RU155001U1 - DEVICE FOR OBTAINING HEMISPHERIC Billets From Hardened Metal - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for producing hemispherical blanks of hardened metal containing a punch, a matrix in the lower part of which a vertical cylindrical channel is made, and a thrust insert installed in the said channel, characterized in that a cavity is made in the upper part of the matrix, the lower part of the inner surface of which is shaped hemispheres, with the punch installed in the cavity with a gap and with the possibility of fixation and axial movement and is made with the lower part in the form of a hemisphere and with a through vertical cylinder an indigenous channel in the center, in which a second cylindrical punch is mounted with the possibility of movement, and in the upper parts of the matrix and punch, holes are made for fasteners that secure the fixation of the punch at the moment of moving the second cylindrical punch.

Description

The utility model relates to the processing of metals by pressure, and in particular to devices that allow hardening the metal during deformation to obtain hemispherical blanks.

The known process of radial extrusion used for stamping forgings with flanges ["Theory of forging and stamping", EP Unksova, A.G. Ovchinnikova, M: Mechanical Engineering, 1992].

A device for the radial extrusion process consists of a matrix with a vertical channel made in it, in which a cylindrical workpiece is placed, a cylindrical punch placed in this channel and the base. A cylindrical cavity is made in the lower part of the matrix, in which, after deformation of the workpiece by means of a punch, a flange is formed on the workpiece.

This device is not intended to produce hemispherical blanks.

As a prototype, a device for producing blanks for stamping hemispherical parts with a submicrocrystalline structure that implements the method of intensive plastic deformation (IPD) by the cyclic deformation method "extrusion-sediment-extrusion" ("Cyclic Compression Extrusion (CCE)") [Utility model RU 122317 U1 IPC B21J 5/06, B21J 13/02 publ. November 27, 2012].

The device consists of a matrix with a vertical cylindrical channel made in it, a thrust insert, with a spherical recess made on the upper end to prevent stagnation zones in the workpiece material and a matrix installed in the lower part of the cylindrical channel, and a punch with a diameter to height ratio of at least 1, 5 installed in the upper part of the cylindrical channel of the matrix, consisting of two parts separated by an axial plane, parts, each of which is arranged to move along the axis of the mat Itza. When implementing the method, an initial load is applied to the initial workpiece by first applying one part of the punch to the workpiece, then another. After aligning the parts of the punch, the cycle repeats.

The disadvantage of this device is the high complexity and duration of the process, complex automation of the process, the need to use an additional set of equipment for stamping, which leads to a significant complication of the process of producing hemispherical blanks.

The task to which the proposed utility model is aimed is to increase the productivity and efficiency of the process of intensive plastic deformation (IPD) due to the possibility of performing two operations of obtaining and stamping the workpiece using one set of technological equipment.

The technical result is to simplify the design of the proposed device, designed to produce hemispherical blanks with submicrocrystalline structure.

The technical result is achieved in a device for producing hemispherical billets made of hardened metal, comprising a matrix with a punch, a thrust insert installed in a vertical cylindrical channel of the lower part of the matrix, and a cavity is made in the upper part of the matrix, the lower part of the inner surface of which has the shape of a hemisphere, while the cavity is installed with a gap and with the possibility of fixation and axial movement of the punch, the lower part of which is in the form of a hemisphere, and in the center there is a through vertical cylinder an Indian channel, in which a second cylindrical punch is mounted with the possibility of movement, moreover, holes for fasteners are made in the upper part of the matrix and punch to secure the punch at the moment of movement of the second cylindrical punch.

The essence of the proposed utility model is illustrated in the following figures.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed device for producing hemispherical blanks of hardened metal.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the first cycle.

In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the second cycle.

In FIG. 4 shows the hemispherical blank obtained as a result of the deformation process.

The proposed device of hardened metal contains a matrix 1, the lower part of the inner surface of which is in the form of a hemisphere, in the cavity of which is installed with the possibility of fixing and moving the punch 2, the lower part of which is in the form of a hemisphere, and in the center there is a through vertical cylindrical channel for accommodating the deformable workpiece 4 in which the second cylindrical punch 5 is mounted with the possibility of movement, while between the inner surface of the matrix 1 having the shape of a hemisphere, and the hemispherical There is a gap 6 in the surface of the punch 2. In the upper part of the matrix 1 and punch 2 there are holes 7 (Fig. 3) for fasteners 8 (for example, pins) that fix the punch 2 at the moment of moving the second cylindrical punch 5.

In the channel of the lower part of the matrix 1 is a thrust insert 9 for removing the workpiece from the device.

The proposed device operates as follows.

By installing the pins (8) in the holes (7), the thrust insert (9) into the channel in the lower part of the die (1), and having previously lubricated the inner surface of the die (1), the surface of the punch (2), the second cylindrical punch (5) and the deformable the workpiece (4), a deformable workpiece (4) is laid in the vertical cylindrical channel of the punch (2), and a second cylindrical punch (5) is installed on the upper end of the deformable workpiece (4). Pressure is applied to the cylindrical punch (5), as a result of which the deformable workpiece (4) is deposited in the cavity formed by the gap (6) between the inner surface of the matrix (1) and the hemispherical surface of the punch (2) - the first cycle is carried out. After the first cycle, the pins (8) are removed and pressurized simultaneously on the punch (2) and the second cylindrical punch (5), in the process of deformation a hemispherical shape of the workpiece (4) is formed - the second cycle is carried out.

The extraction of the stamped hemispherical billet from the matrix (1) is as follows. After the deformation process is completed, the matrix (1) with the workpiece (4), punches (2), (5) and thrust insert (3) is placed in such a way as to ensure free movement of the obtained workpiece, punches and thrust insert vertically downward. The pressure is applied to the end face of the thrust insert (3) until the punches (2), (5) and the workpiece exit the die cavity (1). If it is necessary to deform few ductile materials, the assembled device is heated to a temperature not exceeding the tempering temperature of the material of the tooling (device). After removing the workpiece, the device, also pre-lubricated, is ready for further use.

A workpiece subjected to radial extrusion followed by stamping is laid into the device once - there is no need to use an additional set of technological equipment to produce hemispherical workpieces with a submicrocrystalline structure. Due to the simplicity of the design and the absence of wear elements, the tool resistance to high pressures arising during the IPD processes is increased. In the process of deformation using this device, a submicrocrystalline structure is formed in the workpiece material, which provides increased mechanical characteristics of the material of the deformable workpiece in comparison with traditional methods of metal forming. The technical solution can significantly increase the efficiency of the metal forming process and simplify the design of the tool due to the new combined scheme of intense plastic deformation in which two processes are carried out in one tool kit: forming a blank for stamping by radial extrusion and directly stamping a hemispherical blank.

IPD of highly active materials according to the proposed scheme using the proposed device does not require additional protection of the operating personnel due to minimal contact with the workpiece.

Claims (1)

A device for producing hemispherical blanks of hardened metal containing a punch, a matrix in the lower part of which a vertical cylindrical channel is made, and a thrust insert installed in the said channel, characterized in that a cavity is made in the upper part of the matrix, the lower part of the inner surface of which is shaped hemispheres, with the punch installed in the cavity with a gap and with the possibility of fixation and axial movement and is made with the lower part in the form of a hemisphere and with a through vertical cylinder an indigenous channel in the center, in which a second cylindrical punch is mounted with the possibility of movement, and in the upper parts of the matrix and punch, holes are made for fasteners that secure the fixation of the punch at the moment of moving the second cylindrical punch.

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