RU168989U1 - MARKER DEVICE FOR AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY - Google Patents

Abstract

The marker device for agricultural machinery (hereinafter referred to as the device) refers to devices for marking the route and can be used in various seeders, agricultural units, complexes and is designed to reduce energy costs. The device includes a highway, a switch, two autonomous channels. The result is achieved due to the fact that at the end of each of the two autonomous channels there is a nozzle connected to the autonomous channel. trinity is achieved due to the fact that the output of each nozzle is connected to its output channel, which together with the device can reduce energy costs.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

This technical solution relates to devices for marking the route and can be used in various seeders, agricultural units and complexes.

State of the art

An analogue of this technical solution is a marker device for agricultural machinery (hereinafter referred to as the device) used in the Kverneland DG trailed seeder - working width 9.12 (m) (supplier of Kverneland Group CIS LLC, 123557, Moscow, 28 Tikshinsky Lane, bldg. 1, +7 (495) 6632475. The disadvantage of this device is the increased energy consumption due to the increased weight, as well as the large friction forces that occur when it comes into contact with the soil.

The next analogue is the device used in the MEGA - METROMEGA mechanical seeder (MASCHIO GASPARDO) - working width 12 m. Official dealer: POVOLZHETEHSERVICE LLC, Penza, ul. Austrina, 63, t. (8412) 30-68-56. The disadvantage of this device is similar to the previous model.

Other analogs of the devices used in the seeder for sowing seeds of agricultural crops, described in paragraph 3 of the patent formula for the invention No. 2004123354 of July 30, 2004, and the sowing combination unit in the patent for invention No. 2411708 of October 29, 2007, have the same disadvantages as all of the above analogues.

Another analogue is the device used in the Citan and Citan 12001-C seeders - working widths of 8, 9, 12, 15 (m). Production of CJSC Eurotehnika, 443044, Samara, ul. Trunk, VOG, tel. +7 (846) 9314093, a flaw which is the same as the previous model.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed technical solution is a "marker device for agricultural machinery", utility model patent No. 138458, priority dated October 14, 2013 (hereinafter referred to as the prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype:

- insufficient pressure of the air stream at the outlet of the device does not allow the use of this device in wide-seeders (8, 9, 12, 15 (m)), as well as in seeders with a working width of 6 m or less (with large compressor wear), which does not reduce energy costs.

Utility Model Disclosure

The purpose of creating the proposed technical solutions is to reduce energy costs (hereinafter referred to as energy costs).

In addition, the proposed technical solutions will allow: to reduce the weight of devices, and therefore the weight of seeders, aggregates, complexes, including by eliminating the hydraulic cylinders for lifting (lowering) the devices and metal (metal-rubber) pipelines connecting the hydraulic cylinders to the general hydraulic system of the unit (seeder complex); increase the tractor pulling force due to the lack of mechanical contact of the devices with the soil and the reduction of their weight and the weight of seeders, aggregates, complexes; reduce the time for maintenance and repair, as it will not be necessary to periodically lubricate bearings and other parts, as well as change them, eliminate leaks in the hydraulic system, including hydraulic cylinders for raising markers; to increase the reliability of devices, and therefore seed drills, complexes, aggregates; exclude lubricant (included in the lubrication of devices); reduce the amount of hydraulic fluid used by the hydraulic system; create convenience in management; increase the capacity of the hopper or the width of the seeders, complexes, aggregates; to increase the productivity of sowing complexes, aggregates, seeders due to the lack of raising (lowering) of markers; reduce energy resources by eliminating breakdowns of markers caused by stresses caused by contact of disks with soil (since restoration of broken parts and assemblies requires additional energy resources); significantly increase the pressure of the air leaving the device; receive a trace from the device with a worn tractor compressor; get additional savings through the use of the optimal pressure setting mode.

By using the optimal pressure setting mode, it is understood that the pressure regulator of the tractor receiver sets, for example, MTZ-80, the minimum pressure necessary to obtain the dimensions of the groove (track) using the pressure gauge.

The technical solutions indicated in the prototype do not allow their use in seeders with a working width of 8, 9 (m) (hereinafter, wide-seeders) because of the insufficient pressure created by the prototype. This is caused by a large loss of air pressure, due to long pneumatic lines (due to the large width of the seeders), their bends, various butt joints, etc. That does not provide the necessary dimensions of the groove (trace) obtained from the prototype. For the same reason, it is not possible to use the prototype in seeders with a working width of 6 m or less with large wear on the compressor (because with the wear of the compressor, the pressure it emits will decrease and the pressure will not be enough to form the necessary track sizes).

Wide-seeders used today, as well as seeders with a working width of 6 meters or less, incorporate mechanical markers (devices for creating a footprint on the soil), which have load-bearing structures on which there are brackets in which the axes of the disks are located. These load-bearing structures are connected by levers to the rods of hydraulic cylinders that raise and lower the markers. The designs of wide-seeder devices are similar to the designs of seeders with a working width of 6 meters or less, which today have dozens of parts.

The weight of the wide-seeder devices due to the large working width and the reinforced supporting structure significantly exceeds the weight of the seeder devices with a working width of 6 meters. In addition, the length of the wide-seeder devices significantly exceeds the length of the seeder devices with a working width of 6 meters, which, in combination with the increased weight of the wide-seeder devices, increases the friction forces when the device contacts the soil (which exceed the friction forces that occur in seeders with a working width of 6 meters or less ) With an increase in the working width of wide-seeders, the length of their devices increases by meters, and their weight increases by tens of kilograms (compared to seeders with a working width of 6 m or less). Which makes it necessary to use hydraulic cylinders for lifting (lowering) devices of greater power and, accordingly, greater weight, dimensions and increased oil consumption in wide-seeder planters. Which requires an increase in the used power, the use of more powerful tractors, and therefore a significant increase in energy consumption. Which ultimately involves the use of devices that allow you to get a significantly higher pressure at the outlet of the device than the prototype, and taking into account air losses due to the long lengths of pneumatic lines or compressor wear. As in the prototype, in the proposed technical solutions during operation there is no mechanical contact with the soil, and the trace from the device will be obtained as a result of a directed air flow under pressure on the soil. The air pressure of the prototype is limited by the compressor power and does not have devices that increase air pressure in its designs. The proposed technical solution allows to increase the air pressure by 2.5 or more times, which makes it possible to use them in wide-seeders, as well as in seeders with a working width of 6 m or less, using a more economical mode of operation. Which ultimately more significantly reduces energy consumption in seeders, sowing complexes, units than in the prototype. Which does not allow to make any of the technical solutions of the prototype.

The proposed technical solutions in comparison with the technical solutions indicated in the prototype allow to obtain:

- the pressure of the air leaving the device is several times higher and due to this, more significantly reduce energy consumption;

- additional reduction in energy consumption through the use of the optimal pressure setting mode, as well as the other above advantages.

To obtain the above technical results, a device design is proposed that includes a trunk, a switch, two autonomous channels. Technical results are achieved due to the fact that at the end of each of the two autonomous channels there is a nozzle connected to an autonomous channel, which can significantly increase the pressure of the air leaving the device, which in turn makes it possible to use it in wide-seeder, replacing existing mechanical markers and reduce energy costs. What does not allow the design of the prototype, because at the end of each of the two autonomous channels of the prototype there is no nozzle located there, connected to the autonomous channel.

BSPTFA-PP15 весом 120 г с высокоскоростным интенсивным потоком высокого давления с производительностью при 0,7 атм - 194 л/мин; при 2 атм - 358 л/мин; при 4 атм - 587 л/мин; при 6 атм - 817 л/мин.Currently, a number of different nozzles are being produced, allowing to increase the power of the air stream by 2.5 or more times. For example, the company “WORTH GROUP” (www.wuerth.ru, Würth-Rus, plus 7 (495) 50570071) supplies nozzle nozzles with 9 holes. The mass of one nozzle is 20 g. Tykon LLC, 121614, Moscow, ul. Krylatsky Hills 35, bldg. 1 supplies nozzles - air nozzles, for example

BSPTFA-PP15 weighing 120 g with a high-speed intense high-pressure flow with a productivity of 0.7 atm - 194 l / min; at 2 atm - 358 l / min; at 4 atm - 587 l / min; at 6 atm - 817 l / min.

Using one of the above nozzles in the proposed device, placing them at the end of each of the two autonomous channels (a hose, pipe, etc. can be used as an autonomous channel), connecting them to the autonomous channels at the end, which through a switch, for example, air valve type B71-22 (supplier NPO SD Technogress, Sverdlovsk Region, Yekaterinburg, N. Onufrieva, 55; tel. (343) 361-55-98, (343) 361-85-99; info @ 99 -t / ru) or another) and the trunk (which can be used as a hose, pipe, etc.) are connected for example r, to the receiver of the MTZ-80 tractor we get pressure at the exit from the nozzle (due to the design features of the nozzle) several times higher than the pressure of 7.3-7.5 (atm.), issued, for example, by the compressor of the MTZ-80 tractor. What allows you to get: the pressure of the air leaving the proposed device is higher than that of the prototype and due to this, more significantly reduce energy consumption for wide-seeders and for seeders with a working width of 6 m or less; additional reduction in energy costs through the use of the optimal pressure setting mode. Seeders of the prototype (with a working width of 6 m) do not allow to use the optimal pressure setting mode, because due to pressure loss due to the long length of the pneumatic lines (approximately 2 m from the pressure source to the exit from the tractor cab, for example, MTZ-80, plus approximately 5 m - from the tractor cab to the extreme opener of a 6 m working width of the seeder, plus the take-off length of the holder of the autonomous channel (hose, sleeve, etc.) 2.73 m) and wear of the compressor working elements. Total total length of one pneumatic line is 9.73 m (with a row spacing of 0.25 m and a distance between the middle of the front wheels of 0.8 m). The extension length of the holder of the autonomous channel (hose, sleeve, etc.) is the distance from the center of the extreme opener of the seeder to the center of the nozzle hole (or the center of the hole of the output channel, if this is an embodiment of the device). For wide-seeders, the length of one pneumatic line increases even more significantly. According to information from the INTERNET system (Blasting: “The main elements of an abrasive system”), the pressure loss for our length of pneumatic lines can be up to 0.0721 MPa plus the pressure loss from bends is 0.0101 MPa from each bend, and we have 5 and it turns out 0.0505 MPa, which will total 0.1226 MPA. Even without considering the pressure loss in various connections, that is, with a new compressor, the prototype works at its limit (in the sense that there is hardly enough pressure to get a groove). There is a certain fleet of tractors where the compressor creates a pressure of not more than 0.4 MPa (a worn compressor). The experimental work carried out at the MTZ-80 tractor at this pressure with the device without nozzles showed that the required groove size is not obtained. Thus, the prototype does not allow the use of the optimal pressure mode, operation with a worn compressor, and, therefore, cannot be used in wide-seeders, and therefore receive a reduction in energy consumption.

As a switch, for example, a valve valve type B71-22, or a pneumatic valve, or a valve with a different control system, etc. can be used. If, for example, a crane valve type B71-22 is used as a switch, then it will be located in the tractor cab. Each working output of the switch will be connected to a fitting on which a hose (stand-alone channel) can be put on and secured with a clamp or other structural element. The second ends of the hoses (autonomous channels) are connected to the nozzles. In the above example, the second end of the highway can be connected, for example, to the receiver, due to which the air flow passing through the highway, the switch, one of the autonomous channels and the nozzle, acts on the soil, forming a trace on it. The switch is used to connect the highway and autonomous channels, as well as alternately switching channels with the aim of supplying and directing air, either through one independent channel with a nozzle, or in another. The switches can have pneumatic, mechanical, electro-pneumatic, electromagnetic and other controls. The switch can be located both inside and outside the tractor cab. Everything will depend on the layout and design of the switch. The line is designed to connect the pressure source to the switch and supply air from the air pressure source to the switch. Autonomous channels are designed to connect the switch to the nozzles and provide air movement from the switch to the nozzles. Nozzles are designed to connect with autonomous channels, to enhance the air flow and its subsequent direct impact on the soil to form a footprint on the soil. Due to the fact that at the end of each of the two autonomous channels there is a nozzle, the weakened air pressure connected to the autonomous channel due to various losses, including the long lengths of the autonomous channels of wide-seeding seeders, is significantly increased when entering the nozzle. Coming out of the nozzle, a reinforced stream of air acts on the soil, forming a trail. What the prototype does not allow, since it does not have a nozzle (pressure amplifier) located at the end of the autonomous channel and connected to it. That is, the highway, switch, autonomous channels and nozzles are connected structurally into a single device in interaction with each other, and also due to the fact that at the end of each of the two autonomous channels there is a nozzle connected to an autonomous channel and provide the solution to the same problem as and mechanical devices: leave a mark on the soil, as well as reduce energy costs and obtain additional technical results indicated above. Analysis of the above structural elements of the proposed device shows that any of its elements cannot work autonomously to obtain a trace on the soil, just as the absence of one of the structural elements makes it inoperative. Therefore, only in the presence of all structural elements that are interconnected with each other (significant differences) and allows you to reduce energy consumption and get other technical results indicated above.

The embodiment of the device has the same composition as the main version. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the output of each nozzle is connected to its output channel, and also due to the fact that at the end of each of the two autonomous channels there is a nozzle connected to the autonomous channel. The fact that the output of each nozzle is connected to its output channel provides a minimum distance between the output channel and the soil. The output channel may be a hose, one end of which is mounted on the nozzle and secured with a clamp, and its second end is made in the form of a loop and also attached with a clamp. Before starting work, you must set the minimum distance between the end of the hose (output channel) and the soil. This is done as follows. The length of the hose (outlet channel) will be greater than the length of the hose if it touches the ground. Due to this, the hose (outlet channel) can be made in the form of a loop and fastened with, for example, a clamp at the point of contact and loop closure (by setting the minimum distance from the soil to the end of the hose in advance. In addition, the pressure of the tractor receiver is set to minimum pressure, necessary to obtain the dimensions of the trace (pressure is set by the pressure gauge), which allows you to choose the optimal pressure necessary to obtain the dimensions of the groove (trace), reduce energy consumption, more than in the main version significantly more than the prototype.

The use of the proposed significant differences (features) in the above designs will reduce energy costs and get a number of other technical results, indicated earlier. The proposed technical solutions contain new devices that are missing from the prototype: nozzles, and new elements: output channels, as well as various new connections between the elements and their relative positions (significant differences), which ultimately provides higher technical results than the prototype.

The set of distinctive features of the claimed device is not found in patent information, scientific and technical literature and manufactured products. Therefore, the proposed device has significant features and meet the condition of patentability for "novelty."

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device with one switch and two nozzles.

In FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a basic embodiment.

Utility Model Implementation

Devices (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) are designed to form a trace on the soil by the action of the pressure of the air stream on the soil. In all devices, line 1 is designed to connect the pressure source to switch 2 and supply air from the air pressure source (either directly to the tractor compressor or receiver or through some additional elements) to switch 2. Switch 2 is used to connect line 1 and autonomous channels 3, as well as alternately switching channels with the aim of supplying and directing air, either along one autonomous channel 3 with a nozzle 4, or along another. The switches 2 may have pneumatic, mechanical, electro-pneumatic, electromagnetic and other controls. Autonomous channels 3 are designed to connect the switch 2 to the nozzles 4 and provide air movement from the switch 2 to the nozzles 4. The nozzles 4 are designed to connect to the autonomous channels 3, to enhance the air flow and its subsequent direct impact on the soil to form a footprint on the soil. The output channels 5 are designed to connect with the nozzles 4 and transmit the air flow from the nozzles 4 to the soil, regulate the distance from the end of the output channel 5 to the soil and directly influence the air flow on the soil to form a trace.

That is, highway 1, switch 2, autonomous channels 3, nozzles 4, structurally connected in a single device by their above significant differences and in interaction with each other, can reduce energy consumption compared to the prototype and other analogs, as well as obtain additional technical results indicated above . This can be done because in the design of the prototype there are no new devices: nozzles 4, and also due to new relationships of structural elements and their location. The presence in the proposed devices of new devices, their location and relationships allow you to increase air pressure by 2.5 or more times, which in turn allows you to use the proposed technical devices in wide seed drills and reduce energy consumption. In addition, the proposed technical solutions can further save energy by regulating the pressure using the pressure regulator on the tractor receiver. That is, using the pressure regulator, you can set the minimum (optimal) pressure, which allows you to obtain the necessary dimensions of the groove (trace).

The device of the main version (Fig. 1) contains a highway 1, switch 2, two autonomous channels 3. Technical results are achieved due to the fact that at the end of each of the two autonomous channels 3 there is a nozzle 4 connected to the autonomous channel 3.

When the device (Fig. 1) is in working condition, then one end, for example, of the hose (line 1) of the device (Fig. 1) is dressed, for example, on the fitting of the tractor receiver and secured to it, for example, with a clamp or other fixing element. The other end of the hose (line 1) is dressed on a fitting, also fixed by a fastening element, and the fitting is screwed into switch 2, which, for example, can be used as a valve distributor B71-22, etc. Each working output of switch 2 (and there will be two) will be connected to a fitting on which a hose can be put on (stand-alone channel 3), which is fixed with a clamp or other structural element. The second ends of these hoses (autonomous channels 3) can be dressed on pipes and secured with clamps or other fasteners. Options may be different. Each pipe (stand-alone channel 3) with a nozzle 4 mounted on it, for example, BSPTFA-PP15 will be mounted on a seeder (for example, a clamp) and will protrude beyond its width at a distance necessary to find a groove (track). The design of the connection of the autonomous channels 3 and nozzles 4, as well as the autonomous channels 3 and nozzles 4 may be different. Switch 2 can be located both inside and outside the tractor cab. Everything will depend on the layout and design of switch 2. Having prepared the equipment for work and checking its working condition, the tractor operator starts the tractor, turns the control handle of switch 2, if it is, for example, the I71-22 crane pneumatic distributor to the left, connecting part of the air flow coming out, for example, from the receiver of the MTZ-80 tractor through, for example, a hose (line 1), through a valve valve (switch 2) through, for example, a pipe (first autonomous channel 3), with a nozzle 4, for example, BSPTFA-PP15. In this case, air with a certain pressure, leaving the nozzle 4, acts on the soil with its jet, leaving a groove on it. At this time, the second channel of the B71-22 crane valve (switch 2) is blocked and part of the air flow from, for example, the tractor receiver through line 1 and the B71-22 valve valve (switch 2) does not enter the second stand-alone channel 3. After the tractor driver has sowed the first lane of the field to the end; he is turning in order to sow the next lane adjacent to the first. At this moment, he turns the same control handle of the B71-22 air valve (switch 2) in the opposite direction. In this case, the air flow from, for example, the receiver through the highway 1, the pneumatic distributor (switch 2), the second autonomous channel 3 is connected to the second nozzle 4, while shutting off the first autonomous channel 3 for air access using the same pneumatic distributor (switch 2). At the same time, air with a certain pressure, leaving nozzle 4 (for example, BSPTFA-PP15), acts on the soil with its jet, leaving a groove on it. And then the cycle repeats. What the design of the prototype does not allow, because at the end of each of the two autonomous channels 3 there is no nozzle 4 located there, connected to the autonomous channel 3, which allows to obtain a pressure 2.5 times higher than that of the prototype and to reduce energy consumption more than what the prototype allows .

Analysis of the above elements of the proposed design shows that any of these elements cannot work autonomously to obtain a trace on the soil. Only in the assembly and in the interconnection of the above structural elements is it possible to obtain the above technical results.

The execution of the main variant of the device (Fig. 2) has the same composition and as the device of the first variant (Fig. 1). Technical results are achieved due to the fact that the output of each nozzle 4 is connected to its output channel 5, and also due to the fact that at the end of each of the two autonomous channels 3 there is a nozzle 4 connected to the autonomous channel 3. This design solution allows you to set the minimum the distance between the output channel 5 and the soil. And in conjunction with the nozzles 4 located at the end of each of the two autonomous channels 3, connected to the autonomous channels 3, it is possible to set the minimum pressure necessary to obtain the dimensions of the groove (trace). That will further reduce energy consumption, more than in the main version (Fig. 1) of the device and significantly more than that of the prototype. The device (Fig. 2) - the execution of the main variant works the same as the device of the first variant (Fig. 1). The difference is as follows. The output channel 5 may be a hose, one end of which is mounted on the nozzle 4 and secured, for example, with a clamp, and its second end is made in the form of a loop and is also attached with a clamp. Before starting work, you must set the minimum distance between the end of the hose (output channel 5) and the soil. This is done as follows. The length of the hose (outlet channel 5) will be greater than the length of the hose if it touches the ground. Due to this, the hose (output channel 5) can be made in the form of a loop and secure it, for example, with a collar at the point of contact and closure of the loop (setting the minimum distance from the soil to the end of the hose in advance). In addition, the pressure regulator of the receiver of the tractor sets the minimum pressure necessary to obtain the dimensions of the track (the pressure is set by the manometer).

The highway 1, switch (s) 2, autonomous channels 3, nozzles 4, and output channels 5 used in the proposed designs are today supplied by various enterprises (indicated above) and assembled using a universal tool (wrenches, screwdrivers, etc.). Assembled, all the proposed devices without technical problems are connected to the pneumatic system of the tractor, and placed on wide-seeders. Which corresponds to the patentability condition for “industrial applicability”.

The use of the proposed significant differences (features) in the above design options and their versions will reduce energy costs and get a number of other technical results, indicated earlier. The proposed technical solutions contain new devices that are absent from the prototype: nozzles 4, new elements: output channels 5, as well as different new connections between the elements and their relative positions (significant differences), which ultimately provides higher technical results than the prototype.

The set of distinctive features of the claimed devices is not found in patent information, scientific and technical literature and manufactured products. Therefore, the proposed device has significant features and meet the condition of patentability for "novelty."

Claims (2)

1. Marker device for agricultural machinery, including a trunk, switch, two autonomous channels, characterized in that at the end of each of the two autonomous channels there is a nozzle connected to an autonomous channel. 2. Marker device for agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of each nozzle is connected to its output channel.

Images