RU118844U1 - DEVICE FOR PRODUCING JUICE FROM FRUITS, VEGETABLES AND BERRIES - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for obtaining juice from fruits, vegetables and berries, including a drive (drive mechanism), a meat grinder body, a feed auger, a chopping knife, a grate, a pressing auger, a juicer body, control and fastening elements, characterized in that the device works according to the following scheme: auger - scoring grate - double-sided knife - chopping grate - pressing auger, and the chopping grate is used with holes 5-9 mm in diameter and 3-5 mm thick, with a double-sided knife thickness of 5-8 mm, while in the juicer the pressing auger is made with a cone 15 ° and made of fluoroplastic, and the body of the juicer cone has a perforation with holes of 2-2.5 mm, while the drive mechanism is equipped with a reverse.

Description

The development relates to universal machines and devices for processing fruits and vegetables with a productivity of up to 200 kg / hour in a farm or catering industry, as well as in collective gardens and summer cottages, and can be used for harvesting agricultural products for winter storage and in the preparation of diet food, using freshly prepared juices and mashed potatoes.

Known screw juicers for squeezing juice from vegetables, fruits and berries, made for the needs of the national economy, working with universal kitchen machines and electric meat grinders with a capacity of up to 700 W, a productivity of 300-450 g / min (18-27 kg / h) with an extraction efficiency of up to 50% of the prepared raw materials, (see Universal household kitchen machines GOST 26499-85. M. Standards Publishing House. 1985. 25 pp.).

Also known are screw juicers (extractors) of model 724-3; for obtaining juices with pulp from prepared fruits, vegetables and berries at public catering establishments, operating according to the feeding auger - pressing auger scheme made as additional replaceable equipment for meat grinders for working with universal drives with an engine power of 1.0-1.7 kW, with a productivity up to 50-80 kg / hour, (see. Predtechensky N.A. Mechanical equipment of public catering enterprises. 2nd ed. M., OP.O.P. 1966. S.133-141).

Given the sufficient versatility of such equipment, its disadvantages are that the screws of these juicer extractors only crush (compress) the supplied raw materials, which requires additional costs for pre-grinding the raw material, cleaning it from the skin and seed chambers, which clog the juicer nets, making them necessary frequent cleaning. Reducing device performance and increasing product loss.

It is also known "Device for extracting juice from vegetables and fruits" used in food processors and household electric meat grinders, in which a rotating chopping single-sided knife is installed between the feeding and pressing augers, working according to the scheme of the feeding screw - chopping single-sided knife - a removable grill - a pressing screw, allowing to combine in one device sequential partial grinding and pressing of the product (see RF Patent No. 2162649, A23N 1/00, Publ. 10.02.2001. Bull. No. 4).

With good quality juice pressing from small fruits and berries, guided by the feeding screw, difficulties arise when applying for pressing whole apples, pears of hard varieties or their parts larger than 60 mm in size with a limited diameter of the loading household electric meat grinders and combines. Since a single-sided knife does not sufficiently crush the product, which, when fed intensively, leads to clogging of the grate and requires cleaning it with the device stopped, disrupting the technological process, additional pressing forces are required from top to bottom when feeding the product into the loading neck, which impedes work.

The objective of the utility model is to create, on the basis of existing equipment for public catering establishments (cafes and canteens), a universal pressing device for extracting juice from whole apples, pears, durum vegetables or from their large parts, with a productivity of 100-200 kg / h, which reduces minimize the time and effort spent on preparing a batch of a product for processing with a minimum refinement of the existing device available to manufacturers of raw materials and processors working in the conditions of a farm or personal owner dishes with various fruit and vegetable raw materials, and not having specialized workshops or specialized equipment.

The problem is solved in that using as standard equipment commercially available equipment for public catering and the food industry, in particular, universal drives and meat grinders with screw working bodies, pressing juicers are equipped with a drive reverser and parts modified to work according to the feeding screw - cutting grid - double-sided circuit a knife - a grinding grill - a pressing screw - a spin regulator, which allows the feeding screw to capture whole apples, pears, vegetables or large ones according to this scheme Asti having dimensions on the feed throat diameter or berries and podpressovyvaya uniformly apply them to the two-way double shredding knife between the two bars and then sequentially pressing on. Without requiring additional prepressing from top to bottom, speeding up the processing process, stabilizing the product flow, increasing the overall productivity up to 200 kg / h and the quality of the device, at the same time due to the reverse introduced into the drive, when the feed screw is clogged due to reverse switching, the device is unloaded and further its work without violating the technological process of obtaining juice, wherein the grinding grill is used with holes with a diameter of 5; 9 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm, with a thickness of the grinding double-sided knife of 5-8 mm, and the pressing screw is made with a cone of 15 degrees made of fluoroplastic, while the juicer body has perforation with holes with a diameter of 2-2.5 mm.

The novelty of the proposed device is that by introducing a second grill and a double-sided knife, changing the layout of the grilles and the general scheme of work in the specified parameters, we get the opportunity to work with meat grinders of the next class in terms of productivity significantly (by 10-25%) to increase the productivity of the device for extracting juice from apples and pears due to the ability to process whole fruits with a diameter of 50-60 mm or their large parts, having dimensions for the increased diameter of the loading neck of the device, which also reduces time on me to prepare raw materials in processing increasing productivity up to 200 kg / h and reduces the loss of time and materials by further cutting and podpressovyvaniya during product supply and eliminating reverse clogging of the working bodies.

The parameters of the proposed device in the form of the width of a double-sided knife and lattices and the diameter of the holes of the lattice and mesh of the juicer, as well as the shape of the shaft extension (finger) with a slot, the angle of the cone of the juicer and the introduction of the reverse of the drive, are determined by practical means from the condition of stable capture and feeding by the auger of fruits or their parts. Measuring the diameter of the loading neck, and ensuring uniformity of the supply of fruits without additional prepress on top of the neck and maintaining uniformity of pressing.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a device for producing juice from fruits, vegetables and berries of increased productivity, which includes a feeding screw 1, mounted in the case 2 of the meat grinder and receiving rotation from a reversible drive (not shown in the diagram).

At the output end, the feeding auger 1 has a shaft extension 3 with a slot, on which a cutting grid 4 and a removable double-sided knife 5 and a grill are mounted 6. The shaft extension passes through the cutting grill 4 with a double-sided knife and grill 6. At the end of the shaft extension 3 with a slot protruding from the grill 6, a conical pressing screw 7 of the juicer is attached, with a fixing pin 8 included in the groove of the extension 3 located in the additional housing 9, having a removable filter screen 10 and the spin regulator in the form of a screw 11. A large base of the pressing usnogo screw 7 is made in the form of a flat blade adjacent to the grid 6 and purifying it from the product during operation. The case 9 of the juicer is attached to the main body of the meat grinder with a union nut 12. The grilles 4 and 6 are fixed in the case 2 with a key in the case 2 (not shown in the diagram). In the lower part of the grids 4 and 6, grooves are made for the juice to flow from the housing 2 into the additional housing 9 and further onto the replaceable filter mesh l6 of the juicer.

The device operates as follows. Using the components and parts of a universal kitchen machine and a screw meat grinder used in public catering, and a juicer attachment, according to the scheme, a device is assembled for obtaining juice from whole fruits, vegetables and berries.

Modified parts of the device are the feeding screw 1 with an extension of the shaft 3 with a slot, the pressing screw 7, interchangeable grilles 4; 6 and double-sided knife 5 which require some mechanical refinement. For interchangeable gratings 4 and 6, grooves are made in the lower part for the juice to flow onto the filter mesh 10 and by grinding their thickness is adjusted to the specified parameters.

Using the proposed screw, a shaft extension with a slot and modified parts, they assemble the proposed device for working according to the feeding screw - cutting grid - double-sided knife - grinding grill - pressing screw scheme, and after checking at idle speed and in reverse, they begin to obtain juice.

Fruits, vegetables or berries are fed into the loading funnel of the housing 2 of the working device as a whole, and large ones that do not go into the neck are cut into pieces and receive natural juice with pulp at the outlet of the filter cartridge 10, and compressed waste at the outlet of the spin regulator 11 (spin). The quality and quantity of the juice obtained is regulated by the sizes of the replaceable filter mesh 10 and the spin regulator 11, as well as by the replaceable grinding grill 6 and a double-sided knife 5, which has holes of different cross-sections for the grill 4 (5-9), and a different number of blades for a double-sided knife 5 (2 or 4).

An experimental verification of the proposed device for pressing juice from fruits, vegetables and berries without preliminary grinding of raw materials was carried out using a universal drive equipped with a reverse with a power consumption of 1000 watts, a meat grinder 622-2 (M-2) (grate diameter 82 mm, neck diameter 65 mm) . The additional equipment was that, when assembling the device, a cutting grill, a double-sided knife with four blades and a grinding grill with a hole diameter of 5 mm with grooves in the lower part for flowing juice, and on the protruding one, were installed on the extender of the feed screw of the meat grinder when assembling the device. From the grinding grate, the end of the shaft extension was installed with a juicer press screw with a pin in the internal channel with an angle of 15 degrees and the structure was assembled according to the presented diagram with a filter mesh with di hole ameter 2 mm.

The test of the proposed device was carried out in 2010-2011 to obtain juice from apples, pears and berries (mountain ash) grown in collective gardens and at the Sverdlovsk selection gardening station (USSR), in the conditions of a research laboratory at the Department of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture of the Ural Processing Faculty State Agricultural Academy of Yekaterinburg.

Prepared (washed) fruits were fed into the device whole (with a diameter of 40-50 mm) or cut into pieces of 35-40 grams so that they freely passed into the loading neck of the device.

Example 1. Pears of the Chusovaya variety, solid with a fruit mass of 40-65 grams, rounded in shape and with a diameter of up to 55 mm. After washing and sorting, pressing was carried out in its entirety. The yield of juice with pulp 82.2%. Waste (extraction) amounted to 14.7% from the feedstock.

Pear variety "Zarechnaya". Yellow pear-shaped fruits with a fruit weight of 45-120 grams and a diameter of 45-65 mm. Pressing was carried out as a whole or cut into 2-4 parts. The yield of juice with pulp is 79%, the extraction is 17.9%.

Pear grade "Fields" (control), greenish, pear-shaped, hard fruits with a mass of 40-65 grams and a diameter of 30-50 mm. Pressed in its entirety. The yield of juice with pulp is 83.8%, spin - 12.8%.

Example 2. Apples of the variety "Ural early". The diameter of the fruit is 30-40 mm. Weight 30-50 grams. When pressing in the proposed device, the yield of juice with pulp was 67.4%, spin - 27.6%.

The experimental batches of products by weight were 6-10 kg, which confirms the performance, versatility and reliability of the proposed design.

Studies have shown that the proposed device for obtaining juice from fruits and vegetables in one operation without preliminary grinding of raw materials is efficient and technically feasible.

The introduction of the reverse of the engine, a double-sided chopping knife between two grates and between the screws in combination with the refinement of the gratings and the installation of a pressing screw on an elongated shaft makes it possible to process fruit and vegetable raw materials in one operation, obtaining natural juice with pulp without first grinding fruits, vegetables and berries. The process using the device is similar to obtaining juice in a two-stage pressing, but faster and with less labor.

It was established that the novelty is that to obtain juice by pressing from fruits, vegetables and berries, preliminary grinding and purification of raw materials are not required, which extends the range of application of the device (universal kitchen machine) and reduces the time for juice, improving its quality, as the process occurs continuously in one operation without intermediate oxidation of the product from the contact of fruit and vegetable raw materials with air.

The non-obvious effect of the proposed complex grinding and pressing device allows to increase the yield of juice with pulp from pears to 79-83%, and from apples - to 67% compared to regulated for pears - 54-64% and apples - 58-64%, which can give a significant economic and social effect, especially in small-scale farming or private production.

The proposed device for producing juice from fruits, vegetables and berries without preliminary grinding does not require large production costs and can be included in the kit for UKM or food processors. At the same time, the set should include interchangeable grids of a given size, a double-sided knife with grooves for the flow of juice, and a feeding screw with a slot in the shaft extension can be made additionally.

The proposed device can be used to expand the range of operations performed by universal drives of food processors in a farm or personal economy, helping to efficiently and quickly process the grown crop of fruits, fruits, vegetables and berries in a farm or personal farm.

Claims (1)

A device for producing juice from fruits, vegetables and berries, including a drive (drive mechanism), a meat grinder body, a feeding screw, a chopping knife, a grill, a pressing screw, a juicer body, regulation and fastening elements, characterized in that the device operates according to the scheme: feeding auger - cutting grill - double-sided knife - grinding grill - pressing screw, moreover, the grinding grill is used with holes with a diameter of 5-9 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm, with a thickness of a double-sided knife of 5-8 mm, while the pressing screw in the juicer filled with a 15 ° cone and made of fluoroplastic, and the case of the cone of the juicer has perforation with holes of 2-2.5 mm, while the drive mechanism is equipped with a reverse.