RU100102U1 - KIT OF WOODEN PARTS, VERTICALLY INSTALLED WOODEN PARTS, HORIZONTALLY INSTALLED WOODEN PARTS AND WALL - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A set of wooden wall parts containing vertically mounted parts (VD) with longitudinal grooves tapering outward (SPP) and horizontally mounted parts (DG) for installation between them with spikes (RS) expanding at the ends, in which there are SPP and RS on the sides flat cuts (PP) are made at an angle to each other, forming mating surfaces of the reciprocal form. ! 2. The kit according to claim 1, in which the DG are barked logs, four-edged timber or rounded timber. ! 3. The kit according to claim 1, in which the DG for connecting to each other along the length is additionally equipped with a cylindrical and / or trapezoidal groove groove and / or a groove groove with a tongue-and-groove connection. ! 4. The kit according to claim 1, in which the hydraulic cutters for connecting to each other along the length are additionally equipped with flat cuts, while adjacent cuts on one side of the hydraulic cylinder form a longitudinal depression, and on the other side of the hydraulic cylinder form a longitudinal protrusion. ! 5. The kit according to claim 1, in which the ends of the RSh and the inner surface of the SPP is equipped with protrusions and depressions of the mating shape. ! 6. The kit according to claim 5, in which the ends of the RSh have at least two protrusions. ! 7. A kit according to any one of claims 1, 5 or 6, in which the SPP, RSh, PP, the said protrusions and / or the said hollows are made by a chain, circular and / or band saw. ! 8. The kit according to claim 1, in which the angle between adjacent PP is at least 170º, preferably at least 160º, particularly preferably at least 150º. ! 9. A vertically mounted wooden part for mounting a wall by connecting to horizontally mounted wooden parts (DG) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, having at least one

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH USEFUL MODELS ARE

A group of utility models relates to the field of construction, and more specifically to wooden housing construction and to wooden walls with vertical load-bearing elements.

BACKGROUND

Various methods of joining wooden parts used in wooden housing construction are widely known, in particular, joining methods “in the cloud”, “in the claw”, “in shoulder strap”, “in the cut”, “in the dressing”, “in the wood floor”, “in igloo ”,“ in an oval ”,“ in a fence ”,“ in a pole ”and numerous varieties of thorn-groove compounds (see patents and applications BE 1016616 A3, CH 490618 A, DE 19546261 A1, DE 29921825 U1, FR 2456177 A1, FR 2758839 A1, FR 2926572 A1, FR 528621 A, RU 2178483 C2, US 2008134599 A1, US 2009199497 A1, US 4250677 A, US 5577356 A, US 5799452 A, US 6272802 B1 and WO 0194711 A1).

When creating wooden walls containing vertical wooden parts (racks) and horizontal wooden parts stacked on top of each other (usually logs or beams), developers usually strive to achieve the optimal compromise between resource consumption (i.e., the maximum completeness of the use of raw materials with minimal processing costs), the degree isolation from harmful environmental factors (cold, moisture, noise, wind), strength, and durability of products. Moreover, it is known that, as a rule, with an increase in the degree of processing and the amount of waste, these indicators deteriorate compared to natural raw materials. Therefore, it is still relevant to create simple to manufacture and economically raw wall structures.

Known wooden wall, consisting of vertical parts having longitudinal grooves with an arrow-shaped cross-section, and horizontal parts stacked on each other between them, the ends of which are equipped with arrow-shaped spikes of the reciprocal shape, wound in these grooves (Belgian patent No. BE 1016616). With this method of joining wooden parts, the possibility of opening is virtually eliminated, however, swept spikes and grooves cannot be made without milling, and the spikes have low strength and durability due to the low ratio of cross-sectional area to length.

A wooden wall is known, consisting of vertical parts with longitudinal grooves tapering outward, and horizontal prismatic shaped parts stacked between them with expanding spikes wound into said grooves (published German application No. 29921825). Since the plane of joints in a known wall is perpendicular to the plane of the wall itself, the joints of wooden parts are characterized by high backlash and permeability to harmful environmental factors. In addition, for the manufacture of parts, it is necessary to file logs on a four-edged beam along the entire length, which leads to high resource consumption.

A wooden wall is known, consisting of vertical parts with longitudinal grooves tapering outward and horizontal parts stacked on top of each other with expanding spikes at the ends that are brought into the said grooves, the joints being located in a plane perpendicular to the wall plane (published US Patent Application No. 2008/0134599 A1). The joints of the known walls have high permeability and high backlash of parts in horizontal planes.

A wooden wall is known, containing vertical parts with wide prismatic grooves and tapering outward grooves on the inside of said prismatic grooves, and horizontal prismatic shaped parts stacked on top of each other with expanding protrusions at the ends that are inserted into said longitudinal groove, and said protrusions are brought in into said tapering groove (patent for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2178483, mentioned above). The well-known wall is characterized by high resource consumption, increased demands on the accuracy of processing the ends (all ends must be precisely adjusted to the width of the prismatic groove), as well as the complexity of the connection nodes (unhindered access of the cutting planes of the chain, circular and / or band saw into the depths of the grooves).

Thus, the known solutions are characterized either by high resource intensity and complexity of manufacturing technology, or by high backlash of parts in the horizontal plane.

DISCLOSURE OF USEFUL MODELS

For definiteness, the following meanings are given to the terms and expressions used in the present context, as well as their derivational and grammatical equivalents. Wooden part - any part made of a natural tree trunk, including a barked log, a rounded log or timber. A spike is a protruding element of a wooden part intended to be connected to another wooden part. Nagel - a wooden block or rod, the ends of which are inserted with an interference fit into the holes of the wooden parts to be joined. The key is a structurally isolated connecting element designed to connect wooden parts to each other. The remaining terms and expressions have the usual meaning known to those skilled in the art.

The objectives of this utility model is to create a set of wooden parts for the construction of wooden walls, the production of which is characterized by low waste and low energy consumption, irregularly shaped logs with a large difference in the diameters of the crown and butt are suitable for manufacture, and the joints between the parts have low permeability, small backlash crowns, high reliability and durability. The objective of this utility model is also the creation of technological prerequisites for the industrial continuous production of all wooden wall parts according to this utility model.

The above technical problem is solved due to the fact that in the set of wooden wall parts (the first utility model) containing vertically mounted parts (VD) with longitudinal grooves tapering outward (SPP) and horizontally mounted parts (DG) for installation between them with spikes expanding at the ends (RS), on the sides of the SPP and RS at an angle to each other made flat cuts (PP), forming the mating surfaces of the reciprocal form.

Tapering outward longitudinal grooves and expanding longitudinal tenons serve to connect horizontal and vertical parts to each other. The presence of the aforementioned connecting surfaces formed by the planes of saw cuts does not allow the ends of the HD to stagger in the horizontal plane and reduces the permeability of the joints to harmful environmental factors. A feature of the proposed design is that it is not necessary to process the entire surface of natural logs and logs with large deviations from the ideal shape are suitable as raw materials, it will be enough to erect a wooden wall if only the saw cut surfaces, and not the entire surface of the parts, are made with the required accuracy .

Any sawn timber having a sufficient thickness for the formation of the aforementioned grooves and spikes can be used as HD.

In a private form of execution, the DGs are barked logs, a four-edged beam or a rounded beam.

When laying in vertical rows, HD can be interconnected by known types of joints, which are usually used to connect logs to each other (see, for example, GOST 30974-2002 "Typical profiles and crown grooves of log elements of a log house").

In one particular embodiment, the DGs for connecting to each other along the length are additionally provided with a cylindrical and / or trapezoidal groove groove and / or a groove groove with a tongue-and-groove connection.

In yet another particular embodiment, the DGs for connecting to each other along the length are additionally equipped with flat cuts, while adjacent cuts on one side of the DG form a longitudinal depression, and on the other hand, the DG forms a longitudinal protrusion. This type of connection as a whole provides the same strength of the joint of the HD along the length and at the same time allows you to process raw materials without the use of sophisticated equipment and technologies.

In another particular form of execution, the ends of the RSh and the inner surface of the SPP are provided with protrusions and depressions of the reciprocal form. In other words, in this particular embodiment, the widest part of the surface of the tenon and groove has a zigzag cross section, which can further increase the degree of insulation of the joints.

In a particular embodiment, the ends of the RSh have at least two protrusions.

One of the main advantages of the proposed type of joints is that all wooden parts can be made from natural raw materials without the use of complex technologies of woodworking (milling).

In one particular embodiment of SPP, RSh, PP, said protrusions and / or said depressions are made by a chain, circular and / or band saw. In this case, the direction and depth of sawing are selected so that the chain, circular and / or band saw has the ability to make all the necessary cuts in a given projection, which allows the most efficient use of the material.

In yet another particular embodiment, the angle between adjacent PPs is at least 170 degrees, preferably at least 160 degrees, particularly preferably at least 150 degrees. With an increase in the angle between adjacent PPs, the strength and degree of isolation of the joints increases, however, the thickness and bearing capacity of the vertical parts, respectively, decreases, therefore, the optimal angle between the PPs may depend on the thickness of the HD.

The aforementioned technical problem is also solved due to the fact that in a vertically mounted wooden part (second utility model) for wall mounting by connecting to the aforementioned horizontally mounted wooden parts having at least one longitudinally tapering outward groove (SPP) for connecting to the said HD , on different sides of the SPP made flat longitudinal cuts (PP), forming a mating surface, made with the possibility of a tight fit to the mating surfaces response No form in the mentioned State Duma.

In a particular embodiment, said groove is made by means of a chain, circular and / or band saw.

In one particular embodiment, the angle between the PPs is at least 170 degrees, preferably at least 160 degrees, particularly preferably at least 150 degrees.

In yet another particular embodiment, at least two SPPs are used to connect the main assemblies laid at an angle to each other in vertical rows.

In another particular embodiment, at least two NGNs are used for connecting to the main assembly laid in essentially parallel vertical rows.

The above technical problems are also solved due to the fact that a horizontally mounted wooden part (third utility model) for wall mounting by connecting with the aforementioned vertically mounted wooden parts (VD) having an end with a spike (RS) expanding at the end for connection with VD, from different of the sides from the RS at an angle to the longitudinal axis there are made flat transverse cuts (PP), forming the mating surfaces, made with the possibility of tightly adjoining the mating surfaces to the mating surfaces s in WA.

In a particular embodiment, a horizontal part is obtained by debarking a natural log, sawing a natural log into a four-edged beam or rounding the beam.

In one particular embodiment, for joining with other parts, cylindrical and / or trapezoidal grooves and / or crown grooves with a tongue-and-groove connection are made in the part.

The above tasks are also solved due to the fact that the wall (fourth utility model) is erected by connecting the aforementioned vertically and horizontally mounted wooden parts (VD and DG).

In a particular embodiment, the hydraulic assemblies are additionally interconnected in a vertical row by means of pins installed in the plane of the said row.

In one particular embodiment, DGs are additionally interconnected by means of dovetail dowels.

The technical result of the aforementioned group of utility models is that without the use of complex woodworking technologies (except for sawing with a chain, circular and / or band saw), when connecting vertical and horizontal parts, high strength of joints, low backlash of parts at the joints and low permeability of joints are ensured to harmful environmental factors.

As indicated above, the technical result is achieved in particular due to the fact that, in contrast to the known analogues, the joints between the horizontal and vertical wooden parts are formed by the flat surfaces of the saw cuts made at an angle to each other. This embodiment provides additional fixation and does not allow the ends of the horizontal parts to stagger to the sides when there is play between the spike and the groove. In addition, due to the limited mobility of the ends of the horizontal parts to the sides, the tenon does not require high tensile strength to shear loads, which allows to reduce the tenon size in comparison with analogues.

You must understand that utility models are characterized only by such signs that are sufficient to achieve a technical result; special mention of all the features of utility models without exception is not required if specialists know that products of the same kind should have such features and without them the main purpose cannot be realized, all the more it is not necessary to limit the generalized features to any specific options, if they are known to specialists, can be selected according to well-known rules and / or disclosed in this text.

It should be understood that utility models may possess all or only some of the features of the above particular and / or preferred forms of execution, provided that such features are compatible with each other.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The figure 1 shows a section of the connection node of wooden parts, in which the angle between the planes of the saw cuts of the vertically mounted parts is more than 180 degrees.

Figure 2 above and below shows a General view of the junction of the wooden parts.

The figure 3 shows a section of the connection of a vertically mounted wooden part and a horizontally mounted wooden part, the angle between the saw planes of the vertically mounted part is less than 180 degrees.

Figure 4 and 5 shows a General view of the junction of wooden parts, in which the angle between the planes of the saws vertically mounted parts is less than 180 degrees.

IMPLEMENTATION OF USEFUL MODELS

The following examples are given only to illustrate the general concept of a utility model. Nothing in this section of the description should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be clear that the average specialist familiar with the general concept of this utility model can use its main distinguishing features and / or make equivalent replacements to achieve the task and without deviating from the spirit and scope of the concept.

Vertical and horizontal parts are cut out with a chain or circular saw from a barked log in accordance with the selected section contour. Vertical wooden parts are installed in the design position with precise alignment of the grooves vertically and fixed. The ends of the horizontal parts bait into the opposite grooves of the vertical parts from above and lower, trying to maintain a horizontal level to avoid jamming.

Any changes and / or modifications of the utility model associated with the addition of the above set of its essential features without changing the achieved result or with their replacement with known equivalents, as well as any additional applications, fall under the scope of legal protection defined by the formula below.

Claims (19)

1. A set of wooden wall parts containing vertically mounted parts (VD) with longitudinal grooves tapering outward (SPP) and horizontally mounted parts (DG) for installation between them with spikes (RS) expanding at the ends, in which there are SPP and RS on the sides flat cuts (PP) are made at an angle to each other, forming mating surfaces of the reciprocal form. 2. The kit according to claim 1, in which the DG are barked logs, four-edged timber or rounded timber. 3. The kit according to claim 1, in which the DG for connecting to each other along the length is additionally equipped with a cylindrical and / or trapezoidal groove groove and / or a groove groove with a tongue-and-groove connection. 4. The kit according to claim 1, in which the hydraulic cutters for connecting to each other along the length are additionally equipped with flat cuts, while adjacent cuts on one side of the hydraulic cylinder form a longitudinal depression, and on the other side of the hydraulic cylinder form a longitudinal protrusion. 5. The kit according to claim 1, in which the ends of the RSh and the inner surface of the SPP is equipped with protrusions and depressions of the mating shape. 6. The kit according to claim 5, in which the ends of the RSh have at least two protrusions. 7. A kit according to any one of claims 1, 5 or 6, in which the SPP, RSh, PP, the said protrusions and / or the said hollows are made by a chain, circular and / or band saw. 8. The kit according to claim 1, in which the angle between adjacent PP is at least 170º, preferably at least 160º, particularly preferably at least 150º. 9. A vertically mounted wooden part for mounting a wall by connecting to horizontally mounted wooden parts (DG) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, having at least one longitudinally tapering longitudinal groove (SPP) for connection with the aforementioned DG, on different sides of which flat longitudinal cuts (PP) are made, forming the mating surfaces, made with the possibility of tight contact with the mating surfaces of the reciprocal form in the mentioned GD. 10. The item according to claim 9, in which said groove is made by means of a chain, circular and / or band saw. 11. The item according to claim 9, in which the angle between the PP is at least 170º, preferably at least 160º, particularly preferably at least 150º. 12. The item according to claim 9, containing at least two SPP for connecting HD, laid at an angle to each other in vertical rows. 13. The item of claim 8, containing at least two SPP, for connection with the main assembly, stacked, essentially parallel vertical rows. 14. A horizontally mounted wooden part for wall mounting by connecting with vertically mounted wooden parts (VD) according to any one of claims 1, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13, having an end with a spike (RS) expanding at the end for connection with the VD , from different sides from which, at an angle to the longitudinal axis, planar transverse cuts (PP) are made, forming mating surfaces made with the possibility of tight contact with mating surfaces of the reciprocal shape in the VD. 15. The item of claim 14, obtained by debarking a natural log, sawing a natural log into a four-edged beam or cylindrical logs. 16. The item of claim 14, wherein for connecting to other parts, cylindrical and / or trapezoidal grooved grooves and / or crown grooves with a tongue-and-groove connection are made. 17. The wall obtained by connecting vertically mounted wooden parts (VD) according to any one of claims 1, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 with horizontally mounted wooden parts (DG) according to any one of claims 1 or 14, 15 or 16 . 18. The wall according to 17, in which the DG are additionally interconnected in a vertical row by means of pins installed in the plane of the said row. 19. The wall according to 17, in which the DG are additionally interconnected by means of keys such as "dovetail".