RU158632U1 - UNIVERSAL FIRE FIGHTING INSTALLATION - Google Patents

Abstract

A universal fire extinguishing installation containing vessels in the form of pipes for storing fire extinguishing substances, flexible media dividers inside the vessels, a source of displacing gas and a vacuum installation, shut-off and safety valves, fire monitors and hand barrels, pressure pipes, aeration systems, technical diagnostics of equipment and particle size distribution composition of the powder, characterized in that it has vessels in the amount of at least individually applied OTV and parallel pipelines connected to them, excluding ontact PTV streams are in different phase states, and providing mixing liquid PTV in operation, and their outputs are connected to inputs of devices issuing PTV furthermore equipped with elastic separators redundant disk drive and a brush.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to fire fighting equipment, in particular, fire extinguishing installations (UPT) designed to extinguish fires at facilities of chemical, oil refining, oil and gas industry, nuclear power plants, electrical substations, at airports and other fire hazardous facilities.

State of the art

The following objects are accepted as analogues:

1. Fire truck (AC), where the accumulation of a supply of fire extinguishing substances (OTV) is carried out in containers of a special form (respectively for water and a blowing agent) and their displacement into the fire occurs by a centrifugal pump (MD Bezborodko and others. Fire and emergency rescue equipment: textbook: at 2 o’clock - M.: Academy of State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia, 2013. - 353 s).

The disadvantage of ACs is that they are designed to work only on liquid OTV, cannot work on powder extinguishing compositions (OPS) due to the insufficient strength of the tanks (designed for overpressure up to 0.07 MPa) and the structural inability of the centrifugal pump to displace aerosols .

2. A fire powder extinguishing vehicle (AL) having two tanks vertically mounted along the longitudinal axis of the chassis with OTV and equipped with a vacuum unit for the mechanical loading of OTV. The design of AL provides the ability to work on one of the types of OTV (water, powder, foaming agent solution) or their pair combination, the crowding out into the fire occurs with compressed air (patent RU No. 2158154, 2000).

The disadvantage of this analogue lies in the individuality of the shapes and sizes of vessels operating under high pressure (up to 0.5 MPa), which makes the design of the AP more expensive. For the transition from the use of one type of OTV to another, it is necessary to carry out operations to clean the vessels using manual labor inside them.

In addition, the ratio between the types of OTV used is predetermined by the existing capacity of the vessels and cannot be changed in other proportions under operating conditions, therefore, such tools cannot be quickly transferred (without referral for re-equipment) to the specific, changing needs of the fire department.

3. A car of combined extinguishing (ACT), which is a hybrid of AC equipment (for water and foam) and AP (for powder), has, as a rule, two or three independent (independent) systems consisting of vessels of special shapes and sizes for the contents of each type of HFA and the corresponding devices for feeding them into the fire (MD Bezborodko et al. Fire and rescue equipment: textbook: at 2 o’clock - M: Academy of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia, 2013. - 353 s).

This analogue is inherent in all the disadvantages of the AC and AP, noted earlier. In addition, the ratio between the reserves of water, foaming agent and powder under operating conditions is also always unchanged (as a rule, it is 5: 3: 1 in mass), therefore, such products cannot be quickly re-arranged under operating conditions for the needs of a particular fire department.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a powder extinguishing installation (patent for utility model RU 150430 U1, 2015), in which the vessels for storage and delivery of spent fuel are made of standard oil and gas pipes, have elastic media separators (hereinafter referred to as separators) located inside them, pressure regulators and check valves in the aeration system, providing for the displacement of the extinguishing agent and its additional aeration through the use of microscopic channels formed by roughnesses inside nney pipe surface and the outer surface of the separators.

The prototype, in addition to some of the disadvantages of analogues, is also characterized by its own disadvantages:

technological strapping of vessels does not allow the use of powder formulations after water or a foaming agent due to the moisture remaining in the general supply line of HFA in different phase states under fire conditions, which leads to humidification and clumping of the fire alarm in pipelines and possible clogging of the dispensing devices;

jamming of the separator in the vessels is not excluded, leading to a loss in the operability of the installation;

it is necessary to clean the vessels from adhering powder particles manually.

In addition, there may be a violation of the stability of the car during its movement due to the uneven development of the extinguishing agent from the vessels and the associated displacement of the center of gravity.

The listed design flaws of the analogues and the prototype significantly narrow their scope and prevent maneuvering by forces and means of fire brigades, generally reducing the efficiency of using fire fighting equipment in the specific conditions of their operation, especially regarding the uneven use of their resource.

Utility Model Disclosure

The proposed design of a universal fire extinguishing installation (hereinafter referred to as the installation), which includes vessels in the form of pipes in the amount of no less than individually used OTV, providing storage and displacement of the latter; elastic separators of the media inside the vessels; source of displacing gas and vacuum installation, shut-off and starting and safety valves; fire monitors and hand barrels, pressure pipes; systems of aeration, technical diagnosis of equipment and particle size distribution of the powder, eliminates the disadvantages of analogues and prototype due to the presence of:

vessels in the form of pipes in the amount of not less than individually applied OTV;

parallel pipelines (in terms of the number of HFAs used) connected by the inlets to the vessels and used for loading and dispensing HFAs in different phase states, separating the flows of solid and liquid HFAs, mixing the flows of liquid HFAs, which eliminates the need for an intermediate operation of drying pipelines in a fire and allows to supply OPS, water and solutions based on it sequentially, while the outputs of the pipelines are connected to the inputs of the OTV issuing devices;

a backup drive of elastic media separators for moving to the initial position, in case of jamming in pipes, which can be carried out by any known method (for example, a winch or a telescopic cylinder), which increases the reliability of the installation;

additional cleaning elements (for example, brush disks) on flexible media separators to remove adhering powder particles from the inner surface of the vessels when replacing the OTV (Bogdanov EA, Fundamentals of technical diagnostics of oil and gas equipment - M .: Higher school, 2006 - 279 s).

The design of the vessels and the displacement mechanism allow the use of a wide range of OTV. In addition, it is possible to obtain compression foam that extends the fire fighting capabilities.

Provision of OTV reserves (required types and sizes), in accordance with the peculiarities of the departure area of the fire department, is based on the use of a block of vessels made of the same type of oil and gas pipes of a wide assortment (according to working pressures, sections and lengths). Their production has been industrially mastered, which eliminates the need for individual design and manufacture of special-shaped vessels for maintaining the established stock of OTV and opens up prospects for reducing the time needed to create and reduce the cost of a fire truck.

The number of vessels with separators, their total and individual capacities for a particular type of extinguishing agent, diameter and length, possible layout options in the body of the superstructure, working pressure and the order of filling and emptying of vessels from the extinguishing agent are initially determined by calculation at the design stage according to known analytical dependencies and statistical data.

Vessels are selected from a parametric series of steel welded pipes for gas pipelines, oil pipelines and oil product pipelines (for example, GOST R 52079-2003) with a corrosion-resistant coating, suitable for operation in various environmental and climatic conditions (including arctic). It is possible to use polyethylene gas pipes (GOST R 50838-2009) and pipes made of other materials that meet safety requirements, which in their parameters satisfy the calculated values of working pressure, quality of processing of the inner surface and climatic performance.

The parameters of the installation at the stages of its life cycle are determined according to the requirements of regulatory documents in the field of fire-technical products, for example, by the type of fire-fighting equipment approved by the order of the Russian Emergencies Ministry.

The vessels have the same elements and are completely interchangeable, structurally combined into a block and technologically interconnected by parallel pipelines.

During operation, the vessels fill the OTV in the order of increasing density: vessels with OTV of lower density are located in the upper part, higher density - in the lower part of the installation.

The delivery of OTV is carried out, starting from the extreme upper pairs of vessels and ending with the lower ones located closer to the center, taking into account the displacement of the center of gravity in the transverse plane of the car.

The sequence of delivery and the order of filling the OTV vessels are set by the algorithm, which ensures the stability of the vehicle during its movement, while maintaining the center of gravity within acceptable limits.

Control valves are controlled by servos with an interface displayed on a control panel located in the driver's cab or in an accessible place of the superstructure compartment.

Substitution of OTV in the conditions of fire departments is provided with the possibility of purging the vessels with hot dry air, or another known method of draining closed volumes, in order to remove residual moisture during the transition to fire extinguishing powder compositions.

In aggregate, the proposed utility model ensures the implementation of new functions, which are not inherent in analogues and prototype, in transferring the installation to fire extinguishing agents of any kind in the conditions of fire departments (water, foaming agent, OPS) without performing preliminary structural modifications. This ensures budget savings on purchased and operated fire fighting equipment, optimizing the use of fire fighting equipment and its adaptability to a changing situation.

The possibility of reconfiguring the installation allows you to evenly distribute the amount of fire extinguishing work on fire engines in combat crew and in the reserve of the fire department.

The use of vessels in the form of pipes, pressure regulators, check valves and other elements of a utility model in technical devices is known previously. In the combination under consideration and due to the presence of several vessels and parallel pipelines (in the amount of no less than individually used OTV) designed to load and issue OTV in different phase states and mix liquid OTV in operating conditions (the pipeline outputs are connected to the inputs of the OTV issuing devices), a backup drive of elastic media separators for moving to the initial position in case of jamming in the vessels and equipping them with additional cleaning elements (for example, brush discs mi) to remove adhering powder particles from the inner surface of the vessels when replacing the OTF, they form new properties, which allows you to transfer the installation in operating conditions from the use of one type of extinguishing agent to others without performing preliminary structural refinement of process equipment, reduces the range of fire extinguishing devices and increases the efficiency of their use in operation.

Thus, the proposed installation meets the condition of patentability "novelty."

Brief Description of the Drawing

The inventive utility model is implemented in a device, the essence of which is illustrated in the figure, where: 1 - vacuum installation (vacuum pump); 2 - three-way cranes; 3 - air drainage filters; 4 - the cavity of the vessels for supplying gas to move the separators; 5 - the cavity of the vessels for storing and displacing the supply of OTV; 6 - elastic media separators; 7 - vessels in the form of pipes for storage and displacement of OTV (only three vessels are conventionally shown); 8, 9, 12, 14, 22, 24, 26, 27, 31, 36, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 46 ball valves; 10 - nozzles of blood vessels; 11 - purge pipe; 13 - drainage pipeline; 15 - winch; 16 - a hydraulic cylinder; 17 - sensors filling vessels OTV; 18 - air filters for filling the vessels OTV; 19 - check valves of the filling system vessels OTV; 20 - pipeline loading solid OTV; 21 - pipeline connection pipelines solid OTV; 33 - filter calibrator of powder particles (with a built-in collection of screened particles); 34 - aerosol flow meter; 35 - tee connecting the pipelines of liquid OTV; 37 - pressure nozzles; 39 - installation for the production of compression foam; 44 - pressure regulators; 45 - check valves of the aeration system of the powder.

Utility Model Implementation

All the functions of the prototype “Powder Extinguishing Unit” (patent for utility model RU 150430 U1, 2015) are preserved due to the presence of a source of displacing gas and a vacuum unit, shut-off and safety valves and aeration systems, technical diagnostics of equipment and particle size distribution of the powder.

New functions are provided by:

vessels in the amount of no less than individually used OTV and parallel pipelines connected to them (to exclude contact of OTV streams in different phase states and mixing liquid OTV), the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the OTV issuing devices;

a backup drive of elastic media separators for moving to the initial position, in case they are jammed in pipes, which can be carried out by any known method (for example, a winch or a telescopic cylinder), which increases the reliability of the installation;

additional cleaning elements (for example, brush disks) on elastic media separators to remove adhering powder particles from the inner surfaces of the vessels when replacing the OTV.

The inventive functions are carried out in the manner described below (with the normally closed position of the stop valves).

1 Performing the functions of adjustment and readjustment of the installation to the needs of the fire department

1.1 Setting up a new installation

Upon receipt of a new installation, it is set up, which includes the procedure for filling the OTV vessels, in accordance with the needs for their number and types. According to the known required reserve values of each OTV, the number of vessels required for this is determined, and the operation of filling them is carried out by first moving the dividers (6) to the initial (extreme left) position. The separator (6) can be moved in two ways: by gas pressure and by means of a drive (using the example of an upper vessel).

Displacement of separator (6) by gas pressure. Gas is supplied from cylinders (23) through a valve (24), a purge pipe (11), valves (12) and (8) into the cavity (5) of the vessel (7). Simultaneously, gas from the cavity (4) of the vessel (7) will escape through filter (3), three-way valve (2) into the drainage pipe (13) and through the valve (14) into the atmosphere. The separator (6) will take its original position. After the air has completely escaped, the taps (8), (12) and (14) are closed, the three-way valve (2) is moved to the position in which the vacuum pump (1) is connected to the nozzles (10).

Moving dividers (6) using actuators. In case of jamming of the elastic separator in the vessel, its movement is carried out by a winch (15) or a hydraulic cylinder (16). In this case, in order to equalize the gas pressure in the cavities (4) and (5) of the vessels (7), the taps (8), (9) and (14) are opened, and the three-way valve (2) is set to the position in which the cavity ( 4) the vessel (7) is connected to the drainage pipe (13). When moving the separator (6), gas from the cavity (4) of the vessel (7) leaves through the valve (14) into the atmosphere. At the end of the move operation, the valves (8), (9) and (14) are closed, the three-way valve (2) is moved to the position in which the vacuum pump (1) is connected to the nozzles (10).

By moving the separator (6) to its original position, a vacuum is created in the cavity (5) of the vessel (7) using a vacuum pump (1), under the influence of which the OTV enter the vessels.

Filling of vessels of the OPS is carried out through nozzles (10), filters of the vessel filling system (18), check valves (19) and a three-way valve (2) and through a pipeline (20), valves (9) and (8). Filling the vessels with water and foaming agent - through the pipeline (21), valves (22) and (36). Upon filling the vessels, the filling sensors (17) are activated and the vacuum pump (1) is automatically turned off.

1.2 Reconfiguration of a plant that previously worked with liquid extinguishing agents

Complete the procedure for the complete release of the residue of the OTV from the vessel (s) to a side tank of the appropriate volume.

The separator is returned to its original position with compressed gas pressure or with the help of a backup drive, and the system is washed from the remainder of the foaming agent.

Compressed air is blown from the cylinders (23) through the valve (24), the pipeline (11), the valves (12) and (8), the cavity (5) of the vessel (7), the pipeline (25), the valves (26), (27) in monitors (28) and hand (29) trunks.

Then, the cavity (5) of the vessel (7) is purged with hot dry air until it is completely drained. For this, an external source of hot dry air is connected to the pipeline (20), from which air is supplied through the taps (8) and (9) to the vessel (7) and released through the three-way valve (2) into the drainage pipeline.

After that, the vessel (s) is filled with a fire extinguishing powder composition, for which, using a vacuum pump (1) through the nozzles (10), filters of the vessel filling system (18), check valves (19) and a three-way valve (2) in the cavity (5) vessels (7) create a vacuum and through the pipeline (20), valves (9) and (8) fill the vessels of the OPS. Upon filling the vessels, the sensors for filling the vessels (17) are activated and the vacuum pump (1) is automatically turned off.

1.3 Reconfiguration of a plant previously operating with extinguishing powder compositions

If it is necessary to replace the OPS with water or a foaming agent, the procedure for the complete transfer of the remainder of the powder from the vessel (s) to a side tank of the appropriate volume is performed.

Technologically feasible, immediately after the release of the powder composition, fill the vessels with water or a foaming agent. In this case, the vacuum pump (1) through the nozzles (10), filters of the vessel filling system (18), check valves (19) and a three-way valve (2) create a vacuum in the cavity (5) of the vessel (7) and through the pipeline ( 21), taps (22) and (36) fill the vessels with water or a foaming agent.

Upon filling the vessels, the sensors for filling the vessels (17) are activated and the vacuum pump (1) is automatically turned off.

2 Installation operation in the mode of delivery of extinguishing agents

2.1 Issuance of extinguishing powder compositions

The valve (24) is opened and gas from the cylinders (23) through the valve (46) enters the cavity (4) of the vessel (7) and through the pressure regulator (44) and check valves (45) into the cavity (5) of the vessel (7) and aerates the powder.

The separator (6) under gas pressure displaces the aerated powder through the dispensing pipe (30), a valve (31), a spider (32), a filter calibrator (33), a flow meter (34), in a fire monitor (28) or hand guns (29 )

2.2 Water delivery

The valve (24) is opened, and gas from the cylinders (23) through the valve (46) enters the cavity (4) of the vessel (7), moving the separator (6). Water flows through the dispensing pipe (25), a tap (36), a tee (35), a tap (27), to a fire monitor (28) and hand shafts (29), and pressure pipes (37).

2.3 Issue of foam formulations

Air-mechanical foam is obtained by simultaneously displacing water and a foaming agent from the vessels containing them. To do this, open the tap (24), and gas from the cylinders (23) through the taps (46) enters the cavity (4) of the vessels (7), moving the separators (6).

Water and a foaming agent pass from the vessels containing them through the delivery pipelines (25), taps (26), a tee (35), a crane (27), to a fire monitor (28) or hand barrels (29), or to pressure pipes (37).

The formation of a foaming agent solution occurs in the tee (35), the concentration of the foaming agent solution is controlled by changing the opening of the valve (26) of the vessel with the foaming agent.

Compression foam is obtained by simultaneously displacing water and a foaming agent from the vessels containing them. To do this, open the tap (24), and gas from the cylinders (23) through the taps (46) enters the cavity (4) of the vessels (7), moving the separators (6). Water and a foaming agent pass from the vessels containing them through the delivery pipelines (25), taps (26), a tee (35). Then, the foaming agent solution of the required concentration, with the valve closed (27), passes through the valve (38) to the compression foam unit (39), where gas enriched through the valve (43) is enriched, and through the valve (40) the resulting foam is fed to the monitor (28) or hand shafts (29) and pressure pipes (37).

Claims (1)

A universal fire extinguishing installation containing vessels in the form of pipes for storing fire extinguishing substances, flexible media dividers inside the vessels, a source of displacing gas and a vacuum installation, shut-off and safety valves, fire monitors and hand barrels, pressure pipes, aeration systems, technical diagnostics of equipment and particle size distribution powder composition, characterized in that it has vessels in the amount of not less than individually applied OTV and parallel pipelines connected to them, excluding ontact PTV streams are in different phase states, and providing mixing liquid PTV in operation, and their outputs are connected to inputs of devices issuing PTV furthermore equipped with elastic separators redundant disk drive and a brush.

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