RU104371U1 - MOUNTING CABLE, PREVIOUSLY EXPLOSION AND FIRE SAFETY, INCLUDING FOR EXTREMELY SAFE CHAINS (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these conductors pre-twisted into pairs or a triple or a four, a filler and a moisture barrier, characterized in that the filler is superimposed on top of the core to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable. ! 2. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that when the number of the named cores or groups in the core is more than one, the cores or groups are twisted together into a core. ! 3. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the said insulation of the conductive conductors is made by extrusion of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of from 20 to 25 or special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer compositions with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of not m Less than 29, or a cross-linked polyethylene composition, or an insulating cable rubber, or silicone rubber, including ceramizing under flame conditions. ! 4. A cable according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in addition to the above-mentioned conductive wires, at least one mica tape is applied by winding in a spiral with overlapping mica layer inward. ! 5. Cable according to any one of claims 1 or 2, excellent

Description

The utility model relates to cable technology, namely: to the designs of multi-conductor installation cables intended for fixed inter-instrument installation of electrical devices of industrial enterprises, including in explosion hazard zones of all classes using various explosion protection methods, including “intrinsically safe electrical circuit i” according to GOST R 51330.10-99, GOST R 51330.13-99, GOST R 52350.11-2005, GOST R 52350.14-2005, GOST R IEC 60079.14-2008.

Known mounting cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, according to utility model RU No. 91464, MPK-Н01В 7/04. The cable contains a core twisted from multiwire conductive measured or copper tinned veins, with concentric dielectric insulation, single or pre-twisted into groups - pairs or triples, or quadruples, equipped, respectively, with individual or group screens, each having, respectively, an individual or group waist insulation made of dielectric tapes with overlapping or in the form of an extruded concentric continuous layer, a filler and a moisture barrier. Distinctive features of such cables are the application of filler on top of the core to ensure round cross-sectional shape and the choice of individual or group belt insulation thickness so that it can withstand testing with an alternating voltage of 50 Hz at least 500 V applied between any individual or group screens.

The described cable is mainly used in intrinsically safe circuits, for which, in the presence of shields, the organization of grounding circuits according to individual, group and common shields according to Clause 12.2.2.3 of GOST R 51330.13-99 “Explosion-Proof Electrical Equipment” is mandatory. Part 14. Electrical installations in hazardous areas (except underground workings) ”, clause 12.2.2.3 GOST R IEC 60079-14-2008“ Explosive atmospheres. Part 14. Design, selection and installation of electrical installations. " Until 2010, the type of protection "intrinsically safe electrical circuit i" was considered the only acceptable for explosive zones of class "0" and was widely used in explosive zones of classes "1" and "2" (Appendix 1, 1.1 GOST R IEC 60079-14-2008 )

But, since 2010, the use of other types of explosion protection has been expanded (Section 5.4.1 of Table 2 of GOST R IEC 60079-14-2008), among which the types of explosion protection “sealing with compound m” and “flameproof enclosures d” are widespread. For cables used in these types of protection, the requirement for individual and group screens is rarely applied, the bulk of the cables either do not have screens at all, or have only a common screen. In accordance with section 9.4. GOST R IEC 60079-14-2008, cables in pipes must be laid with pipe sealing devices (rings) at the points of entry and exit from hazardous areas to prevent the penetration or leakage of gases or liquids from the hazardous area to the non-hazardous area. And in order for the sealing in these places to be optimal, the cable must have a round cylindrical shape.

The same laying method is also possible for separating a room (non-explosive), in which, among other things, there may be a sharp unpleasant odor from neighboring rooms.

We choose the cable design according to the utility model RU No. 91464, MPK-Н01В 7/04 as a prototype.

The essence of the proposed utility model is to create a mounting cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, having a round cylindrical shape to ensure optimal sealing at the inlet and outlet of the hazardous area using sealing rings in the cable entries.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core consisting of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these veins, previously twisted in a couple or three, or four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath. The cable is characterized in that the filler is laid on top of the core to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable. The reason is that when extruded by a relatively thin layer of the shell, the core relief appears on the surface of the shell. The relief can be reduced by applying a thicker layer of the sheath, but the cable stiffness sharply increases and the cold resistance worsens (the lower limit of the cable’s working temperature rises), since thick polymer layers are more susceptible to cracking under bends and lower ambient temperatures. The use of core windings with belt insulation or screen tapes changes the shape of the surface, but does not lead to a round cylindrical shape of the cable (inhomogeneities arise in the form of sharp corners and flat faces). The use of an intermediate layer in the form of a filler made of a very plastic polymer, which is usually homogeneous with insulation materials and a moisture-proof sheath, but filled with additives softening the structure, allows to achieve the desired result. When applied by extrusion under pressure, the polymer aggregate flows into the recesses on the core surface, and its outer surface retains the rounded shape of the technological tool (matrix). The moisture-proof sheath applied on top of the filler also gives the cable surface a round cylindrical shape, while the filler practically does not affect the stiffness and cold resistance of the cable, and the cable is cylindrical in shape, with an almost perfectly round cross section.

This utility model is complex, depending on the adaptability of the cable to operating conditions. Therefore, the formula of the utility model is composed in the form of options.

To ensure compactness of the core with the number of cores or groups of more than one, it is advisable to twist them together into a core.

As a rule, the materials of insulation, aggregate and moisture-proof sheath are chosen the same, being guided, first of all, by fire safety requirements.

Under the condition of a single cable installation, a traditional PVC compound with an oxygen index in the range of 20 to 25 is selected.

Under the condition of group cable laying (bundle), a special PVC compound with an oxygen index of at least 30 is chosen (for a filler in accordance with the peculiarities of its chemical composition due to the large amount of filler, at least 28 is allowed).

With the introduction of GOST R 53315-2009 “Cable products. Fire safety requirements. Test methods ”for cables laid in a bundle within the production, residential and administrative premises began to impose requirements for reduced smoke and gas emission. For the general group of cables laid outside the production, domestic and administrative premises, the “ng” index was assigned, for the group of cables with reduced smoke and gas emission - the “ng-LS” index. According to GOST R 53315-2009, smoke production of cable products with the ng-LS index when tested according to GOST R IEC 61034-2 should not lead to a decrease in light transmission by more than 50%.

When laying cables in rooms equipped with computer and microprocessor technology, an additional requirement is made for the emission of corrosive gases and halogen acids in the process of burning and / or smoldering in terms of HCl no more than 5.0 mg / g. For such cables, a halogen-free polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 35 is chosen.

General fire safety indicators taking into account the requirements of GOST R 53315-2009 are presented in table 1.

Table 1. Name of material Oxygen Index,%, not less than Decrease in light transmission during smoke formation,%, no more Mass fraction of НСl released during combustion%, no more Conventional PVC compound 20-25 80 40 Special PVC Compound thirty 80 40 Special PVC with low smoke and gas emission thirty fifty fifteen Halogen free polymer composition 35 25 0.5

For insulation, filler, moisture-proof sheath of cables used for mobile installation (for example: portable lamps, power tools, welding machines) choose cable rubber.

In this case, the oxygen index is required no higher than 25.

For cable laying conditions with increased flexibility, a polyolefin or polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29 is chosen. In this case, the polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer is cheaper than polyurethane, but the polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer withstands up to 1 million bends at a temperature of minus 30 ° С.

For the conditions of laying cables with the requirement of increased flexibility and the additional requirement of increased oil and gas resistance, insulation, filler and a moisture-proof sheath made of silicone rubber are chosen. Upon presentation of an additional fire resistance requirement, a ceramicizable silicone rubber is selected.

In the case of ensuring the transmission of high-frequency signals to groups (pairs), in order to reduce the attenuation coefficient, it is advisable to insulate with cross-linked polyethylene that is approved for use in hazardous areas by the technical circular of the Association “Roselectromontage” No. 14/2006 of October 16, 2006 “On the use of cables of cross-linked polyethylene in cable structures, including in hazardous areas ”, approved by the Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision (Rostekhnadzor). In this case, the extruded belt insulation, filler, moisture-proof sheath are made of other materials that meet other requirements. For example: increased fire safety requirements.

If the requirements for fire resistance are presented to the cables, it is advisable to additionally lay on top of the conductive wires at least one mica tape with a spiral winding with overlapping, to form the main fire-resistant barrier.

It is also advisable to lay on top of the core an additional belt insulation of at least one mica tape by spiral winding with the mica layer inside, to form a fire-resistant bandage that preserves the cable structure under conditions of prolonged exposure to an open flame with a temperature of at least 750 ° C for 45-180 min in accordance with the requirements of GOST R IEC 60331-11-2003, GOST R 53315-2009.

Moreover, in both cases, the mica tape is usually a layered composition of mica paper and electrical insulating fiberglass, impregnated and glued together with an organosilicon binder.

To ensure the identification of isolated conductive cores in groups and the core, as well as groups among themselves, it is advisable to introduce an individual isolation coloring, which allows to unambiguously identify each core within the group and in the core, as well as groups among themselves.

Based on the requirement of noise immunity, it is advisable to establish coordinated steps for adjacent groups (unequal and non-multiple) when twisting, as well as to limit the pitch of twisting the wires in groups as follows: in a group of two wires (in a pair) - no more than 0.1 m, out of three - no more than 0.15 m; from four veins - no more than 0.2 m.

In order to prevent possible melting of the insulation of conductive conductors when filler is applied to the core by extrusion, it is advisable to apply at least one polymer tape with overlap on each group.

It is advisable to apply belt insulation from dielectric tapes on top of the core, and to perform the function of bonding the core and the thermal barrier, which protects the insulation of conductive veins from melting when the filler is applied, the belt insulation must be made of polyethylene terephthalate or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene or polyamide tape superimposed with overlap in the form of a winding in a spiral or longitudinally.

In order to protect against electromagnetic effects, it is advisable to run a cable with at least one screen. At the same time, to protect against internal electromagnetic influences and to organize grounding circuits according to screens, it is advisable to make screens individual, superimposed on a separate conductive core or group, superimposed on a separate group. To protect against external electromagnetic influences, it is advisable to perform a common screen superimposed on the core.

To protect against electromagnetic effects in the low frequency range, it is advisable to make a screen in the form of a braid or winding from tinned copper or copper wires.

To protect against electromagnetic effects in the high frequency range, it is advisable to fabricate the screen from at least one metal-polymer tape imposed by the metal inside with a spiral winding overlapping or longitudinally with the screen wire laid under the screen.

To protect against electromagnetic effects in a wide range of frequencies, it is advisable to make a screen in the form of a braid or winding from tinned copper or copper tinned wires, additionally laying under the braid or winding with metal upwards overlapping the metal-polymer tape longitudinally or by winding in a spiral.

Advantageously for intrinsically safe cables, it is advisable to extrude a polymer sheath or belt insulation onto each individual or group screen in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, and the thickness of the polymer sheath and zone insulation according to individual and group screens should be selected so that it withstands the voltage test not less than 500 V AC with a frequency of 50 Hz applied between any individual or group or common screens, which corresponds to the requirements of Clause 12.2.2.1 of GOST R 51330.13-99 and Clause 12.2.2.1 of GOST R IEC 60079-14-2008.

The material for the extruded polymer shell, according to individual and group screens, as a rule, is chosen from the same considerations as the material for insulation, aggregate and moisture barrier.

In cables intended for explosion protection of the type “flameproof enclosure d”, it is advisable to partially seal the above groups and the core by introducing filler into the air cavities in order to significantly reduce the spread of explosive gases and liquids along the cable core.

In the absence of significant crushing forces on the cable during operation (for example: for cables suspended along the walls of buildings and fences) in order to reduce the weight of the cable and save materials, it is advisable to make foam filler.

For the purpose of identification during operation, it is advisable to paint the cable sheath for intrinsically safe circuits in blue.

In the range of negative temperatures there is a critical temperature at which the properties of ordinary materials change dramatically. This usually occurs at a temperature of minus 60 ° C. In order for the dielectric material not to crack at low temperatures, special additives are introduced into it.

The second option is as follows. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these wires previously twisted into a pair or three, or four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath. The cable is characterized in that the filler is laid on top of the core to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable, and cold-resistant materials with a brittle temperature not exceeding minus 60 ° C obtained from traditional materials with the use of special additives were used for insulation and a moisture-proof sheath.

As well as for the first option, it is typical for the second option that in order to ensure the compactness of the core with the number of cores or groups more than one, it is advisable to twist them together into the core, for the choice of insulation materials, filler and moisture barrier they are guided by the fire safety requirements in accordance with table 1 and the requirements of flexibility and oil and oil resistance, to ensure fire resistance, it is advisable to additionally apply at least one mica winding to the conductive core and core itovoy tape for identification of insulated conductors used in the cable insulation of individual coloring, to provide noise immunity requirements set when twisting coordinated steps at adjacent groups (unequal and non-multiple), as well as limit the twisting steps lived group. In order to prevent possible melting of the insulation, apply belt insulation of polyethylene terephthalate or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene or polyamide tape to each group and / or over the core, overlapped in the form of a winding in a spiral or longitudinally. To protect against electromagnetic influences and organize grounding circuits on the screens, it is advisable to run a cable with at least one screen, individual - superimposed on a separate core, group - superimposed on a separate group, common - superimposed on the core, to protect against electromagnetic effects in the low frequency range - made in the form of a braid or winding from tinned copper or copper wires, in the high frequency range - from not less than one metal tape imposed by the metal inward with overlapping spiral winding and or longitudinally with screen wire laid under the screen, in a wide frequency range - in the form of a braid or winding made from tinned copper or copper tinned wires with an additionally laid under the braid or winding metal upward with longitudinal overlapping by a metal-polymer tape or spiral winding, mainly for intrinsically safe circuits - superimposed on individual or group screens of an extruded polymer shell or belt insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, with a thickness selected from conditions for ensuring that the test with a voltage of 500 V AC with a frequency of 50 Hz is maintained: applied between any individual or group or common screens, with additional partial longitudinal sealing for explosion-proof cables of the type “flameproof enclosure d”, with the additional possibility of making a filler foamed, with a blue shell colors for identification purposes for intrinsically safe cables.

In the range of positive temperatures there is also a critical temperature at which the properties of ordinary materials change dramatically. For a number of widely used polymeric materials, this temperature is plus 80 ° C. At the same time, there are emergency conditions in which the cable must remain operational for some time at elevated temperatures (for example: plus 100 ° C). In order for the cables to meet this requirement, special additives are introduced into the polymers. At the same time, polyolefin and polyurethane thermoplastic withstand temperatures plus 125-150 ° C in the normal version, and silicone rubber - plus (180-200) ° C in the standard version.

The third option is as follows. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these wires previously twisted into a pair or three, or four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath. The cable is characterized in that the filler is laid on top of the core to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable, and heat-resistant materials with a melting point of at least 105 ° C, obtained from traditional materials with the use of special additives, are used for insulation and a moisture-proof sheath.

As well as for the first option, the third option is characterized by the fact that in order to ensure the compactness of the core with the number of cores or groups more than one, it is advisable to twist them together into the core, for the choice of insulation materials, filler and moisture barrier they are guided by the fire safety requirements in accordance with table 1 and the requirements of flexibility and oil and gas resistance, to ensure fire resistance, it is advisable to additionally apply at least one mica winding to the conductive core and core itovoy tape for identification of insulated conductors used in the cable insulation of individual coloring, to provide noise immunity requirements set when twisting coordinated steps at adjacent groups (unequal and non-multiple), as well as limit the twisting steps lived group. In order to prevent possible melting of the insulation, put on each group and / or over the core a belt insulation of polyethylene terephthalate or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene, or polyamide tape, overlapped in the form of a coil in a spiral or longitudinal manner. To protect against electromagnetic influences and organize grounding circuits on the screens, it is advisable to run a cable with at least one screen, individual - superimposed on a separate core, group - superimposed on a separate group, common - superimposed on the core, to protect against electromagnetic effects in the low frequency range - made in the form of a braid or winding from tinned copper or copper wires, in the high frequency range - from not less than one metal tape applied by the metal inward with overlapping spiral winding and or longitudinally with screen wire laid under the screen, in a wide frequency range - in the form of a braid or winding made from tinned copper or copper tinned wires with an additionally laid under the braid or winding metal upward with longitudinal overlapping by a metal-polymer tape or spiral winding, mainly for intrinsically safe circuits - superimposed on individual or group screens of an extruded polymer shell or belt insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, with a thickness selected from conditions for ensuring that the test with a voltage of 500 V AC with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied, applied between any individual or group or common screens, with additional partial longitudinal sealing for explosion-proof cables of the type “flameproof enclosure d”, with the additional possibility of making a filler foamed, with a blue shell colors for identification purposes for intrinsically safe cables.

The fourth option is as follows. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these wires previously twisted into a pair or three, or four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath. The cable is characterized in that the filler is superimposed on top of the core in order to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable, and armor is placed under the moisture-proof sheath.

The reason for introducing this option is as follows. According to the PUE (Electrical Installation Rules (PUE), sixth edition, St. Petersburg, DEAN Publishing House, 2004), unarmoured cables are predominantly laid in pipes, armored cables are laid openly. However, when crossing the wall separating the non-explosive zone from the explosive one, a piece of pipe is inserted into the wall through which the armored cable passes. And everything that relates to the inlet and outlet seals in the pipe, in which the unarmored cable is laid, applies to the installation of the seals in the pipe at the junction of the armored cable and, accordingly, the requirement for a round cylindrical shape is also presented to the armored cable.

As well as for the first option, the fourth option is characterized by the fact that in order to ensure the compactness of the core with the number of cores or groups more than one, it is advisable to twist them together into the core, for the choice of insulation materials, filler and moisture barrier they are guided by fire safety requirements in accordance with table 1 and the requirements of flexibility and oil and gas resistance, to ensure fire resistance, it is advisable to additionally apply a winding of at least one mica to the conductive core and core initovoy tape for identification of insulated conductors used in the cable insulation of individual coloring, to provide noise immunity requirements set when twisting coordinated steps at adjacent groups (unequal and non-multiple), as well as limit the twisting steps lived group. In order to prevent possible melting of the insulation, apply belt insulation of polyethylene terephthalate or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene or polyamide tape to each group and / or over the core, overlapped in the form of a winding in a spiral or longitudinally. To protect against electromagnetic influences and organize grounding circuits on the screens, it is advisable to run a cable with at least one screen, individual - superimposed on a separate core, group - superimposed on a separate group, common - superimposed on the core, to protect against electromagnetic effects in the low frequency range - made in the form of a braid or winding from tinned copper or copper wires, in the high frequency range - from not less than one metal tape imposed by the metal inward with overlapping spiral winding and or longitudinally with screen wire laid under the screen, in a wide frequency range - in the form of a braid or winding made from tinned copper or copper tinned wires with an additionally laid under the braid or winding metal upward with longitudinal overlapping by a metal-polymer tape or spiral winding, mainly for intrinsically safe circuits - superimposed on individual or group screens of an extruded polymer shell or belt insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, with a thickness selected from conditions for ensuring that the test with a voltage of 500 V AC with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied, applied between any individual or group or common screens, with additional partial longitudinal sealing for explosion-proof cables of the type “flameproof enclosure d”, with the additional possibility of making a filler foamed, with a blue shell colors for identification purposes for intrinsically safe cables.

When using cables under the influence of radial (crushing) forces, it is advisable to apply armor from steel wires under a moisture protective sheath by winding in a spiral or in the form of a braid.

When using cables under the influence of longitudinal (tensile) forces, it is advisable to apply armor from steel tapes under a moisture protective sheath by winding in a spiral or longitudinally from a pre-corrugated steel tape laminated with polymer.

In order to prevent the longitudinal distribution of water under the armor in case of violation of the integrity of the moisture barrier during operation in a humid environment, it is advisable to additionally lay a layer of water blocking material under the armor.

To improve the technology and prevent possible destruction of the aggregate at the time of applying the armor, it is advisable to apply an intermediate cladding made of a polymeric material homogeneous with the material called a moisture-proof cladding or winding with at least one polymer tape with overlap under the armor by extrusion. The choice between the intermediate shell and the winding is based on the degree of destructive effect of the armor during application and for economic reasons.

The fifth option is as follows. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these wires previously twisted into a pair or three, or four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath. The cable is distinguished by the fact that it is provided with armor for open laying in hazardous areas, and a filler placed on top of the core, which makes it possible to obtain a round cylindrical shape of the cable for optimal sealing at the intersection of the explosive and non-explosive zones, as well as insulation and moisture-proof materials selected from additives that ensure cable performance at temperatures below minus 60 ° C.

As well as for the first option, the fifth option is characterized by the fact that in order to ensure the compactness of the core with the number of cores or groups more than one, it is advisable to twist them together into the core, for the choice of insulation materials, filler and moisture barrier they are guided by fire safety requirements in accordance with table 1 and the requirements of flexibility and maslobenzostoy bone, to ensure fire resistance, it is advisable to additionally apply at least one mica winding to the conductive core and core commercial tape, to ensure the identification of insulated conductors in the cable, use an individual color of insulation, to ensure the requirement of noise immunity, when twisting, establish the agreed steps for adjacent groups (unequal and non-multiple), as well as limit the steps of twisting the veins into groups. In order to prevent possible melting of the insulation, apply belt insulation of polyethylene terephthalate or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene or polyamide tape to each group and / or over the core, overlapped in the form of a winding in a spiral or longitudinally. To protect against electromagnetic influences and organize grounding circuits on the screens, it is advisable to run a cable with at least one screen, individual - superimposed on a separate core, group - superimposed on a separate group, common - superimposed on the core, to protect against electromagnetic effects in the low frequency range - made in the form of a braid or winding from tinned copper or copper wires, in the high frequency range - from not less than one metal tape imposed by the metal inward with overlapping spiral winding and or longitudinally with screen wire laid under the screen, in a wide frequency range - in the form of a braid or winding made from tinned copper or copper tinned wires with an additionally laid under the braid or winding metal upward with longitudinal overlapping by a metal-polymer tape or spiral winding, mainly for intrinsically safe circuits - superimposed on individual or group screens of an extruded polymer shell or belt insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, with a thickness selected from conditions for ensuring that the test with a voltage of 500 V AC with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied, applied between any individual or group or common screens, with additional partial longitudinal sealing for explosion-proof cables of the type “flameproof enclosure d”, with the additional possibility of making a filler foamed, with a blue shell colors for identification purposes for intrinsically safe cables.

Also, under operating conditions under the influence of radial (crushing) forces, it is advisable to make armor in the form of a braid or winding from round steel wires, and under the conditions of longitudinal (tensile) forces, it is advisable to make armor from steel tapes by spiral winding or longitudinally from pre-corrugated steel tape laminated with polymer, to prevent the longitudinal spread of water under the armor in case of violation of the moisture barrier when used in a humid environment under bro w is advisable to lay a layer of water blocking material to prevent possible destruction of the aggregate during the application of armor advisable under extrusion cast method armor intermediate shell of polymer material homogeneous with the material of said waterproof sheath or winding at least one polymeric strip with an overlap.

The sixth option is as follows. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these wires previously twisted into a pair or three, or four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath. The cable is distinguished by the fact that it is provided with armor for open laying in hazardous areas, and a filler placed on top of the core, which makes it possible to obtain a round cylindrical shape of the cable for optimal sealing at the intersection of the explosive and non-explosive zones, as well as insulation and moisture-proof materials selected from heat-resistant additives with a melting point of at least 105 ° C to ensure the operability of cables in emergency conditions.

As well as for the first option, the sixth option is characterized by the fact that in order to ensure the compactness of the core with the number of cores or groups more than one, it is advisable to twist them together into the core, for the choice of insulation materials, filler and moisture barrier they are guided by the fire safety requirements in accordance with table 1 and the requirements of flexibility and oil and gas resistance, to ensure fire resistance, it is advisable to additionally apply at least one mica winding to the conductive core and core oic tape for identification of insulated conductors used in the cable insulation of individual coloring, to provide noise immunity requirements set when twisting coordinated steps at adjacent groups (unequal and non-multiple), as well as limit the twisting steps lived group. In order to prevent possible melting of the insulation, apply belt insulation of polyethylene terephthalate or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene or polyamide tape to each group and / or over the core, overlapped in the form of a winding in a spiral or longitudinally. To protect against electromagnetic influences and organize grounding circuits on the screens, it is advisable to run a cable with at least one screen, individual - superimposed on a separate core, group - superimposed on a separate group, common - superimposed on the core, to protect against electromagnetic effects in the low frequency range - made in the form of a braid or winding from tinned copper or copper wires, in the high frequency range - from not less than one metal tape imposed by the metal inward with overlapping spiral winding and or longitudinally with screen wire laid under the screen, in a wide frequency range - in the form of a braid or winding made from tinned copper or copper tinned wires with an additionally laid under the braid or winding metal upward with longitudinal overlapping by a metal-polymer tape or spiral winding, mainly for intrinsically safe circuits - superimposed on individual or group screens of an extruded polymer shell or belt insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, with a thickness selected from conditions for ensuring that the test with a voltage of 500 V AC with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied, applied between any individual or group or common screens, with additional partial longitudinal sealing for explosion-proof cables of the type “flameproof enclosure d”, with the additional possibility of making a filler foamed, with a blue shell colors for identification purposes for intrinsically safe cables.

Also, under operating conditions under the influence of radial (crushing) forces, it is advisable to make armor in the form of a braid or winding from round steel wires, and under the conditions of longitudinal (tensile) forces, it is advisable to make armor from steel tapes by spiral winding or longitudinally from pre-corrugated steel tape laminated with polymer, to prevent the longitudinal spread of water under the armor in case of violation of the moisture barrier when used in a humid environment under bro w is advisable to lay a layer of water blocking material to prevent possible destruction of the aggregate during the application of armor advisable under extrusion cast method armor intermediate shell of polymer material homogeneous with the material of said waterproof sheath or winding at least one polymeric strip with an overlap.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by a specific example of implementation, represented by a drawing of a cross section of a cable with conductors twisted into groups (pairs).

The cable shown consists of multiwire conductive copper or tinned copper conductors 1, insulated with PVC compound 2 with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, twisted together in three pairs, and the pairs, in turn, twisted into a core laid on top of core core 3, and on top him armor in the form of a braid from round steel wires 4 and a moisture-proof sheath 5.

Cable manufacturing technology according to the claimed utility model includes the following operations.

Copper wires for conductive conductors 1 are made of copper wire "wire rod", usually with a diameter of 8 mm by drawing method. Depending on the diameter of the finished wire, the following operations can be used: coarse and medium drawing or coarse, medium and fine drawing.

To ensure softness, the wire is annealed in special annealing furnaces or in a passage for drawing operations. Annealing is not required to obtain tinned wires. Tinning is done hot, making the wire soft.

Conductors 1 are twisted from the required number of wires on twisting machines of cigar, frame or lantern type.

Insulation 2 of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound or special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound, or a halogen-free polymer composition, or thermoplastic elastomer is applied by extrusion on extrusion lines and on continuous vulcanization lines using rubber or silicone rubber.

Twisting of isolated conductors into groups - a pair, a three or a four is usually performed on frame-type machines.

An electric shield in the form of a braid or winding is superimposed on braiding or winding machines. Pre-possible cane (combining) of wires in bundles on reed machines.

An electric screen made of metal-plastic tape is applied by spiral winding with overlapping on winding machines or longitudinally with overlapping operations for applying a moisture-proof sheath. The screen is superimposed with metal inward, and a longitudinally tinned copper tinned drainage core is allowed under it. It is possible to longitudinally overlay a screen from a metal-plastic tape with metal inward with a tinned copper drainage conductor while simultaneously applying an extruded belt insulation layer of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound or special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound, or a halogen-free polymer composition, or a thermoplastic elastomer on an extrusion line or rubber rubber silicone rubber .

In the manufacture of a combined electric screen, a metal-plastic tape is allowed to run longitudinally with a metal layer overlapping upwards under a braid or winding on a braid or wrapping machine, respectively.

The belt insulation of dielectric tapes is made by spiral winding with overlapping on winding machines or longitudinally overlapping using an additional thread wrapper or tape wrapper for fastening with a bundle of threads or a narrow plastic tape in a spiral.

The lap insulation in the form of an extruded layer is applied from polyvinyl chloride plastic compound or special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound, or a halogen-free polymer composition, or a thermoplastic elastomer on extrusion lines or from rubber or silicone rubber on continuous vulcanization lines.

The aggregate 3 is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound or special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound or a halogen-free polymer composition or thermoplastic elastomer by extrusion on extrusion lines and continuous vulcanization lines using rubber or silicone rubber.

Foaming of the aggregate material is carried out chemically or physically. In the first case, granular, blowing agent is added to the granules of the main material in the hopper of the extrusion line, in the second case, inactive gas (for example: nitrogen) is introduced into the forming aggregate using a physical foaming unit.

The intermediate shell and the moisture barrier 5 are extruded on the extrusion lines using a polyvinyl chloride plastic compound or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound, or a halogen-free polymer composition, or a thermoplastic elastomer, and on continuous vulcanization lines using rubber or silicone rubber.

The water blocking layer is superimposed by a water blocking tape in a spiral winding on a winding machine.

Armor 4 made of round galvanized steel wires is applied in the form of a braid or winding on braiding or armoring machines, from steel tapes - according to the spiral winding method with overlapping on tape wrapping armoring machines. When using laminated steel tapes, the armor is imposed longitudinally using a special corrugating and coagulation unit together with the application of a moisture-proof sheath.

Three cable samples were made with a length of 100 m each of the next design. Flexible conductive conductors twisted from seven soft copper wires with a cross-section of 1.0 mm ² , insulated with PVC compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25. The insulated conductors are twisted into three groups - pairs with a twisting step of 50 - 70 mm. The pairs are twisted together in a core with a step of 300 mm.

A filler made of a material based on polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25 is applied on top of the core, and a moisture-proof sheath made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25 is placed on top of it.

Also, three samples of cables with a length of 100 m each with an additional armor imposed under the moisture protection shell in the form of a braid made of round steel wire with a diameter of 0.3 mm were made. The remaining structural elements and parameters coincide with the elements and parameters of the above structures.

For cable samples, diameters were measured in ten randomly selected sections according to GOST 12177-79, the results are summarized in table 2.

The criterion for the round shape in cross section is formulated as follows: “Cables in the cross section must have a round shape. In this case, the maximum and minimum values of the diameter measured in one section should be within the tolerances on the diameter of the cables in accordance with the design documentation. "

Table 2. Name of parameters Type of construction Normalized Values Sample Test Results, Number one 2 3 Maximum and minimum cable diameters along the sheath, mm Unarmored 13.72-17.29 13.95-16.07 14.11-15.87 15.13-17.09 Armored 14.92-18.49 15.31-17.96 15.02-18.17 14.98-18.38

The test results presented in table 2 confirm the achievement of the technical result.

Claims (138)

1. Installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these conductors pre-twisted into pairs or a triple or a four, a filler and a moisture barrier, characterized in that the filler is superimposed on top of the core to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable. 2. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that when the number of the named cores or groups in the core is more than one, the cores or groups are twisted together into a core. 3. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the said insulation of the conductive conductors is made by extrusion of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of from 20 to 25 or special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer compositions with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of not m Less than 29, or a cross-linked polyethylene composition, or an insulating cable rubber, or silicone rubber, including ceramizing under flame conditions. 4. A cable according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in addition to the above-mentioned conductive wires, at least one mica tape is applied by winding in a spiral with overlapping mica layer inward. 5. The cable according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the said insulation of the conductive conductors has an individual color, and the color is made by the number of uniform colors sufficient to ensure that the said groups in the core differ from each other by the combination of colors of the named insulation of the conductive conductors and for ensuring the differences between these cores by the color of the named insulation within each group and in the core twisted from separate isolated conductive cores. 6. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjacent groups have agreed twisting steps, and the twisting step into a group of two named conductive conductors does not exceed 0.1 m, of the three named conductive conductors does not exceed 0.15 m, out of four named conductive conductors does not exceed 0.2 m. 7. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that each named group is additionally superimposed with a winding of at least one polymer tape with overlapping. 8. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that on top of the core an additional belt insulation is applied from at least one dielectric tape with a spiral winding overlapping or longitudinally. 9. The cable according to claim 8, characterized in that the core insulation on the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate, or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene, or polyamide tape. 10. The cable according to claim 8, characterized in that the belt insulation along the core is made of mica tape with a mica layer inside. 11. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with at least one screen. 12. The cable according to claim 11, characterized in that the screen is made individual, superimposed on the named insulated conductive core, or group, superimposed on the named group, or common, superimposed on top of the core or belt insulation of the core, and over each individual or group screen is superimposed by extrusion, the polymer shell or zone insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, and the thickness of the named shell or zone insulation according to individual or group screens is selected such that it can withstand a test of at least 500 V AC at a frequency of 50 Hz applied between any individual, or group, or common screens. 13. The cable according to claim 11, characterized in that the screen is made of at least one metal-polymer tape imposed by the metal inward with the overlapping of the winding in a spiral or longitudinally with the screen wire laid underneath. 14. The cable according to claim 11, characterized in that the screen is made in the form of a winding or braid of tinned copper or copper tinned wires. 15. The cable according to 14, characterized in that under the screen in the form of a winding or braid is additionally superimposed metal upward with overlapping metal-polymer tape longitudinally or winding in a spiral. 16. The cable according to claim 12, characterized in that said extruded polymer sheath on top of an individual or group screen is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with reduced smoke and gas emission or a halogen-free polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer It measures an oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cable of rubber, or silicone rubber including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 17. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a partial longitudinal sealing of the said groups and the core by introducing a filler into the air cavities. 18. Cable according to any one of claims 1 or 17, characterized in that the filler is made on the basis of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 28, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or halogen-free a polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or cable rubber Or silicone rubber, including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 19. Cable according to any one of claims 1 or 17, characterized in that the filler is made of foam material. 20. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture barrier is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer composition with oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or hose cable rubber , or silicone rubber, including ceramicizing under conditions of flame exposure. 21. Cable according to any one of claims 1 or 20, characterized in that for intrinsically safe cables the moisture-proof sheath is made in blue or with a longitudinal blue stripe. 22. Installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these conductors previously twisted into pairs or a triple, or a four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath, characterized in that the filler is applied on top of the core to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable, and for insulation and moisture-proof shell used cold-resistant materials with a temperature of brittleness not higher than minus 60 ° C. 23. The cable according to claim 22, characterized in that when the number of the named cores or groups in the core is more than one, the cores or groups are twisted together into a core. 24. The cable according to claim 22, characterized in that the said insulation of the conductive conductors is made by extrusion of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25 or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer compositions with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cross-linked polyethylene composition, or insulating cable rubber, or silicone rubber, including ceramizing under flame conditions. 25. Cable according to any one of paragraphs.22 or 23, characterized in that in addition to the above-mentioned conductive cores, at least one mica tape is applied in a spiral winding with a mica layer overlapping inside. 26. The cable according to any one of paragraphs.22 or 23, characterized in that the said insulation of conductive conductors has an individual color, and the coloring is made by the number of uniform colors sufficient to ensure that the named groups in the core differ from each other by the combination of colors of the named insulation of conductive wires and for ensuring the differences between these cores by the color of the named insulation within each group and in the core twisted from separate isolated conductive cores. 27. The cable according to claim 22, wherein the adjacent groups have coordinated twisting steps, wherein the twisting step into a group of two named conductive wires does not exceed 0.1 m, of the three named conductive wires does not exceed 0.15 m, of four named conductive conductors does not exceed 0.2 m. 28. The cable according to claim 22, characterized in that each named group is additionally superimposed with a winding of at least one polymer tape with overlapping. 29. The cable according to p. 22, characterized in that on top of the core an additional belt insulation is applied from at least one dielectric tape with a spiral winding overlapping or longitudinally. 30. The cable according to clause 29, wherein the core insulation on the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate, or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene, or polyamide tape. 31. The cable according to clause 29, wherein the belt insulation along the core is made of mica tape with a mica layer inside. 32. The cable according to p. 22, characterized in that it is made with at least one screen. 33. The cable according to p, characterized in that the screen is made individual, superimposed on the named insulated conductive core, or group, superimposed on the named group, or common, superimposed on top of the core or belt insulation of the core, and on top of each individual or group screen is superimposed by extrusion, the polymer shell or zone insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, and the thickness of the named shell or zone insulation according to individual or group screens is selected such that it can withstand a test of at least 500 V AC at a frequency of 50 Hz applied between any individual, or group, or common screens. 34. The cable according to p. 32, characterized in that the screen is made of at least one metal-polymer tape, superimposed by the metal inward with the overlapping of the winding in a spiral or longitudinally with the screen wire laid underneath. 35. The cable according to p, characterized in that the screen is made in the form of a winding or braid of copper or tinned copper wires. 36. The cable according to claim 35, characterized in that the screen in the form of a winding or braid is additionally superimposed with metal upward with overlapping metal-polymer tape longitudinally or winding in a spiral. 37. The cable according to claim 33, wherein said extruded polymer sheath on top of an individual or group screen is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with reduced smoke and gas emission or a halogen-free polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer It measures an oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cable of rubber, or silicone rubber including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 38. The cable according to claim 22, characterized in that it further comprises a partial longitudinal sealing of the said groups and the core by introducing a filler into the air cavities. 39. Cable according to any one of paragraphs.22 or 38, characterized in that the filler is made on the basis of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 28, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or halogen-free a polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or cable rubber s, or silicone rubber, including ceramicizing under conditions of flame exposure. 40. Cable according to any one of paragraphs.22 or 38, characterized in that the filler is made of foam material. 41. The cable according to item 22, wherein the moisture barrier is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of from 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer composition with oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or hose cable rubber Or silicone rubber, including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 42. Cable according to any one of paragraphs.22 or 41, characterized in that for intrinsically safe cables, the moisture-proof sheath is made in blue or with a longitudinal blue stripe. 43. Installation cable, mainly explosion and fireproof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these conductors pre-twisted into pairs , or three, or four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath, characterized in that the filler is applied over the core to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable, and for insulation waterproof membranes used heat-resistant material with a melting point of not lower than 105 ° C. 44. The cable according to item 43, wherein when the number of the named cores or groups in the core is more than one, the cores or groups are twisted together into a core. 45. The cable according to item 43, wherein said insulation of conductive conductors is made by extrusion of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of from 20 to 25 or special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer compositions with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cross-linked polyethylene composition, or insulating cable rubber, or silicone rubber, including ceramizing under flame conditions. 46. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 43 or 44, characterized in that in addition to the above-mentioned conductive conductors, at least one mica tape is applied by winding in a spiral with overlapping mica layer inward. 47. The cable according to any one of paragraphs 43 or 44, characterized in that the said insulation of conductive conductors has an individual color, and the color is made by the number of uniform colors sufficient to ensure that the said groups in the core differ from each other by the combination of colors of the named insulation of conductive conductors and for ensuring the differences between these cores by the color of the named insulation within each group and in the core twisted from separate isolated conductive cores. 48. The cable according to item 43, wherein the adjacent groups have agreed twisting steps, and the twisting step into a group of two named conductive wires does not exceed 0.1 m, of the three named conductive wires does not exceed 0.15 m, of four named conductive conductors does not exceed 0.2 m. 49. The cable according to item 43, wherein the winding of at least one polymer tape with overlapping is additionally applied to each named group. 50. The cable according to item 43, wherein the core insulation is additionally superimposed on the belt insulation of at least one dielectric tape with a spiral winding overlapping or longitudinally. 51. The cable according to claim 50, characterized in that the core insulation on the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate, or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene, or polyamide tape. 52. The cable according to claim 50, characterized in that the belt insulation along the core is made of mica tape with a mica layer inside. 53. The cable according to item 43, wherein it is made with at least one screen. 54. The cable according to item 53, wherein the screen is made individual, superimposed on the named insulated conductive core, or group, superimposed on the named group, or common, superimposed on top of the core or belt insulation of the core, and over each individual or group screen by extrusion, the polymer shell or zone insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, and the thickness of the named shell or zone insulation according to individual or group screens is selected such that it can withstand a test of at least 500 V AC at a frequency of 50 Hz applied between any individual, or group, or common screens. 55. The cable according to item 53, wherein the screen is made of at least one metal-polymer tape, superimposed by the metal inside with a spiral winding overlapping or longitudinally with the shield wire laid underneath. 56. The cable according to item 53, wherein the screen is made in the form of a winding or braid of copper or tinned copper wires. 57. The cable according to p. 56, characterized in that under the screen in the form of a winding or braid is additionally superimposed with metal upward with overlapping metal-polymer tape longitudinally or winding in a spiral. 58. The cable according to item 54, wherein said extruded polymer sheath on top of an individual or group screen is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission or a halogen-free polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer It measures an oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cable of rubber, or silicone rubber including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 59. The cable according to item 43, characterized in that it further comprises a partial longitudinal sealing of these groups and the core due to the introduction of filler in the air cavity. 60. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 43 or 59, characterized in that the filler is made on the basis of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 28, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or halogen-free a polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or cable rubber s, or silicone rubber, including ceramicizing under conditions of flame exposure. 61. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 43 or 59, characterized in that the filler is made of foam material. 62. The cable according to item 43, wherein the moisture-proof sheath is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer composition with oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or hose cable rubber Or silicone rubber, including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 63. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 43 or 62, characterized in that for intrinsically safe cables, the moisture-proof sheath is made in blue or with a longitudinal blue stripe. 64. Installation cable, mainly explosion-proof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core of at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these conductors previously twisted into pairs or a triple, or a four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath, characterized in that the filler is applied over the core to ensure a round cylindrical shape of the cable, and under the moisture-proof hydrochloric superimposed armor shell. 65. The cable according to item 64, wherein in the number of the named cores or groups in the core is more than one, the cores or groups are twisted together into a core. 66. The cable according to item 64, wherein said insulation of conductive conductors is made by extrusion of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or halogen-free a polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cross-linked polyethylene composition, or insulating cable rubber, or silicone rubber, including ceramizing under flame conditions. 67. The cable according to any one of paragraphs 64 or 65, characterized in that in addition to the above-mentioned conductive wires, at least one mica tape is applied by winding in a spiral with overlapping mica layer inward. 68. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 64 or 65, characterized in that the said insulation of the conductive conductors has an individual color, and the coloring is made by the number of homogeneous colors sufficient to ensure that the said groups in the core differ from each other by the combination of colors of the named insulation of conductive conductors and for ensuring the differences between these cores by the color of the named insulation within each group and in the core twisted from separate isolated conductive cores. 69. The cable according to item 64, wherein the adjacent groups have agreed twisting steps, and the twisting step into a group of two named conductive wires does not exceed 0.1 m, of the three named conductive wires does not exceed 0.15 m, of four named conductive conductors does not exceed 0.2 m. 70. The cable according to item 64, wherein each winding group is additionally superimposed with a winding of at least one polymer tape with an overlap. 71. The cable according to p. 64, characterized in that on top of the core an additional belt insulation is applied from at least one dielectric tape with a spiral winding overlapping or longitudinally. 72. The cable according to claim 71, characterized in that the core insulation on the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate, or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene, or polyamide tape. 73. The cable according to Claim 71, wherein the core insulation on the core is made of mica tape with a mica layer inward. 74. The cable according to item 64, wherein it is made with at least one screen. 75. The cable according to item 74, wherein the screen is made individual, superimposed on the named insulated conductive core, or group, superimposed on the named group, or common, superimposed on top of the core or belt insulation of the core, and on top of each individual or group screen is superimposed by extrusion, the polymer shell or zone insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, and the thickness of the named shell or zone insulation according to individual or group screens is selected such that it can withstand a test of at least 500 V AC at a frequency of 50 Hz applied between any individual, or group, or common screens. 76. The cable according to p. 74, characterized in that the screen is made of at least one metal-polymer tape, superimposed by the metal inward with the overlapping of the winding in a spiral or longitudinally with the screen wire laid underneath. 77. The cable according to item 74, wherein the screen is made in the form of a winding or braid of copper or tinned copper wires. 78. The cable according to claim 77, characterized in that under the screen in the form of a winding or braid, it is additionally superimposed with metal upward with overlapping metal-polymer tape longitudinally or winding in a spiral. 79. The cable according to claim 75, wherein said extruded polymer sheath over an individual or group screen is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with reduced smoke and gas emission or a halogen-free polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin term o plastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elas Omer with oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cable of rubber, or silicone rubber including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 80. The cable according to p. 64, characterized in that it further comprises a partial longitudinal sealing of these groups and the core due to the introduction of filler in the air cavity. 81. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 64 or 80, characterized in that the filler is made on the basis of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 28, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or halogen-free a polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or cable rubber s, or silicone rubber, including ceramicizing under conditions of flame exposure. 82. Cable according to any one of paragraphs.64 or 80, characterized in that the filler is made of foam material. 83. The cable according to item 64, wherein the moisture-proof sheath is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer composition with oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or hose cable rubber Or silicone rubber, including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 84. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 64 or 83, characterized in that for intrinsically safe cables, the moisture-proof sheath is made in blue or with a longitudinal blue stripe. 85. The cable according to item 64, wherein the armor is made of round steel wires by winding in a spiral or in the form of a braid. 86. The cable according to item 64, wherein the armor is made of steel tapes by winding in a spiral or longitudinally from a pre-corrugated steel tape laminated with polymer. 87. The cable according to item 64, wherein a layer of water-blocking material is additionally laid under the armor. 88. The cable according to claim 64, characterized in that under the armor an extrusion method is additionally applied an intermediate sheath of a polymeric material homogeneous with the material of the said moisture-proof sheath or winding with at least one polymer tape with overlap. 89. Installation cable, mainly explosion and fireproof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core, from at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these wires, previously twisted into pairs or a triple or a four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath, characterized in that the filler is applied on top of the core in order to provide a round cylindrical shape of the cable, for insulation and lagozaschitnoy shell used with cold-resistant materials brittleness temperature not higher than minus 60 ° C, and under a moisture proof envelope superimposed armor. 90. The cable according to claim 89, characterized in that when the number of the named cores or groups in the core is more than one, the cores or groups are twisted together into a core. 91. The cable according to claim 89, characterized in that the said insulation of the conductive conductors is made by extrusion of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25 or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer compositions with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cross-linked polyethylene composition, or insulating cable rubber, or silicone rubber, including ceramizing under flame conditions. 92. The cable according to any one of paragraphs 89 or 90, characterized in that in addition to the above-mentioned conductive wires, at least one mica tape is applied by winding in a spiral with overlapping mica layer inward. 93. The cable according to any one of claims 89 or 90, characterized in that the said insulation of the conductive conductors is individually colored, the coloring being made by the number of uniform colors sufficient to ensure that the said groups in the core differ from each other by the combination of colors of the named insulation of conductive conductors and for ensuring the differences between these cores by the color of the named insulation within each group and in the core twisted from separate isolated conductive cores. 94. The cable according to claim 89, wherein the adjacent groups have coordinated twisting steps, wherein the twisting step into a group of two named conductive wires does not exceed 0.1 m, of the three named conductive wires does not exceed 0.15 m, of four named conductive conductors does not exceed 0.2 m. 95. The cable according to claim 89, characterized in that each named group is additionally superimposed with a winding of at least one polymer tape with overlapping. 96. The cable according to p. 89, characterized in that on top of the core an additional belt insulation is applied from at least one dielectric tape with a spiral winding overlapping or longitudinally. 97. The cable according to p. 97, characterized in that the core insulation on the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate, or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene, or polyamide tape. 98. The cable according to p. 97, characterized in that the belt insulation along the core is made of mica tape with a mica layer inside. 99. The cable according to p. 89, characterized in that it is made with at least one screen. 100. The cable according to claim 99, wherein the screen is made individual, superimposed on the named insulated conductive core, or group, superimposed on the named group, or common, superimposed on top of the core or belt insulation of the core, and over each individual or group screen by extrusion, the polymer shell or waist insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, and the thickness of the named shell or waist insulation according to individual or group screens is selected such that the withstand voltage test of not less than 500 V AC at 50 Hz, applied between any individual or group, or common screens. 101. The cable according to claim 99, characterized in that the screen is made of at least one metal-polymer tape imposed by the metal inside with overlapping by a spiral winding or longitudinally with a screen wire laid underneath. 102. The cable according to claim 99, wherein the screen is made in the form of a winding or braid of tinned copper or copper wires. 103. The cable according to claim 102, characterized in that under the screen in the form of a winding or braid, it is additionally superimposed with metal upward with overlapping metal-polymer tape longitudinally or winding in a spiral. 104. The cable according to claim 100, characterized in that said extruded polymer sheath on top of an individual or group screen is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with reduced smoke and gas emission or a halogen-free polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elas Omer with oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cable of rubber, or silicone rubber including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 105. The cable according to claim 89, characterized in that it further comprises a partial longitudinal sealing of the said groups and the core by introducing a filler into the air cavities. 106. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 89 or 105, characterized in that the filler is made on the basis of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 28, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or halogen-free a polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or cable gland ny, or silicone rubber, including ceramiziruyuschaya in conditions of exposure to flame. 107. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 89 or 105, characterized in that the filler is made of foam material. 108. The cable according to claim 89, wherein the moisture-proof sheath is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer composition with oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or hose cable rubber s, or silicone rubber, including ceramicizing under conditions of flame exposure. 109. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 89 or 108, characterized in that for intrinsically safe cables, the moisture-proof sheath is made in blue or with a longitudinal blue stripe. 110. The cable according to p. 89, characterized in that the armor is made of round steel wires by winding in a spiral or in the form of a braid. 111. The cable according to p. 89, characterized in that the armor is made of steel tapes by winding in a spiral or longitudinally from a pre-corrugated steel tape laminated with polymer. 112. The cable according to claim 89, characterized in that a layer of water-blocking material is additionally laid under the armor. 113. The cable according to claim 89, characterized in that the intermediate shell of a polymer material homogeneous with the material of the said moisture-proof sheath or winding of at least one polymer tape with overlapping is additionally applied under the armor by extrusion method. 114. Installation cable, mainly explosion and fireproof, including for intrinsically safe circuits, containing a core, from at least one multi-wire conductive copper or tinned copper core, coated with a concentric layer of dielectric insulation, or at least one group of these wires, previously twisted into pairs or a triple or a four, a filler and a moisture-proof sheath, characterized in that the filler is applied on top of the core in order to provide a round cylindrical shape of the cable, for insulation and moisture-proof shell used heat-resistant materials with a melting point not lower than 105 ° C, and armor was imposed under the moisture-proof shell. 115. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that when the number of the named cores or groups in the core is more than one, the cores or groups are twisted together into a core. 116. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that the said insulation of the conductive conductors is made by extrusion of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25 or special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer compositions with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of n less than 29, or cross-linked polyethylene composition of the cable or the insulating rubber or silicone rubber including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 117. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 114 or 115, characterized in that in addition to the above-mentioned conductive cores, at least one mica tape is applied by winding in a spiral with overlapping mica layer inside. 118. The cable according to any one of paragraphs 114 or 115, characterized in that the said insulation of conductive wires has an individual color, and the color is made by the number of uniform colors sufficient to ensure that the said groups in the core differ from each other by the combination of colors of the named insulation of conductive wires and for ensuring the differences between these cores by the color of the named insulation within each group and in the core twisted from separate isolated conductive cores. 119. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that the adjacent groups have agreed twisting steps, and the twisting step into a group of two named conductive wires does not exceed 0.1 m, of the three named conductive wires does not exceed 0.15 m, out of four named conductive conductors does not exceed 0.2 m. 120. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that each named group is additionally superimposed with a winding of at least one polymer tape with overlapping. 121. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that on top of the core an additional belt insulation is applied from at least one dielectric tape with a spiral winding overlapping or longitudinally. 122. The cable according to p. 121, characterized in that the core insulation on the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate, or polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene, or polyamide tape. 123. The cable according to p. 121, characterized in that the belt insulation along the core is made of mica tape with a mica layer inside. 124. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that it is made with at least one screen. 125. The cable according to p. 124, characterized in that the screen is made individual, superimposed on the named insulated conductive core, or group, superimposed on the named group, or common, superimposed on top of the core or belt insulation of the core, and over each individual or group screen is superimposed by extrusion, the polymer shell or waist insulation in the form of a spiral winding with overlapping polymer tape, and the thickness of the named shell or waist insulation according to individual or group screens is selected and such that it can withstand a test of at least 500 V AC at a frequency of 50 Hz, applied between any individual, or group, or common screens. 126. The cable according to p. 124, characterized in that the screen is made of at least one metal-polymer tape, superimposed by the metal inside with overlapping by a winding in a spiral or longitudinally with a screen wire laid underneath. 127. The cable according to p. 124, characterized in that the screen is made in the form of a winding or braid of copper or tinned copper wires. 128. The cable according to p. 127, characterized in that under the screen in the form of a winding or braid is additionally superimposed with metal upward with overlapping metal-polymer tape longitudinally or winding in a spiral. 129. The cable according to p. 125, characterized in that the said extruded polymer sheath on top of an individual or group screen is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission or a halogen-free polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elas Omer with oxygen index of not less than 29, or a cable of rubber, or silicone rubber including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 130. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that it further comprises a partial longitudinal sealing of the said groups and the core by introducing a filler into the air cavities. 131. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 114 or 130, characterized in that the filler is made on the basis of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of from 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 28, including with reduced smoke and gas emission, or halogen-free a polymer composition with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 28, or cable cut us, or silicone rubber, including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 132. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 114 or 130, characterized in that the filler is made of foam material. 133. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that the moisture barrier is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of 20 to 25, or a special polyvinyl chloride plastic compound with an oxygen index of at least 30, including with low smoke and gas emission, or a halogen-free polymer composition with oxygen an index of at least 35, or a polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer with an oxygen index of at least 29, or a hose cable s, or silicone rubber including keramiziruyuscheysya under fire conditions. 134. Cable according to any one of paragraphs 114 or 133, characterized in that for intrinsically safe cables the moisture-proof sheath is made in blue or with a longitudinal blue stripe. 135. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that the armor is made of round steel wires by winding in a spiral or in the form of a braid. 136. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that the armor is made of steel tapes by winding in a spiral or longitudinally from a pre-corrugated steel tape laminated with polymer. 137. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that a layer of water-blocking material is additionally laid under the armor. 138. The cable according to p. 114, characterized in that under the armor is additionally extruded by an extrusion method an intermediate sheath made of a polymeric material homogeneous with the material called a moisture-proof sheath or winding with at least one polymer tape with overlapping.