RU13795U1 - INSTALLATION FOR ACTIVE CARBON - Google Patents

Abstract

(54) Installation for producing activated carbon (57) A utility model relates to the field of thermal processing of solid materials containing organic matter in order to obtain activated carbons.

The technical problem to be solved: ul / reading of the quality of activated carbon, intensification of heat and mass transfer processes, more complete use of thermal potential, increase in the life of the combustion chamber.

The installation for producing activated carbon comprises a dryer, pyrolyzer and activator connected in series with separate input and output units of solid and gaseous phases, a cooler and classifier with input and output units of a solid phase, and a boiler equipped with a 2-circuit burner. The activator is equipped with a combustion chamber with a burner installed on its upper hood, equipped with an upper part located inside a vertical cavity and connected to the exhaust vessel of the waste heat boiler, and the lower part is open towards the outlet gas pipeline, which is a continuation of the lower part of the combustion chamber and installed vertically. The outlet of the vapor-gas mixture from the activator is connected to a gas pipeline entering vertically into the pyrolyzer mixing chamber, the lower section of the gas pipeline being located at a distance of 3 5 calibers from its bottom, and the solid phase inlet and the dust-gas stream outlet are located in the upper part of the mixing chamber, in 11) The steam piping with an inlet pipe connected to the steam boiler of the recovery boiler and output steam pipes open in the internal volume of the pyrolyzer is disconnected to it from the parts of the pyrolyzer case, the outlet of the gas-vapor mixture from the reactor is connected to the gas th input to the dryer gas outlet of which is connected to the outer contour of the contour 2 of the recovery boiler burner and the lower part of the activator is provided with a discharging unit connected to the cooling load of output node coupled to an input to the classifier.

The axis of the outlet steam nozzles in the internal volume of the pyrolyzer is directed towards the unloading unit.

Description

Activated carbon plant

The utility model relates to the field of thermal processing of solid materials containing organic matter in order to obtain activated carbons.

An installation for producing activated carbon comprises a dryer, pyrolyzer and activator connected in series with separate input and output units of solid and gaseous phases, a cooler and classifier with input and output units of a solid phase and a waste heat boiler equipped with a 2-circuit burner. The activator is equipped with a combustion chamber with a burner installed on its upper cover, provided with a vertical cavity located inside and the upper part of which is connected to the dry boiler of the recovery boiler, and the lower part is open towards the outlet gas pipeline, which is a continuation of the lower part of the combustion chamber and installed vertically. The outlet of the vapor-gas mixture from the activator is connected to a gas pipeline vertically entering the pyrolyzer mixing chamber, the lower section of the gas pipeline being located at a distance of 3 to 5 calibers from its bottom, and the solid phase inlet and dust-gas stream outlet are located in the upper part of the mixing chamber, in the lower part of the pyrolyzer there is a steam line with an inlet pipe connected to the steam boiler of the recovery boiler and with output steam pipes open into the internal volume of the pyrolyzer. the outlet of the gas mixture from the reactor is connected to the gas inlet to the dryer, the gas outlet from which is connected to the external circuit of the 2-circuit burner of the recovery boiler, and the lower part of the activator is equipped with an unloading unit connected to the cooler loading unit, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet to the classifier.

A device for producing carbon adsorbents is known, including a sequentially connected pneumatic separator, a dryer, a carbonization reactor, an activation chamber with material loading and unloading units, and a waste heat boiler / I /.

The disadvantage of this device is the insufficiently good quality of the activated carbon due to the higher ash content resulting from the combustion of a fine fraction in the carbonization reactor

2000104414

eleven

MPK7S01 V 31/08

the source material coming from the dryer, as well as for increased burning of a large fraction at the stage of carbonization.

The closest to the claimed utility model in terms of construction, principle of operation and the result achieved is an installation for producing activated carbon, comprising a dryer, a carbonizer reactor and an activation chamber with a semi-coke loading unit and an active carbon unloading unit and a recovery boiler in which the activation chamber is provided externally an oxidizing gasification chamber, the inlet of which is connected by a pipeline to the exit of the gas mixture from the dryer, and the outlet with the inlet of the recovery boiler in which n the coil, and the exit from the coil through the discharge unit of the carbonization reactor is connected to the activation chamber by a pipe, which is installed vertically in the upper part of the activation chamber, the outlet of the gas-vapor mixture from the activation chamber is connected by the pipeline, which is installed vertically in the upper part of the carbonization reactor and the outlet of the gas-vapor mixture from the carbonization reactor is connected to the dryer by a pipe, which is installed vertically in the upper part of the dryer / 2 /.

The disadvantage of this device is that the material is heated in the activator to a temperature of 850-880 C through its walls, which makes it more demanding for their design and heat resistance, activation is carried out with pure water vapor, which causes its increased consumption, and in the boiler the utilizer is introduced from the oxidizer gasification chamber of the activator only the products of complete combustion of the gas-gas mixture and the fine fraction, which reduces its heat productivity.

This useful model is intended to intensify the heat transfer process, reduce the heat load on the walls of the activator, increase the heat output of the boiler and improve the quality of activated carbon due to the simultaneous heating and activation of the material with a mixture of water vapor and non-oil fuel combustion products, combustion of a small fraction of the feedstock together with combined-cycle pyrolysis products and gasification (activation), and the involvement in the process of resin fractions of pyrolysis products by condensation on a particle x feedstock.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the installation for producing activated carbon contains a series-connected dryer-adsorber, pyrolyzer and activator with separate input and output units of solid and gaseous phases, a cooler and classifier with input and output units of the solid phase

and a waste heat boiler equipped with a 2-circuit burner. The activator is equipped with a combustion chamber with a burner device located on its upper cover, equipped with an upper part located inside a vertical cavity and connected to the exhaust vessel of the waste heat boiler, and the lower part is open towards the outlet gas pipeline, which is a continuation of the lower part of the combustion chamber and installed vertically. The outlet of the vapor-gas mixture from the activator is connected to a gas pipeline vertically entering the mixing chamber of the nirolizer, the lower section of the gas pipeline being located at a distance of 3 to 5 calibers from its bottom, and the inlet of the solid phase and the outlet of the dust and gas stream are located in the upper part of the mixing chamber, in the lower part of the pyrolyzer, a rameggzen carbon wire with an inlet pipe connected to the steam boiler of the recovery boiler and with output steam pipes open into the internal volume of the pyrolyzer, the vapor-gas mixture exits the soiechinett reactor with gas in ode to the dryer, the gas outlet from which is connected to the external circuit of the 2-circuit burner of the recovery boiler, and the lower part of the activator is equipped with an unloading unit connected to the cooler loading unit, the outlet of which is connected to the input to the classifier.

Steam pipes in the internal volume of the pyrolyzer are directed towards its discharge unit.

Providing the activator with a combustion chamber with a burner allows the high-temperature activating agent to be obtained and introduced into the activator in the form of a mixture of gaseous products of the combustion of external fuel with water bed. Obtaining an activating agent, which is also a heat carrier, immediately before the activator reduces heat loss and intensifies the teno and mass transfer activation processes.

The introduction of water vapor into the upper part of the vertically located cavity inside the combustion chamber and its exit from the lower part allows the steam to be heated to a high temperature while protecting the chamber walls from overheating.

A gas pipeline installed vertically with respect to the layer of the material to be processed ensures the introduction of the gas-vapor flow into the layer in the form of a “sharp jet, which ensures intensive heat and mass transfer of the activation process.

The supply of the pyrolyzer with a vertical gas line entering from above into the displacement chamber, the lower section of which is located at a distance of 3–5 calibers from the bottom of the mixing chamber, when the processed material is introduced into the chamber and gaseous products are discharged from above, it allows the chamber to exist

suspended, constantly updated layer, which ensures the intensity of heat and mass transfer processes.

The organization of the gas-vapor flow movement in countercurrent mode with the movement of solid material makes it possible to fully use its thermal potential and to condense most of the resin components of the gas-vapor mixture on the particles of the starting material at the drying temperature, which increases the strength characteristics of activated carbon and increases its yield.

The supply of the pyrolyzer with steam nozzles in the internal volume directed towards its loading unit ensures the constant existence of a solid phase in its lower part of the movable layer, which improves the conditions of heat and mass transfer and thereby contributes to the processes of gas evolution and carbonization and facilitates the unloading of the solid phase from the pyrolyzer.

The introduction of steam-gas flow into the external circuit of a 2-circuit burner allows you to organize efficient combustion of dusty low-calorie gas.

The utility model is illustrated by a drawing, Fig. 1, where a schematic illustration of an installation for producing activated carbon is shown.

An apparatus for producing activated carbon contains a series-connected activator-1 with a solid phase discharge unit-2 and an outlet gas pipeline-3 with a combustion chamber-4 mounted on its top cover with a burner device-5, equipped with a cavity-6 with a nozzle-7 for water inlet steam and an open ring exit in the direction of the outlet gas pipeline-8, located vertically; pyrolyzer-9 with loading units-10 and unloading-11, gas pipeline-12, which enters vertically into the mixing chamber-13, equipped with an outlet separator-I and an outlet gas pipeline-15, steam pipeline-16 with an inlet pipe-17 and outlet bore pipes-18 ; dryer-19 with load-20 and discharge-21 units of the source material in conveyor-22, gas inlet-23 and gas outlet-24, connected to the external circuit of the two-stage burner-25 of the recovery boiler-26, steamer-27 of which is connected by a wire-28 with the inlet pipe-7 of the activator combustion chamber; cooler-29 with unloading unit-30 and classifier-31.

Installation works as follows;

The unit organizes two flows in countercurrent mode: - a large fraction of the solid phase in the direction: pyrolyzer dryer - activator - cooler - classifier

- reptile phase in the direction: boiler steam boiler - burner

device - activator - pyrolyzer - dryer - boiler burner. The initial multifractional feed is supplied to dryer-19 through the loading unit-20 where it is subjected to pneumatic separation with simultaneous drying due to contact with the vapor-gas products of nirolysis entering the dryer from the pyrolyzer-9 through gas pipeline-15. Simultaneously with drying, condensation of high-boiling resin fractions from the vapor-gas mixture occurs and their deposition on particles. A large fraction of the dry feed from the dryer via conveyor-22, through the feed-10 is fed continuously from above into the mixing chamber-13 of the pyrolyzer. At the same time, a vapor-gas mixture from the activator is fed into the mixing chamber from above through a vertical gas pipeline-12, which, reflected from the bottom of the mixing chamber, organizes a weighted circulating, constantly renewed layer in which the processes of heating the raw material to the pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis and partial carbonization of particles are carried out. By a gas stream, particles are carried out from the mixing chamber through the output separator-14 and, having separated from the gas stream, accumulate in the lower part of the pyrolyzer for a certain time sufficient to complete the carbonization and gas evolution processes, eventually forming a semicoke layer in the lower part of the nirolizer. In the lower part of the internal volume of the pyrolyzer through the outlet steam nozzles-18, a water bed is continuously fed from the steam pipe-16 where it enters through the inlet-pipe-17 from the sukhoparnik-27. Due to the dynamic effect of the jets of the lower part

the nirolizer forms a constantly renewed mobile layer of the solid phase (semi-coke), which contributes to the processes of gas evolution and carbonization. Periodically, the coke is fed in portions through the unloading unit-11 to the activator-1.

The steam-gas flow from the pyrolyzer, which is a mixture of water vapor, pyrolysis products, gasification products and fine dust, leaves the pyrolyzer through the gas outlet 15 and through the gas inlet-23 continuously enters the dryer-19 from where, having given the heat to dry the source material together with the fine fraction the feedstock enters through the gas outlet-24 into the external circuit of the burner-25 of the recovery boiler-26.

The heat released during the combustion of the steam-gas mixture is used to prepare water vapor, which from the steam tank-27 through the steam pipe-28 enters the inward cavity of the combustion chamber-6 located on the top cover of the activator-1 and into the steam pipe-16 of the pyrolyzer.

in burner-5, external fuel (natural gas or diesel fuel) and gaseous products of complete combustion are burned, mixed with vod1-n-1M steam in the lower part of the combustion chamber, they are introduced in the form of a sharp jet from above into the layer through a vertical inlet gas pipeline-8 a semi-coke pre-carbonized in a pyrolyzer and nodated to the activator in the form of a certain portion through the unloading unit-1 1.

The high-temperature vapor-gas flow, introducing itself into the semicoke layer, transfers it to a suspended spruce state and in this state, gasification (activation) processes occur with high intensity over a given period of time, leading ultimately to the formation of a porous active particle structure, which is the ultimate goal of the process .

Ready activated carbon is discharged through cooler-29 through unloading unit-29, from where, after cooling, through unloading unit-30 it enters classifier-3 and is then put into packaging in the form of finished products.

Thus, the totality of these significant problems reduces heat loss and increases the service life of the combustion chamber of a burner-burner device, allows the fullest possible use of the thermal potential of the gas-vapor stream and improves the quality of the final product - activated carbon, due to the condensation of resins on the surfaces of the particles of the feedstock, and also makes it possible to use in the main apparatuses of the installation of a single principle for organizing heat and mass transfer processes — the formation of a layer of material suspended by a sharp jet gas supplied from above. This principle allows us to make simple, single-type, structural solutions of OCHOBFILIX technological devices, while at the same time ensuring the high intensity of heat and mass transfer processes.

Sources of information: 1. Carbon, 1989, 27, p. 22-23.

2, RF Patent N 2051094 “Method for the production of activated carbon and Uetanovka for its implementation

Dvoskin G.P1.

Claims (2)

1. Installation for producing activated carbon, containing a series-connected dryer-adsorber, pyrolyzer and activator with separate input and output units of solid and gaseous phases, a cooler and classifier with input and output units of a solid phase and a waste heat boiler equipped with a 2-loop burner characterized in that the activator is equipped with a combustion chamber mounted on its upper cover with a burner device equipped with a vertical cavity located inside, the upper part of which is connected to the steam boiler of the waste heat recovery boiler ora, and the lower part is open towards the outlet gas pipeline, which is a continuation of the lower part of the combustion chamber and installed vertically, the outlet of the vapor-gas mixture from the activator is connected to the gas pipeline entering vertically into the pyrolyzer mixing chamber, and the lower section of the gas pipeline is located at a distance of 3-5 of calibers from its bottom, and the input of the solid phase and the exit of the dust and gas stream are located in the upper part of the mixing chamber, in the lower part of the pyrolyzer there is a steam pipe with an inlet pipe connected to the steam boiler of the isator and with the outlet steam tubes open into the internal volume of the pyrolyzer, the outlet of the vapor-gas mixture from the reactor is connected to the gas inlet to the dryer, the gas outlet from which is connected to the external circuit of the 2-circuit burner of the recovery boiler, and the lower conical part of the activator is equipped with an unloading unit connected to the cooler loading unit, the output of which is connected to the input to the classifier. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the output steam nozzles in the internal volume of the pyrolyzer are directed towards the unloading unit.