RU100949U1 - ROLLER PRESS FOR BRIQUETTING POLYDISPERSION BULK MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials, containing installed opposite each other in pairs, rotating counter drive rolls with forming cells in the form of symmetrical half-shapes of future briquettes and a loading hopper with a screw feeder, the axial screw of which is directed to the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by rolls wherein the outlet of the hopper-distributor is located above the rollers for the vertical feed of the briquette mixture into the area of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by the rollers and filling its cells rollers, characterized in that the hopper-way valve is adapted to supply to it a vertical briquette mixture and the screw feeder disposed in the lower part of the hopper-side distributor and obliquely in close proximity to the rolls. ! 2. The roller press according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper-distributor is made expandable in the upper part.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of engineering and can be used for briquetting carbon-containing and other polydisperse bulk materials for further use in iron foundry and slag cupola furnaces, shaft furnaces of non-ferrous metallurgy and other industries.

Known roll press for briquetting fossil fuels, containing drive, mounted against each other in pairs, rolls with forming cells in the form of symmetrical half-shapes of future briquettes and a loading hopper-distributor, configured to vertically feed the briquette mixture into the hopper and, further, into the zone of the angle of capture briquette mixture by rolls (I. D. Remeslennikov “Briquetting of coal”, Kharkov: Ugletekhizdat, 1957, p. 187).

Closest to the proposed one is a roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials containing drive, mounted opposite to each other in pairs, rolls with forming cells in the form of symmetrical semiforms of future briquettes and a vertical loading hopper-distributor containing vertically, coaxially and with a small a gap relative to the walls of the housing of the hopper, a screw feeder, and, fixed at the top of the hopper and at an angle to the vertical axis of the hopper, we process the pipe for feeding material, the axial screw of the feeder is directed into the area of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by rolls. At the same time, the outlet of the hopper-distributor is located above the rolls with the possibility of vertical feeding of the briquette mixture into the zone of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by the rolls and filling the roll cells with it (USSR author's certificate No. 1397309, V30V 11/18, 23.05.88.).

A common drawback of the identified analogue and the closest to the proposed roll presses is that such roll presses allow to obtain high-quality briquettes small in size with a weight of 60 to 80 g. From our practice: with a mesh size of 55 × 44 × 16 mm and the diameter of the roll band 637 mm high-quality briquettes when briquetting a mixture of fine-grained coal waste with pitch binder have dimensions 55 × 44 × 34 mm with a weight of 65 to 70 g. This weight restriction of briquettes is due to the peculiarity of roller presses, which consists in limiting the value possible angle of capture of the briquette mixture, which are small and range from 7 to 12 °, as well as in limiting the compaction coefficient, which is from 1.4 to 1.6 (I. D. Remeslennikov “Briquetting of coal”, Kharkov: Ugletekhizdat, 1957, p.194). The increase in the weight of finished briquettes in the identified roller presses by simply increasing the size of the cells does not allow to obtain briquettes with high consumer qualities. When using molding bandages with cells of a larger size than those accepted for known roller presses, the gripping angles of the rolls do not provide for gripping the briquette mixture in an amount that provides pressing pressure for the formation of dense, durable briquettes. In this case, the briquettes are either not formed at all, or the finished briquettes are loose, fragile, unusable. The inability to increase the weight of the finished briquette reduces the performance of the identified known roll presses.

It is known that due to the polydispersity and heterogeneity of the material of the briquette mixture, the stresses of plastic deformations during pressing are distributed unevenly. The forces of mechanical adhesion, molecular bonds do not allow particles to be distributed evenly throughout the volume in the briquette, which contributes to the formation of voids with a gaseous medium enclosed in them - the quality of the briquette deteriorates, its strength, weight decreases, and productivity decreases. In addition, it is known that in order to completely and uniformly fill the cells and obtain briquettes with increased density, the briquette mixture must be fed into the capture zone with some excess. In the closest in the proposed roll press (USSR author's certificate No. 1397309, V30V 11/18, 05.23.88.), The conditions for gripping the briquette mixture are improved by preliminary compaction with a screw feeder. However, a disadvantage of the known device is that it has a screw feeder installed vertically, and the briquette mixture is supplied in the upper part of the hopper at an angle to the screw. As a result, in the well-known press, the main function of the screw feeder is to feed the briquette mixture, and the prepress function is secondary, which practically does not increase the amount of briquette mixture captured by the forming cells. In addition, the supply of the briquette mixture into the hopper-distributor at an angle directly to the auger doses and limits the amount of briquette mixture entering the hopper, which worsens the conditions for feeding the briquette mixture into the capture zone with a slight excess. Moreover, since the briquette mixture is a plastic mass, its particles inevitably adhere to the surface of the screw, which causes overgrowth of the screw over time. This leads to an increasing loss of the initial bulk density, worsens the conditions for the briquette mixture to be captured by the forming elements, reduces the density and weight of the finished briquettes, and reduces the consumer qualities of the finished briquettes and the performance of the press.

Thus, from the foregoing, it follows that the analogue and the closest to the proposed roller presses for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials revealed during a patent search do not allow achieving a technical result consisting in improving the consumer qualities of finished briquettes and in increasing productivity, due to the possibility improving the conditions of capture by the forming elements of the briquette mixture and due to the possibility of increasing the weight of the finished briquettes.

However, in practice there is a need for large briquettes, weighing from 500 to 1000 g, with high consumer qualities for use in iron foundries and slag cupolas, shaft furnaces of non-ferrous metallurgy and other industries.

The proposed roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials, solves the problem of creating an appropriate roller press, the implementation of which allows to achieve a technical result consisting in improving the consumer qualities of finished briquettes and in increasing productivity, due to the possibility of improving the conditions for the capture of forming elements of the briquette mixture and due to the possibility of increasing weight of finished briquettes.

The essence of the claimed utility model lies in the fact that in the roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials, containing counter-rotating in opposite pairs, drive rolls with forming cells in the form of symmetrical half-shapes of future briquettes and a loading hopper-distributor with a screw feeder, an axial screw which is directed into the zone of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by rolls, while the outlet of the hopper-distributor is located above the rolls with the possibility of vertical feed the briquette mixture in the area of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture with rolls and fill the cells of the rolls, it is new that the loading hopper-distributor is configured to vertically feed the briquette mixture into the hopper, and the feeder screw is located at the bottom of the hopper-distributor laterally and obliquely in the immediate vicinity from the rolls. In addition, the hopper is made expandable in the upper part

The technical result is achieved as follows. It is known that the performance of the roll press is determined by the formula: Q = 0.00006 × g × m × n _B , m / hour,

where: g is the weight of the briquette, g; m is the number of cells in one band; n _B is the number of revolutions of the rolls per minute.

The formula shows that you can increase the performance of the rolls either by increasing the number of forming cells or by reducing the speed of rotation of the rolls, or by increasing the weight of the briquette.

You can increase the number of cells either by increasing the diameter of the bandages or by increasing their width while maintaining the diameter. However, as practice shows, an increase in the diameter of the roll bandages at the same number of roll revolutions does not change the duration of compression and elastic expansion of the briquette mixture, but leads to an increase in peripheral speed and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the bulk density in the cell, to a decrease in the weight of the briquette, to lower consumer qualities of finished briquettes and, as a result, to a decrease in productivity.

The increase in the width of the bandage makes it difficult to evenly distribute the mixture over the cells, which also leads to the above consequences (I. D. Remeslennikov “Briquetting of coal”, Kharkov: Ugletekhizdat, 1957, p.194).

Theoretically, it is possible to increase the amount of bulk in the forming cells of roll presses by reducing the speed of rotation of the rolls. However, it is ambiguous that the consumer qualities of briquettes will be high, since they directly depend on the composition of the briquette mixture and the amount of binder. In addition, with a decrease in the speed of rotation of the rolls, the productivity of the press decreases.

In the proposed roll press, the claimed technical result: improving the consumer qualities of finished briquettes and increasing productivity, due to the possibility of improving the conditions for the capture of forming briquettes by the forming elements and due to the possibility of increasing the weight of the finished briquettes, is achieved by improving the conditions of capture by the forming elements of the briquettes due to the regulated organized supply pre-compacted briquette mixture in the area of the angle of capture by rolls, as well as by reducing the loss of bulk oil s due to the build-up to the auger.

Set against each other in pairs, rotating counterclockwise, drive rolls with forming cells in the form of symmetrical half-shapes of future briquettes provide the ability to pressure treat the prepared briquette mixture and obtain briquettes, i.e. ensure the operability of the device, and, therefore, the achievement of the claimed technical result. The presence of forming cells on the surface of the rolls allows you to get briquettes of the desired shape and quality. The implementation of the forming cells in the form of symmetrical semiforms of future briquettes (i.e., the shape of the cell corresponds to the shape of a semibrick and each forming cell on one roll corresponds to a symmetric cell identical to it on the second roll) ensures that the rolls rotate along the edges of the symmetrical semiforms along the perimeter to form a closed cell . As a result, compression under pressure by the captured briquette mixture cell and molding of the briquette are ensured. The execution of the outlet hole of the hopper-distributor located above the rolls with the possibility of vertical feeding of the briquette mixture into the area of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by the rolls and filling the roll cells with it allows the briquette mixture to be fed from above into the space between the rollers and uniformly filling the forming cells with it, which improves the conditions for gripping the briquette mixture rolls, increases the density of finished briquettes, provides improved consumer qualities of molded briquettes and increased productivity of roll essa.

The loading hopper-distributor with a screw feeder provides the possibility of directional feed of the briquette mixture directly into the area of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by rolls. Placing the screw feeder in the lower part of the hopper on the side and obliquely in the immediate vicinity of the rolls near the exit zone of the briquette mixture to the rolls allows you to control the movement of the briquette mixture directly in the lower part of the hopper and to regulate its supply to the capture zone by the rolls, providing a supply of briquette mixture with some excess and thereby improving the conditions for the capture by the rolls of the briquette mixture. In addition, the placement of the screw feeder in the lower part of the hopper on the side and obliquely in the immediate vicinity of the rolls allows us to exclude working elements from the internal volume of the hopper and maximize the use of the volume for loading the briquette mixture, which also makes it possible to supply the briquette mixture in excess between rolls. As a result of feeding with an excess of briquette mixture into the space between the rollers, the conditions for gripping the briquette mixture by the forming elements of the rollers are improved, which increases the density of the briquettes, increases their weight, improves consumer qualities and increases the productivity of the press.

Moreover, the proposed placement of the screw feeder removes restrictions on the shape of the loading hopper-distributor and allows it to expand expanding in the upper part with the possibility of vertical feeding of the briquette mixture into the hopper. The ability to vertically feed the briquette mixture into the hopper removes restrictions on the amount of briquette mixture fed, depending on the operating mode of the screw feeder, in contrast to the prototype. In addition, the implementation of the hopper expanding in the upper part and with the possibility of vertical feeding of the briquette mixture into the hopper provides, in turn, the ability to feed the briquette mixture by gravity into the area of the angle of capture of the rolls under the action of the gravity of the bulk mass above the layers of the briquette mixture, while , the execution of the hopper expanding in the upper part increases the total mass of the briquette mixture, flowing down by gravity down to the area of the angle of capture of its rolls. All this also provides the supply of excess briquette mixture into the space between the rollers, improves the conditions for capture of the briquette mixture by the forming cells and reduces the dependence of the quality of finished briquettes on the angle of capture by the rollers of the briquette mixture, increases the density of briquettes, increases their weight, improves their consumer qualities and increases productivity press.

From the above it follows that in the claimed roller press, the briquette mixture is fed into the space between the rollers by gravity, under the pressure of the upper layers of the briquette mixture on the lower ones, as well as under the action of a screw feeder. As a result, the conditions for supplying the briquette mixture in excess are improved. At the same time, the conditions for the capture of the briquette mixture by the rolls are improved, since the supply of the briquette mixture with a certain excess is provided, this reduces the dependence of the quality of the finished briquettes on the angle of capture of the rolls, contributes to a uniform and more dense filling of the roll forming cells with it, and, therefore, increases the pressure inside the cells at the time of pressing. As a result, the density of the finished briquettes increases, and, consequently, their weight, the consumer qualities of the finished briquettes improve, and the productivity of the press increases, including due to the possibility of increasing the weight of the finished briquettes.

The declared placement of the screw feeder in the lower part of the hopper-distributor on the side and obliquely in the immediate vicinity of the rolls reduces the sticking activity of the briquette mixture on the screw while moving it to the outlet of the hopper. This is due to the fact that when the location of the screw feeder is announced, the particles of the briquette mixture, despite its viscosity, always try to slide off the surface of the screw under its own weight, while moving under the influence of its rotation to the outlet of the distribution hopper. Moreover, each subsequent portion of the briquette mixture squeezes the previous one, preventing the briquette mixture from lingering on the screw. As a result, the sticking activity of the briquette mixture to the screw is reduced. The ability to reduce the loss of the briquette mixture due to the sticking of the briquette mixture on the surface of the screw pre-presser and because the surface of the screw is overgrown with the briquette mixture reduces the loss of the briquette mixture, as a result of which the productivity of the declared roller press increases and the density, weight and consumer qualities of the finished briquettes increase.

It is known that the pressing pressure depends on the elastic properties of the briquetted mixture and increases with increasing density of the material and its bulk density in the forming cell. The preliminary compaction of the bulk mass increases the pressure in the forming cells, which makes it possible to obtain durable briquettes with increased density and, as a result, with increased weight and consumer qualities. In the claimed roll press, due to the fact that the loading hopper-distributor is configured to vertically feed the briquette mixture into the hopper, the briquette mixture accumulates when loading in the lower part of the hopper. In this case, the briquette mixture is compacted in the lower part of the hopper under the action of its own weight. The latter also contributes to the implementation of the distribution hopper expanding in the upper part, which increases the total mass of the briquette mixture in the hopper, contributing to an even greater compaction of the lower layers. In addition, unlike the prototype, the screw feeder is located directly in the bulk mass, which allows it, thanks to its inherent functional capabilities, namely: compaction of the product interacting with the screw in the process of its promotion, to purposefully move the briquette mixture into the capture zone of the briquette mixture rollers, while carrying out its compaction.

As a result, in the declared roller press, the pre-compacted briquette mixture is fed into the space between the rollers firstly, due to its own weight, since the loading hopper-distributor is made expandable in the upper part with the possibility of vertical feeding of the briquette mixture into the hopper; secondly, due to the property inherent in the screw, namely: compaction of the product interacting with the screw in the process of moving it forward. As a result, in the declared roller press, the degree of compaction of the briquette mixture is significantly higher compared to the prototype. This improves the conditions for the capture of the briquette mass by the rolls, increasing the amount of briquetted bulk material fed into the space between the rollers. As a result, due to the increased degree of pre-compaction, it is possible to feed the briquette mixture into the gripping zone of the compacted and with some excess, which contributes to the complete and uniform filling of the forming cells and the creation of pressure in them, which ensures the production of briquettes with increased density and, as a result, with increased mass, which increases the consumer qualities of briquettes made on the press and the productivity of the declared roll press.

From the above it follows that in the claimed roller press, the briquette mixture is pre-compacted, firstly, under the influence of its own weight, due to the loading hopper-distributor with the possibility of vertical feeding of the briquette mixture into the hopper and expanding in the upper part; and secondly, under the action of a screw feeder located directly in the bulk mass of the briquette mixture. As a result, the degree of preliminary compaction of the briquette mixture is increased, compared with the prototype. In addition, since the feeder screw is located at the bottom of the hopper-distributor on the side in the immediate vicinity of the rolls, while the axial screw is directed towards the zone of capture angle of the charge by the rollers, this allows the directional movement of the charge towards the zone of capture angle, thereby accelerating, thereby , the rate of precipitation of the mixture from the hopper, moreover, compacted. As a result, in the claimed press, the briquette mixture enters the zone of the angle of capture by rolls by gravity, due to the vertical supply of the briquette mixture to the hopper, expanding in the upper part, and under the action of a screw feeder, which increases the efficiency of forced injection of the briquette mixture into the zone of its capture by rollers and improves briquette mixture capture conditions. As a result, the dependence of the consumer qualities of the finished briquettes on the angle of capture of the press rolls decreases, so that the amount of bulk material fed into the space between the rolls increases and the briquette mixture is fed to the rolls in excess, in quantities sufficient to achieve the pressing pressure necessary to obtain briquettes with increased density and, as a result, with increased weight, with high consumer qualities: smooth surface, uniformity, strength. Moreover, since the consumer qualities of the briquette are ensured by increasing the density of the briquette mixture, this eliminates the possibility of the formation of voids inside the briquette, increases its strength, improves the surface quality, and increases the mass. Placing the feeder screw in the lower part of the distribution hopper on the side in the immediate vicinity of the rolls, moreover, the axial screw is directed towards the zone of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by the rolls, reduces the loss of the bulk of the briquette due to sticking to the screw.

Thus, from the above it follows that the claimed roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials in the implementation allows to achieve a technical result consisting in improving the consumer qualities of the finished briquettes and in increasing productivity, due to the possibility of improving the conditions for the capture of forming elements of the briquette mixture and due to the possibility weight increase of finished briquettes.

The figure schematically shows the claimed roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials.

The inventive roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials contains mounted opposite each other, rotating counter, drive rolls 1 with forming cells 2 in the form of symmetrical half-shapes of future briquettes; a vertical loading hopper-distributor 3 with a screw feeder 4. The loading hopper-distributor 3 is made expandable in the upper part with the possibility of vertical feeding of the briquette mixture into the hopper. The outlet of the hopper-distributor 3 (not shown, there may be several, across the width of the roll, for uniform supply of briquette mixture) are located above the rolls 1 with the possibility of vertical supply of briquette mixture to the area 5 of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by rolls 1 and filling with it the forming cells 2 rolls 1. The screw 6 of the feeder 4 is located in the lower part of the distribution hopper 3 laterally and obliquely in the immediate vicinity of the rolls 1, while the axial screw 6 is directed into the zone 5 of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by the rolls 1.

Rolls 1 are identical. The rolls 1 are mounted against each other in pairs with the possibility of counter rotation and contain a drum 7 on which a bandage 8 is put on, on the side surface of which, for example, by milling, the forming cells 2 are made in the form of symmetrical half-shapes of future briquettes. The forming cells 2 on the bandages 8 of the rolls 1 are arranged in such a way that when the rolls 1 rotate, the edges of the symmetrical semiforms of future briquettes coincide along the perimeter with the formation of a closed cell.

In the claimed press, depending on the width of the press roll, a single or multi-row screw device with an adjustable electric drive can be used. As a control device, a frequency converter can be used.

The operating mode of the screw feeder can be controlled programmatically, depending on the properties of the briquetted mixture.

The claimed roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials works as follows. Pressing on the roller press occurs continuously, in the space between the rotating rolls 1. The rolls are brought into rotation 1. The briquette mixture prepared for pressing (mixture of the pressed material with the binder) is fed into the vertical loading hopper-distributor 3, which vertically falls into the hopper 3, accumulates in its lower part above the screw 6 of the screw feeder 4 and is compacted under the weight of its own weight, as well as a result of a fall. The screw 6 of the feeder 4 picks up the pre-compacted briquette mixture and moves it to the outlet of the hopper 3, while simultaneously additionally sealing it. As a result, from the outlet of the hopper-distributor 3, the briquette mixture, previously compacted under the action of its own weight and under the action of the screw, is fed into the space between the rollers 1 and fills the forming cells 2 of the rollers 1, which come together during rotation of the rollers 1, thereby compressing briquette mixture. Below the line centers of the rolls 1, the forming cells 2 diverge and the compressed briquettes due to the elasticity property and fall out of the cells under the action of gravity.

Example. The briquette mixture consisted of 91% coke breeze (coke breeze, particle size up to 10 mm) and 9% powder lignosulfonate.

Initially, the briquetting of the mixture was performed on a roller press of the UBM type without a screw feeder with a loading hopper-distributor made expandable in the upper part and with the possibility of vertical feeding of the briquette mixture into the hopper, with a diameter of roll bandages of 640 mm and a width of 140 mm. Bandages had cells with a size of 55 × 44 × 16 mm. The speed of rotation of the rolls 6 rpm

Got high-quality briquettes small in size, namely, with a weight of 60 to 80 g.

Then, bandages with an initial mesh size of 55 × 44 × 16 mm were replaced with bandages with cells of 130 × 96 × 30 mm. The diameter and width of the bandages remained the same. On the same roller press without a screw feeder with cells 130 × 96 × 30 mm, they received very weak, loose, unfit for industrial use briquettes weighing from 450 to 480 g.

After that, the roller press with cells 130 × 96 × 30 mm was equipped with a screw feeder with a screw diameter of 135 mm and a rotation speed of up to 70 rpm. The feeder auger was placed at the bottom of the distribution hopper on the side and obliquely in the immediate vicinity of the rolls in accordance with the claimed claims.

Repeated receiving briquettes. As a result, we received an experimental batch of briquettes in an amount of 5 tons. The briquettes had high strength, high-quality surface and weight in the range from 750 to 800 g. The size of the briquettes was 130 × 96 × 64 (press cells 130 × 96 × 30 mm).

The resulting briquettes have been successfully tested in mineral wool cupolas as substitutes for large (over 60 mm) coke.

The productivity of the roll press modified in accordance with the claims of the claimed invention when switching to the production of large briquettes increased by 2.8 times with a decrease in specific energy consumption for briquetting by 2.5 times.

Claims (2)

1. Roller press for briquetting polydisperse bulk materials, containing installed opposite each other in pairs, rotating counter drive rolls with forming cells in the form of symmetrical semiforms of future briquettes and a loading hopper with a screw feeder, the axial screw of which is directed to the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by rolls wherein the outlet of the hopper-distributor is located above the rollers for the vertical feed of the briquette mixture into the area of the angle of capture of the briquette mixture by the rollers and filling its cells rollers, characterized in that the hopper-way valve is adapted to supply to it a vertical briquette mixture and the screw feeder disposed in the lower part of the hopper-side distributor and obliquely in close proximity to the rolls. 2. The roller press according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper-distributor is made expandable in the upper part.