RU122841U1 - KIT OF MACHINE EQUIPMENT FOR GROWING AND CONTAINING PIGS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for keeping and raising pigs, including pens for all technological groups, each of which has feeders for sows and piglets, respectively, located along a part of the pens facing the feed passage, a slatted floor section, under which a manure removal device is located, fixing device for suckling sows, wickets, characterized in that the fixing device for suckling and the 1st gestation period of sows is made in the form of hinged partitions in the form of a cage, equipped with a spacer bar installed between the wall of the pen and one of the partitions cages, and a fixing device in the form of an arcuate bar with holes is rigidly fixed on the piglet feeder with the possibility of fixing it in several positions relative to the front wall of the pen, while in the lattice part of the floor-den of the pen there is a discharge slot 3-4 widths of the slot widths, over which on in At a height equal to the width of the discharge slot, a protective visor with a width of 4/3 of the width of the discharge slot was installed, and opposite the feeders in pens for single, replacement and pregnant sows of the 2nd period, den dividers were installed with a length not exceeding the length of the animal, a height of at least one and a half height and a width equal to twice that of the animal. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the rear wall of the pens for suckling sows, both bump arcs and manholes with sealed doors are provided.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture and is intended for raising pigs in pigsties in pig farms

A device of machine tool equipment for the maintenance of lactating sows by A. with. 1130283 class AO1 K 1/02 for 1984, the Device is a linear rows of machines adjacent to one another, having longitudinal and transverse walls, forming sections for sows and piglets, while the linear rows of machines adjoin one another from the rear transverse walls , each of which is pivotally mounted on the longitudinal wall, and against each section for the sow in one row there is a section for piglets in the other.

At the edges there are boxes for piglets - a “dining room” with a feeder and a “birch” (with a lamp for heating) for resting piglets, and the middle box with a feeder of the machine is designed for a sow.

The meaning of this arrangement of the machines is that pigs and sows enter their boxes through the piggy banks. This is especially important for sows who, passing through the box for resting pigs, fall into their box in the correct position - snout to the feeder. If, however, to organize the gate with the sow feeder in her box, then she could not turn into the correct position due to the tightness of this box. To make this box wide does not make sense, since the sow will not be fixed at the time of farrowing.

The disadvantages of the known device are as follows.

1 After farrowing of the uterus, it should have been “liberated”, which is impossible to do due to the design features of the machines.

2 The passage of sows through the box for resting pigs is dangerous for the health of piglets, as it is possible to crush them with a sow.

The closest analogue is a device for growing and keeping pigs (RF patent No. 2048092 AO1K 67/02, AO1K 1/02)

A device comprising rooms with rows of identical machines, in each of which a sow feeder and a weaner pig feeder are installed on the base, located along the part of the machine facing the aft passage, a lattice section of the floor, under which there is a dung channel fixing device for the sow , wickets between adjacent machines, and the length of the feeder for piglets after weaning them from the sow is not less than the length of the part of the machine facing the feed passage, and the width of each gate between adjacent machines Ami more than the width of the lattice of the floor. The fixing device is made in the form of a pair of parallel lateral restrictive arches with racks and a leash, installed with the possibility of disconnecting them from the base and moving to another machine.

The disadvantages of the known device for growing and keeping pigs are the following.

1 The use of the same machine tools for pigs of all technological groups with replaceable equipment is not justified, since the area of the machines (machine size) should be proportional to the growth dynamics of the pigs.

2 Farrowing sows, raising and fattening pigs is carried out in the same machine according to the so-called single-phase system. Structurally, the machine is calculated on the size of fattening pigs in the final period and therefore its dimensions are much larger than is required for periods of farrowing sows and the content of piglets of suckers and weaned pigs. Machine tools are bulky, material intensive and therefore expensive. In addition, in the normal production of pork from harnesses for sows refused back in the 70s of the 20th century (after experiments in Hungary).

3 In the known device provides a feeder for weaned piglets, but for suckling pigs there is no feeder. The feeder for weaned piglets has no dividers and therefore it is not divided into individual feed places. In addition, it is not suitable for feeding fattening pigs and adult sows, for which feeder dividers are also mandatory.

4 The grating floor provided in the device is not suitable for keeping suckling pigs, weaning pigs, fattening pigs and adult sows on it, since the size of the gaps in the grating floor is determined by the minimum sizes of these gaps of 10-12 mm for suckling pigs. If we are guided by the normative sizes of the slots in the trellised floor for feed pigs and adult sows of 22-25 mm, then the legs of suckling pigs and weaning piglets (gap size 18 mm) will fall into these slots, which is not acceptable in practice.

5 The purpose of the wickets in the side walls of the machines is unclear if there are wickets in the front guard. The use of wickets in the side walls of the machines will interfere with the production processes in these machines, in which, according to the technological order and rhythm, reproduction, growing and fattening cycles will take place, the periods of which are not the same in duration.

6 The device provides an excessively large floor slope of 15-20%. As a rule, the floor slope does not exceed 4-5%.

The objective of the proposed invention is to provide a device for keeping and raising pigs of all technological groups of pigs, equipped with technical means for feeding and removing manure with elements of multiphase and stress-free technologies.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the device for keeping and raising pigs, including machines in each of which are installed feeders for sows and piglets, respectively, located along part of the machines facing the aft passage, a grating section of the floor, under which there is a means of removing manure the fixing device for the suckling sow, the wicket, while the fixing device for the suckling sows and the 1st period of gestation of the sows is made in the form of hingedly connected to each other with the wall of the machine partitions in the form of a cage, equipped with a spacer bar installed between the wall of the machine and one of the partitions of the cage, and on the pig feeder a fixing device is rigidly fixed in the form of an arched bar with holes with the possibility of its fixation in several positions relative to the front wall of the machine, at the same time, in the lattice part of the floor (den) of the machine there is a discharge gap with a width of 3-4 widths of the lattice gap, over which at a height equal to the width of the discharge gap, a protective visor with a width of 4/3 width is installed Relief slits, and opposite feeders in machine tools for idling, repair and gestating sows 2nd period set divisors den no longer than the length of the animal, a minimum height of three-quarter height and width equal to twice the width of the animal.

On the back wall of the machines for lactating sows, fenders and manholes with hermetic doors are provided

New significant features are the following:

1 Fixing device for suckling and 1st period of gestation of sows is made in the form of cages articulated between themselves and with the wall of the machine, equipped with a spacer installed between the wall of the machine and one of the cage walls,

2 A fixing device in the form of an arched bar with holes with the possibility of its fixation in several positions relative to the front wall of the machine is rigidly fixed on the piglet feeder; 3 In the lattice part of the floor (den) of the machine there is a discharge slot with a width of 3-4 lattice widths above which at a height equal to the width of the discharge gap, a protective visor with a width of 4/3 of the width of the discharge gap is installed.

4 Opposite the feeders in the machines for single, maintenance and pregnant sows of the 2nd period, den dividers are installed with a length of not more than the length of the animal, a height of at least one and a half height and a width equal to double the width of the animal.

5 On the back wall of the machines for lactating sows, there are both fenders and manholes with hermetic doors.

The technical result is as follows.

1 The locking device for lactating sows made in the form of cages articulated between each other and with the wall of the machine, equipped with a spacer bar installed between the wall of the machine and one of the cage walls, allows you to fix the sow during farrowing. After farrowing, the sows are unblocked, transforming the cage by detaching in the articulation long from short partitions.

In this case, long partitions are fixed on the side wall of the machine, and short - on the back wall. It is possible to completely free the machine from the partitions, when weaning piglets from the queens, fixing them to the walls of the machine.

For structural rigidity, the transforming cage for fixing the lactating sow is equipped with a spacer bar connected to the wall of the machine.

A locking device for lactating sows in the form of cages articulated between each other and with the wall of the machine, provided with a spacer bar, is intended to be used in machines for sows of the 1st gestation period to form individual pigs.

2 Feeders for sucking pigs, weaning pigs and fattening young animals are equipped with devices for fixing and adjusting the height of the front collar for access to piglets of any age, as well as for transferring from the working position to the cleaning position. Feeders for suckling pigs and weaning piglets in the farrowing, feeding and sows of the 2nd period of gestation are made uniform.

3 Channels (trays) of the manure removal system are equipped with a discharge slot with a protective visor to discharge part of the manure that did not fall through the grating of the slat flooring. A discharge slot makes it easier to remove manure from the machine. The length of the discharge slit is equal to the length (or width) of the lattice, the width is not more than 3-4 sizes of the lattice slit. The height of the protective visor from the grate, equal to the width of the discharge gap, prevents animals from getting into the discharge gap. The use of a protective visor above the slit with a width of 4/3 of its width prevents the animals from falling into the discharge slit. The channels (trays) of the manure removal system, equipped with a discharge slot with a protective visor for the discharge of a part of the manure that did not fall through the grating of the slotted flooring, are unified for all types of machines.

4 In the machines for repairing young, unmarried and pregnant uterus of the 2nd period, den dividers from racks and horizontal partitions are provided, which are a continuation of dividers of feeders in the den to a length of not more than the length of the animal, not less than one and a half height and a width equal to double the width of the animal. Dividers of the den form the boxed content of sows in the form of individual places for resting and feeding pigs. Den dividers in machines for single, repair and the 2nd period of gestation of the uterus are unified for these machines.

5 Lazy are usually arranged in partitions between sections of farrowing and sucking or feeding, and are equipped with hermetic doors for the passage of piglets after completion of the appropriate period of detention on their own in subsequent sections. Sealed doors prevent infection and air drafts

6 In machines for lactating uterus on the rear walls of the machines are provided fenders to prevent crushing of suckling pigs by uterus.

The above new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

Figure 1 schematically shows a machine for keeping a boar: front view "a"; view from the side "b"; view in plan "c". Figure 2 shows the machine for the repair of young animals, single and maintenance sows: front view "a"; view from the side "b"; view in plan "c". Figure 3 shows the machine for pregnant sows of the 2nd period: view in plan "a"; view from the side "b"; front view "c". Figure 4 "a" shows two farrowing machines for farrowing sows and the content of suckling pigs and weaned piglets: on the left in figure 4 "a" the cage in the fixation position of the sow for farrowing, and on the right - in the unlocked position after farrowing for suction period. Figure 4 “b” shows two farrowing machines for farrowing sows and the content of suckling pigs and weaned piglets: on the left in FIG. 4 “b” the cage is in the fixation position of the sow for farrowing, and on the right - in the unlocked position after weaning piglets from a sow. Figure 4 "c" shows a front view of two farrowing machines for farrowing sows and the content of piglets, suckers and piglets, weaners. Figure 4 "g" shows a side view of the farrowing machine, and figure 4 "d" is a side view of the piglet feeder and view "e" on the device for adjusting the position of the feeder. Figure 5 shows the machine for fattening piglets: view in plan "a"; view from the side "b"; front view "c". Figure 6 shows the machine for sows of the 1st period of gestation: front view "a"; view in plan "b".

The machine for the boar (figure 1) consists of a front wall 1 with racks 2, longitudinal 3 and vertical partitions 4, in which a feeder 5, a wicket 6, a side 7 and a back 8 walls are built-in. On the side walls 7, partitions of longitudinal 9 and vertical pipes are installed 10. The feeder is equipped with dividers 11, the floor of the den 12 has a slope of 2% towards the defecation zone 13. The defecation zone 13 consists of trays 14 covered by grilles 15 and a discharge slit 16, which is protected top visor 17 (see figure 1, view "g") attached to the side wall 7 of the machine. Since the protective visor is 4/3 times wider than the discharge gap, the animal’s legs will not fall into the discharge gap and the height of the peak above the gratings (equal to the width of the discharge gap) is sufficient to push part of the manure that did not fall through the grating gap.

The machine for single and repair uterus (figure 2) is similar in design to the machine for the boar (figure 1) and consists of standardized units and parts: the front wall 1 with struts 2, longitudinal 3 and vertical partitions 4, with a built-in feeder 5 and a wicket 6, side 7 and rear 8 walls. The side walls 7, unlike the machine for the boar, do not have partitions 9 and 10, i.e. this machine is lower than the machine for the boar. Unlike the machine for the boar, the dividers of the feeder 11 extend into the den 12 in the length of not more than the length of the animal and the height of not less than one and a half height of the animal, have racks 18 and horizontal partitions 19, which rest on the front wall 1 of the machine and form an individual box 20. Width of the box 20 for one animal does not exceed the double width of the animal. The defecation zone 13 consists of trays 14 covered by grilles 15 and a discharge slot 16, which is protected from above by a visor 17 (see figure 1, view "g").

The machine for sows of the 2nd gestation period (Fig. 3) consists of standardized units and parts: front wall 1 with stands 2, horizontal partitions 3 and vertical 4, wickets 21 with built-in feeder 22, side 7 and rear 8 walls. On the side walls 7 there are horizontal partitions 9 and racks 10. In addition to the feeder 22, the machine has a large trough-shaped feeder 23, which is built into the front wall 1 of the machine.

On the side walls 7, horizontal partitions 9 and racks 10 are installed. As in the machine for single and repair uterus (figure 2) in this machine, the dividers of the feeder 11 continue into the den 12 in the length of no more than the length of the animal and the height of at least one and a half height of the animal have racks 18 and horizontal partitions 19, which are supported by the front wall 1 of the machine and form an individual box 20.

As in previous machines, in this machine, the defecation zone 13 is made of trays 14 covered by grilles 15, and on the side walls 7 and directly above the discharge slot, the protective visors 17 are installed in the entire width of the defecation zone 13 (see Fig. 1, view ").

The machine for farrowing and sows with suckling pigs in the suction period is presented in figure 4. On the front wall 1 with racks 2 there is a built-in gate 6, a short feeder 22 for a sow, a built-in gate 21 and a long feeder 23 for piglets (Fig. 4 “c”). The short trough 22 is standardized with the troughs 22 and the gate 21 in FIG. 3. The long feeder 23 is standardized with the feeder 23 in figure 3. The rear wall 8 and the side 7 walls of the machine are made of brick or panels. The den floor of machine 12 has a slope of 2%. The side walls 7 have a continuation in height in the form of longitudinal partitions 9 and racks 10. These partition 9 and racks 10 are unified with the same elements in figures 1-6. On the side walls 7 are mounted brackets 24 with a lamp for heating piglets-suckers. In the rear part of the machine, after the den 12, there is a defecation zone 13, consisting of a tray 14 covered by grilles 15. On the side walls 7, a protective visor 17 is installed above the discharge slot 16 of the defecation zone 13. A discharge slot 16 is provided under the protective visor 17 to discharge part of the manure, which did not fall through the grilles 15 into the tray 14 (see figure 1, view "g"). The defecation zone 13 with a discharge slot 16 and a protective visor 17 is unified with the same devices in all of the above machines (see figures 1-6).

To the front wall 1 of the farrowing-suction machine (Fig. 4. “a, b, c”), a pivotally transforming cell 25 is attached, consisting of horizontal 26, 27 28 partitions interconnected by struts with hinges 29. To stiffen the cell 25 in the sow fixation time is provided with a spacer bar 30. On the left half of FIG. 4 “a”, cage 25 is shown in the sow fixation position before and during the farrowing. In the right half of FIG. 4 “a”, the cage is shown in the unlocking position of the sow while keeping it in the suckling period together with sucking pigs. The right side of the cage 25 with the horizontal partition 26 and the spacer bar 30 remains practically in the same position, except for the partition 27, which is attached to the stand 31 and the horizontal partition 28, which together with the hinge stand 29 is attached to the left side wall 7 of the machine. The sow is unlocked and can move in the enclosed space and gets access to the defecation zone 13. A bending arch 32 is provided to the rear wall of the obtained space to prevent the sows from sucking pigs. In the den of the machine this function is performed by a horizontal partition 28 attached to the left side wall 7 with a hinge stand 29. On the right half of Fig. 4 “b”, a machine with a fully unlocked cage 25 is shown. A horizontal partition 28 with a hinge stand 29 is attached to the left side wall 7 the machine, and the horizontal partition 26 with the partition 27 and the hinge stand 29 are attached to the front wall 1 of the machine. This position of the cage 25 is provided for the period of growing weaned piglets after weaning sows from them.

The long feeder 23 is provided with a locking device (Fig. 4 “e”) consisting of an arcuate bar 33 and a pin 34. On the bar 33, holes are provided for engaging with a pin 34 to fix the feeder 23 relative to the den 12 floor along the height of the front flange of the feeder, sufficient for piglets of different ages.

After the period of cultivation of weaned piglets, they must be transferred to the next section for fattening. To transfer piglets in the rear wall 6 of the machine provides a hole 35 with sealed doors 36.

The machine for feeding piglets (Fig. 5) consists of a front wall 1 with stands 2 and 4, horizontal partitions 3, side 7 and rear 8 walls, a short feeder 22, a built-in gate 21 and a long piglet feeder 23. The short feeder 22 and the gate 21 are unified with the feeders 22 and the gate 21 in Fig. 3, 4. The long feeder 23 is unified with the feeder 23 in Fig. 3, 4. The rear wall 8 and the side 7 walls of the machine are made of brick or panels. The side walls 7 are continued in the form of longitudinal partitions 9 and racks 10. These septum 9 and racks 10 are unified with the same elements in figures 1, 3, 4. Dividers 11 are provided on short 22 and 23 long feeders. The floor of the den 12 has a slope in 2%. A defecation zone 13 is located at the rear of the machine, consisting of a tray 14 covered by grilles 15. A protective visor 17 is installed on the side walls 7 above the discharge slot 16 of the defecation zone 13. A discharge slot 16 is provided under the protective visor 17 to discharge part of the manure that did not fail through the lattice 15 into the tray 14 (see figure 1, view "g").

The defecation zone 13 with a discharge slot 16 and a protective visor 17 is unified with the same devices in all of the above machines (see figures 1-6).

For the installation of piglets, the feeding machine in the rear wall 8 provides a manhole 35 with a sealed door 36.

The machine for sows of the 1st gestation period (Fig. 6) consists of a front wall 1 made of wickets 21 with racks 2 and with an integrated feeder 22, internal partitions 26 and 28, spacer bars 30, side 7 and rear 8 walls with horizontal by partitions 9 and racks 10, Paul den 12 borders on the defecation zone 13 made of gratings 15 above the trays 14. and on the side walls 7 of the machine there are visors 17 above the discharge slot 16.

The internal partitions 26 and 28 with spacer strips 30 (Fig. 6) are unified with similar elements of the transforming cell 25, consisting of horizontal 26, 27, 28 partitions, pivotally interconnected (Fig. 4) and the spacer bar 30 to stiffen the cell 25 during sow fixation. Instead of the horizontal horizontal partition 27 of FIG. 4, in this machine of FIG. 6, for the sows of the 1st gestation period, gates 6 of FIGS. 1, 2 are provided. The same gate 6 is provided in the rear wall 8 for driving the sows into the machine and the passage of the serving staff. This gate is standardized with similar gates in figure 1, 2, 4.

In farrowing machines, the transforming cage is placed diagonally in the machine, and in sowing machines of the 1st period of gestation - perpendicular to the front wall of the machine.

The device operates as follows.

A boar is placed in the machine in figure 1, and single and repair uterus are placed in the machine in figure 2. According to the technology, the boar is kept for a year, single uterus - for 12-22 days, and repair uterus - 24 days. For insemination of the uterus, the machine of Fig. 6 is used. After insemination of the uterus for 3-7 days, they are kept in the same machines for 29-25 days in the status of pregnant women of the 1st period. After this period, the sows are distilled to the machines in FIG. 3 where they are kept for 80-85 days in the status of pregnant 2nd period.

When keeping animals in the machines of FIGS. 1-3, wickets 6, feeders 5 with dividers 11, individual places 20 for resting in the den 12, formed by elements 18, 19 in FIGS. 2, 3 are used. Defecation zones 13 are used in all the above machines. with gratings 15, through which the manure falls into the trays 14. The not failed part of the manure through the grates 15 collides in the discharge slot 16, protected by a visor 17 (Fig. 1, view “g”).

After the 2nd period of gestation is completed, the sow already in the status of heavy gestation 3-7 days before farrowing is transferred from the machine of FIG. 3 to the farrowing machine of FIG. 4 (left part). In this fixed position, the sow should be up to farrowing. After farrowing, the sow is released by attaching a septum 28 (on the right figure 4 "a") to the side wall 7. A short septum 27 is attached to the stand 31. Thus, the sow is released while the right septum 26 remains in the same position with the spacer bar attached to it 30. In this position, the sow is the entire suction period with suckling pigs, usually within 28-35 days. The animals use the feeders 22, 23 and the defecation zone 13. The short feeder 22 is periodically shifted from the working position to the cleaning position with the obligatory fixing of the device in the form of straps 33 and pin 34 of figure 4, view “e”, so that the animals do not break the feeder. The long feeder 23 can also be transferred from the working position to the cleaning position using the device in the form of straps 33 and pin 34 of figure 4, view "d".

Animals use the defecation zone 13. In this case, the failed part of the manure through the grate 15 above the tray 14 is pushed into it through the discharge slot 16 protected by a visor 17.

From accidental crushing of suckling pigs by a sow while lowering it on the floor of the den 12 for laying, there are fender arches 32 on the rear wall 8 of the machine and horizontal partitions 28 attached to the side wall 7 with a hinged stand 29.

After the end of the suction period, the sow is taken from the machine to rest in the machine of FIG. 2 and the reproductive cycle is repeated, and piglets already in weaning status are raised in the same machine, which is completely unlocked (see figure 4 “b” right side) by disconnecting the septum 27 from the rack 31 and attaching it together with a horizontal partition 26 and with a spacer bar 30 to the front wall 1 of the machine. Bringing the feeder 23 to the desired position by adjusting the height of its front flange relative to the floor of the den 12 is regulated using the strap 33 and the pin 34 (figure 4 view "d").

The defecation zone 13 is used in normal mode, and the rest of the manure on the grate 15 is discharged into the tray 14 through the discharge slot 16, protected by a visor 17 (Fig. 1 view "g").

When farrowing, suction and filming periods, the manhole 35 is hermetically closed by the door 36.

After completion of the growing period, the piglets themselves go into the next technology-based feeding period in the machine of FIG. 5. This independent transition is an element of stress-free technology for keeping piglets. To do this, feed is fed to the feeders 22, 23 of FIG. 5, and no feed is fed to the feeders in the machine of FIG. 4. Then the doors 36 of the hole 35 are opened in the machines of FIGS. 4, 5. Piglets under the influence of the food search reflex and their curiosity go on their own to the feedlot (figure 5), and which are kept up to the age of 180-200 days. The length of the fattening period of piglets depends on the intensity of the technology used.

The feeders 22, 23 are brought into working position using the device 33 and 34 of figure 4 view "d". The bowel movement 13 is functionally used for its intended purpose. The unsuccessful part of the manure through the grates 15 above the tray 14 is discharged into the tray 14 through the discharge slot 16, protected by a visor 17 (Fig. 1, view “g”).

Claims (2)

1. A device for keeping and raising pigs, including machines for all technological groups, in each of which there are feeders for sows and piglets, respectively, located along part of the machines facing the aft passage, a trellised section of the floor, under which there is a means of removing manure, fixing device for lactating sows, wickets, characterized in that the fixing device for lactating sows and the 1st period of gestation of sows is made in the form of hingedly connected to each other and with the wall of the machine partitions in the form of a cage, equipped with a spacer bar installed between the wall of the machine and one of the partitions of the cage, and on the pig feeder a fixing device is rigidly fixed in the form of an arched bar with holes with the possibility of its fixation in several positions relative to the front wall of the machine, this, in the lattice part of the floor of the den of the machine, a blow-out slot is made with a width of 3-4 widths of the slit of the grills, above which, at a height equal to the width of the discharge slot, a protective visor with a width of 4/3 of width is installed Brosno slit and opposite feeders in machine tools for idling, repair and gestating sows 2nd period set divisors den no longer than the length of the animal, a minimum height of three-quarter height and width equal to double the width of the animal. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the rear wall of the machines for lactating sows, there are provided both fenders and manholes with sealed doors.