RU113798U1 - CONSTANT-VELOCITY JOINT - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution relates to mechanics, general engineering, non-disconnectable rotational motion couplings, allowing the relative movement of the parts to be joined, namely universal joints, and especially to those in which one coupling half enters the other and is connected to it by rolling elements and having the ability to move along grooves whose axes are located on cylindrical surfaces.

Scope - high-speed transmission.

The objective of the utility model is to create a simple and reliable design of the joint of equal angular velocities at the minimum cost of its production.

The technical result consists in simplifying the design of the hinge of equal angular velocities, increasing the reliability of the hinge with a reduced level of vibration and noise.

Hinge of equal angular velocities, consisting of a housing, which is an external coupling half and a cage, which is an inner coupling half, with axially arranged raceways and a separator, in the windows of which are balls contacting with the surfaces of the raceways, according to the claimed solution, a section is made on the inner coupling half with a convex spherical surface in contact with the inner concave surface of the separator, while the area with the spherical surface of the inner coupling half is made between e e cylindrical surface and its end. The end face of the inner coupling half is placed in one plane with the ends of the separator and the outer coupling half.

Description

The solution relates to mechanics, general mechanical engineering, non-disconnectable rotational motion couplings, allowing the relative movement of the parts to be connected, namely universal joints, and especially to those in which one coupling half enters the other and is connected to it by rolling elements that can be moved along grooves whose axes are located on cylindrical surfaces.

The scope of application of non-disconnectable couplings is extensive. Hinges of equal angular speeds are widely known (see, for example, Designing all-wheel drive wheeled vehicles, vol. 2, p. 133-M. Publishing House of MSTU named after N.E.Bauman). Among them, ball joints occupy a prominent place.

Many developers attribute their objects to universal joints of equal angular velocities.

The document FR2899660 describes a joint of equal angular velocities without a gap, in EP 1867885 a universal joint of equal angular velocities with intersecting grooves is given, a ball joint of equal angular velocities is given in GB2444877. The universal ball joint according to US7396285 is even more complicated. It has a working groove with an inflection point.

It is assumed that the universal ball joint according to US7448952 transfers less axial loads, and the universal ball joint according to EP2014941 has a fixed central portion. Of course, the operability of the universal joint of equal angular velocities depends on each hinge element and the method of its manufacture, which is reflected in documents US7637819, EP2143964, as well as JP4401745.

In many cases, a universal sliding ball joint according to US7431653 may find application. It is desirable that during operation of the joint of equal angular velocities in its coupling halves, the balls roll. It is assumed that this provides a universal joint of equal angular velocities with oncoming raceways for large bending angles according to RU2324084, and that this contributes to the implementation of the internal elements of the universal joint of equal angular velocities according to WO2010022760 and WO2010022761, as well as a separator and spherical cage according to US7666102 and EP2180202 and EP2180202 and EP2180202.

The sliding and rolling of the balls is facilitated by the implementation of the coupling halves with the middle lines of the grooves of each of them located on the cylinder coaxial to the corresponding coupling half and their telescopic connection. An example of this is the universal joints of equal angular velocities of the sliding type according to WO2007034776 and EP1806513.

The above objects are non-disconnectable rotational motion couplings, in which one half-coupling enters the other and is connected to it by rolling elements that can move along the grooves. In some cases, the implementation of the implementation of the coupling with the middle lines of the grooves of each of them, located on the cylinder, coaxial to the corresponding coupling half and their telescopic connection.

Despite their diversity, there is no simple and reliable design of the hinge of equal angular velocities, requiring low costs for their production, capable of operating at high speeds and transmitting torque at a significant angle.

Known universal universal joint of equal angular speeds according to EP1845274 with the implementation of the coupling with the middle lines of the grooves of each of them located on the cylinder, coaxial to the corresponding coupling half and their telescopic connection, as well as its modification according to EP2105621. These hinges contain half-couplings with axially arranged raceways and a separator having spherical surfaces, in the windows of which are placed balls in contact with the surfaces of the raceways. Their inner coupling half is made with a spherical surface in contact with the inner surface of the separator. The spherical surface of the inner coupling half is limited by its ends, which are placed inside the outer coupling half. These hinges belong to the group of non-high-speed ones, capable of transmitting large torques at not high revolutions, because the contact area of the spherical part of the inner coupling half and the separator is quite large. More difficult than these joints is the constant velocity joint according to RU2098679. This constant velocity joint is equipped with a control sleeve, which does not at all simplify its design and certainly does not increase reliability. The location of this sleeve on the shaft outside the raceways will adversely affect the performance of the hinge, both because of a reduction in their length and the slip ("fidgeting") of the sleeve on the shaft. With an increase in the shaft rotation frequency, such “fidgeting” can lead to noise, which detects overhead during operation.

Known adopted for the prototype hinge of equal angular velocities according to RU2172874, containing half-couplings with axially arranged raceways and a separator, in the windows of which are placed balls in contact with the surfaces of the raceways. This hinge has a control sleeve mounted on the shaft with the possibility of sliding. The sleeve is made with an asymmetric spherical surface, in outer diameter in contact with the inner surface of the separator and with a plane in contact with the inner coupling half.

In this design, the issue of reducing the heating temperature of the joint of equal angular velocities was solved, but the joint acquired the possibility of increased noise due to impacts of the inner part of the coupling half on the plane of the control sleeve, which in turn can hit the shaft end. In this case, there could be no increase in the reliability of the joint of equal angular velocities due to the difficulty of lubricating the inner spherical surface of the separator and the outer surface of the sphere of the dividing sleeve.

Signs of the prototype, coinciding with the claimed device, are: the presence of a housing having raceways on the inner cylindrical surface; a shaft located inside the housing with raceways made in one of its sections; the presence of balls in the windows of the separator; the presence on the outer surface of the separator of a spherical section in contact with the inner cylindrical surface of the housing.

The objective of the utility model is to create a simple and reliable design of the joint of equal angular velocities at the minimum cost of its production.

The technical result consists in simplifying the design of the hinge of equal angular velocities, increasing the reliability of the hinge with a reduced level of vibration and noise. The technical result is achieved due to the rational mutual arrangement of the elements of the hinge and, above all, the housing and casing, which are its coupling halves.

To do this, in a constant velocity joint containing half couplings with axially arranged raceways and a separator, in the windows of which are balls contacting with the surfaces of the raceways of the half couplings, a section with a spherical convex surface in contact with a similar inner concave surface of the separator is made on the inner half coupling.

The execution on the inner half-coupling of a section with a spherical surface in contact with the inner surface of the separator, in a constant velocity joint containing half-couplings with axially arranged raceways and a separator, in the windows of which are placed balls in contact with the surfaces of the raceways of the half-couplings, will simplify the hinge with increasing the reliability of its operation while reducing manufacturing costs, due to the rational execution and location of the main elements of the hinge of equal angular bones.

Thereby, the technical effect of creating a simple, low-cost in production, and reliable hinge design with a reduced level of vibration and noise will be achieved.

This effect is facilitated by the fact that a section with a spherical surface in contact with the inner surface of the separator is made between the cylindrical surface of the inner coupling half and its end, which favorably affects the dynamics of their interaction.

To expand the functionality of the hinge, the end face of the inner coupling half is placed in one plane with the end face of the separator, which allows you to change the angle of the driven and leading links over a wide range.

Depicted on:

Figure 1 - hinge;

Figure 2 - the housing from the end;

Figure 3 - clip from the end;

Figure 4 - separator;

Figure 5 - clip AA;

The hinge of equal angular velocities comprises a housing 1 (Fig. 1) and a clip 2, which are its outer and inner coupling halves, respectively. In the housing 1 and the cage 2, raceways 3 and 4 are made (FIGS. 2, 3). The raceways 3 and 4 are axially positioned, i.e. parallel to the axes of the housing 5 and the holder 6, respectively. The hinge contains a separator 7 (figure 4). In the windows 8 of the separator 7 placed balls 9, which are in contact with raceways 3 and 4.

On the inner coupling half there is a section 10 (Fig. 5) with a convex spherical surface 11, which is in contact with the concave inner surface 12 of the separator 7.

The execution on the inner coupling half of section 10 with a spherical surface 11 in contact with the inner surface 12 of the separator 7 of an equal velocity joint comprising half couplings 1 and 2 with axially arranged raceways 3 and 4 and a separator 7, in the windows 8 of which are placed balls 9 in contact with surfaces of raceways 3 and 4, will achieve a technical effect to simplify its design, increase reliability, functionality while reducing the cost of its production.

A spherical surface 13 is made on the separator 7, which is in contact with the surface 14 of the housing 1. The centers 15 and 16 of the surfaces 12 and 13 are located at the same distance 17 and 18 from the plane 19 passing through the middle of the windows 8 of the separator 7. The holder 2 has a section 20 with a cylindrical surface and a section 10 is made between it and the end 21. Since the section 10 with a spherical surface 11 in contact with the inner surface 12 of the separator 7 is made between the cylindrical surface of the inner coupling half 2 and its end 21, the dynamics of the interaction of the ball Ik 9 with the clip 2 is improved, which leads to increased reliability of the hinge.

The end face 21 with the coaxial arrangement of the coupling halves 1 and 2 in the statics is placed in the plane of the ends 22 and 23 of the separator 7 and the housing 1.

All this allows the hinge to be reliably opened to large angles, while the design of the hinge is simple.

In order that the hinge during operation does not have the possibility of parsing in the housing 1, a groove 24 is provided in which a spring ring 25 is inserted.

The hinge functions as follows.

When a torque is applied to the housing 1, the balls 9 interact with it and the holder 2, which causes it to rotate. This hinge allows axial displacement of the housing 1 and the holder 2. In addition, it allows the housing 1 and the holder 2 to change their angular position. This is due to the fact that the section 10 with a spherical surface 11 on the cage 2 is in direct contact with the inner surface 12 of the separator. Due to the fixation of the holder 2 and the separator 7, the collision of its component parts is excluded, which led to the elimination of noise and vibration during operation of the hinge.

The execution on the inner coupling half 2 of section 10 with a spherical surface 11, which is in contact with the inner surface 12 of the separator 7, in a constant velocity joint comprising half couplings 1 and 2 with axially arranged raceways 3 and 4, of the separator 7, in the windows of which balls 9 are placed in contact with the surfaces of raceways 3 and 4, will achieve a technical effect to simplify its design and increase reliability while reducing the cost of its production.

Claims (2)

1. Hinge of equal angular velocities, consisting of a housing, which is an external coupling half, and a cage, which is an internal coupling half of a hinge, with axially arranged raceways and a separator, in the windows of which are balls contacting with the surfaces of the raceways, characterized in that on the inner the coupling half has a section with a convex spherical surface in contact with the inner concave surface of the separator, while the section with the spherical surface of the inner coupling half is made between its surface-cylindrical and its end. 2. The hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the end face of the inner coupling half is placed in the same plane as the ends of the separator and the outer coupling half.