CN108002631B - Composite adsorption filtration method and equipment for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production - Google Patents
Composite adsorption filtration method and equipment for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a composite adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into water for electrolysis and oxygen production, and equipment for realizing the method, which specifically comprises the following steps: the urine is distilled after being added with the pretreatment agent to obtain strong acid distillate, the strong acid distillate is filtered by a first silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device, a second silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device, a polypropylene filter membrane filter device and an ion exchange resin device doped with 2% iodine resin in sequence, and then the water qualified in all detection is used for preparing oxygen by electrolysis after the detection of conductivity, pH value, maximum particle size and total organic carbon TOC value, otherwise, the filter element or the ion exchange resin column is replaced and then is filtered again. The application is that the composite adsorption filtration method and system which are suitable for the high efficiency, long service life, less maintenance and miniaturization of the strong acid liquid are obtained after repeated test, selection and combination on the basis of multiple experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of water resource regeneration, and particularly relates to a composite adsorption filtration method and equipment for regenerating urine into water for electrolysis and oxygen production.
Background
In some specific environments, water resources are particularly valuable, and it is not economical or practical to rely on only storing water and frequent periodic replenishment, and the best solution at present is to utilize water recovery and water regeneration techniques to achieve water recycling as much as possible. The human urine contains a large amount of water, and the recycling of the urine is an important component in the recycling of water resources in a specific environment. Under normal conditions, the amount of urine discharged by each person per day is 1.5kg, the urine contains more than 100 organic matters and inorganic matters, and mainly contains urea (about 13-20 g/L), sodium chloride (about 13-20 g/L) and the like, and the total amount of various pollutants accounts for about 3% -5% of the urine. The water in the urine is purified, the urine is distilled under reduced pressure after the pretreatment agent is added, and the urine distillate is pure compared with the urine, but can only be used for flushing a toilet. According to the method, the distillate is further treated, so that the treated urine distillate meets the water quality requirement of the electrolytic oxygen production, and the water yield of urine purification reaches more than 90%. Because of the special properties (strong acidity, treated by strong oxidizer) of urine distillate, the existing common filtering or purifying equipment cannot meet the requirements of high water yield, high efficiency, long service life, little maintenance, miniaturization and the like, and the existing filtering materials and equipment need to be selected and improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enable the recovered water after urine treatment to be used as the water for electrolytic oxygen production, the application provides a set of optimized method and filter equipment for filtering the urine distillate on the basis of repeated test, selection, combination and screening on the basis of multiple experiments and combining the characteristic of strong acidity of the urine distillate, and the method and the system are high-efficiency, long-service life, less maintenance, miniaturization and simple operation of the composite adsorption and filtration method and the system which are suitable for regenerating urine into the water for electrolytic oxygen production.
The application discloses a compound adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into water for electrolysis and oxygen production, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding a pretreatment agent into urine, and distilling to obtain distillate;
step 2: the distillate is filtered by a first silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device;
step 3: the distillate filtered by the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device is filtered by the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device;
step 4: the distillate filtered by the second silver-loaded fiber active carbon filter device is filtered by a polypropylene filter membrane filter device;
step 5: the distillate filtered by the polypropylene filter membrane filtering device passes through the ion exchange resin device;
Step 6: and (3) detecting the water obtained after passing through the ion exchange resin device through conductivity, pH value, particle size and total organic carbon TOC, detecting all qualified water for preparing oxygen by electrolysis, and returning unqualified water to the step (2) for adsorption filtration again.
Preferably, before the obtained effluent in the step 6 is used for preparing oxygen by electrolysis, the method further comprises the step of effluent detection:
step 6.1: conducting conductivity detection on the effluent after passing through an ion exchange resin device doped with 2% of iodine resin, and conducting step 6.2 if the conductivity of the effluent is less than or equal to 50 mu s/cm, otherwise conducting step 6.5;
step 6.2: detecting the pH value of water, if the pH value is in the range of 6.5-8.5, performing step 6.3, otherwise performing step 6.5;
step 6.3: detecting the maximum particle size of the particles in the water, if the maximum particle size is less than or equal to 5 mu m, performing the step 6.4, otherwise, performing the step 6.8;
step 6.4: detecting the total organic carbon TOC value of the effluent, if the total organic carbon TOC value is less than or equal to 50ppm, performing step 6.9, otherwise, performing step 6.5;
step 6.5: judging whether a second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device is replaced newly, if not, performing the step 6.6, and if so, performing the step 6.7;
Step 6.6: replacing silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter cores in the first silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device and the second silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device, and then performing step 6.9;
step 6.7: replacing the original ion exchange resin column with a new ion exchange resin column, and then performing step 6.9;
step 6.8: replacing the original polypropylene filter membrane filter element in the polypropylene filter membrane filter device with a new polypropylene filter membrane filter element, and then performing step 6.9;
step 6.9: all the detected effluent is used for preparing oxygen through electrolysis; otherwise, the water which does not pass the detection returns to be filtered again.
Preferably, the specific steps of replacing the silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device and the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device are as follows: replacing a second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device with a new silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element, and replacing an original first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device with an original second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element;
the application also discloses a composite adsorption filtration device for regenerating urine into water for electrolysis and oxygen production, which comprises a shell, a display device, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a pump, a first three-way joint, a second three-way joint, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a programmable controller, a filter element component and a detection device;
The shell is of a rectangular box structure, a display device is arranged on the outer side of the shell, and the display device is used for displaying detection information detected by the detection device; the pump, the first three-way joint, the second three-way joint, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the programmable controller, the filter element component and the detection device are all arranged in the box body;
the water inlet pipe led out from the urine distillation equipment passes through the shell to be connected with the water inlet of the pump, the pump pressurizes urine distillate, the water outlet of the pump is connected with the first port of the first three-way joint, the second port of the first three-way joint is connected with the water inlet of the filter element assembly, the water outlet of the filter element assembly is connected with the water inlet of the detection device, the water outlet of the detection device is connected with the first port of the second three-way joint, the second port of the second three-way joint is connected with the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe passes through the shell from the inside of the shell to be connected with the external electrolytic oxygen-making equipment; the third port of the second three-way joint is connected with the third port of the first three-way joint; a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the third port of the second three-way joint and the third port of the first three-way joint, and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on a water outlet pipe connected with the second port of the second three-way joint; the detection device, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the display device are respectively connected with the programmable controller in a communication way, and the programmable controller controls the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve according to the detection data and a preset threshold value;
The filter element component comprises a first silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device, a second silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device, a polypropylene filter membrane filter device and an ion exchange resin device, which are sequentially connected to form the filter element component.
Preferably, the detection device comprises a water outlet conductivity detector, a water outlet PH value detector, a water outlet particulate matter particle size detector and a total organic carbon TOC detector; the concrete connection structure is as follows:
the water outlet of the ion exchange resin device in the filter element assembly is connected with the first port of the third tee joint; a detection electrode of a water outlet conductivity detector and a detection electrode of a water outlet PH value detector are sequentially arranged in a pipeline of which the water outlet of the ion exchange resin device is connected with the first port of the third three-way joint;
the second port of the third three-way joint is connected with the first port of the fourth three-way joint, and the third port of the third three-way joint is connected with water inlet of the water outlet particulate matter particle size detector; the second port of the fourth three-way joint is connected with the first port of the fifth three-way joint, and the third port of the fourth three-way joint is connected with the water outlet of the water outlet particulate matter particle size detector;
the second port of the fifth three-way joint is connected with the first port of the second three-way joint, and the third port of the fifth three-way joint is communicated with the water inlet of the total organic carbon TOC detector; the second port of the second three-way joint is connected with the water outlet pipe, and the third port of the second three-way joint is connected with the first port of the sixth three-way joint;
A first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the third port of the second three-way joint and the first port of the sixth three-way joint; the water outlet of the total organic carbon TOC detector is connected with the third port of the sixth three-way joint; the second port of the sixth three-way joint is connected with the third port of the first three-way joint;
the effluent conductivity detector, the effluent PH value detector, the effluent particulate matter particle size detector and the total organic carbon TOC detector are all in communication connection with the programmable controller.
Preferably, the detection device further comprises a water inlet flow detector, a water inlet conductivity detector, a first water outlet flow detector and a second water outlet flow detector; the concrete connection structure is as follows:
the water outlet of the pump is connected with the water inlet of the water inlet flow detector, the water outlet of the water inlet flow detector is connected with the first port of the first three-way joint, and a detection electrode of the water inlet conductivity detector is arranged in a pipeline in which the water outlet of the water inlet flow detector is connected with the first port of the first three-way joint;
the water outlet of the polypropylene filter membrane filtering device in the filter element assembly is communicated with the water inlet of the second water outlet flow detector, and the water outlet of the second water outlet flow detector is communicated with the water inlet of the ion exchange resin device;
The second port of the second three-way joint is communicated with the water inlet of the first water outlet flow detector, and the water outlet of the first water outlet flow detector is communicated with the water outlet pipe; a second electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged on a pipeline of the second port of the second three-way joint 102, which is communicated with the water inlet of the first water outlet flow detector;
the water inlet flow detector, the water inlet conductivity detector, the first water outlet flow detector and the second water outlet flow detector are all in communication connection with the programmable controller.
Preferably, the system further comprises an alarm device which is in communication connection with the programmable controller.
Preferably, the polypropylene filter membrane filter device uses a polypropylene folding filter element.
Preferably, the filter elements in the first silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device and the second silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device use silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter element materials with the filter aperture of 0.1-0.5 μm.
Preferably, the programmable controller controls the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve according to the detection data and a preset threshold value, and automatic control is adopted.
The application has the advantages that:
1. the water cost under specific conditions is greatly saved due to the recycling of human urine.
2. The system has high efficiency, long service life, little maintenance, small size, simple and convenient use and space and transportation cost saving.
3. Aiming at the characteristics of urine distillate, a simple method and simple equipment are adopted, so that the water quality of the distillate meets the water quality requirement of the electrolytic oxygen production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a composite adsorption filtration process for regenerating urine into electrolyzed oxygen producing water;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a filter unit of the composite adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into water for producing oxygen by electrolysis;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of effluent detection of a composite adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into electrolyzed oxygen producing water;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the external structure of a filtration apparatus for regenerating urine distillate into water for electrolytic oxygen production;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a filtration apparatus for regenerating urine distillate into water for electrolytic oxygen production;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a filtration apparatus for regenerating a urine distillate into water for electrolytic oxygen production according to the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a filtration apparatus for regenerating a second urine distillate into water for electrolytic oxygen production.
Detailed Description
The application claims a compound adsorption filtration method and equipment for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production, which are suitable for further treatment of distillate after urine is added with pretreatment agent and distilled, the treated urine distillate not only meets the water quality requirement of electrolytic oxygen production, but also has the water yield of urine water purification of more than 90 percent.
The composite adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into water for producing oxygen by electrolysis mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, adding a pretreatment agent into urine and then distilling to obtain distillate, wherein the distillate is colorless, transparent, has pungent smell, higher in conductivity, higher in total organic carbon content and lower in pH value, and the fact that the content of organic matters and salts in the distillate is high, the acidity is strong, the water quality requirement of electrolytic oxygen production cannot be met, and further purification is needed.
Step 2: the urine distillate passes through a first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device, and the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device is used as a primary filter device for filtering.
The current common small sewage treatment system or water purification filtration system adopts a PP filter element as primary filtration, and for urine distillate added with a pretreatment agent, the PP filter element is abandoned as primary filtration through a plurality of experiments (the result is shown in table 1), and because of the special property (strong acidity and treatment by a strong oxidizer) of the urine distillate, the conductivity, the total organic carbon and the total inorganic carbon are respectively increased by 23.6 percent, 11.28 percent and 51.58 percent after filtration by the PP filter element, if the PP filter element is adopted as primary filtration by a conventional method, the burden of subsequent treatment is not reduced, but the burden of the subsequent treatment is greatly increased, the complexity of the system is increased, and the service life of consumable materials for the subsequent treatment is shortened.
TABLE 1 index variation of urine distillate filtered through PP Filter element
In consideration of the construction targets of high efficiency, long service life, less maintenance, miniaturization and the like of the system, the invention gives up the commonly used PP filter element as primary filtration, and uses the active carbon filter element as primary filtration. The activated carbon belongs to a nonpolar adsorbent, has good adsorption capacity for nonpolar and weak polar organic matters, and can be used for adsorbing and removing organic matters, color, smell, taste, toxic substances, radioactive substances and partial heavy metal ions in water. The specific surface area of the activated carbon is 700-1200 m 2 And/g, mainly physical adsorption. The active carbon surface forms various functional groups, can remove various heavy metal ions, has a mechanism of action through complexation and chelation, has higher selectivity, belongs to single-layer adsorption, and is more difficult to desorb. Activated carbon is classified into three types of powdered carbon (PAC), granular carbon (GAC) and fibrous Activated Carbon (ACF) according to morphology. The conductivity test comparison after filtration using powdered, granular and fibrous activated carbon found that: on one hand, the filter core of the powdery active carbon and the filter core of the granular active carbon (containing rod-shaped active carbon) have more filtrate dissolution products and higher conductivity after being filtered compared with the filter core of the fiber active carbon, on the other hand, the powdery active carbon is not fully exerted due to the adsorption capacity, and carbon powder is easy to flow out along with water, so as not to add load to the subsequent treatment, the powdery active carbon and the granular active carbon (containing rod-shaped active carbon) are not selected; compared with powdered carbon and granular carbon, the fiber activated carbon has more abundant micropores, wherein the volume of the micropores is about 90 percent, the pore diameter of the micropores is 10A-40A, and the adsorption capacity (5-30 times higher) and the adsorption speed are both achieved The facets are advantageous. And silver-loaded fiber activated carbon is selected in consideration of possible contamination of the system by long-term operation to block the filter pores. In this embodiment, the silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter core material with the filter pore diameter of 0.1-0.5 μm is preferable, and the distillate is filtered to remove organic matters, color, smell, taste, toxic substances and part of heavy metal ions in the distillate.
Step 3: the distillate filtered by the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device is filtered by the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device. The second fiber active carbon filter device is the same as the first fiber active carbon filter device, and aims to further remove organic matters, colors, smell, taste, toxic substances and partial heavy metal ions in distillate, and further filter the distillate, so that the service lives of a subsequent filter element and an ion exchange resin column can be prolonged.
TABLE 2 Water quality Change of urine distillate after filtration with silver fiber-loaded activated carbon
As can be seen from Table 2, the effect of directly treating the urine distillate with the silver-loaded fiber activated carbon twice is remarkable, which is determined by the characteristics of the urine distillate and the fiber activated carbon.
Step 4: the distillate filtered by the second silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device is filtered by the polypropylene filter membrane filter device, so as to remove solid particles with the diameter of more than 0.22 mu m. The polypropylene filter membrane filter device is arranged behind the first active carbon filter element and the second active carbon filter element, so that the filter precision can be improved.
At present, a common sewage treatment system or a common water purification and filtration system generally adopts a reverse osmosis system as a subsequent step of activated carbon treatment, because a reverse osmosis membrane can almost thoroughly separate impurities such as heavy metals, pesticides, bacteria and the like from filtered clean water, but the clean water and brine are respectively discharged after the reverse osmosis treatment. If a reverse osmosis system is used, the water recovery rate is greatly reduced due to the discharge of brine, and the reverse osmosis system is not used in consideration of the goal that the final water yield exceeds 90% and the service life of the reverse osmosis system (if the brine is very low in proportion, the service life of the reverse osmosis system is greatly shortened). In addition, the adoption of the reverse osmosis system can also require the pressurization of the system and increase the power consumption, so the invention abandons the reverse osmosis system. Among the plurality of filter membranes, the polypropylene filter membrane is suitable for the system in terms of filter pore diameter, PH application range and the like, so that the system adopts the polypropylene filter membrane for filtering, and the polypropylene filter membrane filter device in the embodiment is preferably a polypropylene folding filter element.
TABLE 3 Water quality Change after treatment by Polypropylene Filter Membrane Filter device
As can be seen from Table 3, the water quality after treatment by the polypropylene filter membrane filter device changes, and the requirements of filtration and water yield can be met at the same time.
At present, an EDI technology (continuous electric desalting technology) is adopted for ion exchange, an electrodialysis technology and an ion exchange technology are integrated, the directional migration of ions in water is realized under the action of an electric field through the selective permeation action of an anion membrane and a cation membrane on anions and cations and the ion exchange action of an ion exchange resin on ions in water, so that deep purification and desalting of water are achieved, and the filled resin is continuously regenerated through hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions generated by water electrolysis, so that high-quality ultrapure water can be continuously prepared. However, EDI is not employed in view of the requirement that the present system requires as little maintenance as possible. In this application, an ion exchange resin is used, and in this embodiment, the resin in the ion exchange resin device is a mixture of a purified resin and an ultrapure resin. In view of sterilization, an ion exchange resin apparatus doped with 2% iodine resin was selected in this example.
TABLE 4 Water quality Change after ion exchange resin treatment
And 6, detecting the conductivity, the PH value, the particle size of the particulate matters and the total organic carbon TOC of the effluent obtained through the ion exchange resin device, and using all qualified effluent for preparing oxygen by electrolysis.
Before the effluent obtained through the ion exchange resin device is used for preparing oxygen by electrolysis, the effluent needs to be detected, the effluent can be used for preparing oxygen by electrolysis after being detected to be qualified, if the effluent is detected to be unqualified, the filter element of the corresponding filter device needs to be replaced, and the unqualified effluent needs to be filtered again and detected, so that the urine distillate after filtration is ensured to be regenerated into qualified water for preparing oxygen by electrolysis. Step 6 may specifically include the following steps:
step 6.1: conducting conductivity detection on the effluent after passing through an ion exchange resin device doped with 2% iodine resin, and conducting step 6.2 through conductivity detection if the conductivity of the effluent is less than or equal to 50 mu s/cm, otherwise conducting step 6.5;
step 6.2: detecting the pH value of water, if the pH value is in the range of 6.5-8.5, performing the step 6.3 by detecting the pH value, otherwise, performing the step 6.5;
step 6.3: detecting the maximum particle size of the particles in the water, if the maximum particle size is less than or equal to 5 mu m, performing the step 6.4 by detecting the maximum particle size, otherwise, performing the step 6.8;
Step 6.4: detecting the total organic carbon TOC value of the effluent, if the total organic carbon TOC value is less than or equal to 50ppm, performing step 6.9 by detecting the total organic carbon TOC value, otherwise performing step 6.5;
step 6.5: judging whether a second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device is replaced newly, if not, performing the step 6.6, and if so, performing the step 6.7; the determination of whether to be newly replaced may be performed by a person skilled in the art in various ways, for example, by resetting the time after each replacement of the second silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter cartridge and then determining the time.
Step 6.6: replacing silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter cores in the first silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device and the second silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device, and then performing step 6.9; preferably, a new silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element can be used for replacing a second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device, and an original second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element can be used for replacing an original first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device, so that the material is fully utilized, and the service life of the silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element is prolonged;
Step 6.7: replacing the original ion exchange resin column with a new ion exchange resin column, and then performing step 6.9;
step 6.8: replacing an original polypropylene filter membrane filter element in the polypropylene filter membrane filter device with a new polypropylene filter membrane filter element, and then performing step 6.9;
step 6.9: whether the effluent accords with all the detection, if so, the effluent can be used for preparing oxygen through electrolysis; if not, return to filter the water again.
Based on the above-mentioned composite adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into electrolytic oxygen-making water, the application also claims a composite adsorption filtration device for regenerating urine into electrolytic oxygen-making water, comprising a shell 1, a power switch 2, a display device 6, a water inlet pipe 3, a water outlet pipe 4, a pump, a first three-way joint 101, a second three-way joint 102, a first electromagnetic valve 13, a second electromagnetic valve 12, a programmable controller 9, a filter element component 14 and a detection device 15. Wherein the pump is preferably a diaphragm pump 8 in the specific embodiment of the present application.
According to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the casing 1 has a rectangular box structure, and the power switch 2 and the display device 6 are mounted on the outside of the casing 1. The power switch 2 is used to control the power supply of the whole device. The display means 6 displays the values detected by the detection means 15. The diaphragm pump 8, the first three-way connection 101, the second three-way connection 102, the first solenoid valve 13, the second solenoid valve 12, the programmable controller 9, the filter cartridge assembly 14 and the detection device 15 are all installed in the body of the housing 1. The inlet tube 3 that urine distillation plant department was derived passes shell 1 and connects diaphragm pump 8 water inlet, and diaphragm pump 8 pressurizes urine distillate, and diaphragm pump 8 delivery port is connected with first three way connection 101 first port, and first three way connection 101 second port is connected with filter element assembly 14's water inlet, and filter element assembly 14's delivery port is connected with detection device 15's water inlet, and detection device 15's delivery port is connected with second three way connection 102 first port, and second three way connection 102 second port is connected with outlet pipe 4, and outlet pipe 4 passes shell 1 from shell 1 inside and connects outside electrolysis oxygenerator. The third port of the second three-way joint 102 is connected with the third port of the first three-way joint 101. A first electromagnetic valve 13 is arranged on a pipeline between a third port of the second three-way joint 102 and a third port of the first three-way joint 101, and a second electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged on a water outlet pipe 4 connected with the second port of the second three-way joint 102. The detection device 15, the first electromagnetic valve 13, the second electromagnetic valve 12 and the display device 6 are respectively in communication connection with the programmable controller 9, the detection device 15 sends detection data to the programmable controller 9, and the programmable controller 9 displays the detection data on the display device 6. If the detection result is qualified, the programmable controller 9 controls the first electromagnetic valve 13 to be closed and the second electromagnetic valve 12 to be opened; the programmable controller 9 controls the first solenoid valve 13 to open and the second solenoid valve 12 to close if the detection result is not acceptable.
Because urine distillate has special properties such as strong acidity, being treated by strong oxidizer, the filter element assembly 14 in the present application comprises a first silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device 141, a second silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device 142, a polypropylene filter membrane filter device 143 and an ion exchange resin device 144, which are sequentially connected.
Since the filtered effluent is used for electrolytic oxygen production, the detection device 15 mainly comprises an effluent conductivity detector 151, an effluent pH value detector 152, an effluent particulate matter particle size detector 153 and a total organic carbon TOC detector 154.
Device example 1
According to fig. 6, the detecting device 15 in this embodiment includes a water outlet conductivity detector 151, a water outlet PH detector 152, a water outlet particulate matter particle size detector 153, and a total organic carbon TOC detector 154, so the displaying device 6 in this embodiment includes a water outlet conductivity detector display device, a water outlet PH detector display device, a water outlet particulate matter particle size detector display device, and a total organic carbon TOC detector display device. When the device works, the data displayed by the display device of the effluent conductivity detector are real-time conductivity detection values of effluent after urine distillate is filtered by the filter element assembly 14, the data displayed by the display device of the effluent PH detector are real-time PH detection values of effluent after urine distillate is filtered by the filter element assembly 14, the data displayed by the display device of the effluent particle size detector are real-time particle size detection values of effluent particles after urine distillate is filtered by the filter element assembly 14, and the data displayed by the display device of the total organic carbon TOC detector are real-time total organic carbon TOC detection values of effluent after urine distillate is filtered by the filter element assembly 14. The specific connection relationship between the devices is as follows:
The water inlet pipe 3 led out of the urine distillation equipment passes through the shell 1 and is connected with the water inlet of the diaphragm pump 8, the diaphragm pump 8 pressurizes urine distillate flowing into the composite adsorption filtration equipment, the water outlet of the diaphragm pump 8 is connected with the first port of the first three-way joint 101, the second port of the first three-way joint 101 is connected with the water inlet of the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device 141, the water outlet of the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device 141 is communicated with the water inlet of the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device 142, the water outlet of the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device 142 is communicated with the water inlet of the polypropylene filter membrane filter device 143, the water outlet of the polypropylene filter membrane filter device 143 is communicated with the water inlet of the ion exchange resin device 144, and the water outlet of the ion exchange resin device 144 is connected with the first port of the third three-way joint 103. In the pipeline that the delivery port of ion exchange resin device 144 is connected with the first port of third three way connection 103, install the detection electrode of play water conductivity detector 151 and the detection electrode of play water PH value detector 152 in proper order for detect out total inorganic salt concentration and PH value of water, the second port of third three way connection 103 is connected with the first port of fourth three way connection 104, the third port of third three way connection 103 is connected with the income water phase of play water particulate matter particle diameter detector 153. The second port of the fourth three-way joint 104 is connected to the first port of the fifth three-way joint 105, and the third port of the fourth three-way joint 104 is connected to the outlet water of the outlet water particle size detector 153, and the outlet water particle size detector 153 is used for detecting the particle size of the outlet water. The second port of the fifth three-way joint 105 is connected with the first port of the second three-way joint 102, and the third port of the fifth three-way joint 105 is communicated with the water inlet of the total organic carbon TOC detector and is used for detecting the total organic carbon TOC value of water. The second port of the second three-way joint 102 is connected with the water outlet pipe 4, and the third port of the second three-way joint 102 is connected with the first port of the sixth three-way joint 106. A first electromagnetic valve 13 is arranged on a pipeline between a third port of the second three-way joint 102 and a first port of the sixth three-way joint 106, and a second electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged on a water outlet pipe 4 connected with a second port of the second three-way joint 102. The liquid detected by the total organic carbon TOC detector 154 needs to be filtered again, so that the water outlet of the total organic carbon TOC detector 154 is connected to the third port of the sixth three-way joint 106. The second port of the sixth three-way joint 106 is connected to the third port of the first three-way joint 101.
The effluent conductivity detector 151, the effluent PH detector 152, the effluent particulate matter particle size detector 153, the total organic carbon TOC detector 154, the first electromagnetic valve 13, the second electromagnetic valve 12, the effluent conductivity detector display device, the effluent PH detector display device, the effluent particulate matter particle size detector display device and the total organic carbon TOC detector display device are respectively in communication connection with the programmable controller 9, the effluent conductivity detector 151, the effluent PH detector 152, the effluent particulate matter particle size detector 153 and the total organic carbon TOC detector 154 send detection data to the programmable controller 9, the programmable controller 9 displays relevant detection data in the corresponding display device 6, and the electromagnetic valves are controlled according to the detection data of the effluent conductivity detector 151, the effluent PH detector 152, the effluent particulate matter particle size detector 153 and the total organic carbon TOC detector 154 and a preset threshold value. If the detection result is within the preset threshold range, the programmable controller 9 controls the first electromagnetic valve 13 to close and the second electromagnetic valve 12 to open, and the detected water flows to the electrolytic oxygen generating equipment along the water outlet pipe 4; if the detected result exceeds the set threshold range, the programmable controller 9 controls the first electromagnetic valve 13 to open and the second electromagnetic valve 12 to close, and the water which does not pass through the detection returns to the first three-way joint 101 along the pipeline to be filtered again, so that the water yield is increased.
Device example two
According to fig. 7, on the basis of the first embodiment of the apparatus, an inflow water flow detector 155, a first outflow water flow detector 158, and a second outflow water flow detector 157 are added, and an inflow water conductivity detector 156 and a corresponding inflow water flow detector display device, an inflow water conductivity detector display device, a first outflow water flow detector display device, and a second outflow water flow detector display device are added to the display device 6. The water inlet flow detector 155 is used for detecting the liquid flow in the pipeline from the water outlet of the diaphragm pump 8 to the first port of the first three-way joint 101, the first water outlet flow detector 158 is used for detecting the liquid flow in the water outlet pipe 4, the second water outlet flow detector 157 is used for detecting the liquid flow in the pipeline from the water outlet of the polypropylene filter membrane filtering device 143 to the water inlet of the ion exchange resin device 144, and the water inlet conductivity detector 156 is used for detecting the real-time conductivity of the urine distillate before the urine distillate is filtered by the filter element assembly 14. The specific connection relationship between the devices is as follows:
the water inlet pipe 3 led out from the urine distillation equipment passes through the shell 1 and is connected with the water inlet of the diaphragm pump 8, the diaphragm pump 8 pressurizes the urine distillate flowing into the composite adsorption filtration equipment, the water outlet of the diaphragm pump 8 is connected with the water inlet of the water inlet flow detector 155, the water outlet of the water inlet flow detector 155 is connected with the first port of the first three-way joint 101, and the detection electrode of the water inlet conductivity detector 156 is arranged in a pipeline connected with the water outlet of the water inlet flow detector 155 and the first port of the first three-way joint 101 and is used for detecting the total inorganic salt concentration of inlet water. The second port of the first three-way joint 101 is communicated with the water inlet of the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device 141, the water outlet of the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device 141 is communicated with the water inlet of the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device 142, the water outlet of the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device 142 is communicated with the water inlet of the polypropylene filter membrane filter device 143, the water outlet of the polypropylene filter membrane filter device 143 is communicated with the water inlet of the second water outlet flow detector 157, the water outlet of the second water outlet flow detector 157 is communicated with the water inlet of the ion exchange resin device 144, and the water outlet of the ion exchange resin device 144 is connected with the first port of the third three-way joint 103. In the pipeline in which the water outlet of the ion exchange resin device 144 is connected with the first port of the third three-way joint 103, the detection electrode of the effluent conductivity detector 151 and the detection electrode of the effluent PH value detector 152 are sequentially installed, the second port of the third three-way joint 103 is connected with the first port of the fourth three-way joint 104, and the third port of the third three-way joint 103 is connected with the water inlet of the effluent particulate matter particle size detector 153. The second port of the fourth three-way joint 104 is connected to the first port of the fifth three-way joint 105, and the third port of the fourth three-way joint 104 is connected to the water outlet of the water outlet particulate matter particle size detector 153. The second port of the fifth three-way joint 105 is connected to the first port of the second three-way joint 102, and the third port of the fifth three-way joint 105 is connected to the water inlet of the total organic carbon TOC detector 154. The second port of the second three-way joint 102 is communicated with the water inlet of the first water outlet flow detector 158, the third port of the second three-way joint 102 is connected with the first port of the sixth three-way joint 106, and the water outlet of the first water outlet flow detector 158 is communicated with the water outlet pipe 4. The first electromagnetic valve 13 is installed on a pipeline between the third port of the second three-way joint 102 and the first port of the sixth three-way joint 106, and the second electromagnetic valve 12 is installed on a pipeline, the second port of the second three-way joint 102 of which is communicated with the water inlet of the first water outlet flow detector 158. The effluent detected by the total organic carbon TOC detector 154 needs to be filtered again, so that the water outlet of the total organic carbon TOC detector 154 is connected to the third port of the sixth three-way joint 106. The second port of the sixth three-way joint 106 is connected to the third port of the first three-way joint 101.
The newly added water inlet flow detector 155, water inlet conductivity detector 156, first water outlet flow detector 158 and second water outlet flow detector 157, as well as the water inlet flow detector display device, water inlet conductivity detector display device, first water outlet flow detector display device and second water outlet flow detector display device are also respectively in communication connection with the programmable controller 9. The effluent conductivity detector 151, the effluent PH detector 152, the effluent particulate matter particle size detector 153, and the total organic carbon TOC detector 154 send detection data to the programmable controller 9, and the programmable controller 9 displays the relevant detection data on the corresponding display device 6. If a detection result is within a preset threshold range, the detection is considered to be qualified, the programmable controller 9 controls the first electromagnetic valve 13 to close the second electromagnetic valve 12 and open the second electromagnetic valve, and the detected effluent flows to the electrolytic oxygen generating equipment along the water outlet pipe 4; if the detection result is not qualified, the programmable controller 9 controls the first electromagnetic valve 13 to open and the second electromagnetic valve 12 to close, and the water which does not pass through the detection returns to the first three-way joint 101 along the pipeline to be filtered again.
In this embodiment, the device may further include an alarm device, which is installed on the outside of the casing 1 and connected to the programmable controller 9 inside the casing 1, where when any one of the detection values of the effluent conductivity detector 151, the effluent PH detector 152, the effluent particulate matter particle size detector 153, and the total organic carbon TOC detector 154 exceeds a preset threshold value, the effluent automatically returns to be filtered again, so that the first effluent flow detector 158 can detect that the effluent flow is reduced or even no effluent is discharged, and when the first effluent flow detector 158 detects that the effluent flow detection value is lower than 30% of the preset flow value for 5 minutes, the programmable controller 9 controls the alarm device to alarm. The alarm mode can adopt one or more of image, text, light or sound to alarm so as to remind the replacement of consumable materials such as fiber active carbon filter element, polypropylene filter membrane filter element or ion exchange resin column. Similarly, when the second effluent flow rate detector 157 after the polypropylene filter 143 detects that the value is lower than 30% of the preset flow rate value for 5 minutes, the programmable controller 9 controls the alarm device to alarm as well, so as to remind the replacement of the polypropylene filter. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the preset flow value and duration may be set according to actual needs.
In the application, the water inlet and outlet conductivity detectors can respectively use a HonestCM-230K type online conductivity detector and a Honest CM-230 type online conductivity measurement and control instrument produced by Shanghai Chengxi magnetic electronic Co, the outlet pH value detector can use a Honest PH-A online PH measurement and control instrument produced by Shanxi magnetic electronic Co, the outlet particulate matter particle size detector can use an OPC-3 water system universal online liquid particle detector produced by Shanxi Propioneer measurement and control technology Co, and the total organic carbon TOC detector can use a total organic carbon TOC-4100 online total organic carbon detector produced by Shimadzu International trade (Shanghai) Co.
Experiments prove that the filter elements in the first and second silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter devices are domestic asphalt-based fiber activated carbon filter elements, the filter elements in the polypropylene filter membrane filter devices are domestic polypropylene filter membrane folding filter elements, the resin in the ion exchange resin column is domestic purified resin and ultra-pure resin, and the four filter devices are used as filter element components for optimal adsorption filtration. Adding pretreatment agent into urine and distilling to obtain distillate, then carrying out adsorption filtration treatment on the distillate by the optimal filter element component, wherein in practice, the total of 46kg of urine distillate is treated by the adsorption filtration system of the invention for 40 times, and the conductivity, pH value, particle size of particles and total organic carbon TOC value of each filtrate are measured, and the experimental results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 comparison of Water quality before and after filtration of urine distillate
| Urine distillate quality | Water quality required by electrolysis for oxygen production | Water quality after filtration | |
| pH value of | 3.78～4.08 | 6.5～8.5 | 6.5～7.67 |
| Total organic carbon (mg/L) | 47.6～80.8 | ≤50 | 1.62～4.42 |
| Conductivity (mu s/cm) | 63.3～111.8 | ≤50 | 0.2～0.65 |
| Maximum particle diameter (μm) | Undetected | ≤5 | ＜5 |
The combined filter device can greatly reduce the content of inorganic matters and organic matters in the urine distillate, the indexes of conductivity, pH value, maximum particle size and total organic carbon meet the water quality requirement of electrolytic oxygen production, and the water yield of urine purification reaches more than 92 percent, so that the urine distillate filtering method is a urine distillate filtering method with high efficiency, long service life, little maintenance, miniaturization and simple operation. As can be seen from Table 5, the water quality of the urine distillate after filtration completely meets the electrolytic oxygen production requirement.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the programmable controller 9 may also use a single-chip or microprocessor to perform the functions described. The pump can also select other small-sized corrosion-resistant pumps to realize the function of transporting urine distillate. In order to facilitate the replacement of the equipment, the first and second fiber activated carbon filter cores and the polypropylene filter membrane filter core can also be made into an integrated structure with the filter tank, and the two ends of the filter core are connected with other devices by the pipe through quick plug. For better detection, the detection device 15 can detect other aspects of the outlet water or the inlet water according to the need, and the position of the detection device 15 can be set according to the need, which are easy to realize by those skilled in the art based on the present application. While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present technology and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A composite adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into water for producing oxygen by electrolysis is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding a pretreatment agent into urine, and distilling to obtain distillate; the pretreatment agent is a strong oxidant;
step 2: the distillate is filtered by a first silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device;
step 3: the distillate filtered by the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device is filtered by the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device;
step 4: the distillate filtered by the second silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device is filtered by a polypropylene filter membrane filter device;
step 5: the distillate filtered by the polypropylene filter membrane filtering device passes through an ion exchange resin device;
step 6: and (2) detecting the effluent obtained after passing through the ion exchange resin device through conductivity, pH value, particle size of particles and total organic carbon TOC, and returning the unqualified effluent to the step (2) for adsorption filtration again after detecting that all qualified effluent is used for preparing oxygen by electrolysis.
2. The composite adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production according to claim 1, wherein: before the obtained effluent in the step 6 is used for preparing oxygen by electrolysis, the method further comprises the step of effluent detection:
Step 6.1: conducting conductivity detection on the effluent after passing through the ion exchange resin device, and conducting step 6.2 if the conductivity of the effluent is less than or equal to 50 mu s/cm, otherwise conducting step 6.5;
step 6.2: detecting the pH value of water, if the pH value is in the range of 6.5-8.5, performing step 6.3, otherwise performing step 6.5;
step 6.3: detecting the maximum particle size of the particles in the water, if the maximum particle size is less than or equal to 5 mu m, performing the step 6.4, otherwise, performing the step 6.8;
step 6.4: detecting the total organic carbon TOC value of the effluent, if the total organic carbon TOC value is less than or equal to 50ppm, performing step 6.9, otherwise, performing step 6.5;
step 6.5: judging whether a second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device is replaced newly, if not, performing the step 6.6, and if so, performing the step 6.7;
step 6.6: replacing silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter cores in the first silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device and the second silver-carrying fiber active carbon filter device, and then performing step 6.9;
step 6.7: replacing the original ion exchange resin column with a new ion exchange resin column, and then performing step 6.9;
step 6.8: replacing the original polypropylene filter membrane filter element in the polypropylene filter membrane filter device with a new polypropylene filter membrane filter element, and then performing step 6.9;
Step 6.9: detecting all qualified effluent water for electrolytic oxygen production; any effluent that fails detection returns to be re-filtered.
3. The composite adsorption filtration method for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production according to claim 2, wherein: the specific steps of replacing the silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device and the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device are as follows: the new silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element is used for replacing a second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device, and the original second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element is used for replacing an original first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element in the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device.
4. A compound adsorption filtration device for regenerating urine into water for preparing oxygen by electrolysis is characterized in that: comprises a shell, a display device, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a pump, a first three-way joint, a second three-way joint, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a programmable controller, a filter element component and a detection device;
the shell is of a rectangular box structure, the display device is arranged on the outer side of the shell, and the display device is used for displaying detection information detected by the detection device; the pump, the first three-way joint, the second three-way joint, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the programmable controller, the filter element component and the detection device are all arranged in the box body;
The water inlet pipe led out from the urine distillation equipment is connected with a water inlet of a pump through the shell, the pump pressurizes urine distillate, a water outlet of the pump is connected with a first port of a first three-way joint, a second port of the first three-way joint is connected with a water inlet of the filter element assembly, a water outlet of the filter element assembly is connected with a water inlet of a detection device, a water outlet of the detection device is connected with a first port of the second three-way joint, a second port of the second three-way joint is connected with a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe passes through the shell from the inside of the shell to be connected with external electrolytic oxygen-making equipment; the third port of the second three-way joint is connected with the third port of the first three-way joint; the first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the third port of the second three-way joint and the third port of the first three-way joint, and the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on a water outlet pipe connected with the second port of the second three-way joint; the detection device, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the display device are respectively in communication connection with the programmable controller, and the programmable controller controls the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve according to detection data and a preset threshold value;
The filter element assembly comprises a first silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device, a second silver-loaded fiber activated carbon filter device, a polypropylene filter membrane filter device and an ion exchange resin device, which are sequentially connected to form the filter element assembly.
5. The composite adsorption filtration device for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production according to claim 4, wherein: the detection device comprises a water outlet conductivity detector, a water outlet pH value detector, a water outlet particulate matter particle size detector and a total organic carbon TOC detector; the concrete connection structure is as follows:
the water outlet of the ion exchange resin device in the filter element assembly is connected with the first port of the third three-way joint; a detection electrode of a water outlet conductivity detector and a detection electrode of a water outlet pH value detector are sequentially arranged in a pipeline of which the water outlet of the ion exchange resin device is connected with the first port of the third three-way joint;
the second port of the third three-way joint is connected with the first port of the fourth three-way joint, and the third port of the third three-way joint is connected with water inlet of the water outlet particulate matter particle size detector; the second port of the fourth three-way joint is connected with the first port of the fifth three-way joint, and the third port of the fourth three-way joint is connected with the water outlet of the water outlet particulate matter particle size detector;
The second port of the fifth three-way joint is connected with the first port of the second three-way joint, and the third port of the fifth three-way joint is communicated with the water inlet of the total organic carbon TOC detector; the second port of the second three-way joint is connected with the water outlet pipe, and the third port of the second three-way joint is connected with the first port of the sixth three-way joint;
the first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the third port of the second three-way joint and the first port of the sixth three-way joint; the water outlet of the total organic carbon TOC detector is connected with the third port of the sixth three-way joint; the second port of the sixth three-way joint is connected with the third port of the first three-way joint;
the effluent conductivity detector, the effluent pH value detector, the effluent particulate matter particle size detector and the total organic carbon TOC detector are all in communication connection with the programmable controller.
6. The composite adsorption filtration device for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production according to claim 5, wherein: the detection device also comprises a water inlet flow detector, a water inlet conductivity detector, a first water outlet flow detector and a second water outlet flow detector; the concrete connection structure is as follows:
the water outlet of the pump is connected with the water inlet of the water inlet flow detector, the water outlet of the water inlet flow detector is connected with the first port of the first three-way joint, and a detection electrode of the water inlet conductivity detector is arranged in a pipeline in which the water outlet of the water inlet flow detector is connected with the first port of the first three-way joint;
The water outlet of the polypropylene filter membrane filtering device in the filter element assembly is communicated with the water inlet of the second water outlet flow detector, and the water outlet of the second water outlet flow detector is communicated with the water inlet of the ion exchange resin device;
the second port of the second three-way joint is communicated with the water inlet of the first water outlet flow detector, and the water outlet of the first water outlet flow detector is communicated with the water outlet pipe; a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline, the second port of the second three-way joint is communicated with the water inlet of the first water outlet flow detector;
the water inlet flow detector, the water inlet conductivity detector, the first water outlet flow detector and the second water outlet flow detector are all in communication connection with the programmable controller.
7. The composite adsorption filtration device for regenerating urine into electrolyzed oxygen-making water according to claim 6, further comprising an alarm device, wherein the alarm device is in communication connection with the programmable controller.
8. The composite adsorption filtration device for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production according to claim 4, wherein: the polypropylene filter membrane filter device uses a polypropylene folding filter element.
9. The composite adsorption filtration device for regenerating urine into water for electrolytic oxygen production according to claim 4, wherein: the filter elements in the first silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device and the second silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter device are made of silver-carrying fiber activated carbon filter element materials with the filter aperture of 0.1-0.5 mu m.
10. The apparatus for regenerating urine into electrolyzed oxygen-producing water according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the programmable controller controls the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve according to the detection data and a preset threshold value, and adopts automatic control.
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