RU104084U1 - FILTRATION NODE FILTER CARTRIDGE - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. The filtering unit of the filter cartridge, made in the form of a cylindrical shell, containing successively installed downstream of the liquid being cleaned: a grid-divider; a composition from a mixture of granular sorbents; a layer of non-woven fabric, while the composition of the mixture of granular sorbents consists of silver-containing activated carbon with a concentration of Ag from 0.05 to 5.0 wt.% and with a grain size of 0.6 ÷ 1.7 mm and activated carbon with a grain size of 0.3 ÷ 0.6 mm and carboxyl-containing cation exchangers in the following ratio of components, vol.%:! Silver-containing activated carbon with a grain size of 0.6 ÷ 1.7 mm 20 ÷ 50 Activated carbon with a grain size of 0.3 ÷ 0.6 mm 20 ÷ 50 Carboxyl-containing cation exchangers 5 ÷ 40,! and the nonwoven fabric layer is made either of cation exchange fiber, or of ampholytic ion-exchange fiber, or of anion-exchange fiber, or of fiber that does not have ion-exchange properties, as well as mixtures of the above fibers and is made according to the size of the inner cross section of the filter cartridge. ! 2. The filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-woven fabric layer has a sealed connection to the filter cartridge shell. ! 3. The filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber without ion-exchange properties is selected from the range: viscose, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide. ! 4. The filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of the nonwoven fabric is 3 ÷ 15 vol.% Of the composition of granular sorbents. ! 5. The filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the node further comprises a seal along the flow of the liquid to be cleaned after the layer of non-woven fabric

Description

The utility model is designed to produce benign drinking water and can be used as part of a replaceable filter cartridge for treating drinking water from a water supply system and freshwater sources.

The technical result is the provision of effective water purification from heavy metals, active chlorine and organochlorine compounds.

A known filter cartridge [RU 2236279], comprising a purified water supply unit connected to a filter mounting unit connected to a filtration unit connected to a purified water outlet unit, the filtration unit of which is made in the form of a shell filled with a mixture of adsorbent components located between the bottom and top nets.

The disadvantage is that the cartridge does not provide effective purification of water from heavy metals, active chlorine and organochlorine compounds.

The second disadvantage is the high probability of leaching finely dispersed adsorbent components with purified water through the lower mesh.

Adsorption material for treating drinking water may consist of layers of sorbents or mixtures thereof.

In the prior art, it is widely known to use a combination of ion-exchange resins and activated carbon for the combined purification of water from cations of heavy metals (copper, mercury, cadmium, lead, iron, etc.) and anions (nitrates, sulfates, chlorides, etc.);

Known filter material [RU 2019265] containing activated carbon fiber, ion exchange fiber, fibrous material or paper and for the purification of drinking water with a high content of organic substances, the material also contains activated carbon. The specified material allows to achieve high efficiency of drinking water purification also from heavy metal ions - Cu (+2), Co (+2), Zn (+2), Cd (+5), phenol and active chlorine.

However, the disadvantage of the material is the relatively low total exchange capacity, which is characteristic of selective sorbents, such as activated carbon fibers and ion-exchange fibers.

To increase the resource, it is customary to use high-capacity carboxyl-containing cation exchangers [US 5250187]. But the use of cation exchange resins primarily leads to a decrease in the content of calcium and magnesium, while worsening other indicators or in combination with activated carbon material, leads to the purification of drinking water only from organic impurities.

The use of a mixture of anion-exchange and cation-exchange resins [US 4190532], on the contrary, makes it difficult to remove impurities of organic substances.

Known adsorption material [RU 2040949] containing successive layers of granular activated carbon, carbon fiber material and an iodine-containing anion exchange resin.

The disadvantage is the layer-by-layer packaging of material for treating drinking water, which leads to the appearance of large numbers of channels for the passage of impurities and does not provide high efficiency for treating drinking water.

Known composite adsorption material [RU 2132729] for filtering water treatment based on granular activated carbon, characterized in that it further comprises activated carbon fibers that densely fill the volume between the activated carbon granules, the average diameter of the activated carbon granules being an order of magnitude larger than the average diameter activated carbon fibers, and the diameter of the smallest granules of activated carbon exceeds the diameter of the largest activated carbon fibers by at least m D 2 times.

The filtering properties of such a material provide reduced flow resistance and improved adsorption properties according to the degree of purification of water from heavy metals and organic impurities.

The disadvantage is the relatively low total exchange capacity of activated carbons constituting the composite material.

Known adsorption material for treating drinking water [RU 2162010], consisting of a mixture of granular activated carbon, granular ion-exchange resin and ion-exchange fiber, it contains carboxyl-containing and / or phosphorus-containing cation exchangers as granular ion-exchange resin, and a polyampholytic fiber based on ion-exchange fiber polyacrylonitrile with a sorption capacity for acid groups of at least 1 meq / g, vol.%: granular activated carbon - 20 ÷ 50, carboxyl-containing and / or phosphorus-containing e cation - 5 ÷ 40 polyampholytic fiber based on polyacrylonitrile - 10 ÷ 60.

The disadvantage of the invention is the lack of cleaning efficiency due to the use of fibrous material, which must be tightly packed, and this leads to an increase in hydraulic resistance.

The second disadvantage is the lack of bacteriostatic effect, i.e. prevent the growth of bacteria inside the adsorption material.

Known filter material of the filtration unit of the filter cartridge, to reduce the content, destruction or removal of bacteria and viruses [US 2009008323]. The material of said filter is at least partially formed from a mixture of mesoporous and microporous activated carbon particles, some of which are coated with silver.

The filtering properties of such a material provide reduced resistance to flow, however, it does not provide an adequate degree of purification of water from heavy metals and organic impurities due to the low total exchange capacity of activated carbons.

The closest in technical essence and the result achieved using the filtering unit of the filter cartridge of the known utility model [RU 74822] (prototype), which is made in the form of a shell filled with a mixture of adsorbing components, a mesh is installed above the filtration unit, and between the filtration unit and the output node The purified water has an additional filtration unit in the form of a grid with layers of a non-woven filter cloth made of ion-exchange fiber.

The simplicity of the design of the filter cartridge as a whole allows to increase the reliability and convenience of its operation and to ensure effective purification of water containing high concentrations of, for example, iron, however, to remove heavy metals, active chlorine and organochlorine compounds throughout the claimed resource, prevent the growth of bacteria and improve hydrodynamic Characteristics required to further improve the composition of a mixture of absorbent components.

The technical task is to develop a filtration unit for a filter cartridge for domestic water purification with the possibility of ensuring the stability of the degree of removal of heavy metals, active chlorine and organochlorine compounds throughout the declared resource, as well as preventing the multiplication of bacteria in the filtration unit.

Declared as a useful model, the filtration unit of the filter cartridge is aimed at improving the hydrodynamic characteristics of cleaning by using adsorbent components in the mixture, firstly, granular sorbents, and secondly of different particle size distribution, due to which the optimal packing density is achieved.

The choice of nonwoven fabric material allows us to adapt a utility model for treating drinking water from various sources, and the presence of silver in a mixture of granular sorbents prevents the growth of bacteria in the filtration unit.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed site filtering the filter cartridge, made in the form of a cylindrical shell, containing sequentially installed in the flow of the cleaned liquid: mesh-divider; a composition from a mixture of granular sorbents; a layer of nonwoven fabric, while the composition of the mixture of granular sorbents consists of silver-containing activated carbon with an Ag concentration of 0.05 to 5.0 wt.% and with a grain size of 0.6 ÷ 1.7 mm and activated carbon with a grain size of 0.3 ÷ 0.6 mm and carboxyl-containing cation exchangers in the following ratio of components , vol.%:

Silver Activated Carbon

with granule size 0.6 ÷ 1.7 mm - 20 ÷ 50;

Activated carbon

with granule size 0.3 ÷ 0.6 mm - 20 ÷ 50; Carboxyl-containing cation exchangers - 5 ÷ 40,

and the nonwoven fabric layer is made either of cation exchange fiber, or of ampholytic ion-exchange fiber, or of anion-exchange fiber, or of fiber that does not have ion-exchange properties, as well as mixtures of the above fibers and is made according to the size of the inner cross section of the filter cartridge.

It is advisable that the layer of nonwoven fabric has a tight connection with the shell of the filter cartridge.

It is also advisable that the fiber that does not have ion-exchange properties is selected from the range: viscose, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide.

It is possible that the content of the nonwoven fabric is 3 ÷ 15 vol.% Of the composition of granular sorbents.

It is desirable that the flow of the liquid to be cleaned after the layer of non-woven fabric, the node additionally contained a sealing grid.

The essence of the proposed filtration unit is that to increase the efficiency of drinking water purification in a mixture of adsorbing components, granular sorbents of various particle size distribution are used, due to which the optimal packing density is achieved and the hydrodynamic characteristics are improved.

The carboxyl cation exchange resin contained in the mixture removes hardness ions: calcium and magnesium, which are contained in large quantities in water - their content in water ranges from tens to hundreds of mg / l, thereby ensuring the selectivity of the nonwoven fabric layer for additional removal of organic substances and heavy ions metals present in water in small amounts from mg to hundredths of a mg per liter.

The presence of silver in the composition of a mixture of granular sorbents prevents biofouling of the material, i.e. creates a bacteriostatic effect.

The choice of non-woven fabric material allows you to adapt a utility model for the purification of drinking water from various sources.

The tightening of the non-woven fabric layer does not allow part of the water to bypass the filter material between the walls of the cylindrical shell of the cartridge and the fabric itself, which increases the degree of purification.

The utility model is illustrated in FIG.

In FIG. presents a schematic diagram of the filtration unit of the filter cartridge, on which: 1 - a cylindrical shell of the filter cartridge; 2 - grid-divider; 3 - composition of a mixture of granular sorbents; 4 - layer of non-woven fabric, 5 - sealing mesh.

The use of a grid-divider allows you to distribute the flow of purified water throughout the cross section of the filter cartridge and to prevent leaching of the mixture of granular sorbents from the filtration unit.

Using a composition from a mixture of granular sorbents allows you to purify water from active chlorine, organic and organochlorine compounds, pesticides, petroleum products, unpleasant odors and tastes. The carboxyl cation exchange resin contained in the mixture reduces water hardness and toxic metal content. The presence of silver in the granular sorbent prevents biofouling of the material, i.e. creates a bacteriostatic effect.

Using a layer of non-woven fabric allows you to further remove heavy metal ions, as well as to protect purified water from suspended finely dispersed impurities.

Sealing mesh contributes to the formation of flow at the outlet of the filtration unit.

The filtering node operates as follows (Fig.).

The purified water enters the cylindrical shell (1) of the filter cartridge, passes through a grid-divider (2), where water is distributed over the entire cross section of the filter cartridge. Then the water passes through the composition from a mixture of granular sorbents (3), where it is purified from active chlorine, organic and organochlorine compounds, pesticides, oil products, unpleasant odors and tastes. The carboxyl cation exchange resin contained in the mixture reduces water hardness and heavy metal content. The presence of silver in the composition of granular sorbents prevents biofouling of the material, i.e. creates a bacteriostatic effect. Next, the purified water falls on the layer (4) of the non-woven filter cloth, where suspended fine particles are retained and additional selective cleaning takes place.

At the outlet of the filtration unit, water passes through the sealing grid (5).

The following is an example of achieving a technical result when using the inventive filtering unit of a filter cartridge with a capacity of 6 dm ³ / h. The example illustrates, but does not limit the application of the proposed filtering node.

As an example, below are the data from the protocol for laboratory studies of water samples from the centralized water supply system of Moscow artificially contaminated with the studied pollutants, before and after using the inventive filtration unit.

Example 1

The composition of the mixture of granular sorbents, vol.%:

Silver Activated Carbon

with granule size 0.6 ÷ 1.7 mm fifty;

Activated carbon

with granule size 0.3 ÷ 0.6 mm twenty; Carboxyl-containing cation exchangers thirty;

Ampholytic canvas - 5 vol.% Of the composition of granular sorbents.

Indicator Water before passing through the sorption filter material Water after passing through a sorption filter material SanPiN norm 2.1.4.1074-01 Hardness, mEq / dm ³ 3.75 0.18 7.0 Iron, mg / dm ³ 0.8 0.12 0.3 Copper, mg / dm ³ 2.1 0,080 1,0 Mercury, mg / dm ³ 0.005 <0.0001 0,0005 Cadmium, mg / dm ³ 0.004 0,0002 0.001 Lead, mg / dm ³ 0.06 <0.0001 0,03 Free chlorine, mg / dm ³ 1,2 0,084 0.3-0.5 Phenol, mg / dm ³ 0.01 <0.0001 0.001 Chloroform, mg / dm ³ 0.4 <0.005 0.2 Benzene, mg / DM ³ 0.05 0.0013 0.01 gamma-HCH (lindane), mg / dm ³ 0.01 <0.0001 0.002 Sulfates, mg / dm ³ 670 151 500 Nitrates, mg / DM ³ 74,2 22 45 Chlorides, mg / dm ³ 410 312 350

Example 2

The composition of the mixture of granular sorbents, vol.%:

Silver Activated Carbon

with granule size 0.6 ÷ 1.7 mm twenty;

Activated carbon

with granule size 0.3 ÷ 0.6 mm fifty; Carboxyl-containing cation exchangers thirty;

Anion-exchange cloth - 5% vol. From the composition of granular sorbents.

Indicator Water before passing through the sorption filter material Water after passing through a sorption filter material SanPiN norm 2.1.4.1074-01 Hardness, mEq / dm ³ 3.75 0.11 7.0 Iron, mg / dm ³ 0.8 0.13 0.3 Copper, mg / dm ³ 2.1 0.09 1,0 Mercury, mg / dm ³ 0.005 <0.0001 0,0005 Cadmium, mg / dm ³ 0.004 <0.0001 0.001 Lead, mg / dm ³ 0.06 0,0009 0,03 Free chlorine, mg / dm ³ 1,2 0.04 0.3-0.5 Phenol, mg / dm ³ 0.01 0.0001 0.001 Chloroform, mg / dm ³ 0.4 <0.005 0.2 Benzene, mg / DM ³ 0.05 <0.0001 0.01 gamma-HCH (lindane), mg / dm ³ 0.01 <0.0001 0.002 Sulfates, mg / dm ³ 670 114 500 Nitrates, mg / DM ³ 74,2 eighteen 45 Chlorides, mg / dm ³ 410 302 350

Declared as a useful model, the filtration unit of the filter cartridge allows to improve the hydrodynamic characteristics of cleaning due to the use of adsorbent components in the mixture, firstly, granular sorbents, and secondly, different particle size distribution, due to which the optimal packing density is achieved.

The choice of nonwoven fabric material allows us to adapt a utility model for treating drinking water from various sources, and the presence of silver in a mixture of granular sorbents prevents the growth of bacteria in the filtration unit.

Claims (5)

1. The filtering unit of the filter cartridge, made in the form of a cylindrical shell, containing successively installed downstream of the liquid being cleaned: a grid-divider; a composition from a mixture of granular sorbents; a layer of non-woven fabric, while the composition of the mixture of granular sorbents consists of silver-containing activated carbon with a concentration of Ag from 0.05 to 5.0 wt.% and with a grain size of 0.6 ÷ 1.7 mm and activated carbon with a grain size of 0.3 ÷ 0.6 mm and carboxyl-containing cation exchangers in the following ratio of components, vol.%: Silver Activated Carbon with a granule size of 0.6 ÷ 1.7 mm  20 ÷ 50 Activated carbon with a granule size of 0.3 ÷ 0.6 mm  20 ÷ 50 Carboxyl-containing cation exchangers  5 ÷ 40, and the nonwoven fabric layer is made either of cation exchange fiber, or of ampholytic ion-exchange fiber, or of anion-exchange fiber, or of fiber that does not have ion-exchange properties, as well as mixtures of the above fibers and is made according to the size of the inner cross section of the filter cartridge. 2. The filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-woven fabric layer has a sealed connection to the filter cartridge shell. 3. The filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber without ion-exchange properties is selected from the range: viscose, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide. 4. The filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of the nonwoven fabric is 3 ÷ 15 vol.% Of the composition of granular sorbents. 5. The filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the node further comprises a sealing mesh in the flow of the liquid to be cleaned after the non-woven fabric layer.