RU105169U1 - IN-CHANNEL ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. The intra-channel conductor electrode, including a metal conductor, a layer of silver, or tin, or zinc, a dielectric layer, while the total diameter of the electrode does not exceed the diameter of the well-traveled portion of the root canal, and the length of the active working part of the electrode is determined by the length of the badly-traveled portion of the root canal for supplying the active working part directly to the impassable section of the channel, characterized in that the metal conductor is made of steel or brass and coated over the entire length with a layer of copper, on top otorrhea arranged over the entire length of the electrode, respectively, a layer of silver or tin or zinc, to the active working part of the electrode of the dielectric layer. ! 2. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the total diameter of the conductor electrode is from 0.06 to 2.0 mm. ! 3. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the cylindrical metal conductor is from 0.05 to 1.8 mm. ! 4. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the copper layer on the surface of the metal conductor is from 0.0001 to 0.25 mm ! 5. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the silver layer on the surface of the metal conductor is from 0.0001 to 0.25 mm ! 6. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the active working part of the conductor electrode is from 0.1 to 10 mm.

Description

The patented utility model relates to medicine, namely to physiotherapy and dentistry. The developed conductor electrode will find effective application in the treatment of various dental diseases of teeth with impenetrable root canals by intracanal exposure to direct current using a metal conductor with a silver-copper coating (apex-phoresis method).

Electrodes-conductors of various constructional design for intra channel direct current exposure are known.

A known electrode for transcanal electrophoresis of periodontal disease (see O.I. Efanov, T. F. Dzanagova "Physiotherapy of dental diseases", Moscow, 1980, p.17), as well as an electrode used for depophoresis of copper-calcium hydroxide (see . "Depophoresis of copper-calcium hydroxide" A. Knappvost, journal "Clinical Dentistry", No. 2, June 1998), which is a metal "needle" electrode, which is placed in the root canal, pre-filled with copper-calcium hydroxide, several millimeters (usually well-traveled to the full depth root canal) portion.

Significant disadvantages of the above electrode designs are:

- large dimensions of the electrode and its remoteness from the badly passable part of the root canal of the tooth;

- a relatively large electrode area due to the formation of a “bulk conductor” created by an electrically conductive paste based on copper-calcium hydroxide, in both cases it is difficult or impossible to create the optimal current density in poorly passable and impenetrable sections of the root canal due to its possible leakage through a well-passable part of the root canal, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of the procedure.

An electrophoresis electrode is also known (copyright certificate No. 650630, A61N 1/04) containing a conductor with a terminal for connecting a current source. The conductor is made in the form of a tube with a wire located inside it and isolated from it, soldered to the end surface of the tube from the side of the working end with the formation of a thermocouple. This conductor design allows you to control the intensity of the electrophoresis process. Significant disadvantages of the electrode according to copyright certificate No. 650630 are its large size and distance from the poorly passable part of the root canal of the tooth, which reduces the effectiveness of the use of this electrode in therapeutic practice.

The known intra-channel conductor electrode (RF patent No. 2239463; A61N 1/04; A61N 1/30; A61C 19/06), the closest in technical essence and constructive implementation to the patented utility model, and which is adopted as a prototype.

The electrode is an intra-channel electrode (RF patent No. 2239463) for treating teeth with partially impassable root canals, includes a cylindrical metal conductor, which is made of a copper core coated with a layer of silver or tin or zinc and on top of which there is a dielectric layer to the active working part of the electrode.

The total diameter of the electrode does not exceed the diameter of the well-traveled portion of the root canal, and the length of the active working part of the electrode is determined by the length of the badly-traveled portion of the root canal for supplying the active working part directly to the impassable part of the canal.

The impact is carried out by electric current by introducing an electrode - an intracanal conductor into a well-passable area of the root canal of the tooth, while the working active part of the electrode is introduced into a bad-passable area of the root canal, leading it directly to the impassable area.

The intra-channel conductor electrode can be used both for exposure to electric current and for electrophoresis of various medicinal substances, including depophoresis.

The electrode-conductor according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2239463, due to the small size of the active part, allows to achieve a high current density in the immediate vicinity of the impassable portion of the root canal of the tooth and to exclude the possibility of current leakage during the procedure through the well-passable portion of the root canal, which improves the quality of dental treatment with partially impassable root canals.

At the same time, the use of this electrode in dental practice revealed its design flaws, which reduce the effectiveness of its use and the quality of dental treatment with partially impassable root canals.

Practice shows that the implementation of a cylindrical metal conductor of a copper core coated with a layer of silver (tin, or zinc) causes insufficient stiffness of the electrode and its active working part. When the active working part of the electrode is inserted into a poorly passable section of the root canal, the electrode-conductor is deformed, bends, which does not allow it to be fixed in the maximum proximity to the impassable section of the root canal of the tooth. This leads to a decrease in the quality and effectiveness of treatment and leads to an increase in the duration of treatment.

A structural drawback due to the low stiffness of the electrode and its active working part is especially negatively manifested in the treatment of teeth with curved root canals. In this case, in some cases, it is practically impossible to introduce an electrode into a poorly passable and curved section of the root canal and thereby effectively treat a diseased tooth.

This utility model solves the technical problem:

- improving the quality and reducing the time of dental treatment with partially impassable, as well as curved root canals;

- increasing the stiffness of the electrode and its active working part, which will allow the dentist to place the active working part of the electrode in the maximum proximity of the impassable section of the root canal;

- direct exposure to electric current through a poorly passable and / or curved section of the root canal on an impassable section of the root canal of the tooth;

- development of a conductor electrode with different diameters of the active working part, which will allow taking into account the physiological and anthropological differences between patients and their teeth when choosing the optimal conductor size and ensuring the effectiveness of treatment for each particular patient.

The solution of the technical problem is achieved as follows.

An in-channel electrode-conductor, similar to the electrode described in RF patent No. 2239463, including a cylindrical metal conductor, a layer of silver, or tin, or zinc, a dielectric layer, while the total diameter of the electrode does not exceed the diameter of the well-traveled portion of the root canal, and the length of the active working part of the electrode is determined by the length of the poorly passable section of the root canal for supplying the active working part directly to the impassable section of the channel, according to the developed technical solution and patented utility model, in order to increase the stiffness of the electrode and its active working part, it is provided that the metal conductor is made of steel or brass and coated along the entire length with a layer of copper, over which are located a layer of silver or tin or zinc, respectively, over the entire length of the electrode, and to the active working part of the electrode is a dielectric layer.

According to the patented utility model:

- the total diameter of the conductor electrode is from 0.06 to 2.0 mm;

- the diameter of the cylindrical metal conductor is from 0.05 to 1.8 mm;

- the thickness of the copper layer on the surface of the metal conductor is from 0.0001 to 0.25 mm;

- the thickness of the silver layer on the surface of the metal conductor is from 0.0001 to 0.25 mm.

- the length of the active working part of the conductor electrode is from 0.1 to 10 mm.

The technical result of the patented utility model is that the developed design of the electrode-conductor allows you to:

- to improve the quality and reduce the time of treatment of teeth with partially impassable and / or curved root canals due to the optimal stiffness of the electrode and its active working part, which provides the dentist with the technological opportunity to best "pass" a badly passable or curved root canal and place the active working part of the electrode in the maximum proximity of the impassable section of the channel;

- to provide an effective effect and conduct dental treatment using apex-phoresis, to achieve a high current density in the immediate vicinity of the impassable portion of the root canal of the tooth.

The essence of the patented utility model is illustrated by the description of the developed conductor electrode and graphic materials on which:

Figure 1 - Cross section of a patentable electrode-conductor;

Figure 2 - Installation diagram for apex-phoresis.

The patented intra-channel electrode-conductor (Fig. 1) contains a cylindrical metal conductor 1, which is made of steel or brass, and is coated along the entire length with a layer of copper 2, over which a layer of silver 3, or tin, or zinc is located along the entire length of the electrode , and to the active working part of the electrode is a dielectric layer 4.

The entire conductor 1 is covered with a dielectric layer 4, with the exception of the working active part of the electrode 6, where the dielectric layer is absent at a certain distance from the end of the conductor and that part of the conductor outside the tooth channel to which the current generator 7 is connected (Fig. 2).

The total diameter of the electrode does not exceed the diameter of the well-traveled portion of the root canal, and the length of the active working part 6 of the electrode is determined by the length of the badly-traveled portion of the root canal for supplying the active working part directly to the impassable part of the canal.

Structurally patentable electrode-conductor has the following dimensions:

- the total diameter of the conductor electrode is from 0.06 to 2.0 mm;

- the diameter of the cylindrical metal conductor 1 of steel or brass is from 0.05 to 1.8 mm;

- the thickness of the layer of copper 2 on the surface of the metal conductor 1 is from 0.0001 to 0.25 mm;

- the thickness of the silver layer 3 on the surface of the metal conductor 1 is from 0.0001 to 0.25 mm

- the length of the active working part 6 of the electrode-conductor 1 is from 0.1 to 10 mm

Implemented in the utility model, the design range of the optimal diameter of the cylindrical metal conductor 5 (Fig. 2), including the conductor 1 made of steel, or brass and copper 2 and silver 3 layers on the surface of the conductor 1, determines the electrode rigidity technologically convenient for the doctor’s work, its physiological inertness and good mobility of the passage of complex and curved root sections of the tooth.

As dielectric 4, silicone, fluorine-plastic, teflon, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyimide, varnishes, enamels, etc. can be used.

Patented electrode-conductor is used for the apex-phoresis procedure as follows.

To conduct a therapeutic operation, a conductor electrode of 10-20 cm in length is used. Before the procedure, the dentist creates an active working part 6 of the electrode by removing a section of a dielectric 4 of length, for example, 1-5 mm. One end of the conductor 5 is connected to a current generator 7 (figure 2), the other end of the conductor 5, which is the active working part 6 of the electrode, is inserted into the tooth channel for the procedure.

The impact is carried out by electric current by introducing an electrode-conductor into a well-passable area of the root canal of the tooth, while the working active part of the electrode 6 is introduced into a badly passable area of the root canal, leading it directly to an impassable area. Due to the significantly improved stiffness characteristics, the electrode-conductor has an increased “patency” of poorly passable or curved root canals of the tooth, which allows the dentist to optimally bring the active working part 6 of the electrode to the area of therapeutic effect.

The therapeutic effect is based on the ability to dissolve during the electrolysis of the components of the electrode 5, consisting of a metal conductor 1, coated with a copper-silver layer 2 and 3 (figure 1).

After machining the root canal through patency and expanding its poorly passable part, the root canal is moistened with an electrolyte solution, for example, an isotonic sodium chloride solution.

An electrode 5 is placed in the root canal, while through the well and poorly passable sections of the root canal, the working active part 6 of the electrode is brought into close contact of the end face of the working part 6 with the impassable part of the root canal.

If necessary, the procedure is carried out in each root canal sequentially.

Patented electrode-conductor, due to the small size of the active part 6 and optimal stiffness, allows to achieve a high current density in the immediate vicinity of the impenetrable section of the root canal of the tooth and to eliminate the possibility of current leakage during the procedure through the well-traveled section of the root canal, which

- improves the quality of dental treatment with partially impassable root canals;

- confirms the high effectiveness of apex phoresis for widespread use in clinical practice as an effective way to sterilize difficult root canals of the teeth.

As a result of an in vitro microbiological study, it was found that the optimal antibacterial effect is achieved with a dose of apex phoresis in the range of 2.5-5 mAhmin. The study of the effect of apex phoresis on the microflora of the root canals of teeth in vivo revealed its high antibacterial activity both in pulpitis and in destructive forms of chronic periodontitis. The data obtained are confirmed by the molecular genetic method for identifying difficult to cultivate virulent anaerobic bacteria.

The tests carried out by the Applicant of the patented conductor electrode confirmed:

- high efficiency of the developed design during apex phoresis;

- the ease of use of the developed electrode in medical practice, the conductor electrode due to its increased rigidity allows the dentist to efficiently and promptly carry out the necessary manipulations for in-channel exposure to direct current in the treatment of various diseases;

- the efficiency and feasibility of producing a real electrode-conductor with different electrode diameters and active working parts, which will allow taking into account the physiological and anthropological differences between patients and the physiological parameters of their teeth when choosing the optimal conductor size and ensuring the effectiveness of patient treatment.

Claims (6)

1. The intra-channel conductor electrode, including a metal conductor, a layer of silver, or tin, or zinc, a dielectric layer, while the total diameter of the electrode does not exceed the diameter of the well-traveled portion of the root canal, and the length of the active working part of the electrode is determined by the length of the badly-traveled portion of the root canal for supplying the active working part directly to the impassable section of the channel, characterized in that the metal conductor is made of steel or brass and coated over the entire length with a layer of copper, on top otorrhea arranged over the entire length of the electrode, respectively, a layer of silver or tin or zinc, to the active working part of the electrode of the dielectric layer. 2. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the total diameter of the conductor electrode is from 0.06 to 2.0 mm. 3. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the cylindrical metal conductor is from 0.05 to 1.8 mm. 4. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the copper layer on the surface of the metal conductor is from 0.0001 to 0.25 mm 5. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the silver layer on the surface of the metal conductor is from 0.0001 to 0.25 mm 6. The conductor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the active working part of the conductor electrode is from 0.1 to 10 mm.