RU104948U1 - NON-KEYBACK FRAME BUILDING (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Bezelless frame building containing an external fence, floor slabs and columns with floor cuts, the connection unit of which includes reinforcing outlets at the end of the lower connected column, threaded and passed through holes in the embedded parts of the floor slab, and a support flange at the end of the upper connected columns made with holes, behind which there are niches for accommodating the ends of the reinforcing outlets passed through these openings and their fastening elements, moreover, on the reinforcing outlets d slab installed alignment nuts, on which the flange of the upper column is supported, characterized in that the reinforcing outlets pre-alignment nut installed additional quotation nut, with each slab made at the corners with cutouts to accommodate embedded parts and installed between four columns with the possibility passes through the holes of embedded parts of the reinforcing outlets of the corresponding columns, mating with the corners of the plate, and with the possibility of relying on additional quotation threaded nuts of these rebar releases. ! 2. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that the embedded part of the floor slab is made in the form of a plate with a hole. ! 3. Bezelless frame building containing an external fence, floor slabs and columns with floor cuts, the connection unit of which includes reinforcing outlets at the end of the lower connected column, made with a thread on which the alignment nut is installed, and a supporting flange at the end of the upper connected column, made with holes for which niches are located

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to the field of civil engineering, namely to prefabricated structures of multi-storey residential and public buildings with beam-free ceilings.

State of the art

A known construction of a building containing floor-cut columns and floor slabs supported on them (see patent for invention SU No. 885476, IPC: Е04В 1/38, publ. 30.11.81). The building belongs to beam-free (beamless) structures, the main advantage of which is the absence of parts of beams protruding inside the premises, which facilitates the further decoration and layout of the premises. The floor slabs are mounted with the support on the corners of four adjacent columns, while the reinforcement outlets located in the corner cutouts of the plates are combined with the embedded plates located on the end of the lower column and connected to them by welding. Plates supported on one column are additionally interconnected by prestressed fittings, the connection is monolithic.

The disadvantages of the known design include the difficulty of obtaining a strictly horizontal overlap, which is due to the lack of mechanisms for regulating the position of the plates during installation, the rigidity of the joints and the accumulation of errors in the installation of columns from floor to floor, and as a result, the receipt of internal premises of irregular shape, which complicates their subsequent decoration.

A building is known that contains an overlap and prefabricated columns, the connection unit of which includes end sections of the upper and lower abutting columns installed on the same vertical axis with a gap in height, on the ends of which embedded parts are mounted in the form of steel sheets with holes in the corners, behind which in concrete niches are formed in the body of the column, providing the possibility of fixing connecting fittings made in the form of studs, passed through the overlap and holes in steel sheets and fixed at each end by a pair nuts (see patent for invention RU No. 2244787, IPC: EV 1/38, published on January 20, 2005). The bolted connection of the columns provides the ability to control the vertical position of the column, and the horizontalness of the overlap is provided when forming a monolithic section of the overlap between the ends of the columns, the so-called monolithic crossbar.

The disadvantages of this solution include a large number of monolithic, i.e. "Raw" work, which increases the dependence of construction on weather conditions, leads to long downtimes, due to the time of concrete strength gain, requires the use of special supporting equipment and additional equipment for supplying the mortar to a height.

As the closest analogue to the proposed solution, a prefabricated non-beam building was adopted (see patent for invention RU No. 2333323, IPC: Е04В 1/38, Е04В 1/20, publ. 09/10/2008), containing floor slabs supported on reinforced concrete columns with floor cuts, the connection unit of which includes reinforcing outlets at the end of the lower connected column, threaded and passed through holes in the embedded parts of the popliteal floor slab, and a supporting flange at the end of the upper connected column, made with holes, for which niches are formed in the body of the column to accommodate the ends of the lower columns and the elements of their fastening passed through the mentioned openings of the reinforcing outlets of the lower column. An adjustment nut is installed above the floor slab on each reinforcement outlet, on which the flange of the upper column is supported. The presence of nuts allows for the regulation of the position of the upper column. The known solution relates to the so-called “KUB” system, which involves the formation of interfloor overlapping from the aforementioned bearing columns, in which embedded parts with holes for passing through the connecting fittings of the columns are located in the center of the plate, and intercolumn plates installed between them. Lateral outlets of plate reinforcement are connected and monolithic. The disadvantages of the mentioned solutions include the complexity and high complexity of the installation of the floor, the need for additional supporting equipment, increased metal consumption of the joints, the difficulty of installing all floor slabs at the same level, as well as the possibility of deviation of the popliteal plate from the horizontal position, due to its central fixing, which leads to the problems of the formation of a flat floor. The connection of the elements of the external wall of the building with the supporting frame can be carried out in any known manner, because there is no information about it in the patent description materials.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the claimed utility model is to solve the problem of forming an even, horizontal ceiling and obtaining premises of the correct shape while simplifying the process of building installation.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in a bezelless frame building containing an external fence, floor slabs and columns with floor cuts, the connection unit of which includes reinforcing outlets at the end of the lower connected column, threaded and passed through holes in the embedded parts of the floor slab, and a supporting flange at the end of the upper connected column, made with holes, behind which there are niches for accommodating the ends of the reinforced outlets passed through these holes and their elements fastening, and on the reinforcing outlets above the floor slab installed quotation nuts, on which the flange of the upper column is supported, according to the claimed utility model, on the reinforcing outlets of the pre-adjusting nut an additional adjusting nut is installed, with each slab being made at the corners with cutouts for accommodating embedded parts and installed between four columns with the possibility of passing through the holes of embedded parts of the reinforcing outlets of the respective columns mating with the corners and slabs, and with the possibility of relying on additional quotation nuts of these reinforcing releases.

According to another embodiment, in a bezelless frame building containing an external fence, floor slabs and columns with floor cuts, the connection unit of which includes reinforcing outlets at the end of the lower connected column, made with a thread on which the adjustment nut is installed, and a supporting flange at the end of the upper connected columns made with holes, behind which there are niches for accommodating the ends of the reinforcing outlets and elements of their fastening passed through these holes, and installed with support on tirovochnye nuts. An additional adjusting nut is installed on the reinforcing outlets of the pre-adjusting nut, while the external guard includes structural elements hung on the reinforcing outlets of the columns of the outer row by means of embedded parts with a hole made with the possibility of passing through the openings of the reinforcing outlets of the corresponding columns and with the possibility of support on additional quotation nuts of the latter.

In both versions of the claimed technical solution, the connecting fittings of the columns, providing the connection between sections of floor height, are used to secure other structural elements that are joined to the columns, in fact, the latter are simply hung on the reinforcing outlets of the columns and are mounted with support on an additional adjustment nut of the outlet, which provides the ability to control the position of the element supported on it. Regulation of the position of the mounted column is carried out by means of another - an adjusting nut, with support on which the upper connected column is installed. Thus, the proposed node connecting the elements of the building provides the ability to control the position of all connected elements in it. Moreover, simple screw mechanisms are used as control mechanisms.

The names “quotation” and “additional quotation” nuts are conventionally adopted to understand the essence of the decision. Essentially, these are the same nuts used to align building structure elements.

The proposed technical solution for the connection node with the columns of the frame can be applied both to floor slabs that perform the functions of the horizontal supporting elements of the frame, and to elements of the external wall fencing: wall panels, strapping beams, balcony plates, which allows you to quickly build not only the supporting frame, but and the whole building. Installation is dry. All bolted joints are quickly mounted, the building is assembled as a designer, while high build quality and manufacturability are ensured.

The ability to adjust the position of the floor slabs allows you to compensate for errors in the manufacture and installation of load-bearing columns and to ensure the formation of a flat and horizontal floor. The accuracy of the installation of vertical and horizontal load-bearing frame elements ensures the accuracy of the installation of internal partitions and the formation of premises of the correct form, which facilitates their further decoration. This also contributes to the possibility of regulating the position of the elements of the outer wall fencing.

The connection unit is characterized by a minimum set of connecting elements, which will significantly reduce the number of installation work carried out at the construction site, increase the manufacturability of the building assembly. All elements of the connection structures are located in the space between the upper and lower connected columns. After installation, the assembly is monolithic, which makes it possible to obtain a frame-link frame. The monolithic concrete provides fixation of the exposed position of the adjusting nuts and, therefore, the connected structural elements, however, additional fixation can be used if necessary, for example by means of fixing nuts (see example below).

The possibility of regulating the connected structural elements is ensured not only by the presence of an additional adjustment nut on the column outlet, but also by the design of the embedded part and its placement. So, embedded parts are mounted at the ends or corners of the mounted reinforced concrete element of the building structure. The simplest and most technologically advanced is the implementation of embedded parts in the form of a plate with a hole anchored in the concrete body of a building element: plates, beams, panels. The plate is positioned so that the axis of the hole has a vertical or close position.

Placing embedded parts in concrete cuts (recesses) formed at the corners of the slab allowed us to implement a scheme of angular support of floor slabs on columns, which ensured ease of installation and ease of performing subsequent operations for leveling and monopolizing, and also eliminated the need for any supporting equipment .

Floor slabs are simply worn on the reinforcing outlets of the columns, receiving support in four corners at once. This installation of floor slabs, in conjunction with the design of the connection unit with the column, eliminated the need for connecting the plates to each other, which takes place in the prototype solution, thereby significantly reducing the metal consumption of the structure, reducing the number of installation works, and increasing construction productivity.

Unlike floor slabs, elements of an external wall enclosure are hung on two columns of the outer row. Embedded parts are preferably placed at the ends or in areas adjacent to them, and for wall panels in the upper corner zones.

It is also preferable to make angular cutouts at the ends of the above-mentioned elements to accommodate embedded parts, which will make it possible to partially bring the structural element of the external wall fence into the target between the columns, thereby increasing the thermal characteristics of the building.

Thus, both variants of the claimed utility model allow to obtain the same positive technical results, namely: to simplify installation work, to provide the ability to control the position of all connected elements of the node, due to which to achieve the formation of a smooth overlap and the correct connection angles of vertical and horizontal building elements design, eliminate cumulative error, provide higher accuracy of the construction of the building.

All embedded parts, as well as connecting elements of building structures: columns, plates, beams, are installed in the factory during the manufacturing process of the latter, which increases the integrity of the structure, reduces the complexity of installation in the conditions of the construction site.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 - schematically shows a fragment of a prefabricated multi-story building for civilian purposes, a plan view;

figure 2 is a fragment of figure 1;

figure 3 - shows the slab, isometry;

figure 4 - section aa of figure 1, shows the node connecting columns with slabs;

figure 5 - illustrates the installation process of the node connecting columns with slabs, isometry;

Fig.6 is a section bB of Fig.1, shows the connection node of the extreme columns with the wall panel and floor slab;

Fig.7 - shows the connection of the strapping beam with columns;

on Fig - also, view C from Fig 7.

Utility Model Implementation

The frame building contains (see Fig. 1-2) an external wall fence 1, slabs 2 of floor floors and reinforced concrete columns with floor cuts. The connection node of the upper 3 and lower 4 of the mating columns includes reinforcing outlets 5 at the end of the lower column 4, made with screw threads, and a supporting flange 6 with bolt holes 7 and above the flange niches 8. Each overlap plate 2 is made (see Fig. 3) at the corners with rectangular cutouts, or otherwise - the recesses of concrete 9, in each of which a embedded part is installed in the form of a plate 10 with a hole 11.

In the simplest case, the support flange 6 is a steel sheet in the form of a cross section of the column 3, made with holes in the corner zones, behind which niches are formed in the concrete body of the column 8. In another case, the support flange 6 can be made in the form of a embedded part such as a steel shoe anchored in the body of the column, in which holes 7 and niches 8 are formed (see FIG. 4). In columns with a large cross-sectional area, it is preferable to provide a support flange in the form of a set of embedded parts mounted at the corners of the column.

The division of the columns into “upper” and “lower” is conditional, because when installing the ceiling of the next floor, the upper column 3 will perform the functions of the lower column 4. Thus, each column (and 3 and 4) is one floor high and has reinforcing outlets 5 at its upper end and a supporting flange 6. At the lower end they come from the factory in full readiness, on reinforcing outlets 5 are already installed (bottom to top to the end of the outlet): additional adjustment nut 12, fixing nut 13, adjustment nut 14 and fixing nut 15.

Full factory readiness ensures high productivity of assembly work at the construction site and guarantees the correspondence of bolt connection elements to each other and the quality of their interaction. Installation of the building is as follows.

Columns 4 of the lower row are installed on the foundation of the building (not shown in the drawings) according to the design grid. A reinforcing outlet 5 protruding above the upper end of the column 4, on which the nut 12 is mounted, is fitted with an overlap plate 2, allowing the reinforcing bar 5 to pass through the hole 11 of the plate 10, and installation is carried out simultaneously on four adjacent columns.

Adjust the position of the adjusting nuts 12, ensuring the horizontal position of the plate 2 and its location on the same level with adjacent slabs. Fix the exposed position of the plate 2 with the nut 13 (see figure 4).

To ensure the collectability of the structure, the diameter of the hole 11 of the plate is larger than the diameter of the reinforcing outlet 5 of the column, which allows you to install the plate on the column and align it in plan, so the quotation nuts 12 and 14 are usually paired with a washer that provides an increase in the supporting surface.

To facilitate the alignment of the plates can be applied in the form of a support plate 16 with holes corresponding to the position of the reinforcing outlets 5 of the column. The plate 16, pre-installing the plates, is worn on the outlets 5 of the reinforcement until it is supported on the nuts 12, by means of which it is installed in accordance with the level. After which the plate 16 can be removed, however, it is preferable to leave it and install the plates 2 on it. The presence of such a plate helps to balance the load and increases the strength of the connection.

After installing all four floor slabs, mating with the lower column 4, the upper column 3 is installed (see Fig. 5), passing the valve releases 5 through the corresponding holes 7 of the flange 6 until they support the quotation nuts 14, while the ends of the valve releases 5 are placed in the niches 8. The alignment of the position of the column 3 in terms of height and deviation from the vertical is carried out by rotation of the quotation nuts 14. The position of the column is fixed with the tightening nuts 15, put on the ends of the reinforcement outlets 5. The assembled units are monolized. All connection elements are hidden inside the precast column. The monolithic unit makes the frame frame-connected and provides the ability to immediately continue the installation of overlying structures.

Installation of plates is carried out using conventional lifting equipment. To date, it has been possible to achieve a maximum column grid size of 3.2 × 5.6 m, which is due to existing restrictions on the weight of the slab - 6 tons (for the installation of slabs with a large weight, special equipment is required). The step of the columns can be increased, for example, by improving the technology of manufacturing plates.

The connection of wall panels with columns is carried out in a similar way. A three-layer wall panel 17 with an inner layer placed in the alignment between adjacent columns and a middle layer of insulation 18 adjacent to the outer edges of the columns is hung (see Fig. 6) on the reinforcement outlets 5 of two columns 4 of the extreme row at once. To do this, embedded parts 19 are mounted on the side ends of the inner layer of the panel, through which the reinforcing outlets 5 are passed through the hole, while the part 19 is supported by the quotation nut 12. By rotating the nut 12, the wall panel 17 is precisely installed in level. The blind joint of the outer panels provides stable thermal protection of the building.

The embedded part 19 is a plate with a hole, reinforced with a vertical element to increase the contact area of the plate with monolithic concrete.

On the other three reinforcing outlets of the column 4 similarly produce hanging another wall panel and two slabs 2 floors. Then install and fix the upper column 3, as described above.

In the case of the execution of wall fencing in the form of floor-supported walls, for example of brickwork, in the same way, fixing on the extreme columns of the strapping beams 20 (see Fig. 7). The strapping beams, which are both the supporting horizontal element and part of the wall fencing, are installed in the alignment between the columns, while their supporting shelf for wall masonry extends beyond the outer edges of the columns. The element connecting the beam 20 to the column is a plate 21 with a hole for hanging on the reinforcement outlet 5 of the column, rigidly fixed at the end of this beam parallel to its supporting surface. Three other reinforcing column outlet are used to secure another strapping beam 20 and two floor slabs 2.

The balcony slab 22 differs from the slab 2 by the presence of only two corner cutouts with embedded parts (see figure 1). The connection of the balcony slab 22 with the columns of the extreme row is similar to the connection with the column of the slab (figure 4).

The examples given illustrate the essence of the claimed utility model, but do not exhaust all the possibilities of its specific implementation.

The building, made in accordance with the claimed utility model, is characterized by low labor intensity and a short construction period (up to 2 months), which ensures low construction costs.

Claims (10)

1. Bezelless frame building containing an external fence, floor slabs and columns with floor cuts, the connection unit of which includes reinforcing outlets at the end of the lower connected column, threaded and passed through holes in the embedded parts of the floor slab, and a support flange at the end of the upper connected columns made with holes, behind which there are niches for accommodating the ends of the reinforcing outlets passed through these openings and their fastening elements, moreover, on the reinforcing outlets d slab installed alignment nuts, on which the flange of the upper column is supported, characterized in that the reinforcing outlets pre-alignment nut installed additional quotation nut, with each slab made at the corners with cutouts to accommodate embedded parts and installed between four columns with the possibility passes through the holes of embedded parts of the reinforcing outlets of the corresponding columns, mating with the corners of the plate, and with the possibility of relying on additional quotation threaded nuts of these rebar releases. 2. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that the embedded part of the floor slab is made in the form of a plate with a hole. 3. Bezelless frame building containing an external fence, floor slabs and columns with floor cuts, the connection unit of which includes reinforcing outlets at the end of the lower connected column, made with a thread on which the alignment nut is installed, and a supporting flange at the end of the upper connected column, made with openings behind which there are niches for accommodating the ends of the reinforcing outlets passed through these openings and their fastening elements, and installed with support on quotation nuts, distinguishing this is due to the fact that an additional adjustment nut is installed on the reinforcing outlets of the pre-adjusting nut, while the external guard includes structural elements that are hung on the reinforcing outlets of the columns of the outer row by means of embedded parts with a hole made with the possibility of passing through the holes of the reinforcing outlets of the corresponding columns and with the possibility of support on additional adjusting nuts of the latter. 4. The building according to claim 3, characterized in that the structural element of the external fence is made in the form of a wall panel. 5. The building according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall panel is made in the form of a three-layer wall panel with an inner layer placed in the alignment between the columns with the middle layer of insulation adjacent to the outer edges of the columns, while embedded parts are fixed in the side faces of the inner layer of the panel . 6. The building according to claim 3, characterized in that the structural element of the external fence is made in the form of a strapping beam. 7. The building according to claim 6, characterized in that the strapping beam is made at the ends with corner cutouts to accommodate embedded parts. 8. The building according to claim 3, characterized in that the structural element of the external fence is made in the form of a balcony slab with two corner cutouts for accommodating embedded parts. 9. The building according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the embedded part is made in the form of a plate with a hole mounted with a vertical axis of the hole. 10. The building according to claim 9, characterized in that the embedded plate is reinforced with a vertical strength element.