RU150064U1 - ATV - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An all-terrain vehicle containing a driver’s cabin, a body, an internal combustion engine, outboard rotor-propeller engines, the front shafts of which are connected to the output shafts of the final drives, driven by hydraulic motors, combined into a single structural circuit with a hydraulic pump having a drive from an internal combustion engine, characterized the fact that a hydraulic pump and hydraulic motors with an adjustable volume of the working chamber are installed, the working chambers of hydraulic motors are interconnected by hoses and high pressure pipelines and with a working chamber of a hydraulic pump driven by a flywheel of an internal combustion engine. 2. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that a second hydraulic pump is installed with an adjustable volume of the working chamber with the possibility of separate control of the left and right propellers.

Description

The solution relates to vehicles with high cross-country ability, in particular, to machines with a rotor-screw propulsion device, which have a high level of cross-country ability due to the low pressure of the propulsion device on the ground, high traction and coupling characteristics, and designed to transport goods and people in especially difficult climatic conditions (swamp , virgin snow, water barriers with open water and ice hummocks).

Known snow and swamp vehicles with a rotary screw propeller ZIL 29061, GPI-16 (developed by ONILVM NSTU), GPI-66 and GPI-72 (developed by OKBD RALSNEMG), (product 29061: Technical description and operating instructions 29061-0000002TO. - M : PO ZIL, 1979. - 198 p .; “Nizhny Novgorod Scientific School of All-Terrain Vehicles, Transport and Technological Complexes and Special Equipment”, NSTU, N. Novgorod, 2007), consisting of a housing mounted on two longitudinal rotating screws driven by an engine internal combustion, transmitting torque through manual transmission (gearbox, reduction gears, cardan gears) directly to the screws. The rotation control of snow and swamp vehicles is carried out by means of an on-board turn (redistribution of torque between the right and left auger rotor).

Known icebreaker-auger (RF patent for utility model No. 132040 B60F 3/00, B63B 35/12), containing a sealed housing and auger connected to the internal combustion engine by means of a gearbox and drive shafts through the gearbox. The icebreaker-auger has the ability to change the clearance due to the mobile design of the screws relative to the body. Used a mechanical transmission.

An all-terrain vehicle was adopted as a prototype (RF patent No. 2498922, V62D 57/036, published on November 20, 2013).

The all-terrain vehicle contains a driver’s cabin, a passenger compartment, an internal combustion engine mounted on a waterproof housing, a transmission with two drive axles and wheels, a clutch, a range box, a transfer case and an additional rotary screw propeller with screw combs, characterized in that the rotary screw propeller with screw combs installed side-by-side with the ability to rotate using the front and rear suspensions pivotally mounted with one, upper, end from the bottom of the waterproof housing at the same distance from the center of gravity of the all-terrain vehicle in the longitudinal plane and using a support with trunnions pivotally mounted on the other, lower, end of the front and rear suspensions, and the front output shaft of the rotor-screw propulsion device is connected with the output shaft of the final drive using the telescopic cardan transmission rigidly fixed to the rear of the waterproof housing and driven by a hydraulic motor, combined in one design with a hydraulic pump driven by the front toe of the internal combustion engine, while in edney part of the waterproof casing, closer to the board, is pivotally mounted a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second end of which is also pivotally mounted on the front suspension.

The prototype is considered as part of the study of rotor-propeller thrusters, although a transmission with two drive axles and wheels can also be additionally involved. The famous all-terrain vehicle has increased cross-country ability and maneuverability.

However, the traction and dynamic properties of the known all-terrain vehicle are insufficient, because a stepless change in the torque transmitted from the engine to the propulsors is not provided in all the necessary traction and speed range of motion, because limited capabilities of the hydraulic pump and hydraulic motors having unregulated volumes.

In addition, the hydraulic pump drive is removed from the toe of the engine crankshaft, which provides only a partial removal of its power (no more than 15%).

These shortcomings are eliminated by the proposed solution.

The task is to increase the traction and dynamic properties of the all-terrain vehicle, i.e. use of 100% engine power to drive movers.

The technical result is the possibility of stepless changes in the torque transmitted from the engine to the thrusters in all the necessary traction and speed range of motion, obtaining high traction and speed indicators.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in an all-terrain vehicle containing a driver’s cabin, a body, an internal combustion engine, outboard rotor-screw propellers, the front shafts of which are connected to the output shafts of the final drives, driven by hydraulic motors, connected in a single structural circuit with a hydraulic pump having a drive from an internal combustion engine, a hydraulic pump and hydraulic motors with an adjustable volume of the working chamber are installed, while the working chambers of the hydraulic motors by means of hoses and pipelines are high -pressure communicated to each other and to the working chamber of the hydraulic pump having a drive from the flywheel of the internal combustion engine; a second hydraulic pump with an adjustable volume of the working chamber can be installed with the possibility of separate control of the left and right propellers.

The proposed solution uses a hydrostatic transmission, in which a hydraulic pump and hydraulic motors with an adjustable volume of the working chamber are used to change the torque in a wide range of angular velocities. This actually replaces the gearbox, while it works steplessly, allowing you to have high torque or high speed.

The hydraulic pump is driven by the engine flywheel, as is the gearbox, which provides 100% power take-off.

When using two hydraulic pumps with adjustable volumes of the working chambers, it is possible to separately control the left and right propellers.

The proposed all-terrain vehicle is shown in the drawings: in FIG. 1 is a general view, in FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrostatic transmission with one hydraulic pump; FIG. 3 - the same with two hydraulic pumps. The all-terrain vehicle contains a driver’s cabin 1, a body 2, an internal combustion engine 3, rotary-screw propellers 4 mounted side-by-side 4. Front output shafts 5 of rotor-screw screw propellers 4 in the direction of travel by a telescopic cardan transmission are connected to the output shafts of final drives 6, rigidly fixed to the rear of the waterproof casing and driven by hydraulic motors 7, combined in one structural scheme, at least one with a hydraulic pump 8. It is possible to install a second hydraulic pump 9 with the possibility of separate control left and right movers 4, which is ensured by the appropriate connection of the sleeves and high pressure pipe. Hydraulic pumps 8, 9 are driven by an internal combustion engine 3. Hydraulic pumps 8, 9 and hydraulic motors 7 with adjustable volumes of working chambers are installed. In this case, the working chambers of hydraulic motors 7 by means of hoses and a high pressure pipeline 10 are connected with each other and with the working chamber of a hydraulic pump 8 (9), which is driven by the flywheel of the internal combustion engine 3. A hydraulic tank 12 is installed on the supply pipe 11.

Hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors with adjustable volumes of the working chamber are mass-produced by many companies, for example, SAUER-DANFOSS.

All-terrain vehicle works as follows.

The pressure created by the hydraulic pump 8, 9 through a system of hoses and pipelines of high pressure 10 is transmitted to two hydraulic motors 7 with an adjustable volume of the working chamber. Each of the hydraulic motors 7 converts the supplied pressure to torque on the output shaft, which drives the propellers 4 through the reducer 6. Each of the hydraulic motors 7 drives its propulsor 4.

The rotation of the machine is carried out due to the redistribution of the supplied fluid pressure between the hydraulic motors 7, as well as changes in the volumes of the chambers of the hydraulic pump 8 (9) and hydraulic motors 7. The drive for changing the volumes of the chambers can be different: mechanical, hydraulic, electro-hydraulic, which leads to a change in torque and angular speeds on movers 4 and the car is turning.

To start the movement or when driving on heavy soils (with great resistance to movement.), It is necessary to transfer the maximum power, torque to the movers 4 and move at low speeds. To do this, set the minimum volume of the working chamber on hydraulic pumps 8 (9), on the hydraulic motors 7 — the maximum (this corresponds to the maximum gear ratio, if we draw an analogy with a mechanical transmission). Further, increasing the engine speed (accelerator) go to maximum power mode.

Further, when entering the ground with minimal resistance to movement, they provide the highest possible speed. To do this, increase the volume of the hydraulic pump 8 (9), reduce the volume of the working chambers of the hydraulic motors 7 (thereby setting the minimum possible gear ratio). Set the required engine speed 3 (acting on the accelerator, gas).

If you need to rotate, respectively, increase the angular velocity on the movers 4 of the forward side or reduce the angular velocity on the mover 4 of the lagging inner side. To do this, increase the volume on the hydraulic pump responsible for the running-in outer side, decrease the volume on the hydraulic motor and / or reduce the volume on the hydraulic pump on the inside, and increase it on the hydraulic pump.

The ratio of the volumes of the working chambers of the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor of one side must be established taking into account the traffic conditions. It makes the driver.

The analysis of analogues indicates the compliance of the proposed solution with the criterion of "novelty." Field tests confirm industrial applicability.

Claims (2)

1. An all-terrain vehicle containing a driver’s cabin, a body, an internal combustion engine, outboard rotor-propeller engines, the front shafts of which are connected to the output shafts of the final drives, driven by hydraulic motors, combined into a single structural circuit with a hydraulic pump having a drive from an internal combustion engine, characterized the fact that a hydraulic pump and hydraulic motors with an adjustable volume of the working chamber are installed, the working chambers of hydraulic motors are interconnected by hoses and high pressure pipelines and with a working chamber of a hydraulic pump having a drive from a flywheel of an internal combustion engine. 2. An all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that a second hydraulic pump is installed with an adjustable volume of the working chamber with the possibility of separate control of the left and right propellers.

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