RU102202U1 - CYCLONE ELECTRIC FILTER - Google Patents

Abstract

 A cyclone-electrostatic precipitator containing a vertical cylindrical conical housing, equipped with a pipe for removing dust, a pipe for supplying a dusty gas stream located tangentially to the body, a cover, an exhaust pipe, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional pipe for supplying a dusty gas stream located tangentially to the body in its upper part, conductive plates located inside the nozzles for supplying a gas stream and connected by means of conductors with positive and negative nym electrodes a current source, respectively.

Description

The utility model is intended for cleaning gases from dust in the field of action of centrifugal forces and forces of electrical interaction; it can be used in chemical, petrochemical, metallurgical, fuel and energy and other industries.

The problem in cleaning flue gases from dispersed dust particles is to protect the environment from pollution by dust particles. Known cyclones that solve this problem allow you to clean flue gases from large and medium dispersed particles, but do not capture particles of a fine dispersed phase.

Known cyclone TsN-15 [Kasatkin A.G. "Basic processes and apparatuses of chemical technology". Publishing house 8, re., M .: Chemistry, 1971, 241]. The cyclone contains a cylindrical body with a tangential inlet pipe and a conical bottom, an axial exhaust pipe, a dust bin.

The cyclone works as follows: the dust and gas stream through a nozzle installed tangentially to the cyclone body enters. The dusty gas stream passes around the circumference around the exhaust pipe and moves spirally downward, ensuring the separation of large particles of the dispersed phase from the dispersion medium (gas). In the lower part of the body, the flow loses speed and changes its direction, as a result of which suspended particles fall out. The purified gases move in an upward spiral towards the exhaust pipe, through which they are discharged from the cyclone. The removal of trapped particles occurs through the fitting.

Known cyclone allows you to remove large and medium dispersed particles from a dusty gas stream.

A disadvantage of the known cyclone is its low efficiency when cleaning a dusty gas stream. This is due to the fact that the particles of the fine dispersed phase have insufficient mass to remove them under the action of centrifugal force.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution is a cyclone [RF patent No. 2331481, B04C 9/00, publ. 08/20/2008].

The cyclone consists of a vertical cylindrical body with a conical bottom and a cover, an inlet pipe mounted tangentially in the upper part of the body, an exhaust pipe mounted axisymmetrically with a cylindrical body on the cover, a pipe for removing dust collected in the lower part of the conical bottom, an electrostatic precipitator consisting of a precipitation electrode which is a continuation of the exhaust pipe mounted on a ring of dielectric material mounted with the possibility of free vertical movement, with connected to the shaking mechanism, and a corona electrode mounted axisymmetrically with a tubular precipitation electrode.

The cyclone works as follows. A high voltage is applied to the tubular precipitation and corona electrode, forming a corona discharge in the gap between these electrodes.

Purified or flue gas enters the inlet pipe. Since the inlet pipe is installed tangentially in the upper part of the vertical body, the cleaned air swirls in the gap between the vertical cylindrical body and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe. Under the action of centrifugal force, large and medium particles and droplets of dispersed fractions are thrown to the wall of the vertical cylindrical body and are lowered down to the conical bottom to the nozzle for removal of trapped dust.

Thus purified air or flue gas with particles or droplets of a fine dispersed fraction rises up between the wall of the tubular precipitation electrode and the corona electrode. The electrons and ions of the gas stream formed in the corona discharge collide with particles and droplets of a fine dispersed fraction, charge them and force them to settle on a tubular precipitation electrode under the influence of an electric field.

After the accumulation of trapped particles and droplets of the fine dispersed fraction on the tubular precipitating electrode of large ones, the middle of the particles and droplets of the dispersed fraction in the conical bottom, the flow of cleaned air or flue gas into the inlet pipe is stopped, the lid of the pipe to remove trapped dust is opened and particles of coarse and middle fractions are removed, trapped in a cylindrical body and its conical part in a separate container. Then include a shaking mechanism that transmits vibrations along the rod to the tubular precipitation electrode. Under the influence of these vibrations, the trapped particles and droplets of the fine dispersed fraction are discharged from the wall of the tubular precipitation electrode into the conical bottom to the dust collection pipe, and all trapped particles and droplets of the fine dispersed fraction are removed from the conical bottom to another container.

The cyclone allows you to remove large, medium and small dispersed particles from a dusty gas stream.

The disadvantage of the cyclone is that, when dust accumulates in the cyclone, for its cleaning, it is necessary to stop the flow of dust and gas flow into it, which leads to an interruption in the cleaning process. As a result, the installation of an additional apparatus is required to ensure continuous cleaning, which leads to an increase in the cost of gas purification.

The objective of the utility model is to create a cyclone that increases the degree of purification by removing coarse, medium, and fine dispersed particles from the gas stream without interrupting the purification process.

To solve this problem, in a cyclone containing a vertical cylindrical conical housing, equipped with a pipe for removing dust, a pipe for supplying a dusty gas stream located tangentially to the body, a cover, an exhaust pipe, an additional pipe for supplying a dusty gas stream located tangentially to the body in the upper its parts, conductive plates located inside the nozzles for supplying a dusty gas stream, connected by positive and negative conductors atelnym electrodes a current source, respectively.

Signs that distinguish the claimed cyclone from a known one selected as a prototype is the installation of an additional nozzle in the upper part of the cylindrical body for supplying a dusty gas stream located tangentially to the body, and supplying the inlet pipes with conductive plates connected by means of conductors to the positive and negative electrodes of the current source, respectively .

The presence of significant distinguishing features indicates the conformity of the proposed solution to the patentability criterion of "novelty."

Due to the distinguishing features of the proposed cyclone has a high degree of purification of particles of large, medium and fine dispersed composition and does not require shutdown for regeneration. This is due to the fact that dust particles of the dust and gas stream, passing through the nozzles for supplying a dusty gas stream, collide with conductive plates and acquire an electric charge. In the cylindrical part of the cyclone, gas flows saturated with oppositely charged particles are mixed. Under the influence of electric interaction forces, dust particles stick together, losing an electric charge and increasing their mass. Under the influence of centrifugal force, they are thrown to the walls of the cyclone, collide with them and, under the influence of gravitational forces, flow down and are removed through the nozzle to remove dust.

The proposed cyclone for gas cleaning is illustrated in the drawing. Figure 1 shows a vertical section of a cyclone.

The cyclone contains a vertical cylindrical housing 1, equipped with a nozzle 2 for dust removal, nozzles 3, 4 for supplying a dusty gas stream to the apparatus, located tangentially to the housing, a cover 5, an exhaust pipe 6, current-carrying plates 7, 8 installed inside the inlet nozzles and connected by means of conductors 9, 10 with the contacts of the current source 11.

The cyclone works as follows. Initially, the conductive plates 7 and 8 are connected to the current source 11 using conductors 9, 10, and are charged. The conductive plate 7 acquires a negative charge, and the plate 8 becomes positive. Then, dust and gas flow is supplied to the nozzles 3 and 4. The dust and gas flow, passing through the nozzles 3, 4, collides with the conductive plates 7, 8, as a result of which the dust particles acquire a positive or negative charge, respectively. Next, the dust and gas flows into the cylindrical conical housing 1. In the cylindrical part of the housing 1, a gas stream saturated with oppositely charged particles is mixed. Under the influence of electric interaction forces, dust particles stick together, losing an electric charge and increasing their mass. The dusty gas stream passes around the circumference around the exhaust pipe 5 and moves spirally downward, ensuring the separation of large particles of the dispersed phase from the dispersion medium (gas). In the lower part of the body, the flow loses speed and changes its direction, as a result of which the separation of medium and small suspended particles occurs and their removal through the nozzle 2. The gases purified from coarse, medium and fine dispersed dust move in an upward spiral and enter the exhaust pipe 5, from where they are removed from the cyclone.

Claims (1)

A cyclone-electrostatic precipitator containing a vertical cylindrical conical housing, equipped with a pipe for removing dust, a pipe for supplying a dusty gas stream located tangentially to the body, a cover, an exhaust pipe, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional pipe for supplying a dusty gas stream located tangentially to the body in its upper part, conductive plates located inside the nozzles for supplying a gas stream and connected by means of conductors with positive and negative nym electrodes a current source, respectively.