RU163571U1 - ELECTROSTATIC SMOKING PRODUCT DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Device for electrostatic smoking of products, containing a chamber in which a holder for the processed product is located, corona electrodes mounted on both sides of the holder, directed towards the holder, a smoke generator, a control unit, characterized in that the camera body is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with heat insulating walls and a hinged door with a gasket and zadraki, the smoke generator is installed externally and an opening for the possibility of introducing smoke the mixture was made in the lower part of the chamber wall, a pipe for exhausting the exhaust smoke mixture is installed in the roof of the chamber, and at least one fan for the possibility of supplying clean air is located in the lower part of the wall, the elements for accommodating the processed products are used as an electrode and are located in the upper parts, and the panels of the corona electrodes are placed vertically and connected to a high voltage source, and elements of electrical control and control are also placed outside. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the corona electrodes are made of sheet steel panels with corona triangular needles cut from the same sheet at two edges and bent at an angle from 80 ° to 90 °, the distance between the needles is from 40 to 60 mm, needle length from 15 to 45 mm. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the corona electrodes are removably fixed directly to the wall of the chamber and the door and are connected to the electrical system by an easily removable connection using a high-voltage electric cable. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet pipe exhaust waste air mixture

Description

The utility model relates to the food industry, and in particular to installations for drying, drying, heat treatment and smoking of food products.

Known electro-smoking installation described in the patent for invention No. 2305945 of the Russian Federation, published on 10.08.2006, IPC index А23В 4/056.

The electro-smoking installation contains a chamber, a smoke generator located in it, a positive electrode and negatively charged corona needles mounted on two side panels, and in the chamber there are stands for the material to be smoked parallel to each other, while the positive electrode is placed between the stand and beyond their limits, and the positive electrode is installed with the possibility of movement along the camera to one of the panels with negatively charged corona needles.

The positive electrode is fixed by means of sliders on the rails.

The positive electrode is connected by a spring-loaded sliding contact with a metal conductor strip

The disadvantages of the analogue are the lack of the possibility of cold drying and cold smoking, since the smoke generator is located in the smokehouse cavity and produces smoke when the electric heater is turned on, so that heat enters the smokehouse cavity and there is no forced ventilation.

Known patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2125371 published on 01/27/1999, IPC index А23В 4/056, which describes the method of electrostatic smoking of products by placing the product between the corona electrodes in the form of needles directed at the workpiece from two sides and feeding the smoke flows smoke to the corona electrodes, and the streams of smoke are fed to the corona electrodes-needles through cavities with obliquely mounted smoke separation shielding nets.

The temperature and the intensity of the flow of smoke smoke are controlled by a cooling radiator and periodic activation of the smoke generator heater interacting with the temperature controller.

An electrostatic field is used with an amplitude-controlled characteristic in the direction of the holder for the object to be treated.

A device for electrostatic smoking, comprising a housing in which a holder for the processed product is located, corona electrodes mounted on both sides of the holder in the form of needles directed towards the holder, a smoke generator and a smoke partition, moreover, the needles are mounted on smoke separation shielding nets, inclined with variable angles of inclination along the side walls of the housing with the formation of cavities for the passage of the smoke-air mixture, while the device contains a cooling radiator Denia smoke-air mixture control unit and a temperature regulator.

The smoke generator body is used as a cooling radiator for smoking smoke.

The control unit contains an electronic shaper of the electrostatic field, connected to the corona electrodes and a holder for the processed product with its outputs, and includes a generator with a regulator of its characteristics in amplitude, as well as a temperature controller that interacts through the optothyristors with the heating element of the smoke generator.

The temperature controller is made in the form of a temperature sensor interacting through a trigger and optothyristors with a heating element of the smoke generator.

Common essential features is that the device for electrostatic smoking of products contains a chamber in which a holder for the processed product is located, and the corona electrodes installed on both sides of the holder are directed towards the holder, a smoke generator, a control unit.

The disadvantages of the prototype is that the element for heating with a smoke generator is located in the cavity of the device’s body, and therefore it is proposed to perform cooling by an element that essentially heats the cavity, or through the external walls, which does not ensure stable operation of the device with access to a stable desired temperature It is also impossible to provide accelerated drying of the product.

The technical result is the creation of a universal device for drying, drying, electrostatic smoking of food products, reliable, simple in design, which ensures high-quality processing.

The essential features are that the device for electrostatic smoking of products contains a chamber in which a holder for the processed product is located, corona electrodes mounted on both sides of the holder, directed towards the holder, a smoke generator, a control unit, moreover, the camera body is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with heat-insulating walls and a hinged door with a gasket and zadraki, a smoke generator is installed externally and a hole for For the introduction of the smoke-air mixture, made in the lower part of the chamber wall, a pipe for exhausting the exhaust smoke-air mixture is installed in the roof of the chamber, and at least one fan, for the possibility of supplying clean air, is located in the lower part of the wall, elements for accommodating the processed products were used as an electrode and are located in the upper part, and the panels of the corona electrodes are placed vertically and connected to a high voltage source, and the elements of electrical control and counter Olya.

The corona electrodes are made of sheet steel panels with corona triangular needles cut from the same sheet at two edges and bent to an angle of 80 to 90 degrees, the distance between the needles is 40 to 60 mm, the length of the needles is 15 to 45 mm. The corona electrodes are removably fixed directly to the wall of the chamber and the door, and are connected to the electrical system by an easily removable connection using a high-voltage electric cable.

The exhaust pipe exhaust smoke mixture is made elongated with the ability to connect to the smoke channel of the building. The exhaust pipe of the exhaust smoke-air mixture has a gate valve.

An electric heater is located in the lower part of the chamber cavity. The electric heater is a tubular heating element for air.

The electric control and monitoring elements are arranged in a block and include a general switch and general short circuit protection automatics, a fan control unit, an electric shock protection element with an open door, an electrostatic switch, after which the power is supplied to a frequency line filter, and then to a thermal protector, a rectifier and a high-frequency generator, which are connected to the power switch, also the primary winding of the transformer connected to the overload protection unit is connected to the power switch, then second The transformer’s winding is connected to a high-voltage source of constant voltage, to which the positive and negative electrodes are connected.

Distinctive essential features valid in all cases is that the camera body is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with heat-insulating walls and a hinged door with a gasket and zadraki, a smoke generator is installed externally and an opening for the possibility of introducing a smoke-air mixture is made in the lower part of the chamber wall , a pipe for exhausting the exhaust smoke mixture is installed in the roof of the chamber, and not less than one fan, for the possibility of supplying clean air a, located in the lower part of the wall, the elements for accommodating the processed products were used as an electrode and located in the upper part, and the panels of the corona electrodes are placed vertically and connected to a high voltage source, and elements of electrical control and control are also placed outside.

Distinctive essential features valid in some cases is that the corona electrodes are made of sheet steel panels with corona triangular needles cut from the same sheet at two edges and bent at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees, the distance between the needles is 40 to 60 mm, the length of the needles is from 15 to 45 mm. The corona electrodes are removably fixed directly to the wall of the chamber and the door, and are connected to the electrical system by an easily removable connection using a high-voltage electric cable.

The exhaust pipe exhaust smoke mixture is made elongated with the ability to connect to the smoke channel of the building. The exhaust pipe of the exhaust smoke-air mixture has a gate valve.

An electric heater is located in the lower part of the chamber cavity. The electric heater is a tubular heating element for air.

The electric control and monitoring elements are arranged in a block and include a general switch and general short circuit protection automatics, a fan control unit, an electric shock protection element with an open door, an electrostatic switch, after which the power is supplied to a frequency line filter, and then to a thermal protector, a rectifier and a high-frequency generator, which are connected to the power switch, also the primary winding of the transformer connected to the overload protection unit is connected to the power switch, then second The transformer’s winding is connected to a high-voltage source of constant voltage, to which the positive and negative electrodes are connected.

Due to the fact that the camera body is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with heat-insulating walls and a hinged door with a gasket and zadraki, a smoke generator is installed outside and an opening for the possibility of introducing a smoke-air mixture is made in the lower part of the chamber wall, a pipe for exhausting the exhaust smoke-air mixture installed in the roof of the chamber, and not less than one fan, for the possibility of supplying clean air, is located in the lower part of the wall, elements for accommodating the process of the products used are used as an electrode and are located in the upper part, and the panels of the corona electrodes are arranged vertically and connected to a high voltage source, also there are electrical control and monitoring elements outside - a universal device for drying, drying, hot and cold electrostatic smoking of food products has been created, reliable, simple in design, which ensures high-quality processing.

In FIG. 1 shows a main view of the device;

In FIG. 2 shows a top view of the device;

In FIG. 3 shows the remote element A;

In FIG. 4 shows a view of B;

In FIG. 5 shows view B;

In FIG. 6 shows a remote element G in which the door 2 is closed;

In FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of an electrical control.

The device for electrostatic smoking of products contains a camera body 1 with a hinged door 2, the body 1 is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with heat-insulating walls 3, 4 side, and 5-back, top 6 and bottom 7, on the front edges of the walls 3, 4, 6 and 7, a sealing gasket 8 is fixed along the contour, and a hook 9 is connected to the door, which communicates with the bootlock 10 fixed to the wall 4.

The smoke generator 11 is installed externally in the hole 12 made in the lower part of the wall 4 of the camera body 1, a pipe 13 for exhausting the exhaust smoke-air mixture, installed in the upper wall 6 and has an elongated pipe outside, for the pipe to be connected to the smoke channel of the building, and the fan 14, the supply of clean air, is located in the lower part of the rear wall 5. Elements for accommodating processed products, brackets 15 and the crossbar 16 are used as an electrode and are located in the upper part of the camera body 1 .

And the panels 17 and 18 of the corona electrodes are arranged vertically and connected to a high voltage source; also, outside the housing 1 in the block 19 are placed elements of electrical control and monitoring.

The electrodes 17 and 18 are made of flat panels of sheet steel with triangular corona needles 20, cut from the same sheet at two edges and bent relative to the third edge at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees, the distance between the needles is 50 mm, the length of the needles is 35 mm.

The panels of the corona electrodes 17 and 18 are removably fixed by the plates 21, directly on the rear wall 5 of the housing of the chamber 1 and the door 2, and are connected to the electrical system by an easily removable connection using high-voltage electric cables 22 and 23.

The pipe 13, the exhaust of the exhaust smoke mixture, has a slide gate valve 24 and is configured to connect to the smoke channel of the building.

In the lower part of the chamber cavity there is a tubular heating element for the air medium - an electric heater 25.

The smoke generator 11 contains a vertical casing 26 with a top cover 27, a smoke outlet 28 located at the bottom of the casing 26, a casing 26 has an air inlet 29. The air supply pipe 30 is from a compressor 31, which is not shown structurally, but in a block diagram in FIG. 7, inserted radially into the smoke outlet 28 outside the housing 26 in the smoke supply direction, and has an air outlet inside the exhaust nozzle 28 in the smoke supply direction, and the upper cover 27 and the lower plug 32 are easily removable and close the ends of the housing 26.

Also, for technological purposes, the device includes a plug 33. The bottom of the camera body is covered with a metal plate 34, which acts as a pallet.

The door 2 is fixed on furniture hinges 35, their design is not shown, as any are suitable, and in the closed position the door is fixed by at least one zadraka 10, which contains a housing 36 that is mounted on the wall 4, a lever 37 hinged on it, and a gripper 38, which mates with a hook 9 mounted on the door 2.

The elements of electrical control and control are arranged in block 19 and contain a common switch and a common automatic short circuit protection 39, to which all consumers are connected, including a compressor 31 of the smoke generator 11, a fan control unit 40, and an electric shock protection element 41 when open door, the electrostatic switch 42, after which the power is supplied to the frequency filter 43 of the network, and then the thermal protection 44, the rectifier 45 and the high-frequency generator 46, which are connected to the power switch 47, also connected to the power switch The primary winding of the transformer 48 is connected, also connected to the overload protection unit 49, then the secondary winding of the transformer 48 is connected to a high-voltage constant voltage source 50, the outlets from which are positive 51 and negative 52 electrodes connected to the brackets 15 and the rod 16, and the other to panels 17 and 18.

In the operation of the device, first the preparation is performed:

Wood sawdust is loaded into the smoke generator 11, to the nozzle 13, to the exhaust of the flue-air mixture or moist air, the corrugated pipe is connected and connected to the building smoke duct, the compressor 31 is connected to the nozzle 30 and block 19, the plug 33 is inserted into the nozzle 28, loaded into the chamber 1 the products are intended for processing and are hung on the crossbar 16, which is connected by cable to the block 19, and the distance of the products from the electrodes 17 and 18 should be from 35 to 100 mm, and then:

door 2 is closed, zadraka is closed by 10 and the electrical control and control system of block 19 is turned on.

First, with the fan 14, with the shutter 24 open, air is supplied at maximum speed to the processed product, the electrostatic action is turned on by the switch 42, and drying accelerated by the electrostatic field occurs. Drying of the surface of the product is necessary, because when processed with cold smoke of the product, oxidation can occur and formic acid is produced, which leads to spoilage of the product.

Then, depending on the purpose of the food processing:

Or, the minimum air supply rate to the product is established and drying is performed to densify the tissue material, protein, and ripen the product.

If cold smoking is necessary, then after smoking is finished, cold smoking is performed, for which the plug 33 is removed, sawdust in the smoke generator 11 is ignited, air from the compressor 31 is supplied to the pipe 30, the fan 14 supplies a minimum amount of fresh air, the gate valve 24 is closed, and is turned on by a switch 42 electrostatic effect, which ensures rapid saturation of products with smoke.

If the goal is hot smoking of the product, then during drying the electrostatic switch 42 is turned on, and the heater 25 is additionally turned on without turning on the cold smoke generator, a plug 33 is also installed for quick processing of the product with warm air, before hot smoking. After drying is completed, door 2 is opened, the plug 33 is removed, door 2 is closed, the general switch and heater 25 are turned on again, sawdust in the smoke generator 11 is turned on and the air supply to the pipe 30 is turned on, the fan 14 is turned on at an average feed rate.

As you can see, the device is universal - it can be dried and dried and accelerated by electrostatic field cold smoking of food or hot smoking of food is performed.

When the device is operating in block 19, the voltage of the 220 V network is supplied to the line filter 43. The need for its use is due to the fact that high-frequency key converters are sources of electromagnetic radio frequency interference, which network wires radiate into the surrounding space like antennas. Current Ukrainian and foreign standards normalize the levels of radio interference generated by these devices.

After the line filter 43, the module is protected by a thermal fuse 44 from prolonged overloads that cause the power switch 47 to overheat. Next, the mains voltage is rectified and smoothed in the rectifier 45 and the high-frequency generator 46 is supplied with a constant voltage, the output of which generates a control voltage in the form of a sequence of rectangular pulses with a frequency of about 20 -55 kilohertz. These pulses control the state (open / closed) of the power high-frequency switch 47, the load of which is the primary winding of the pulse high-frequency transformer 48. As a result of switching the power key in the secondary winding of the transformer 48, a rectangular electromotive force (EMF) is induced.

The presence of feedback made it possible to protect the power switch unit 47 and the transformer 48 from failure. When the power consumption is exceeded, when the output voltage rises above the critical voltage, and also when a short circuit occurs in the load, the power switch control unit 47 automatically shuts down. After eliminating the cause of the protection, the unit starts up again. A high-frequency pulse voltage is supplied to the input of the high-voltage power supply 50, and at the output we obtain a constant value from 10 kV to 55 kV, depending on the need.

The electrostatic switch 42 completely deenergizes the elements that trigger the electrostatic function.

Thermal protection element 44 is a thermal fuse that fails when it exceeds 115 ° C, which in turn protects the dashboard from fire.

Door 2, heat-insulating side walls 3, 4 and 5-rear, upper 6 and lower 7, are made of particle boards (chipboard) in which a non-harmful binder is used, suitable for use in the food industry, which are also easy to clean and wash, and the fact that the panels of the corona electrodes 17 and 18 are easily removable makes it possible to easily maintain the necessary sanitary condition of the device.

Claims (8)

1. Device for electrostatic smoking of products, containing a chamber in which a holder for the processed product is located, corona electrodes mounted on both sides of the holder, directed towards the holder, a smoke generator, a control unit, characterized in that the camera body is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with heat insulating walls and a hinged door with a gasket and zadraki, the smoke generator is installed externally and an opening for the possibility of introducing smoke the mixture was made in the lower part of the chamber wall, a pipe for exhausting the exhaust smoke mixture is installed in the roof of the chamber, and at least one fan for the possibility of supplying clean air is located in the lower part of the wall, the elements for accommodating the processed products are used as an electrode and are located in the upper parts, and the panels of the corona electrodes are placed vertically and connected to a high voltage source, and elements of electrical control and control are also placed outside. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the corona electrodes are made of sheet steel panels with corona triangular needles cut from the same sheet at two edges and bent at an angle from 80 ° to 90 °, the distance between the needles is from 40 to 60 mm, needle length from 15 to 45 mm. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the corona electrodes are removably fixed directly to the wall of the chamber and the door and are connected to the electrical system by an easily removable connection using a high-voltage electric cable. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe outlet of the exhaust smoke mixture is made elongated with the ability to connect to the smoke channel of the building. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the exhaust pipe of the exhaust smoke mixture has a slide gate valve. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an electric heater is placed in the lower part of the chamber cavity. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the electric heater is a tubular heating element for air. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements of electrical control and monitoring are arranged in a block and include a general switch and general automatic protection against short circuit, a fan control unit, an electric shock protection element with the door open, an electrostatic switch, after which the power supply goes to the frequency line filter, and then to thermal protection, the rectifier and the high-frequency generator, which are connected with the power switch, also the primary winding of the transformer connected to the power switch with an overload protection unit, then the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to a high-voltage source of constant voltage, to which the positive and negative electrodes are connected.

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