water with calcium and magnesium ions.

There are a number of studies by physiologists confirming that water with an alkaline pH and negative AFP has antioxidant activity. This is due to the fact that water with such characteristics is closer in its properties to the internal environment of the body. If the drinking water entering the body has an ORP close to the value of the ORP of the internal environment of the human body, then the energy of the cell membranes is not spent on the correction of the ORP of the water entering the body, as a result, water with such properties and macro- and microelements contained in it are absorbed by the body faster . Based on this, the final goal of the utility model is to obtain drinking water with a physiologically balanced level of pH and ORP.

There are many solutions to achieve the required characteristics.

A device for producing a liquid medium with a negative redox potential by saturating it with hydrogen [RU 71332], which is under pressure, contains a container for connecting a liquid medium with hydrogen, a hydrogen source, means for supplying gaseous hydrogen and a liquid medium to connect them characterized in that as the source of hydrogen use hydrogen gas in a gas cylinder, a cavitation ejector-mixer is used as a container for the connection, while amount of hydrogen introduced into the liquid medium is from 1 to 1.79 liter per 100 liters of the liquid medium.

One of the disadvantages of this device is the lack of a module for preliminary water purification from harmful impurities, which, along with the low ORP of the resulting water, can lead to a high amount of these impurities in the human body.

A known method of producing drinking water [RU 2527788], characterized in that it includes the intake of water from a natural source, purification from solid impurities and processing by passing water through an apparatus, which is a device having an external and internal cylinder, water is passed through the central cavity of the device from the feed pipe with the possibility of twisting by counter flows in a spiral at a speed of 0.2 ÷ 3.0 m / s and magnetization, processing in the apparatus is carried out at a temperature of 5 ÷ 25 ° C, then flow magnetic processing is carried out in the apparatus, which is a magnetic pipe with a diameter of 5 ÷ 20 cm, through which water flows at a speed of 0.2 ÷ 3.0 m / s. In this case, the energy saturation of natural water is 40 kJ / mol, and the resulting water is 270 kJ / mol, the indicators of the obtained water are: redox potential 0 ÷ 60 mV and water pH 6.5 ÷ 8.5.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of preliminary water purification from chemical impurities, only purification from mechanical impurities is claimed.

A known method of preparing ultra-fresh water for drinking and household purposes [RU 2483031], in which the source water is demineralized and divided into two parts. MgSO ₄ is introduced into the first part in an amount ensuring the content of Mg ²⁺ cations = 20–25 mg / L and SO ₄ ^2– = 80–100 mg / L anions, and is subjected to electroactivation. The electroactivated water thus obtained with a redox potential of 5 mV to 500 mV is mixed with the second part of demineralized water at a ratio of (5 ÷ 30) / (70 ÷ 95), respectively, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 ÷ 6.9, and the resulting water the solution is mineralized by introducing MgSO ₄ , ZnSO ₄ , Li ₂ SO ₄ , Cr ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ and KCl in an amount providing the following ionic composition, mg / l: K ⁺ = 16 ÷ 20; Mg ²⁺ = 18 ÷ 24; Zn ²⁺ = 1.6 ÷ 1.99; Li ²⁺ = 0.06 ÷ 0.16; Cr ³⁺ = 0.01 ÷ 0.08; Cr ⁺ = 15 ÷ 18; SO ₄ ² = 75 ÷ 100.

The disadvantages of this method are the lack of preliminary water purification, a rather laborious procedure for its preparation and the requirement for a power source, as a result, the cost of electricity. Moreover, the resulting water has a near-neutral pH value.

Also known is a method of reducing the redox potential of water [RU 2351546], which includes passing water through an electrode chamber containing anodes and cathodes connected to a constant voltage source and without dividing semipermeable membranes or diaphragms. The process is carried out for 10 ÷ 600 s with an electric field in the interelectrode space in the range 1.5 ÷ 24 V / cm. Technical effect: reduction of changes in the chemical composition of water and energy costs while reducing the redox potential of water, increasing the speed of water treatment and ensuring associated water purification from impurities.

The disadvantages of this method is the requirement of a power source and, as a consequence, the cost of electricity.

A device for increasing biological activity and water purification [RU 80840], comprising a housing, electrodes connected to a voltage source, characterized in that the housing of the device has a filler in the form of polarizable dispersed particles, in the upper cover of the housing there are two channels with holes for supplying the original water and release. The utility model is aimed at providing the possibility of more efficient treatment of household and drinking water in order to improve its consumer characteristics while addressing a range of issues related to lowering the redox potential, purification and saturation of water with hydrogen and oxygen under continuous water supply and normal pH values.

The disadvantages of this method is the requirement of a power source and, as a consequence, the cost of electricity.

A device for the purification of drinking water [RU 79550] is known, which contains a mechanical filter, an ion-exchange stage and a sorption stage at the outlet, and a redox potential corrector in the form of a diaphragmless electrolyzer connected to a direct current source is installed in front of the mechanical filter. In addition, if it is necessary to further reduce the redox potential of drinking water, another electrolyzer is installed before the sorption stage.

The disadvantages of this method is the requirement of a power source and, as a consequence, the cost of electricity.

In addition to the disadvantages listed above, all these solutions are structurally complex, expensive and have limited applicability due to the need to connect them to an electric power source.

The technical task of the proposed solution is the purification of drinking water and improving its consumer properties (enrichment with calcium and magnesium ions, reducing ORP to negative values, increasing the pH of purified water to 9.0 units) while maintaining the relative simplicity of the design.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a filter cartridge for producing drinking water with improved consumer properties is proposed, consisting of serially connected: a unit for supplying purified water, including a shell with radial slots and equipped with fastening means in the filter, made in the form of a cylindrical shell with a thread on the outer surface ; a filtration unit made in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the bases of which grids are installed, and filled with a mixture of granular adsorbing and mineralizing components and a layer of non-woven ion-exchange filter cloth adjacent from the inside to the mesh in the lower part of the filtration unit; node output purified water, made in the form of a funnel with an obtuse angle and a hole in the middle; wherein the filtration unit contains a mixture of granular calcium-containing and magnesium-containing components and granular adsorbing components in the following content of the mixture components, vol. %:

silver activated carbon 2 ÷ 5 Activated carbon 55 ÷ 80 ion exchange resin 10 ÷ 20 calcium component 5 ÷ 15 magnesium component 5 ÷ 15

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that a mixture of calcium-containing and magnesium-containing components provides a shift in the redox potential of purified water to -150 mV and an increase in pH to 8.0 ÷ 9.0 units. regardless of the characteristics of the source water.

Additional mineralization with calcium ions, as well as an increase in the pH of water, is realized by introducing into the composition of the filtering mixture a calcium-containing component obtained from a natural mineral based on calcium carbonate in an amount of 5-15% of the total volume of all filtering components of the filtration unit. The release of calcium ions is due to the prolonged dissolution of the granules of the material in contact with water. Moreover, the limited solubility of the material does not lead to the appearance of an excessive concentration of calcium ions. When the content of calcium-containing material is 5 ÷ 15 vol. % concentration of calcium ions and pH in purified water does not exceed hygienic standards.

It is advisable that as a magnesium-containing material that contributes to the enrichment of water with magnesium ions and to reduce the ORP of purified water to negative values, an artificial granular material based on magnesium oxide / hydroxide with the addition of metallic magnesium is used. Use in a mixture of granular magnesium-containing material in an amount of 5 ÷ 15 vol. % provides the optimal concentration of magnesium in the filtered water, as well as the shift in the ORP of the purified water to the negative region to values of - 150 mV.

An increase in the amount of calcium-containing and magnesium-containing materials leads to excessive alkalization of purified water (12.0 pH units or more), and is also economically inexpedient. With a decrease in the content of calcium-containing and magnesium-containing materials less than 5 vol. % change in pH and ORP is minimal and impractical.

It is advisable that weakly acidic cation exchange resins in the Na, and / or K, and / or Mg forms are used in the mixture of adsorbing components. The use of such resins ensures the removal of heavy metal ions from water, without substantially changing the pH of the purified water. The use of weakly acidic macroporous resins in the H-form as part of the adsorbent components also ensures purification of the source water from heavy metal ions, however, the pH value of the purified water in this case will be in the slightly acidic pH range, which in turn will lead to a positive ORP value, which will not correspond to the assigned technical task.

It is advisable that native activated carbons exhibiting alkaline properties in contact with water are used in a mixture of granular adsorbent components. To maintain the pH of purified water in the range of pH 8.0 + 9.0 units. the pH value of water after contact with activated carbon should also be in the range of pH 8.0 or more. The use of specialized acid-washed activated carbons, after contact with which the pH of the water will be less than 8.0 units, will lead to purified water with pH values of less than 8.0 units. and, as a result, higher AFP values.

The granule size of activated carbon is 0.3 ÷ 1.7 mm, the granule size of the ion-exchange resin and calcium-containing component is 0.4 ÷ 1.2 mm, the magnesium-containing component is 1.4 ÷ 2.5 mm, the silver content in silver-containing activated carbon is at least 0.05 wt. %

Granules of activated carbon less than 0.3 mm in size degrade hydrodynamics, in this case, reduce the filtration rate, and more than 1.7 mm do not allow to achieve the desired indicators for cleaning efficiency, because the effective surface of the filter material is reduced. The granule size of calcium and magnesium-containing components is due to the fact that it does not significantly change the hydrodynamic properties of a mixture of activated carbon and ion-exchange resin, while ensuring prolonged dissolution of these components over the entire resource.

The introduction of silver-containing activated carbon into the mixture of granular adsorbent components prevents biofouling of the material, i.e. creates a bacteriostatic effect.

It is advisable that the layer of non-woven ion-exchange fabric made of cation-exchange fiber provides additional selective purification of water from iron and heavy metal ions, and also avoids leaching of particles of a mixture of granular adsorbent components from the filter cartridge.

The filter cartridge works as follows (Fig.).

Using the fastening means (3), the cartridge is installed in a household filter. The threaded connection of the filter cartridge and filter allows you to move and tilt the filter with a sufficient degree of freedom. The purified water through the radial slots (2) of the shell of the purified water supply unit (1) enters the grid (4), which does not allow the particles of the mixture of adsorbing components and mineralizing components to be washed out (6), passes through it and enters the hollow cylinder of the filtration unit (5) filled with a mixture of granular adsorbing and mineralizing components (6): activated carbon, ion-exchange resin, calcium-containing and magnesium-containing materials. Passing through a mixture of granular activated carbon and ion-exchange resin, the source water is purified from active chlorine, organochlorine compounds, pesticides, petroleum products, ACA, total iron and heavy metal ions, unpleasant odors and smacks. The presence of silver in the composition of granular activated carbon prevents biofouling of the material, i.e. creates a bacteriostatic effect. Due to the dissolution of calcium-containing and magnesium-containing granular materials, accompanied by the occurrence of redox processes, there is a decrease in redox potential in the negative region, an acid-base balance is shifted to the alkaline region, and water is enriched with calcium and magnesium ions. Next, the purified water falls on a layer of non-woven filter cloth (7), where suspended particles, as well as heavy metal ions, are retained.

At the outlet of the filtration unit, water passes through a grid (8) supporting a non-woven fabric (7), enters the outlet for purified water (9) and is poured through a hole (10) into a container for collecting purified water.

Below are examples of achieving a technical result when using the inventive filter element with a capacity of 0.2 dm ³ / h as part of a household filter for jug type water. As examples, the data of the protocol for laboratory studies of water samples from the centralized water supply system of Moscow, previously purified using a reverse osmosis system and artificially contaminated with the studied pollutants, before and after treatment with the claimed filter cartridge are given. The examples illustrate but do not limit the use of the proposed filter element.

Example 1. A filter cartridge containing a calcium-containing component of 5 vol. %, magnesium-containing component 5 vol. %, activated carbon 65 vol. %, ion exchange resin 15 vol. %

Example 2. A filter cartridge containing a calcium-containing component of 15 vol. %, magnesium-containing component 15 vol. %, activated carbon 50 vol. %, ion exchange resin 20 vol. %

The implementation of the claimed filter cartridge for drinking water with improved consumer properties allows you to get water with an alkaline pH of 8 ÷ 9 units. and negative redox potential, as well as enriched with calcium and magnesium ions.

Claims (11)

1. A filter cartridge for producing drinking water with improved consumer properties, consisting of series-connected: a unit for supplying purified water, including a casing with radial slots and equipped with fastening means in the filter, made in the form of a cylindrical shell with a thread on the outer surface; a filtration unit made in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the bases of which grids are installed, and filled with a mixture of granular adsorbing and mineralizing components and a layer of non-woven ion-exchange filter cloth adjacent from the inside to the mesh in the lower part of the filtration unit; node output purified water, made in the form of a funnel with an obtuse angle and a hole in the middle; wherein the filtration unit contains a mixture of granular calcium-containing and magnesium-containing components and granular adsorbing components in the following content of the mixture components, vol. %: silver activated carbon 2 ÷ 5 Activated carbon 55 ÷ 80 ion exchange resin 10 ÷ 20 calcium component 5 ÷ 15 magnesium component 5 ÷ 15 2. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that native activated carbons exhibiting alkaline properties when in contact with water are used in a mixture of granular adsorbent components. 3. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the calcium-containing component is obtained from a natural mineral based on calcium carbonate. 4. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that an artificial granular material based on magnesium oxide / hydroxide with the addition of metallic magnesium is used as the magnesium-containing material. 5. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the silver content in the silver-containing activated carbon is at least 0.05 wt. % 6. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the granule size of activated carbon is 0.3 ÷ 1.7 mm. 7. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the granule size of the magnesium-containing component is 1.4 ÷ 2.5 mm. 8. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the granule size of the calcium-containing component and the ion-exchange resin is 0.4 ÷ 1.2 mm. 9. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that weakly acidic cation exchange resins in the Na- and / or K- and / or Mg forms are used in the mixture of adsorbing components. 10. The filter cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of non-woven ion-exchange fabric is made of cation-exchange fiber.

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