RU107074U1 - DEVICE FOR GRINDING CHECKS OF SOLID ROCKET FUEL - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A device for crushing crumbs of solid rocket fuel checkers (TRT), characterized in that the device is made in the form of a machine tool containing a frame made of metal sheets to form a bath for water, in the upper part of the frame there is a multi-saw block located on the shaft a drive, wherein the multi-saw block is formed by at least one set of saws placed partially or completely in the water bath, parallel to each other with gaps between them; above the multi-saw block there is a tube with nozzles for supplying water to the cutting zone of the multi-saw block, and in the front of the frame there is an axial feed mechanism with a drive for cutting the TPT block, and the TPT block is fixed from lateral movements during cutting by the input die located in front of the multi-saw block , and an output die located behind the multi-saw block; behind the output die there is a comb, which is a set of vertically placed metal plates designed to freely pass the TPT checker plates and prevent them from tilting during removal from the machine, in turn, a stopper is located in front of the comb in the central channel of the TPT checker plate, which supports the overhanging part located on top sawn plates of the TRT checker and cantilever freezing, leading to cracking of the not yet sawn part of the TRT checker; in the lower part of the frame, in the bath for water, there is a basket for the extraction of shavings generated during cutting of the TRT piece; in addition, the machine includes a pair of rolls rotating towards each other, equipped with a set of sharpened pins located on an external

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of grinding and crushing in roller mills for the disposal of gunpowder and solid rocket propellants (TRT) rocket technology on a ballistic basis, for their subsequent processing into powder explosive mixtures (PVA) or destruction.

State of the art

At present, a sufficient number of methods for the disposal or destruction of gunpowder and TRT have been developed and tested in practice using various devices for such processing.

A known method of eliminating the bonded charges of TRT with detachable bottoms (patent RU 2165591, publ. 04/20/2001) The essence of this method is that the elimination of the charge of TRT, bonded to the body with a detachable bottom, is produced by cutting it with a stream of water under pressure. First, the bottom is separated, then the body with the TPT charge is mounted on a special device and rotated. In the process of rotation, the TRT charge is crushed by a water jet by moving the grinding head at the open end of the charge. During the grinding of the TPT charge, the grinding head is rotated so that its cutting end is parallel to the inner surface of the body, and moved along this surface, removing the remains of the TPT. The resulting wet charge charge TRT is used as components for the manufacture of powder explosive mixtures (LAN) or destroyed by burning in an environmentally friendly furnace.

This method is carried out by a device known from the same patent, comprising a source of high pressure water, drive devices for rotating the housing with a charge of TRT and supplying water from the high pressure source to the body of the product, a waste water treatment unit, a control system. The main elements of the device are the drive of rotation of the product and axially movable, with the possibility of changing the position of the cutting end, a grinding head having a channel inside for supplying water under pressure to the TRT charge cutoff.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- the need for special equipment that provides high-pressure water supply;

- the complexity of the technology for the elimination of charges TRT, which consists in performing a sufficiently large number of operations (rotation of products, moving and turning the grinding head, etc.);

- high energy intensity of the process.

There is also known a method of eliminating charges TRT (patent RU 2143660, publ. 12/27/1999). The essence of this method lies in the fact that the charge TPT, bonded to the housing with an inseparable bottom, is installed on the rotation device and, during rotation, the pre-nozzle part of the housing is separated. Then, using the hydraulic cutting unit, the TRT charge is cut into parts in the form of wheels, and then the fraction of the charge under the cut ring of the body is crushed into crumbs. The resulting crumb of the charge, together with the water generated after the hydraulic cutting, is either used as components for the manufacture of PVA or burned in a furnace.

The same patent describes an apparatus for eliminating TPT charges. One of the main elements of the installation are the mechanisms of rotation and hydraulic cutting of TRT charges. Also in the installation there are systems for supplying pressurized water, waste water treatment and control.

The disadvantages of the device are:

- the need for complex and expensive equipment for high pressure water supply;

- low profitability and durability of the elements of the mechanisms of hydraulic cutting compared to mechanical cutting tools;

- the inability, using the hydraulic cutting method, to obtain the bulk of the TRT fractions with the specified geometric parameters necessary for the production of PVA;

- high energy intensity of the process of destruction of charges TRT by the method of hydraulic cutting.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention allows to solve the problem of safe and efficient disposal of TPT checkers, while the disposal of TPT checkers does not generate waste.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the device for crushing crumbs of solid rocket fuel checkers (TRT), according to the invention, is made in the form of a machine tool containing a frame made of metal sheets to form a bath for water, a multi-saw block is located in the upper part of the frame placed on the drive shaft, and the multi-saw block is formed by at least one set of saws, partially or completely placed in the water bath, parallel to each other with gaps between them; above the multi-saw block there is a tube with nozzles for supplying water to the cutting zone of the multi-saw block, and in the front of the frame there is an axial feed mechanism with a drive for cutting the TPT block, and the TPT block is fixed from lateral movements during cutting by the input die located in front of the multi-saw block , and an output die located behind the multi-saw block; behind the outlet die there is a comb, which is a set of vertically placed metal plates designed to freely pass the TPT checker plates and prevent them from tilting during removal from the machine, in turn, a stopper is located in front of the comb in the central channel of the TPT checker plate, which supports the overhanging part located on top sawn plates of the TRT checker and cantilever freezing, leading to cracking of the not yet sawn part of the TRT checker; in the lower part of the frame, in the bath for water, there is a basket for the extraction of shavings generated during cutting of the TRT piece; in addition, the machine includes a pair of rolls rotating towards each other, equipped with a set of sharpened pins located on the outer cylindrical surface of the rolls to grind the plates of the TRT checker, with the possibility of feeding water into the gap between the rolls; a water circulation system consisting of the aforementioned tube with nozzles, a water bath, a basket for collecting TRT chips, a pumping unit for taking water from the bath for the machine, as well as at least two tanks, with a strainer placed inside each of them water, and tap sequentially switching water purification filters.

It is advisable that the saws in the multi-saw block were made circular or in the form of longitudinal or transverse band saws.

The number of saws in a multi-saw block, preferably from 5 to 20 pieces.

The gap between the saws can be from 3 ÷ 25 mm.

According to the invention, it is preferred that the cork is made of polyethylene, polypropylene.

The inlet and outlet dies are metal plates 10–30 mm thick with a hole in the shape of the end projection of the TPT checker or sheet metal staples, curved in the shape of the upper part of the end projection of the checker, fixed to the machine frame with the possibility of quick replacement.

The chip extraction basket is made of sheet metal and has two mesh walls for water passage.

The height of the vertically placed comb plates should not be less than 50 mm, and the thickness not more than the thickness of the cut.

The distances between the saws in the set are formed based on the dimensions of the central channel of the TRT checker.

The technical result achieved by the claimed invention is to simplify the design of the equipment, as well as its versatility, while reducing the number of technological operations required to grind the pieces of TPT with the simultaneous possibility of grinding pieces of TPT with a diameter of up to 300 mm into chips and chips suitable for subsequent production of PVA .

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 schematically shows the stages of grinding checkers TRT;

- figure 2 - the device of the machine for cutting checkers TRT on the plate;

- figure 3 is a closed process of using the working fluid in the filtration system of the machine for cutting checkers TRT on the plate;

The implementation of the invention

1. - checker TRT;

2. - sawn checker TRT;

3. - plate checkers TRT;

4. - baby TRT;

5. - frame of the machine for cutting checkers TRT;

6. - bathtub for water;

7. - multi-saw block;

8. - plug for the central channel of the TRT checker;

9. - the central channel of the TRT checker;

10. - the mechanism of axial feed checkers TRT;

11. - drive mechanism axial feed checkers TRT;

12. - rotary drive multisaw unit;

13. - shaft drive rotation of the multi-saw block;

14. - pipe with nozzles for supplying water to the cutting zone of the machine for cutting checkers TRT;

15. - input die for fixing the TPT pieces during cutting;

16. - output die for fixing TRT checkers during cutting;

17. - comb;

18. - basket for cutting chips;

19. - pipe to drain the water from the bath of the machine for cutting checkers TRT;

20. - pump unit for taking water from the bath of the machine for cutting checkers TRT;

21. - crane sequential switching of water purification filters;

22. - tanks for water purification filters;

23. - mesh filter for water purification.

The essence of the method of grinding checkers TRT (figure 1) is to change their quality condition. From the whole TPT checker 1, first a sawn checker 2 is obtained, consisting of plates 3, and then the TPT 4 chips.

The cutting device is made in the form of a machine for cutting checkers TRT (figure 2), including a frame 5 in the form of a welded structure, on which are placed mechanisms that facilitate the implementation of the proposed method of grinding checkers TRT 1. Metal sheets of frame 5 form a bath 6 for water. In the upper part of the frame 5 there is a multi-saw block 7 located on the shaft 13 of the drive 12. The multi-saw block 7 is formed by at least one set of circular or other (for example, longitudinal, transverse, etc.) saws, in the amount of 5 to 20 pieces, partially or partially completely in the bath 6 for water parallel to each other with gaps between the saws from 3 to 25 mm.

The indicated numerical ranges of the number of saws, as well as the values of the gaps between them, are optimal for performing the operations of cutting the checker in one pass through the multi-saw block 7, since it is possible to pass the checker of large diameter (up to 300 mm or more) and the possibility of obtaining plates of 3 optimal sizes in thickness . The same reasons explain the speed of longitudinal feed of the pieces into the cutting zone, which is 60–600 mm / min, as well as the linear speed of the saw teeth 20–600 m / min. In addition, these ranges were chosen on the basis of the condition that the plates do not break or crack when the pieces are sawn.

Above the multi-saw block is a tube 14 with nozzles for supplying water to the cutting zone of the machine. In the front of the frame 5, there is a mechanism 10 for axial feeding of the TPT checker 1 for cutting, the operation of which is provided by the drive 11. The checker TPT 1 is fixed from lateral movements during cutting by the input die 15 located in front of the multi-saw block 7 and the output die 16 located in the back multi-saw block 7. Behind the multi-saw block 7, behind the exit die 16 there is a comb 11, designed to freely pass the TPT 3 plates and prevent them from tilting during excavation from the machine, since with a random rotation of the plate 3 be caught by the teeth of the saws and pulled into the gap between the saws, which can lead to overloading the machine and its emergency stop. In front of the comb 11, a stopper 8 is located in the central channel 9 of the TPT checker 1, providing support for the overhanging part of the TPT 3 sawn plates located on top and excluding their cantilever freezing, leading to cracking of the yet not sawn part of the TPT checker 1. The stopper 8 is made in the form of a central channel of the checker 9 TPT 1 and made of plastic or other material (for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.). In the lower part of the frame 5 in the bath 6 for water there is a basket 18 for excavating chips generated during cutting of the TPT piece 1. The basket 18 is made of sheet metal and has two mesh walls for passing water. To drain the water from the bath 6 into its circulation system, the pipe 19 serves. After cutting the pieces into plates, the latter are fed to the water-irrigated gap between two rollers equipped with a set of sharpened pins (roll design not shown in the drawings) located on the outer cylindrical the surface of the rolls, then collect TRT chips and use it for the production of powder explosive mixtures or for destruction.

Figure 3 characterizes the closed process of using the working fluid in the machine for cutting checkers TRT. The water circulation system of the machine for cutting checkers TRT consists of a pipe 14 with nozzles, a bath 6 for water, a basket 18 for collecting chips of TPT, a pumping unit 20 for taking water from a bath 6 for the machine, tanks 22 with a strainer 23 for cleaning water and a tap located inside 21 sequential switching of water purification filters.

The technological complex implements the proposed method of grinding checkers TRT as follows.

The TRT checker 1, intended for grinding, is placed on the cutting machine and is pushed by a pusher (not shown) of the axial feed mechanism 10. The drives 11 and 12 are turned on, and the axial feed of the TRT checker 1 into the cutting zone and the saw blades 7 rotate . In the cutting zone, the TPT checker 1 is cut into plates 3. The inlet 15 and output 16 of the die and comb 11 prevent the transverse movement of the TPT checker 1 and its TPT plates 3. The water coming from the tube 14 with nozzles enters the plates 3 and through them in bath 6 for water. The chips generated during cutting of the TPT checker 1 are deposited in the basket 13. Water is pumped through the mesh walls of the basket 18 and directly from the water bath 6 through the pipe 19 to the water purification filter tank 22. From there, water through a mesh filter 23 of water purification enters the bathtub of the machine and, with the help of a pumping unit, enters again into the tube 14 with nozzles. The cut TPT 3 plates are then fed for crushing. Using a system of two filters in a filter unit allows them to be cleaned without stopping the machine for cutting powder drafts by successive switching of filters with a crane.

Tests of the proposed method for grinding TPT checkers and the technological complex for its implementation were carried out with the disposal of single-channel checkers made of ballistic TPT brand RSI-12K. The cross-sectional shape of the checker is a segment, the weight of one checker is about 10 kg. Using a machine for cutting checkers TRT, plates TPT were obtained with a thickness of 7-10 mm along the length of the checkers. Then, by crushing, a fraction of 10 × 15 × 20 mm was obtained. The productivity of the machine was about 200 kg / h.

The technology is economical and high performance. Equipment for its implementation is not difficult and affordable for manufacturers of PVA.

TPT chips and chips obtained in the process of processing drafts can be used to produce cheap but highly effective PVA.

Claims (9)

1. A device for crushing crumbs of solid rocket fuel checkers (TRT), characterized in that the device is made in the form of a machine tool containing a frame made of metal sheets to form a bath for water, in the upper part of the frame there is a multi-saw block located on the shaft a drive, wherein the multi-saw block is formed by at least one set of saws placed partially or completely in the water bath, parallel to each other with gaps between them; above the multi-saw block there is a tube with nozzles for supplying water to the cutting zone of the multi-saw block, and in the front of the frame there is an axial feed mechanism with a drive for cutting the TPT block, and the TPT block is fixed from lateral movements during cutting by the input die located in front of the multi-saw block , and an output die located behind the multi-saw block; behind the outlet die there is a comb, which is a set of vertically placed metal plates designed to freely pass the TPT checker plates and prevent them from tilting during removal from the machine, in turn, a stopper is located in front of the comb in the central channel of the TPT checker plate, which supports the overhanging part located on top sawn plates of the TRT checker and cantilever freezing, leading to cracking of the not yet sawn part of the TRT checker; in the lower part of the frame, in the bath for water, there is a basket for the extraction of shavings generated during cutting of the TRT piece; in addition, the machine includes a pair of rolls rotating towards each other, equipped with a set of sharpened pins located on the outer cylindrical surface of the rolls to grind the plates of the TRT checker, with the possibility of feeding water into the gap between the rolls; a water circulation system consisting of the aforementioned tube with nozzles, a water bath, a basket for collecting TRT chips, a pumping unit for taking water from the bath for the machine, as well as at least two tanks, with a strainer placed inside each of them water, and tap sequentially switching water purification filters. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the saws in the multi-saw block are made circular or in the form of longitudinal or transverse band saws. 3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the number of saws in the multi-saw block is from 5 to 20 pieces. 4. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the gap between the saws is from 3 ÷ 25 mm. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork is made of polyethylene, polypropylene. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the input and output dies are metal plates with a thickness of 10 ÷ 30 mm with a hole in the shape of the end projection of the checker plate TRT or staples made of sheet metal, curved in the shape of the upper part of the end projection of the checker, fixed to machine frame with quick change. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the basket for chip extraction is made of sheet metal and has two mesh walls for water passage. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the vertically placed comb plates is not less than 50 mm, and the thickness is not more than the thickness of the cut. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distances between the saws in the set are formed based on the dimensions of the central channel of the TRT checker.