RU140251U1 - DEVICE OF AUTOMATIC PLANT OF MECHANICAL BATTERY OF THE CLOCK MECHANISM DRIVED BY A HEAT MOTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for automatically winding a mechanical battery of a clock mechanism, characterized in that it comprises a heat engine configured to convert the temperature difference at two different points in space into mechanical movement transmitted to the mechanical battery of the clock mechanism, while the heat engine comprises a working fluid located in closed heat exchange capacity, a displacer freely moving inside this capacity under the action of gravitational attraction, and the mechanism conversion of pressure changes into mechanical motion. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical transmission from the heat engine to the mechanical battery is carried out by the winding mechanism. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat engine is configured to convert the temperature difference at the surface of the watch and the ambient temperature into the movement of the clock mechanism of a mechanical watch. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical battery is made in the form of a spring, hydraulic, pneumatic, weight-lifting, flywheel or rubber mechanical battery. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical battery of the clock mechanism can be started using the crown (18) .6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat engine contains at least one mechanism for converting a change in fluid pressure into mechanical work and at least one heat transfer tank (1). 7. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacer (6) of the heat engine moves,

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the field of watch industry and can be used in the manufacture of mechanical portable watches with automatic winding of a mechanical battery of a watch movement.

State of the art

At present, in watches, mechanical watches with automatic winding of a spring (automatic watch) are widely used. Self-winding watches are more accurate, since the spring energy remains almost constant during the day, which leads to a constant value of the pulse transmitted to the regulator-balance [1].

The automatic winding mechanisms differ in their design features, but all known designs of watches have an inertial sector, or a moving load, which rotates or swings around its axis when the watch rotates and transfers additional energy through the force of gravity to the engine spring. The inertial sector usually has a sufficiently large weight in order to overcome the resistance force of the winding spring, therefore its fastening to the watch mechanism must be strong and reliable enough.

The disadvantages of the automatic winding mechanisms are significant weight, structural complexity and an increased likelihood of breakdowns. A self-winding watch is thicker and heavier than usual. The need for a large sector limits the use of automatic winding in women's watches. The complication of the mechanism and the use of cargo from a rather expensive tungsten increases the cost of hours. In addition, the well-known automatic watch is very sensitive to shock. With strong impacts, the supports break down under the weight of the cargo sector.

The main disadvantage of all known mechanical watches with automatic winding for the proper operation of the automatic winding mechanism is the need for an active mobile lifestyle of the user of the watch.

To solve the above problems, self-winding watches, automatic winding mechanisms operating from heat were proposed.

So known watch TW 533340 (PHILIPS STEVEN, 2003-05-21), the self-winding of which is carried out by a temperature-sensitive element.

The thermosensitive element is made in the form of a bimetallic coil (spiral spring) in which one end is rigidly fixed on a fixed housing, and the other end is connected to a movable shaft, which converts the movement of the spring into rotation. The principle of operation is based on the fact that a change in temperature causes the spring to move (twisting or untwisting).

This mechanism has a number of disadvantages, namely, the spiral gives a small traction on the free end. Moreover, the design itself is quite bulky, difficult to manufacture and sensitive to shock and shaking, i.e. not reliable.

A GB 331764 watch is known (JEAN LEON REUTTER, 1930-07-10) in which the automatic winding device is a Dewar vessel filled with a liquid with high heat capacity (for example, water), in which there is a container filled with a volatile liquid with its saturated steam. The container has a tube hermetically connected to the bellows, made so that when its shape is changed, it wins the mechanical battery through the transmission mechanism.

The container and bellows are filled with saturated vapors of a volatile liquid that is at a constant temperature and has a constant pressure. The bellows is located inside the container, which is filled with a volatile liquid with its saturated steam and is made of heat-conducting material. The principle of operation is based on the fact that when the temperature of the space in contact with the container of the heat-conducting material changes, the pressure of the saturated vapor of the volatile liquid changes. The change in pressure inside the chamber from a heat-conducting material drives the bellows, as constant pressure is provided inside the bellows. The movement of the bellows through the transmission mechanism is transmitted to a mechanical battery.

The disadvantages of this automatic winding device are its design complexity, the inability to use it in a portable watch, the possibility of the system coming to thermal equilibrium due to the constant contact of working fluids (through the walls of the bellows) and the inability to interrupt the heat exchange between them.

The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is a self-winding watch disclosed in document EP 2469350 (ASS SUISSE POUR LA RECH HORLOGERE, 2012-06-27), where the winding mechanism is made in the form of a sealed chamber filled with a mixture of a metal alloy (Ce, La, Nd , Pr and Co, Ni, Sn), which changes volume when the temperature of the surrounding space changes.

The sealed chamber is designed so that when the volume of the mixture changes, the chamber volume changes or the piston is set in motion.

The disadvantage of this device is that with a prolonged absence of temperature fluctuations or with very small temperature differences in the environment, the system inside the heat engine, striving for thermal equilibrium, will do less useful work and ultimately come to an equilibrium to stop.

Task and technical result

Thus, the objective of the claimed utility model is the development and practical implementation of the design of watches and clock mechanisms with an automatic winding / winding mechanism powered by a heat engine driven by the temperature difference of different areas of spaces in which the system is constantly forced out of thermodynamic equilibrium.

The technical result obtained when using the utility model is

- increased reliability when using a clockwork with automatic winding mechanical clockwork battery;

- improving accuracy through the use of a heat engine, which is made with the ability to work even in the absence of a temperature difference. For this purpose, a displacer is provided in the engine design, which moves freely inside the heat transfer capacity of the heat engine under the influence of gravitational attraction.

Utility Model Disclosure

The problem is solved, and the required technical result when using the utility model is achieved by the fact that the device for automatically winding a mechanical battery of a clock mechanism contains a heat engine configured to convert the temperature difference at two different points in space into mechanical movement transmitted to the mechanical battery of the clock mechanism, this heat engine contains a working fluid located in a closed heat-exchange capacity, a displacer, freely trans located inside this tank under the action of gravitational attraction, and the mechanism for converting pressure changes into mechanical motion. In this case, the mechanical transmission from the heat engine to the mechanical battery is carried out by the winding mechanism.

In this case, when the position of the mechanism in space changes, under the influence of gravitational forces, the massive displacer constantly shifts the working fluid from the heater to the cooler. In this case, the mechanical transfer of useful work from the heat engine to the mechanical accumulator is carried out by the mechanism for converting the pressure change into mechanical movement through the comb and the wheel system of the winding mechanism.

Also, the heat engine is configured to convert the temperature difference at the surface of the watch and the ambient temperature into the movement of the clock mechanism of a mechanical watch.

In this case, the mechanical accumulator is made in the form of a spring, hydraulic, pneumatic, weight-lifting, flywheel or rubber mechanical accumulator. Also, the mechanical clockwork battery can be wound up with a crown.

In addition, the heat engine contains at least one mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work and at least one heat transfer capacity. The heat engine also contains a working fluid enclosed in an isolated space, and a massive displacer. In this case, the massive displacer of the heat engine changes its position under the influence of gravitational force.

Also, the heat engine is configured to heat the working fluid of the heat engine by heating the heat-conducting side of the heat-exchange capacity of the surrounding space.

Also, the heat engine is configured to cool the working fluid of the heat engine by transferring heat through the heat-conducting surface to the environment and cooling the surface of the heat-exchange capacity by the environment.

To intensify the heating and cooling of the heat engine, the heat-conducting side of the heat-exchange capacity is made of a material with a high coefficient of heat conductivity, for example, aluminum, aluminum, copper, copper, silver, silver or gold alloys.

To intensify cooling, fins, grooves or additional cooling elements are performed on the cooling heat-conducting surface of the heat-exchange capacity.

To intensify the heating, fins, grooves or additional cooling elements are performed on the heating heat-conducting surface of the heat-exchange capacity.

In addition, the heat engine is made with the possibility of using as a cooler or heater the sides of the watch case or the side of the dial, and as a heat sink and heater or cooler, the back cover or parts of the back cover of the watch case, with heat-insulating material located between them with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity. Also, the heat engine is configured in such a way that the heat-conducting side can act as a cooler, while the cooler can perform a heating function.

At the same time, the heat engine is made with the possibility of using liquid with a high coefficient of linear expansion as ethanol — ethanol, methyl alcohol, acetone, diethyl or ethyl ether, mercury, and galinstan.

In addition, the heat engine is made with the possibility of joint functioning with other engines.

The heat engine is configured to use the heat of the human body.

The mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work is made in the form of a bellows, or a membrane, or a working cylinder with a working piston, or another mechanism.

The problem is solved, and the desired result when using the utility model is also achieved by the fact that the clock mechanism for driving the pointer or time indicators contains at least one movable and at least one fixed elements and the above-mentioned device for automatic winding of a mechanical battery clockwork. In this case, the clock mechanism can be made with the possibility of using a heat engine to actuate auxiliary mechanisms or to give effect to decorative elements.

The problem is solved, and the desired result when using the utility model is also achieved by the fact that the mechanical watch contains a case and the aforementioned clock mechanism for moving the pointer or time indicators.

The problem is solved, and the desired result when using the utility model is also achieved by the fact that the heat engine of the mechanical watch contains a mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work, a massive displacer that changes its position under the influence of gravity, and at least one heat exchange capacity, in the confined space of which the working fluid makes a change in its volume due to alternate cooling and heating, and the movement of the working fluid from the region n heating to the cooling area and vice versa is carried out by a massive displacer.

In this case, the heat engine is configured to convert the temperature difference at the surface of the watch and the ambient temperature into the movement of the clock mechanism of a mechanical watch.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In the preferred, shown in the drawings, embodiments of an automatic winding / winding device of a mechanical battery of a clock mechanism by a heat engine and a heat engine, where the working fluid is moved by a massive displacer.

For simplicity of explanation of the design and operation of the automatic plant device, an embodiment of a mechanical accumulator in the form of a spring motor, and a mechanism for converting changes in the volume of the working fluid in the form of a bellows are given:

1 - heat transfer capacity,

2 - heater

3 - heat-insulating wall,

4 - cooler

5 - massive displacer,

6 - bellows,

7 - gear comb mechanism of the plant / winding,

8 - 1st wheel of the plant / winding,

9 - 2nd wheel of the plant / winding,

10 - 3rd wheel of the plant / winding,

11 - drum

12 - drum wheel

13 - dog

14 - clockwork wheel,

15 - tribal clockwork,

16 - cam clutch,

17 - crown

18 - the wheel is translated,

19 - convertible wheel,

20 - bill wheel

21 - tribe of the bill wheel,

22 - watch wheel,

23 - trib minute hand,

24 - the Central wheel,

25 - tribes of the central wheel,

26 - tribe of the intermediate wheel,

27 - intermediate wheel,

28 - second wheel

29 - tribes of a second wheel,

30 - tribe of the anchor wheel,

31 - anchor wheel,

32 - anchor fork,

33 - balance node

34 - gearbox.

In FIG. 1 shows a structural and functional diagram of a clockwork mechanism with a factory engine / winding mechanism operating from a heat engine, where the movement of the working fluid from the heater to the cooler and vice versa is carried out by a massive displacer, which shows the heat engine coupled by means of kinematic communication, the mechanism for converting pressure into mechanical movement, mechanism factory / winding spring motor, factory gear and switch hands, main wheel system, switch gear, gear, spu ck and regulator.

Also on the diagram, the dotted line marks the clockwork.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a clockwork with a heat engine for the plant / winding mechanism, where the movement of the working fluid from the heater to the cooler and vice versa is carried out by a massive displacer, which shows: heat exchange capacity 1, heater 2, heat-insulating wall 3, cooler 4, massive displacer 5, bellows 6, gear train of the mechanism of the plant / winding 7, 1st wheel of the plant / winding 8, 2nd wheel of the plant / winding 9, 3rd wheel of the plant / winding 10, drum 11, drum wheel 12, dog 13, clockwork wheel 14, tribe clockwork th 15, cam clutch 16, crown 17, gear wheel 18, gear wheel 19, bill wheel 20, bill wheel 21, clock wheel 22, minute tribe 23, central wheel 24, center wheel trib 25, intermediate wheel trib 26 , the intermediate wheel 27, the second wheel 28, the tribes of the second wheel 29, the tribes of the anchor wheel 30, the anchor wheel 31, the anchor fork 32, the balance unit 33, the gearbox 34.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows a heat engine in a mode without a temperature difference when the working fluid located in the heat exchange tank 1 is not exposed to heat, that is, the temperatures of the spaces in contact with the heater 2 and cooler 4, separated by the heat-insulating wall 3, are equal, the bellows 6 is compressed state, and massive displacer 5 can be located in almost any position.

In FIG. 4 shows the moment of expansion of the working fluid in the heat exchange tank 1 when it is moved by a massive displacer 5 from the cooler 4 to the heater 2, separated by a heat-insulating wall 3, which shows the expansion of the bellows 6.

In FIG. 5 shows the moment of operation of the heat engine when the working fluid is displaced from the heating region to the cooling region by a massive displacer 6, which shows: heat exchange capacity 1, heater 2, heat-insulating wall 3, cooler 4 and bellows 6 is compressed and tends to its original state.

In FIG. 6 shows the moment of operation of the heat engine during cooling of the working fluid, which shows: heat transfer capacity 1, heat-insulating wall 3, cooler 4, massive displacer 5 located near heater 3, and bellows 6 is compressed.

Utility Model Implementation

The utility model is a clock mechanism for a portable watch with a heat engine for automatic winding / winding of a mechanical battery, made in one embodiment in the form of a spring engine, which is driven by a temperature difference relative to the heat of the human body and the surrounding space, where the cycle changes the working volume body is set by gravitational forces.

As you know, a macroscopic system that is in constant external conditions always comes spontaneously into a state of thermodynamic equilibrium, which is characterized by the fact that:

1) all macroscopic changes in the system cease, each parameter characterizing the macroscopic property of the system has a constant value in time;

2) a system that has entered a state of thermodynamic equilibrium remains in this state for an arbitrarily long time.

For disturbance of balance external influences are necessary. [2]

The design is based on a heat engine equipped with a massive displacer moving under the action of gravity and removing the system inside the heat engine from thermodynamic equilibrium. The principle of operation of a heat engine is based on a change in the volume of a working fluid enclosed in an isolated space, with a change in the temperature of the space acting on the working fluid through the heat-conducting side of the engine.

It is possible to use liquids with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, such as ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, pentane, mercury, galinstan, acetone, etc., as a working fluid.

For simplicity of explanation of the purpose and design of the utility model, the mechanical accumulator is described as a spring engine, and the mechanism for converting changes in the volume of the working fluid in the form of a bellows.

In FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the basic design of a clockwork with a heat engine for a spring engine winding / winding plant, where the movement of the working fluid is carried out by a massive displacer moving under the action of gravitational forces.

As shown in the diagram shown in FIG. A 2-hour mechanism with a heat engine for automatic winding of a spring motor can be driven both with a preliminary single-winding of a spring motor with a crown 17, and without it, by changing the temperature expansion of the working fluid over time.

When changing the position of the mechanism in space, under the influence of gravitational forces, the massive displacer 5 moves from the heater 2 to the cooler 4 and vice versa. When moving the massive displacer 5, the working fluid is displaced from the heating region to the cooling region and vice versa, accompanied by a change in its volume and pressure inside the heat exchange tank 1. The displacement of the massive displacer 5 to the cooler 3 is accompanied by the displacement of the working fluid into the heating region, where, through the heater 2, the working fluid It is exposed to heat, leading to its expansion and increase in pressure inside the heat transfer tank. The displacement of the massive displacer 5 to the heater 2 is accompanied by the displacement of the working fluid into the cooling region, where it is cooled, leading to a decrease in its volume and pressure inside the heat exchange tank 1.

A change in the volume of the working fluid is accompanied by a change in the geometric parameters of the bellows 6, that is, by its movement. The working fluid is located in a sealed enclosed space of the heat-exchange cylinder 1, where only the conversion of pressure changes into mechanical movement, made in the form of a bellows 6, can set in motion its volume. An increase in volume will lead to expansion 6, and a decrease in volume will lead to compression bellows 6.

The increase in the volume of the working fluid is accompanied by the expansion of the bellows 6, which, moving upward through the system of levers, pushes the toothed comb of the plant / winding mechanism 7. The toothed comb of the plant / winding mechanism 7 is meshed with the 1st winding wheel 8, which is a ratchet mechanism, made in such a way that, when the working fluid is heated, it rotates the 2nd winding wheel 9 in a predetermined direction, which is on the same shaft with it and is engaged with the 3rd winding wheel 10, the rotation of which starts / winding the engine spring, and when cooled, the bellows 6 could return to its original position, without any resistance.

When the engine spring is turned on, the main wheel system is unwound, that is, the tribes of the central wheel 25 and the central wheel 24 meshed with the tribe of the intermediate wheel 26, where the intermediate wheel 27 is meshed with the tribe of the second wheel 29 and the second wheel 28 with the tribe 30 of the anchor wheel 31, the release of which is set by the anchor fork 32 and the balance node 33.

With the displacement of the massive displacer 5 to the heater 2, accompanied by cooling of the working fluid and a decrease in pressure inside the heat exchange tank 1, the bellows 6 returns to its original position.

It is also worth noting that the heater 2 is in contact with a space whose temperature is almost constant, while the cooler 4 can be in contact with spaces with different temperatures or in contact with a space where the temperature changes with time. The changing temperature of the space in contact with the cooler 4 will lead to a shift in thermal equilibrium inside the heat exchange tank 1, that is, a change in the volume of the working body, which in turn will change the geometric parameters of the bellows 6, that is, compress or expand it.

To increase the torque, the plant / winding mechanism is equipped with a gearbox 34.

The plant / winding mechanism can perform the plant both with one-way traffic, with heating, and two-way traffic, that is, with both heating and cooling using the two-way rotation switch.

It is worth noting that the heater 1 and cooler 4 are made of a material with a high coefficient of thermal conductivity, for example, aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper, copper alloy, silver, silver alloy or gold alloys.

For correct operation of the heat engine, the heater 1 should not be in contact with the surface of the body in contact with the cooler 4, that is, they should be separated by a material with very low thermal conductivity, for example composite, plastic, etc., and there should be no contact between them.

Features of the operation of the heat engine for the plant / winding mechanism in specific operating modes are shown in FIG. 3-6.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the mode when there is no temperature difference, that is, the system is in equilibrium. In this mode, the engine can only function when the ambient temperature changes.

In FIG. 4 shows the moment of heating and expansion of the working fluid under the influence of temperature through the heater 2, where the massive displacer 5 under the influence of gravity shifted to the cooler 4.

In FIG. 5 shows the moment of displacement of the working fluid from the heating region to the cooling region by a massive displacer 5 moving to the heater 2 under the action of gravitational forces.

In FIG. Figure 6 shows the moment of cooling of the working fluid and a decrease in its volume, where the massive displacer 5, under the action of gravity, has shifted to the heater 2.

The heat engine of the winding spring mechanism of the clockwork engine is designed so that it can operate regardless of which side of the heater 2 or cooler 4 is subjected to a higher thermal effect, that is, the main presence of the temperature difference between the spaces in contact with the heater and cooler is for functioning.

The displacer can be made of a material having low thermal conductivity and high density, for example, composite material, plastic, elastomer, ceramic, etc.

The heater 2 and cooler 4 are made of a material with a high coefficient of thermal conductivity, for example, aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper, copper alloy, silver, silver alloy or gold alloys.

Heater 2 and cooler 4 for intensification of heat transfer can have fins, grooves, etc. on the surface.

The clock mechanism may have several heat engines for automatic winding of a mechanical battery.

The clock mechanism with a heat engine for the plant / winding mechanism, in which the movement of the working fluid from the heating region to the cooling region and vice versa is carried out by a massive displacer, can be made with the possibility of transmitting the movement of the massive displacer to the winding mechanism of the clock engine through a transmission mechanism (magnetic clutch, system leverage, etc.).

Clock mechanism with a heat engine for the mechanism of the plant / winding, can be performed with standard automatic winding mechanisms capable of working both with the mechanism of the plant / winding operating from a heat engine, and separately from each other.

As follows from the description, it will not be difficult for a specialist to understand that the clock mechanism can have a mechanical battery made in the form of either a spring battery or a hydraulic, rubber, pneumatic, weight-lifting or flywheel mechanical battery. In this case, the principle of energy transfer to it will not change, but only the working element of the mechanical accumulator will change, through which the work will be transferred to the mechanical accumulator.

It is also clear that the mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work can be performed not only in the form of a bellows, but also in the form of a membrane (due to vibrational movement, that is, its extension and contraction), or a working piston in a working cylinder and other similar mechanisms. This is due to the fact that the above mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work is based on converting the energy of movement of a volume-changing fluid (working fluid) into a reciprocating movement of the mechanism.

The clock mechanism can be made with the possibility of using a heat engine, both to perform the main task, automatic winding of the mechanical accumulator, and to perform secondary tasks, for example, actuating auxiliary mechanisms or giving action to decorative elements.

Clock mechanism with a heat engine for automatic winding of the spring engine, made with the possibility of the plant spring engine as when heating so when cooling the working fluid.

The description discloses one possible embodiment of the utility model, which in no way limits the possible variants of its execution.

The clock mechanism can be basic, commercially available, both in a standard version, and with additional refinement, for example, the frictional external end of a winding spring, to provide a "endless winding" of the spring and prevent its breakage or overvoltage.

As options for the execution of individual elements of the case, parts, watch assemblies, various known and traditional for watch production technologies, materials, and structural solutions commonly used in watchmaking technology can be used [4, 5, 6, 7].

Thus, the achievement of the required technical result, namely:

- the main problem of heat engines working from temperature differences is solved, which consists in the fact that for a long time the temperature of the surrounding spaces is not varied, the system inside the heat engine, striving for thermal equilibrium, gives less useful work, because the massive displacer constantly puts the system out of balance.

Thus, an increase in reliability is achieved when using a clock mechanism with automatic winding of a mechanical battery of a clock mechanism and an increase in accuracy due to the use of a heat engine, which is made to operate even in the absence of a temperature difference. As follows from the description, the implementation of the utility model also provides an increase in the power of automatic winding and the possibility of using additional devices as a drive in hours.

The analysis also shows that all the general and particular features of the utility model are essential, since each of them is necessary, and all together they are not only sufficient to achieve the goal of the utility model, but also allow it to be implemented in an industrial way

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. http://remontchasov.ucoz.ru/index/avtopodzavod v chasakh / 0-45.

2. A.G. Samoilovich. Thermodynamics and statistical physics. - M.: Gostekhizdat, 1955. - S. 10. - 368 p.

3. Axelrod M. Theory and design of time devices. "Engineering", Leningrad, 1969, p. 45-47

4. Kharitonchuk A.P. Reference book for watch repair, M., 1977, p. 18, 21.

5. Romanov A.D. Designing time devices. M., 1975, p. 140.

6. Tarasov S.V. Technology of watch production, M., 1963.

7. Popova V.D., Goldberg N.B. Device and assembly technology of watches. M., 1989 /

Claims (22)

1. A device for automatically winding a mechanical battery of a clock mechanism, characterized in that it comprises a heat engine configured to convert the temperature difference at two different points in space into mechanical movement transmitted to the mechanical battery of the clock mechanism, while the heat engine comprises a working fluid located in closed heat exchange capacity, a displacer freely moving inside this capacity under the action of gravitational attraction, and the mechanism conversion of pressure changes into mechanical motion. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the mechanical transmission from the heat engine to the mechanical battery is carried out by the winding mechanism. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the heat engine is configured to convert the temperature difference at the surface of the watch and the ambient temperature into the movement of the clock mechanism of a mechanical watch. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the mechanical battery is made in the form of a spring, hydraulic, pneumatic, weight-lifting, flywheel or rubber mechanical battery. 5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the mechanical battery of the clock mechanism can be started using the crown (18). 6. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the heat engine contains at least one mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work and at least one heat transfer tank (1). 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacer (6) of the heat engine moves, as a result of which the working fluid moves from the heating region to the cooling region or vice versa, which is accompanied by a change in its volume and pressure inside the heat exchange tank (1). 8. The device according to p. 7, characterized in that the heat engine is configured to heat the working fluid of the heat engine by heating the heat-conducting side (3) of the heat-exchange capacity (1) with the surrounding space. 9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the heat engine is configured to cool the working fluid of the heat engine by transferring heat through the heat-conducting surface (5) to the environment and cooling the surface (5) of the heat-exchange capacity (1) by the environment. 10. The device according to p. 8, characterized in that to intensify the heating of the heat engine, the heat-conducting side (3) of the heat-exchange capacity (1) is made of a material with a high coefficient of thermal conductivity, for example, aluminum, aluminum, copper, copper alloy, silver, alloy silver or gold alloys. 11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that to intensify cooling on the cooling heat-conducting surface (5) of the heat-exchange capacity (1), ribs, grooves or additional cooling elements are made. 12. The device according to p. 7, characterized in that the heat engine is configured to use as a cooler or heater the sides of the watch case or the side of the dial, and as a heat sink and heater or cooler, back cover or parts of the back cover of the watch case, with a heat-insulating material located between them with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity. 13. The device according to p. 7, characterized in that the heat engine is designed so that the heat-conducting side (3) can act as a cooler, while the cooler (5) can perform the heating function. 14. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the heat engine is configured to use a liquid with a large coefficient of linear expansion as ethanol — ethanol, methyl alcohol, acetone, diethyl or ethyl ether, mercury, and galinstan. 15. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the heat engine is made with the possibility of joint functioning with other engines. 16. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work is made in the form of a working cylinder with a working piston. 17. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work is made in the form of a membrane. 18. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the mechanism for converting changes in fluid pressure into mechanical work is made in the form of a bellows. 19. A clock mechanism for driving a pointer or time indicators, containing at least one movable and at least one fixed elements and a device for automatically winding a mechanical battery of a clock mechanism according to any one of paragraphs 1-18. 20. The clock mechanism according to claim 19, characterized in that the clock mechanism can be configured to use a heat engine to actuate the auxiliary mechanisms or to give effect to the decorative elements. 21. A mechanical watch comprising a case and a clock mechanism for driving a pointer or time indicators according to any one of paragraphs 19 or 20. 22. A thermal engine of a mechanical watch, comprising a mechanism for converting a pressure change into a mechanical movement, at least one heat exchange capacity in a closed space of which the working fluid changes its volume due to alternate cooling and heating, and a displacer freely moving inside this capacity under the action of force gravitational attraction.

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