RU108735U1 - TECHNOLOGICAL LINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE MIX - Google Patents

Abstract

 Concrete mixture production line containing a cement or clinker warehouse, a warehouse for large and small fillers, a warehouse for mineral additives, a warehouse for chemical additives, supply bins for hourly supply and temperature averaging of concrete mixture components, batchers of concrete and water components, a concrete mixer, with which the dispensers of coarse and fine fillers are connected, and a feed hopper for the ready-mixed concrete, installed at the outlet of the mixer, characterized in that it is additional it contains a unit for mechanical activation of coarse and fine fillers, a unit for mechanical activation of cement and mineral additives, installed in series with warehouses and to which respective feed hoppers are connected to ensure hourly supply and temperature averaging of components, additionally contains a homogenizer, which is connected on one side through appropriate dispensers to consumables for cement or clinker and mineral additives and a warehouse for chemical additives and water, and on the other with a concrete mixer In addition, the chemical additives and water warehouse has a preparatory compartment for mixing chemical additives with water before being fed to the homogenizer, and the line additionally contains a fiber warehouse connected through a batcher to a concrete mixer.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of production of building materials and can be used for the preparation of concrete.

The prior art technological lines for the preparation of mortars, protected by patents for inventions RU 2189901, IPC В28С 9/00, publ. 09/27/2002 and RU 2189902, IPC В28С 9/00, publ. 09/27/2002. These lines contain the aggregate grinding and fractionation unit, a hopper for ground aggregate, to which a container for water saturation of the specified aggregate with a settler, a bin for a mineral binder and a tank for water are connected. The sump is connected to a water tank. The composition of the line includes a mortar mixer, which through dispensers is connected to bins of a mineral binder, a settler and a water tank, and a bunker of finished products. Mortar preparation technology is simplified using these well-known lines. A saturation of the aggregate with water leads to a decrease in the amount of binders in the preparation of mortar, i.e. to save them. However, the functionality of the technological lines for patents for inventions No. 2189901, No. 2189902 is limited, since they do not allow to obtain mortars of different structures and different properties by using mineral and / or chemical additives.

The prior art concrete mixing workshops or concrete plants for the preparation of concrete mixtures (Bazhenov Yu.M., Komar AG Technology of concrete and reinforced concrete products: Textbook for high schools. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1984. S.361-364). The composition of the well-known concrete mixing plant (concrete plant), which is taken as a prototype of the claimed utility model, includes a cement warehouse, a warehouse of large and small fillers, a warehouse of additives, supply bins to ensure hourly supply and temperature averaging of concrete mix components from the warehouses, transport equipment , batchers of concrete mix components, mixing equipment (concrete mixer) and feed hopper for the finished concrete mix. The components that make up the concrete mixture, namely: cement, large and small fillers, mineral and chemical additives, (Bazhenov Yu.M., Komar A.G. Technology of concrete and reinforced concrete products: Textbook for universities. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1984 . S.12-13, 17, 28, 51-52), from the warehouses they enter the consumable bins to ensure the hourly supply and temperature averaging. According to the concrete recipe corresponding to its purpose, the batchers measure the components of the concrete mixture in a concrete mixer, where they are mixed and the finished product is dispensed. The quality and uniformity of the resulting concrete mix is affected by seasonality, inertness of large aggregates, instability in the chemical, mineralogical and granulometric composition of the binder (cement), physicochemical capabilities of each component, and interaction with each other. The prototype device does not take these factors into account, therefore it does not provide stable quality, uniformity of the concrete mix and does not allow to obtain concrete mix with different specified operational characteristics.

The objective of the utility model is to improve the quality and uniformity of the concrete mixture and to provide the possibility of manufacturing different types of concrete mixture depending on the requirements and the desired result while reducing cement consumption.

The technical result that allows us to solve the problem lies in the mechanical and chemical activation, in separate mixing of large and dispersed components of the concrete mixture with their subsequent combination.

The problem is solved as follows.

The inventive concrete production line, as well as the prototype, contains a cement warehouse, a warehouse for coarse and fine fillers, a warehouse for mineral additives, a warehouse for chemical additives, supply bins for hourly supply and temperature averaging of concrete mixture components, batchers of concrete mixture and water components, a concrete mixer, to which dispensers of coarse and fine aggregate are connected, and a feed hopper for the ready-mixed concrete, installed at the outlet of the mixer.

Unlike the prototype, the utility model additionally contains a mechanical activation unit for coarse and fine fillers, a mechanical activation unit for cement and mineral additives, installed in series with the warehouses and to which the corresponding feed bins are connected to ensure hourly supply and temperature averaging, additionally contains a homogenizer, which with one side is connected through appropriate dispensers with consumables for cement and mineral additives and a warehouse of chemical additives with water, and on the other, with a concrete mixer. In addition, the warehouse of chemical additives and water has a preparatory department for mixing chemical additives with water before feeding them to the homogenizer. The difference is also that the line additionally contains a fiber warehouse connected through a batcher to a concrete mixer.

Crushed stone, gravel and sand are traditionally used as coarse and fine fillers, as mineral additives can be used, for example, ash, silica fume and other additives known to specialists, as chemical additives, depending on what concrete properties concrete should have, can be used, for example, surface-active substances (surfactants), superplasticizers, nanocarbon, etc.

As you can see, the proposed production line, in contrast to the prototype, before mixing all the components contains two independent preparatory departments (two branches): one department - preparation of large and small filler, the other - preparation of cementitious compound with mineral, chemical additives and water. Both branches have mechanical activators affecting the crystal lattice of raw materials (concrete mix components). Such separate preparation of concrete mix components allows you to vary the concrete mix properties in a directional way: increase strength characteristics, reduce cement consumption, for example, when using surfactants, plasticizers, pigments, and, as a result, expand the varieties of concrete obtained. In addition, the line additionally contains a fiber warehouse, and the use of fiber also increases the strength characteristics of the concrete mixture in tension and bending and helps to save cement.

The utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a block diagram of a technological line for the production of concrete mix.

The concrete mixture production line contains a warehouse for large and small aggregates 1, a cement or clinker warehouse 2, a mineral additives warehouse 3, a chemical additives and water warehouse 4 with a preparation department for mixing these additives with water, a fiber warehouse 5. In series with the large and of fine aggregate 1, a mechanical activation unit 6 is installed, with a storage of mineral additives 2 and with a warehouse of cement or clinker 3 - a mechanical activation unit 7. Consumption buns are connected to the mechanical activation units 6, 7 EASURES 8, 9, respectively to provide hourly stock and temperature averaging components. The production line contains a homogenizer 10, which is connected through batchers 11 to supply hoppers 9 and a warehouse of chemical additives and water 4. The components of the concrete mixture enter the concrete mixer 12 from the homogenizer 10 and batchers 13. A concrete hopper for the finished concrete mixture 14 is connected to the concrete mixer 12 .

A technological line for the production of concrete mix works as follows. Large and small inert filler (crushed stone, gravel, sand) from the rail warehouse 1 is fed to the mechanical activation unit 6, where the mechanical effect on the crystal lattice of the filler is carried out. Then the activated materials enter the supply hoppers 8, where they are averaged over a short time over temperature, and then through the dispensers 13 to the concrete mixer 12. Fiber from the warehouse 5 is also dosed to the concrete mixer 12, if necessary. Parallel to the second branch from the cement or clinker warehouse 3 and the storage of mineral additives 2, cement (clinker) and mineral additives are supplied to the mechanical activation unit 7. In the block of mechanical activation 7 is a mechanical effect on the crystal lattice of these components. Due to the destruction of microstructural bonds, their specific surface area increases and, as a result, the reactivity (hydraulic activity) of cement with respect to water increases. In the process of mechanical activation, cement (clinker) and mineral additives receive the necessary dispersion and then go to consumables 9 to ensure an hourly supply and temperature averaging of the components and then through the dispensers 11 to the homogenizer 10. At this stage, to the homogenizer 10, also through the corresponding dispensers, water mixed with chemical additives enters. Depending on the purpose and properties of concrete, plasticizers, accelerators, moderators, stabilizers can be used as chemical additives. To ensure the decorative properties of concrete, pigment is fed into the homogenizer 10 through a batcher. A matrix for concrete (adhesive mixture) is prepared from the components received in the homogenizer. After the matrix has been prepared, it is fed into a concrete mixer 12, where it meets with activated coarse and fine filler, fiber, and, when mixed, forms a concrete mixture. From the mixer 12, the ready-mixed concrete enters the feed hopper 14. The production line according to the utility model allows to reduce cement consumption by 30-50% and makes it possible to produce concrete with high technological requirements and wide technological capabilities.

Claims (1)

Concrete mixture production line containing a cement or clinker warehouse, a warehouse for large and small fillers, a mineral additive warehouse, a chemical additive warehouse, supply bins for hourly supply and temperature averaging of concrete mixture components, batchers of concrete mixture and water components, a concrete mixer, with which the dispensers of coarse and fine fillers are connected, and a feed hopper for the ready-mixed concrete, installed at the outlet of the mixer, characterized in that it is additional it contains a mechanical activation unit for coarse and fine fillers, a mechanical activation unit for cement and mineral additives, installed in series with warehouses and to which respective feed hoppers are connected to ensure hourly supply and temperature averaging of components, additionally contains a homogenizer, which, on the one hand, is connected through appropriate dispensers to consumables for cement or clinker and mineral additives and a warehouse for chemical additives and water, and on the other with a concrete mixer In addition, the chemical additives and water warehouse has a preparatory compartment for mixing chemical additives with water before being fed to the homogenizer, and the line additionally contains a fiber warehouse connected through a batcher to a concrete mixer.