RU157618U1 - FROZEN SOIL BUILDING - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to the structures of permafrost buildings.

A building on permafrost soils is known (Foundation construction in permafrost soils / edited by PD Bondarev - M: Gosstroyizdat, 1962. - P. 11-12). The building is a construction on a pile foundation. Piles have a continuous cross-section, partially rise above the soil surface and are joined from above by a grillage. The space between the surface of the soil and the grillage (ventilated underground) minimizes the warming effect of the structure on the soil of the base. The advantage of this design is the ability to maintain the thermal regime of soils autonomously, without additional cooling measures. The design drawback is the deterioration of cooling in areas with high snow tolerance, because in winter, the ventilated underground can be completely covered with snow, which is difficult to clean.

The objective of this technical solution is to increase the cooling efficiency of the soil of the base in the case of severe snow transfer.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the building on permafrost soils consists of a chamber for cooling the soils, a pile foundation and a building supported by a pile foundation, bounded by a roof above and a foundation grill on the bottom. A chamber for cooling the soil is located directly under the roof; the pile base is made of hollow piles with an inner diameter of "d" and a height of "h _CB ", and their cavities are connected to the cavity of the chamber for cooling the soil using transport sections with a height of "h _TP " made in the form of pipes having the same cross section cavity, like piles, while the chamber for cooling the soil is divided by jumpers into separate subchambers, each for a separate pile. In addition, heat insulation can be installed between the foundation grillage slab and the building body. Also, the external surfaces of the transport sections and the lower wall of the chamber for cooling the soil can be separated from the premises of the building by thermal insulation. In addition, hollow piles and transport sections may contain a coaxial insert made of a pipe with an inner diameter “d _K ” inside the common through cavity, with openings of area “S” located at the top and bottom, providing communication with the general cavity of the pile and the transport section.

All of the above parameters of the device are connected by certain ratios that ensure effective cooling of the soil of the base is achieved due to the lack of snow bearing chamber for cooling the soil, which allows the transfer of cold air through the cavity of hollow piles into the deep layers of the soil, in contrast to the prototype, where the soil of the base is cooled through the earth's surface which can be covered with snow.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to structures being erected in permafrost areas.

A building on permafrost soils is known (S. Gapeev. Strengthening frozen foundations by cooling. - 2nd ed., Revised. And add. - L.: Stroyizdat, Leningrad branch, 1984. - 156 p.). The building is a structure on a strip foundation, surrounded by cooling units, reducing its warming effect on the soil of the base. The advantage of this design is the ability to construct buildings designed for moderate climatic conditions in areas with the spread of permafrost. The disadvantage is a shorter service life of the vapor-liquid units than the main structure, which necessitates their constant replacement during the entire period of its operation.

A building on permafrost soils is known (Foundation construction in permafrost soils / edited by Bondarev PD - M .: Gosstroyizdat, 1962. - P. 11-12). The building is a construction on a pile foundation. Piles have a continuous cross-section, partially rise above the soil surface and are joined from above by a grillage. The space between the surface of the soil and the grillage (ventilated underground) minimizes the warming effect of the structure on the soil of the base. The advantage of this design is the ability to maintain the thermal regime of soils autonomously, without additional cooling measures. The design drawback is the deterioration of cooling in areas with high snow tolerance, because in winter, the ventilated underground can be completely covered with snow, which is difficult to clean.

The objective of this technical solution is to increase the cooling efficiency of the soil of the base in the case of severe snow transfer.

To achieve the specified technical result, a building on permafrost soils is made in the form of a chamber for cooling the soils, a pile base and a building supported by a pile base, bounded by a roof above and a foundation grill on the bottom, while the chamber for cooling soils is located directly under the roof; the pile base is made of hollow piles with an inner diameter of "d" and a height of "h _CB ", and their cavities are connected to the cavity of the chamber for cooling the soil using transport sections with a height of "h _TP " made in the form of pipes having the same cross section cavities as piles, while the chamber for cooling the soil is divided by jumpers into separate subchambers, each for a separate pile, while:

H≤k · 20d, m;

V _PC ≥k · 0.15V _P , m;

where H is the height of the total cavity of the pile and the transport section;

k is a coefficient depending on the specific design, k = 0.8 ÷ 1.2;

V _PC - the volume of the subcamera;

V _P - the volume of the total cavity of the pile and the transport section;

In addition, heat insulation can be installed between the foundation grillage slab and the building body.

Also, the external surfaces of the transport sections and the lower wall of the chamber for cooling the soil can be separated from the premises of the building by thermal insulation.

, м².In addition, hollow piles and transport sections may contain a coaxial insert made of a pipe with an inner diameter “d _K ” inside the common through cavity, with openings of area “S” located at the top and bottom, providing communication with the general cavity of the pile and the transport section, d _K = 0.7d m;

, m ² .

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing in FIG.

A building on permafrost soils (Fig.) Contains a chamber 1 for soil cooling, a pile base 2 and a building 3 resting on a pile base 2, bounded by a roof 4 above, and a foundation grillage below the plate 5, while a chamber 1 for soil cooling is located directly below roof 4; the pile base 2 is made of hollow piles 6 with an inner diameter of "d" and a height of "h _CB ", and their cavities are connected to the cavity of the chamber 1 for cooling the soil using transport sections 7 with a height of "h _TP " made in the form of pipes having the same cross-section of the cavity as the piles 6, while the chamber 1 for soil cooling is divided by jumpers 8 into separate subchambers 9, each for a separate pile 6, while:

H≤k · 20d, m;

V _PC ≥k · 0.15V _P , m;

where H is the height of the total cavity of the pile and the transport section;

k is a coefficient depending on the specific design, k = 0.8 ÷ 1.2;

V _PC - the volume of the subcamera;

V _P - the volume of the total cavity of the pile and the transport section.

The substantiation of the dependence of Н on d is given in the monograph (Passek V.V., Petrov V.I. The height of the cooling chamber towering above the ground in conventional thermal supports is (0.1 ÷ 0.2) of the height of the underground part, depending on the presence of a coaxial insert, a roof slope, etc. These conditions determine the coefficient k.

In addition, between the slab 5 of the foundation grillage and the building casing 3, thermal insulation 10 can be laid.

Also, the outer surfaces of the transport sections 7 and the lower wall of the chamber 1 for cooling the soil can be separated from the premises of the building by thermal insulation.

, м².In addition, the hollow piles 6 and the transport sections 7 may contain a coaxial insert 11 inside the common through cavity, made of a pipe with an inner diameter “d _K ”, at the top and bottom of which are openings with an area of “S”, which provide communication with the general cavity of the pile and the transport section wherein d _K = 0.7d, m;

, m ² .

The building on permafrost works as follows.

The load from the structure is perceived by plate 5 of the foundation grill and piles 6. The vertical load in the pile foundation is perceived by three components: soil resistance along the bottom surface of the plate 5 foundation grill, resistance to freezing of the side surfaces of the piles 6 with soil, soil resistance at the end of piles 6.

Maintenance of the building's thermal regime on permafrost is based on air convection inside hollow piles in the winter of 6 and proceeds as follows.

The air cooled in the upper sub-chambers 9 enters the common cavity of the transport sections 7 and piles 6, lowers down, transfers the cold to the soil through the walls of the piles 6; heats up and rises, through the cavity of the piles 6 into the sub-chambers 9, is cooled again, etc. In the presence of coaxial inserts 11, the air flows are separated: warm ascending move inside the coaxial insert And, and cold descending inside the cavity formed by the gap between the walls of the piles 6 and coaxial insert 11. In the summer, convection ceases, and heat does not enter the soil.

Improving the efficiency of cooling the soil of the base is achieved due to the lack of snow bearing chamber for cooling the soil. This allows the transfer of cold air through the cavity of hollow piles into the deep layers of the soil, in contrast to the prototype, where the soil of the base is cooled through the earth's surface, which can be covered with snow.

Claims (4)

1. A building on permafrost soils, containing a chamber for cooling the soils, a pile base and a body resting on the pile base, bounded by a roof above and a foundation grill on the bottom, characterized in that the soil cooling chamber is located directly under the roof; the pile base is made of hollow piles with an inner diameter d and a height h of _CB , and their cavities are connected to the cavity of the chamber for cooling the soil using transport sections with a height h _TP made in the form of pipes having the same cross-section of the cavity as the piles, while the chamber for cooling the soil is divided by jumpers into separate subchambers, each for a separate pile, while: H≤k · 20d, m; V _PC ≥k · 0.15V _P , m; where H is the height of the total cavity of the pile and the transport section; k is a coefficient depending on the specific design, k = 0.8 ÷ 1.2; V _PC - the volume of the subcamera; V _P - the volume of the total cavity of the pile and the transport section. 2. The building on permafrost soils according to claim 1, characterized in that thermal insulation is laid between the foundation grillage and the building body. 3. A building on permafrost soils according to claim 1, characterized in that the external surfaces of the transport sections and the lower wall of the cooling chamber are separated from the premises of the building by thermal insulation. 4. The building on permafrost soils according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow piles and transport sections have a coaxial insert inside a common through cavity made of a pipe with an internal diameter d _{K of the} cavity, with openings of area S each located at the bottom and top of the coaxial inserts providing communication with the general cavity of the pile and the transport section in this case: d _K = 0.7d, m;

Images