RU120763U1 - MACHINE FOR LOADING WELLS WITH BULK EXPLOSIVES - Google Patents

Abstract

A machine for loading wells with bulk explosives, consisting of a transport base and removable bunkers, characterized in that the transport base is a chassis of a vehicle equipped with a crane manipulator, the lower part of removable bunkers mounted on a frame, the base of which is a profile in the form of an incomplete circle or incomplete rectangle, made in the form of an outlet pipe equipped with a shutter, a volumetric dispenser or a flow meter of a bulk explosive, the upper part of the hopper is equipped with a cover and loops for attaching the slings of the crane manipulator; in the transport position, the bunkers are placed on the chassis of the vehicle, and when loading, on the surface of the blasted block of rocks, while the outlet is aligned with the wellhead.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for transporting and loading wells with industrial bulk explosives of factory manufacture, as well as explosives produced at blasting sites using heavy vehicles and can be used in blasting operations at open-pit mining enterprises.

It is known to use alluvial (bulk) explosives for loading wells. At present, placer ammonium nitrate explosives based on granular dense and porous ammonium nitrate are widely used. They have a reduced sensitivity to an external impulse, which allows them to be manufactured at blasting sites and to use mechanization tools during transportation and loading of wells.

In open-pit mining, self-propelled charging units based on heavy vehicles are most widely used for delivering explosives from storage points to loading points, followed by using the same machines to deliver explosives to the well.

Charging and mixing-charging machines based on airborne vehicles of various carrying capacities are known. They consist of bunkers for ammonium nitrate, a diesel fuel tank with an oil pump, conveyor screws (1-7). They allow loading wells with industrial explosives only with low sensitivity to mechanical stress, because the conveying element of explosives into the well in them is a screw. Known machines for transporting bulk explosives and loading wells with them, consisting of bunkers, pneumatic dosers, pneumatic systems for supplying explosives to the well (8-9). The disadvantage of these machines is the low productivity of loading wells, the complexity and unreliability of the pneumatic systems. A well-known delivery-charging machine, consisting of a transport base, on which a chamber charger with a charging hose and a vacuum loading ejector and a receiver container for explosive are installed (10). The disadvantage of this machine is the complexity of the design of the path of supply of explosives into the well using a compressed air line.

Known mixing and charging machine for transporting and gravitational loading of wells with bulk explosives, consisting of a transport base, a removable hopper mounted inside the car body and attached to its floor with four screw connectors, divided by longitudinal and transverse inclined walls at an angle of 45 ° by 4 or 6 sections for loading explosives and an auxiliary compartment isolated from explosives for installing a tank with process liquid; on the side walls of the sections in the places where the partitions are connected, unloading hatches with slide gates operating from the vehicle’s pneumatic system are made, to which mounted volumetric dosing valves with slide gates are connected; the bunker in the upper part is equipped with loading hatches with lockable covers and fittings for attaching slings of hoisting mechanisms (11), adopted by the authors as a prototype. The disadvantage of the prototype machine is the length of the technological cycle of loading wells, the possibility of partial collapse of the ledge with drilled wells when the vehicle is within the prism of the collapse, because mounted dispensers with slide gates are located on the sides of the vehicle and the explosives are dispensed from the dispensers into the well when the dispenser outlet is aligned with the wellhead when the car hits it.

The simplest method for loading wells is a method based on the gravity flow of explosives into the well.

The technical task of the utility model was to simplify and shorten the technological cycle of safe transportation and loading of wells with bulk explosives, increase productivity and reduce the cost of blasting.

The technical problem was solved by the development of a machine for loading wells with bulk explosives, consisting of a transport base and removable bunkers, in which the transport base is a chassis of a car equipped with a crane-mounted installation, the lower part of removable bunkers mounted on a frame, the base of which is an incomplete profile a circle or an incomplete rectangle, made in the form of an outlet pipe equipped with a shutter, a volumetric dispenser or a flow meter of bulk explosive wa, the upper part of the hopper is equipped with a lid and hinges for attaching slings of the crane manipulator; in transport position, the bunkers are placed on the chassis of the car, and when loading - on the surface of the blasted rock block, while the exhaust pipe is combined with the wellhead.

For access for maintenance personnel to the car body, a removable ladder or retractable ladder is provided, which can be removed in the transport position under the car body.

Schematic diagram of a machine for transporting and loading wells with explosives is shown in figures 1-3:

- figa - side view;

- figb - top view;

figure 2 is a view of a removable hopper round shape;

figure 3 is a view of a removable hopper of a rectangular shape.

The machine consists of a base truck 1, a crane manipulator with a slewing crane-jib 2, located on the chassis of the car. It can be installed between the driver’s cab and the car body; at the rear of the car behind its body; in the middle of the car. The crane manipulator installation includes a jib crane, a hydraulic tank (with a reverse filter) for hydraulic oil and a hydraulic oil pump (not shown in the diagram) for controlling a crane. The hydraulic oil pump is driven by a vehicle power take-off.

Removable bins 3 are installed on the floor 15 of the body of an on-board vehicle 14 or a van with an opening roof.

The removable hopper 3 (Fig.2, 3) is a welded metal frame type of round (Fig.2) or rectangular (Fig.3) shape in cross section, with a capacity of 1-1.5 m ³ , height ~ 1.5 m. The inner surface of the hopper is made of alloyed (stainless) steel or coated with electrically conductive varnish, enamel or paint, resistant to abrasion and the action of ammonium nitrate and liquid fuel. The removable hopper 3 of a circular shape in cross section (Fig. 2) is made in the form of a vertical tank consisting of two cylinders 4, 5 connected by a truncated cone 6. The removable hopper of a rectangular shape (Fig. 3) consists of a prismatic volume of square cross-section in the upper part, passing in the lower part into the volume in the form of a truncated pyramid 8. The removable hopper 3 is mounted on the frame 9, the frame of which is made of material of any profile, for example, from a channel. The base of the frame is made in the form of an incomplete circle 10 or an incomplete rectangle 11, which allows the detonator to freely approach the wellhead 17 to place initiation means (a detonating cord or shock wave tubes with detonator blocks, etc.) in it. The lower cylindrical part 5 of the hopper, which is the outlet pipe, is equipped with a shutter 12 of any known design (for example, a gate, jaws, etc.), actuated manually or mechanically. The hopper in the upper part is equipped with a lid and hinges 16 for attaching the slings 13 of the crane manipulator.

The shape of the hopper of any shape prevents the explosive from hanging on its walls. The angle of the inclined part of the hopper is designed in such a way that the explosive is well sprinkled along it and does not create additional resistance when the explosive 18 is fed from the hopper into the well. Dosing of explosive during loading of wells can be carried out in a volumetric manner on a scale, the divisions of which correspond to a known volume (mass) of explosive placed on a window surface made of transparent material in the wall of the hopper body (not shown in the diagram) or using a flow meter for bulk products of various types . Raising the bunker with explosive inside the body, lowering it to the surface of the rock mass being blown up and combining the outlet pipe with the wellhead is carried out by a crane manipulator 2 installed on the vehicle chassis.

The main differences of the proposed machine:

- a crane manipulator used to load explosives into bunkers at a stationary point or at a charging unit and to install a bunker with explosives at the mouth of a charged well;

- design of a removable hopper for bulk explosives.

The principle of the machine.

The design of the hopper provides gravitational gravity loading of bulk explosives and gravitational discharge of it into the well.

The explosive is loaded into the hopper at an unloading unit located, for example, in the territory of an explosive materials warehouse in several ways:

- a machine with hoppers installed in the car body is fed under the overpass of the unloading unit until the axes of the neck of the loaded hopper coincide with the outlet of the stationary hopper or funnel of the unloading unit. After the loading of all bunkers is completed, the car leaves the rack of the unloading unit;

- bunkers are filled with explosives from soft small containers with the help of a crane at the explosives production site or directly at the blasting site (quarry), where they are delivered by special vehicles (suppliers).

Charging wells is as follows.

On a rechargeable block of rocks when setting up the machine at a rechargeable well, a removable hopper, which is pierced by a crane with a crane, is loaded and mounted on the wellhead or on a loading funnel pre-installed in the well with the alignment of the axes of the funnel (well) and the hopper nozzle. The operator detonator opens the shutter to supply the necessary portion of explosive, closes the shutter, installs the means of initiation, opens the shutter again to supply the required amount of explosive. After spilling the required amount of explosive, the operator fuse closes the shutter. The amount of explosive loaded into the well is controlled by the flow meter. The machine moves to the next well or the well is being charged at the opposite side of the machine. When using a crane manipulator, several wells can be charged without moving the machine (Fig. 1b), which is ensured by the length of the boom. As the bunkers are emptied, the latter are installed in the car body and the operations described above are carried out with other bunkers filled with explosives.

The main technical result of the utility model - increasing the efficiency of blasting - is achieved due to the distinguishing features of the claimed machine:

- simplification and reduction of the technological cycle of the supply of explosive from the machine to the well through the use of the proposed removable bunkers installed by a crane manipulator at the wellhead, from where the explosive flows by gravity into the well;

- increasing the productivity of loading wells and reducing the cost of blasting due to the use of removable bunkers, crane manipulator, which reduces the number of preparatory operations when loading wells. Several wells can be charged without moving the machine by changing the length of the boom of the crane manipulator and turning it to the required angle to fully align the wellhead and the outlet pipe of the removable hopper;

- safety of loading wells due to the lack of a mechanical drive and rubbing elements in the node for supplying explosives to the hopper and from the hopper to the well: loading and unloading of bunkers is carried out by gravity;

- ease of maintenance of the machine.

The proposed machine was tested during blasting in quarries when loading wells of various diameters and depths with positive results. Blasting costs are reduced by 5-10%, productivity is increased by 10-15%.

Information sources

1. G.P. Demidyuk, A.N. Bugaysky, "Means of mechanization and blasting technology using granular explosives", M., Nedra, 1976.

2. AS of the USSR No. 164005.

3. USSR AS No. 393453.

4. USSR AS No. 426039.

5. Mechanization of blasting. Reference manual, M., "bowels", 1992.

6. USSR AS No. 282988.

7. Patent for utility model No. 566688.

8. USSR AS No. 282988.

9. Patent for utility model 55463.

10. RF patent No. 2039247.

11. RF patent No. 2304756

Claims (1)

A machine for loading wells with bulk explosives, consisting of a transport base and removable bunkers, characterized in that the transport base is a chassis of a car equipped with a crane manipulator, the lower part of removable bunkers mounted on a frame, the base of which is a profile in the form of an incomplete circle or an incomplete rectangle, made in the form of an outlet pipe equipped with a shutter, a volumetric dispenser or a flow meter of bulk explosives, the upper part of the hopper is equipped with on the cover and hinges for fastening the slings of the crane manipulator; in transport position, the bunkers are placed on the chassis of the car, and when loading - on the surface of the blasted rock block, while the exhaust pipe is combined with the wellhead.