RU126892U1 - MODULAR ELEMENTS OF HYDROPONIC INSTALLATION OF MIXED TYPE FOR CREATION OF VERTICAL GARDENS AND VERTICAL GARDENS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A modular element of a mixed type hydroponic installation for creating vertical gardens of unlimited size, made of plastic, consisting of a body, which in side section is a rhombus with an angle of 60 degrees, having technological holes for mounting on a vertical surface, equipped with technological holes for organization of an internal drip irrigation system, foliage irrigation and air humidification, a drainage hole that can be used to aerate the root system of the oxygen plant odor, carbon dioxide, covers of various options in color, heat and light reflecting properties, a non-woven fabric filter to filter moisture penetrating the drainage layer; provides for the placement of three types of fillers - a moisture-retaining layer located along the inner perimeter of the module, a drainage layer and soil for a certain type of plant, or an inert filler for hydroponic technology, a compartment for collecting excess moisture; used as a module for vertical gardening, humidifier. 2. A modular element of a hydroponic installation of a mixed type for creating vertical kitchen gardens of unlimited size, made of plastic, consisting of a body, which in side section is a rhombus with an angle of 60 degrees, having technological holes for mounting on a vertical surface, equipped with technological holes for organizing the system internal drip irrigation, leaf irrigation and air humidification, a drainage hole that can be used to aerate the root system of the puss

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the technology of vertical gardening and can be used for landscaping, interiors, winter gardens, street gardening, greenhouses

State of the art

Known options for units and devices of hydroponic plants developed by the author and described in patents for utility model No. 76774 “Moss-peat block (options) and hydroponic installation based on them”, No. 104820 “Modular element and design of a mixed type hydroponic installation for vertical landscaping.

Current Utility Model - An Improved Modular Element for Mixed Type Hydroponic Installation

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to create samples for the mass production of modular elements for vertical gardening.

The developed technology, modular elements, and the design of mixed-type hydroponic plants make it possible to create vertical gardens and kitchen gardens on the street and indoors.

The vertical garden allows you to place a large number of plants in a limited area, which is especially true in cities. The vertical garden has a healing effect due to volatile production of plants. The vertical garden qualitatively improves the parameters of the environment - it removes to a large extent chemical, radiation, biological pollution of the atmosphere, absorbs noise, increases humidity, removes visual pollution, improves the mental state of a person; Vertical gardens relate to health-saving products, to products that improve the environment. These topics are relevant for any person, and pricing is focused on creating a product that is accessible to the wallet of the average citizen, not only in Moscow but also in the region. Vertical gardens in the dwellings allow the year round to expel greens for food. The design and filling of the blocks imitate the conditions of the natural growth of the plant. Therefore, plants feel good with the simplest care.

Our differences from other vertical gardens. The development and promotion of vertical gardening technology, adapted to the conditions of Russia, is based on the development of a mixed-type hydroponic installation for creating vertical gardens and vegetable gardens. The modular element of a hydroponic installation is the unit, the production of which is oriented by our organization.

Blocks (container) of the original design with the original content for vertical gardening, designed to create vertical gardens and vertical gardens (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4)

Differences: The block we developed is a modular element of an original design, which is assembled into a hydroponic installation of a mixed type in various ways into original designs (mounting frames, a structure made of thin-walled aluminum profile, MDF structure, perforated structure construction). Our differences and advantages in comparison with analogues. It differs in its content. The block accommodates 3 different types of soils - fertile soil for planting a plant, a moisture-intensive drive (floristic foam), and drainage. It is equipped with a system of root watering, an irrigation system, a system for draining excess moisture. The possibility of aeration of the root system. In the case and in the module cover there are technological holes for organizing an irrigation system, irrigation, aeration of the root system. Optimum conditions are created for plants, bringing them closer to the conditions of natural growth. The system of irrigation, irrigation, drainage of excess moisture is mounted in the technological holes of the module and consists of 6 mm, 16 mm hoses, droppers of various capacities and diffusers, which are drain funnels during the organization of the drainage system of excess moisture (figure 1). Marked with yellow circles.

- The original form of the container is in the context of a rhombus with angles of 60 degrees, suggests the possibility of a comfortable location of the root system of the plant. The volume of soil for placing the roots is 6, 5 liters. The blocks during installation create a single vertical surface. On the back side of the block are technological holes that allow you to attach the blocks to a vertical surface. Currently we have developed various options

fasteners, racks, furniture for placement of modules. We will not break spears, discussing with the adherents of hydroponics. Hydroponics is the cultivation of plants without soil (soil). Most western vertical walls are built according to the laws of aeroponics, or periodic irrigation of the root system of a plant with a nutrient solution. Strictly speaking, peat fillers can also be attributed to hydroponic materials. These fillers (expanded clay, peat, perlite, etc.) do not contain living organisms and this has its pros and cons. The plant receives nutrition from the solution and is less susceptible to diseases due to soil sterility. Soil, if not sterilized before planting, can be a source of many troubles. But it was not without reason that the Germans exported Ukrainian black soil with compounds during the war. Soil microorganisms are actively involved in the nutrition and photosynthesis of plants. It is for this reason that cucumbers grown in a nutrient solution so differ in taste from ground cucumbers. We recommend adding humus and other consortia of soil bacteria to the soil in blocks. But our blocks give scope for creativity to both hydroponic lovers and specialists who prefer working with soil.

- The ratio of the three types of fillers creates optimal conditions for the maintenance of plants. On the back of the wall, on the sides and under the solid part of the lid (around the perimeter), a moisture-resistant soil (98%) is placed in the container, which preserves water with a total volume of 2.5 liters. Moisture-resistant soil rests on the back of the container at the bottom of the container, where excess moisture is collected, from where it rises upward to the roots of the plants along the captive system of the sponge. When watering, excess moisture from the soil is absorbed by a sponge, which allows the roots of the plant not to rot. When the soil dries, the roots of the plants tend to a source of moisture with nutrition and pump it with their roots as a pump from a moisture-intensive filler. The plant takes as much as he needs. Above the moisture-intensive receiver, due to which rare watering is carried out (every 2-6 weeks, depending on the season and temperature), drainage is placed. In this area there is a drain of excess moisture during overflow of the unit. Overfilling of the plant in most cases leads to greater problems than underfilling. In this part, a drainage hole is placed, which can be left open, or by installing a system for draining excess moisture, and closed into a single network of tubes. Through this channel we recommend sometimes to drive air out with an aquarium compressor, and for tasks of growing food and CO2. On top of the drainage is the soil in which the roots of the plant are located. If these are ornamental plants, and you are a supporter of hydroponics, you can plant the plant in the filler (perlite, expanded clay, vermiculite, or mixed composites) that you like to work with. Soils hold the plant and do not allow it to "fall out" even with significant green mass. We recommend the use of soils developed for different types of plants, in which case we recommend that they include soil rich in necessary microorganisms for the plant nutrition process. This is especially true for growing vegetables on a vertical bed for food. In the device of the block for growing gardens in the building, it is possible to place 4 pallets (Figure 3), three of which serve as beds, and the fourth (lower) creates the possibility of excess moisture formed during watering of plants accumulate in the lower corner of the case. In this case, we do not use drainage, the water rises upward through the capillary system of the moisture receiving soil. In this case, we use 2 types of soil - moisture-receiving and fertile soil, drainage is not needed. Wet soil is placed on the back of the unit

Several options for the execution of modules of vertical gardens are possible, which is achieved by the introduction of various additives in plastic:

1. For the use of premises with a permanent stay of people (basic model).

2. For use at low temperatures or storage in winter conditions in the cold.

3. With increased fire safety requirements.

4. For use in places exposed to direct sunlight.

5. The front part of the blocks (cover) is traditionally black in color to more highlight the beauty of the plant. On request (from 500 pcs), covers of any color can be made, flexographic printing is possible. Light gray covers with light and heat-reflecting properties are developed, which is important when direct sunlight falls on a vertical garden

- The presence of droppers for irrigation and irrigation of each unit reduces the amount of manual labor during maintenance. When a disease occurs due to the autonomy of the irrigation system, it does not spread to neighboring plants

- Energy saving. The hydroponic system assumes that with a frequency of 4 hours, a pump is turned on, which runs for 5 minutes, i.e. 90 minutes per day, 45 hours of continuous operation every month. In our case, the operation of the pump for irrigation for 15 minutes 2 times a month, i.e. 0.5 hours per month.

- In a fit. Our experts plant each block with a separate plant on their table, then bring the blocks to the installation site. In other systems, the plant is planted in the filler in each pocket of the phytowall, located, for example, at a height of 2 meters

- In transportation Phytostalls planted with plants are loaded entirely into motor vehicles, which is in some way limited by the size of the machine. In our case, the size of vehicles is not important, which is especially true for urban conditions. And if transportation occurs in the winter. It is easier to insulate each container, with a large panel it is more difficult.

- In installation. Installation in our case involves the choice of designs, respectively, the choice of economic opportunities, finishing material, reducing labor costs (one unit is easier to mount than a canvas, the ability to create configurations according to the customer's tasks). We initially offer a line of block mounting methods. Competitors are limited in the choice of designs and decoration of a vertical garden

- In service. In the phytowalls of the western analogues, the roots of ALL plants of the vertical garden are sprayed from one source with a nutrient solution located at the bottom of the wall in the reservoir with the nutrient solution. Service by their specialists - once a week. You and I got one plant from a phytostall (root rot). The nutrient solution sprayed the roots of the diseased plant and STEC into a common reservoir, from which the roots of ALL plants are irrigated every 4 hours in a circle. What will happen next, a week before the arrival of a specialist? Treat the plants (ALL) will be a specialist who comes once a week (if a service contract is concluded). In our case, a specialist (or amateur) will replace one block. Remove it and figure out the cause of the problem. Solves this problem by replacing one block. We work on soils within the framework of the national tradition, but we create optimal conditions for the plant in the form of a block, the composition of fillers, and the placement of an irrigation system. The hole at the bottom of the container (excess moisture drainage system) is multifunctional. The hoses of the drain blocks, connected in a single system, allow air (comfort for the plant) to be supplied to the drainage layer using a compressor, and what may be important for growing vegetables is carbon dioxide, which affects the acceleration of photosynthesis.

- Change of exposure. Competitors have the opportunity to plant the composition with plants once. Plants change only in connection with the fact of their death (by European standards, once every 3-4 months) during the maintenance of the system. We plant plants according to our Russian mentality and the practice of our blocks for years. But we can change the location of containers (plants) in the composition due to the modularity of the block.

- Watering. Due to the presence of moisture-intensive soil in our blocks, we carry out watering of plants once every 2-4 weeks, depending on the season and location. Competitors are forced to irrigate plant roots ONCE IN 4 HOURS - these are the laws of hydroponics. Imagine a situation where you have a power outage for 3 days. The wall of competitors requires a complete replacement of ALL plants. Our vertical garden did not notice the time difficulties of power engineers.

- Placing on the front surface of fogging droppers for irrigation of the leaves of a vertical garden is essentially a device for humidification of air. Even in the absence of the creation of the provided irrigation system, the vertical garden itself is a device to moisten the environment due to constantly evaporating moisture from the surface of the leaves. When creating a vertical garden with dimensions that allowed you to place plants at the rate of 1 pot plant of 15 diameters per 1 square. meter of living space, we were able to increase the humidity of the room from 25 to 50%

- Achieving the effectiveness of environmental cleaning of the habitat with the help of plants is possible with a sufficient concentration of them - one medium plant per kW. square meter. Placing plants vertically saves space

- Adaptations to the Russian climate. All versions of hydroponic phytowalls are oriented at temperatures not lower than +12 degrees. Of course, there are plants in the Russian climate that can survive our winters in a vertical arrangement on the facade of the building, but this is a matter of the future. We conduct an experiment with plants that maintain decorativeness throughout the year in the middle lane on the street. At the moment, the modularity of our unit allows for the quick installation and dismantling of vertical gardens located on the street. Our technology allows quick dismantling of the system, and if you plant the plants, the safety of planting material for the next season, with additional planting overgrown with plants over the season. You can dig (on the street) at the landing site (at the same time and ennoble the surrounding area).

- Adaptations to the Russian mentality

Now about the mentality. Our mentality (Russian) is focused on growing indoor plants for many years, this is the task our module is called upon to fulfill.

- The price of creating vertical gardens. “Turnkey” competitors offer the creation of phytowalls for 45 thousand rubles sq. M. Our company - “turnkey”, in cooperation with “pros - landscapers” positions 1 sq.m. 30 thousand rubles Hydroponic plants for planting - 16 thousand rubles. sq.m. We strive to create a “national product”, affordable for a resident of the regions.

- Vertical home gardens. In the second quarter of 2013, we plan to start producing blocks for creating vertical vegetable gardens in the homes and personal plots of our citizens. The block device will differ from the block device for gardens by the presence of 3 beds, a stand for them, an altered irrigation system. This product will provide the family with fresh herbs to the table throughout the year. Vertical gardens (figure 3) are located in the same building as the gardens, but differ in the size of the hole on the module cover, the presence of 4 identical pallets, the lower of which is turned upside down, which makes it possible to drain excess moisture into the lower corner, and from there through the capillary system of moisture reception drive rise up. In this case, we use 2 types of soil. Water supply and drain systems are similar to the module for creating a vertical garden. If the first described model allows even small shrubs to be planted (the volume of fertile soil is 6.5 liters), then the second option involves planting plants with a smaller root system, but a larger number (3 beds)

Technical result

1. The shape of the module of vertical gardening allows you to create vertical gardens and kitchen gardens by building a vertical surface for plant placement.

2. The modularity of the element allows you to create "green walls" of unlimited size, increasing the width and height. The combined blocks create a vertical garden

3. The presence of a moisture-intensive drive allows for more rare watering of the plant during maintenance - the volume of preserved moisture reaches 2.5 liters. Also, excess moisture is absorbed from the soil, which prevents rotting of plant roots.

4. The presence of technological holes in the module makes it possible to organize drip irrigation, irrigation, drainage of excess moisture (drainage), and aeration of the root system on a number of modules

5. Technological openings on the back wall of the block create the possibilities of various ways of fastening the modules into a single vertical surface.

6. When organizing the irrigation system of the ground part of the plant from the upper fog-forming dropper of the block, the vertical garden represents an air humidification device. Even without installing a foliage spraying system, a vertical garden is a device to moisten a home, due to constantly evaporating moisture from the surface of plant leaves planted in blocks

7. The vertical garden is a filter for the absorption of harmful chemical emissions (formaldehydes, toluene, etc.), because it creates the possibility of the necessary concentration of plants (to achieve the filtering effect, one plant is needed 60 cm in height per sq. Meter of room)

8. The vertical garden is a powerful source of phytoncide, which has a healing effect, because creates the opportunity for the necessary concentration of plants

9 The vertical garden is a noise filter. The larger the surface of the leaf, the stronger the effect, with the necessary concentration of plants

9. The ratio of the shapes, sizes of the module and the filler allows you to select 6, 5 liters of fertile soil for plant placement, which allows you to use a wide range of plants, including small bushes

10. Vertical gardens remove, or mitigate visual pollution, thereby improving mental health.

11. The introduction of the module of vertical gardening in the market creates the opportunity to create a vertical garden, or a garden for any lover of plants with their own hands.

12. The design of the block makes it possible to stimulate the growth of plants by radical top dressing with carbon dioxide, or to supply oxygen, increasing the rate of oxidative reactions.

13. Watering the module can be done manually, through the organization of the drip irrigation system. Any level of automation is possible.

14. Various additives in plastic allow the use of modules in the widest range of temperatures, solar activity, wind exposure.

Utility Model Implementation

The modular elements are placed in special structures, using various fasteners (hooks, screws, special fasteners) to vertical surfaces, in specially designed structures made of MDF, thin-walled steel profile. The hydroponic installation involves the installation of an irrigation system, consisting of interconnected hoses for microdrip irrigation, blocks and irrigation through openings specially created on the blocks. An excess moisture drainage system is also mounted. Through the same system of interconnected hoses, it is possible to aerate the root system of plants planted in the unit using a compressor with oxygen and carbon dioxide. Hydroponic installations can be placed in residential, industrial premises, winter gardens, on the street.

The block for creating a vertical garden (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) consists of a plastic case of an original design, representing in the context a rhombus with a lower angle of 60 degrees. In the case there are holes for supplying micro-hoses (diameter 7 mm) for irrigation (rear surface), leaf irrigation (on the facade and in the lid), drainage of excess moisture (bottom). The block is completed with two plastic gratings - vertical and horizontal, which are inserted into each other and serve as separations between different types of soils. The block is equipped with a drain system, which is a funnel for draining water from a special compartment at the bottom of the block. The lower part of the funnel is connected to the micro-hose, which is then mounted in a single system for draining excess moisture. This system can also be used for aeration of the roots with oxygen and carbon dioxide. The unit is equipped with a special porous material, which absorbs moisture up to 98% and keeps it in a long-lasting form. The roots of a plant draw moisture from this material like a pump. In the block there is also a non-woven fabric, which acts as a filter of the system for draining excess moisture. Microhoses with appropriate droppers for irrigation and irrigation systems are inserted into the irrigation holes. After assembling the block during planting, the gardener first installs the plates of the moisture-containing accumulator along the back wall of the block, pours claydite, lays a small grill and filter, sets the foam on the sides and under the deaf part of the cover, then the appropriate soil for the planted plant, or an inert filler for lovers of hydroponics, plants plant. After that, the unit is mounted in the frame of a hydroponic installation (special fasteners, structures made of thin-walled steel profile, sections made of MDF, etc.). In this case, technological holes are used located on the rear wall of the unit. A system of watering, irrigation, draining excess moisture is created.

Blocks for vertical gardens (figure 3, figure 4) have the same housing as for gardens, but differ in internal structure. When the unit is equipped, a moisture-intensive soil is also laid to the rear wall, then a vertical grate is installed. Irrigation systems, draining excess moisture, root aeration are similar to garden blocks. The block is equipped with 4 pallets, three of which act as beds in which root crops, or seeds, or seedlings of vegetable crops are planted. The bottom tray is inserted upside down, either moisture-resistant soil is placed under it, which is laid in two volumes, leaving in the center where the drain is located a place for draining excess moisture, or nothing that creates a compartment for receiving excess moisture. Watering the block can also be done manually.

Claims (2)

1. A modular element of a mixed type hydroponic installation for creating vertical gardens of unlimited size, made of plastic, consisting of a body, which in side section is a rhombus with an angle of 60 degrees, having technological holes for mounting on a vertical surface, equipped with technological holes for organization of an internal drip irrigation system, foliage irrigation and air humidification, a drainage hole that can be used to aerate the root system of the oxygen plant odor, carbon dioxide, covers of various options in color, heat and light reflecting properties, a non-woven fabric filter to filter moisture penetrating the drainage layer; provides for the placement of three types of fillers - a moisture-retaining layer located along the inner perimeter of the module, a drainage layer and soil for a certain type of plant, or an inert filler for hydroponic technology, a compartment for collecting excess moisture; used as a module for vertical gardening, humidifier. 2. A modular element of a hydroponic installation of a mixed type for creating vertical kitchen gardens of unlimited size, made of plastic, consisting of a body, which in side section is a rhombus with an angle of 60 degrees, having technological holes for mounting on a vertical surface, equipped with technological holes for organization of an internal drip irrigation system, foliage irrigation and air humidification, a drainage hole that can be used to aerate the root system of the puss hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, lids of various designs in terms of color, heat and light reflective properties, a non-woven fabric filter to filter moisture entering the drainage layer, four pallets, three of which serve as beds for plants; involves the placement of two types of fillers - a moisture-retaining layer located on the rear side of the module and the bottom of the containers and soil for a certain type of plant, or an inert filler for hydroponic technology, a compartment for collecting excess moisture; used as a module for vertical gardening, a container for growing food, an air humidifier.

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