RU130780U1 - COMBINED COWLER FOR DIFFERENT SEEDING AND FERTILIZER SEEDING - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Combined opener for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing on an untreated background, including a stand with a holder, chisel, seed tube and fertilizer duct with an expander, characterized in that the bit is made in the form of a wedge. 2. The opener according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizer spreader has the form of two wedges.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for sowing and fertilizing.

A device is known which comprises a disc coulter with a vas deferens and a bead conduit and two chisel-shaped paws. The piping of each chisel-shaped paw has an oblique cutout and is equipped with a knife valve fixed in the lower part. The location of the paws provides local fertilizer application in the form of vertically arranged ribbons to the side and below the seeds. (RU 2415544 C2, A01C 7/20, A01B 49/06, 04/10/2011, Combined chisel opener “Valve-knife”). The disadvantage of this design is that this coulter is multi-link, which leads to its increased metal consumption and energy intensity, and also reduces the reliability of the sowing process.

Known opener for multilevel focal application of mineral fertilizers including a slotting machine, with two shields attached to it. Between the shields on the axis, a sleeve is located. On the sleeve are installed: a disk with Z-shaped plates and a disk with L-shaped plates rigidly attached to its outer part. The outer surface of the disc is covered by a casing. In the upper and lower parts of the casing, a loading window and an unloading window for fertilizer exit are respectively made. A separator plate is installed under the discharge window, located along the direction of movement of the unit. “Opener for multi-level focal application of mineral fertilizers”, (RU 2368116 C2, АСС 15/00, 09/27/2009). The disadvantage of this device is that the coulter has a complex design, which is a coulter, combined with the sowing apparatus, which is a limitation in choosing a rational form of the coulter

The objective of the utility model is to improve the quality of sowing seeds and fertilizing at different depths by installing a combined opener for sowing and fertilizing at the same time.

This object is achieved in that the coulter for sowing seeds is chisel-shaped in the form of a wedge, the angle of the solution of which does not exceed the maximum angle of friction of the soil against steel (about 30 degrees), and two expanders, for applying mineral fertilizers with the possibility of sowing on an untreated background. Fertilizers are applied simultaneously with sowing 4 cm deeper than seeding from two sides 2-3 cm to the side of them. The expander 5, which serves for the application of mineral fertilizers, has the form of two wedges. The angle of the dilator solution is equal to the angle of the bit solution.

The opener design provides the possibility of sowing without fertilizing at lower energy costs due to the fact that the expander is a removable element of the combined opener and, if necessary, can not be used

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the opener (General view).

Figure 2 - scheme of sowing by the opener on an unprocessed background.

The opener for sowing according to an untreated background consists of stand 1 and holder 2, on the frontal surface of stand 1 a chisel 3 is fixed, made in the form of a wedge, the angle of the solution of which does not exceed the maximum angle of soil friction against steel (about 30 degrees) and is designed to form a furrow inside the holder of the rack is located vas deferens 4, behind the rack on the right and left sides are expanders 5 placed inside the pipelines 6 for the application of mineral fertilizers. The angle of the dilator solution is equal to the angle of the bit solution and is its continuation.

The operation of the device is as follows. When the coulter is deepened, bit 3 cuts a gap in the soil for the passage of the rack.

Stand 1, passing along the formed gap, spreads the soil and makes a groove into which seeds 7 are fed to a given depth through the seed tube 4. With the expanders 5, the loosened soil is taken to the sides, and two grooves for fertilizing 8 are cut, the bases of which are located symmetrically on the sides of the opener and lower relative to the strip of sowing seeds. Fertilizers are applied simultaneously with the sowing of seeds deeper than their seeding by 3-4 cm on both sides 2-3 cm to the side of them. Chisel 3 and expander 5 are interchangeable elements, the geometric parameters of which can vary depending on the physical and mechanical composition of soils.

The use of this coulter allows for sowing on untreated soil background when combining the operations of sowing and fertilizing symmetrically on the sides and below the strip of sown seeds. Such an oriented placement of fertilizers relative to the sown seeds contributes to the uniform development of the root system during their growing season, ensuring the germination of seedlings and increasing productivity.

Information sources:

1. RU 2415544 C2, A01C 7/20, A01B 49/06, 04/10/2011, Combined chisel opener “Valve-knife”. Belokopytov V.N., Smetnev A.S., Skobeev I.N .;

2. RU 2368116 C2, A01C 15/00, 09/27/2009. Opener for multi-level focal application of mineral fertilizers. Sucheratin N.F., Sakhnov A.V.

Claims (2)

1. Combined opener for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing on an untreated background, including a stand with a holder, chisel, seed tube and fertilizer duct with an expander, characterized in that the bit is made in the form of a wedge. 2. The opener according to claim 1, characterized in that the spreader for fertilizing has the form of two wedges.

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