RO132314A0 - Modular precast metallic balconies applicable to buildings and process for making the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to modular precast metallic balconies applicable to buildings and to a process for making the same. According to the invention, the balcony is made as a modular precast metallic structure which is attached to a construction (1) by means of some clamping elements (2), the metallic rings (3) are fixed and clamped to the vertical elements (4), in pairs, by means of a metallic plate (6) and some threaded bolts (5) positioned and secured by nuts (7), onto the bolts (5), supporting the piece with recesses (8), clamped onto the bracket (10), the balcony platform (9) being placed thereon, as well as the vertical posts (11) and the handrail (12). The process for making the balconies, as claimed, consists in: marking the position of the vertical elements and the position of the holes wherein the chemical anchors are to be mounted, cutting the said holes, removing impurities therefrom, injecting the chemical anchor substance, and, after the anchor reaches the minimum resistance, bringing the vertical elements in position, fixing them onto the building wall by introducing the rods into the orifices existing on the surface of the metallic rings, welded onto the vertical elements, mounting the piping for collecting rain water and the piping for the condensation water from air-conditioning apparatuses or installations (AC), mounting the vertical elements, placing the supporting beams and mounting the platform together with the metallic elements of securing role.

Description

Prefabricated, modular metal balconies, applicable to buildings and construction process

Specification of the technical field to which the invention refers anyway. BY «TAT P« FLRU WVSNTM Ml MARCI Patent application

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Date of filing

The prefabricated metal balconies applicable to the existing buildings, according to the invention, refer to a prefabricated metal structure, applied to the existing constructions, lacking platforms in the console bearing the name of balconies and is intended to improve the quality of life in the rural or urban environment, giving the occupants an area with more natural light and access to an outdoor space; The invention also includes a process for making it.

Presentation of the state of the art

In the case of the floor constructions, the classic solution for achieving an external extension of the slab (console), executed, in the most common situations, of reinforced concrete, known as a balcony, is known. The classic solution for the construction of the balconies involves the provision by project and the execution of a platform as an intrinsic element of the structure of the construction, that is to say a construction element made of reinforced concrete (console), which comes out with one end outside the resting point, having the role of bear a load on the upper horizontal side. On this console is made during construction, on the construction site, the balcony railing. Concrete boards are the most used at present in civil constructions, they respond best to the technical and economic conditions imposed on the floors in modem civil constructions. (Assist. Ing. Daniel Dan, Assistant Engineer Silviu Secula and Assistant Engineer Luminița Fekete-Nagy, Civil Constructions. Design Elements, Politehnica Publishing House, Timisoara, 2001). According to the research, the plates in the console are plates recessed on one side and free on the other sides, at which the resistance armature is arranged perpendicular to the recessed side.

This solution for balconies presents as disadvantages:

a) heavy weight of reinforced concrete console, which increases the load to which the entire structure of resistance of the building is subjected;

b) the relatively large volume of labor required to execute and finalize the balcony after the construction of the reinforced concrete console;

c) the total duration of relatively high execution and completion, imposed by the need to reinforce the concrete after casting and to achieve the required minimum strength required by standards;

d) reduced possibilities of diversification of the sort-type-dimensions and architectural design of the balconies thus made;

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e) the impossibility of applying it to the existing constructions, because the realization of the reinforced concrete console would involve substantial interventions to the structure of the building's resistance, with labor, costs and unacceptably high execution times.

for the same purpose, there is also known the variant of balconies made of wood materials that enter into the construction of wooden constructions or attached to constructions made of other materials. The structural elements are wooden beams placed at relatively small distances (0.5 -1.00m), with openings up to 5-6 m, usually resting on load-bearing walls of brick, natural stone or other type of masonry - in the case of modem constructions . I can also rest on reinforced concrete beams or other structural elements of wood (massive beams, frames - the case of wooden constructions). The simplest structure for a wooden floor is made up of adjacent cabinets, in which the cabinets play a double role: element of strength and filling. (*** Structures for construction - the structural role and basic principles, 2011)

This solution for balconies presents as disadvantages:

a) reduced capacity to take on tasks, which implies the need for additional resistance elements;

b) the depreciation in time of the resistance characteristics due to the drying of the wood material from the structure of the balcony;

c) the short life span in the situations of deficient or incomplete maintenance regarding the periodic treatments necessary to eliminate or diminish the effects of the destructive action of the microorganisms (caries, fungi, bacteria, molds);

d) relatively demanding maintenance from the point of view of antimicrobial treatments and coverage with protective films against external environment factors.

Presentation of the technical problem that the applicant has proposed to solve the invention

The problem solved by the invention is to create an additional exterior or interior space (open or closed balcony), which will help to improve the performance of the existing building and the quality of life, as well as to increase the value of the building.

The product of modular prefabricated metal balcony applicable to buildings, according to the invention, removes the disadvantages mentioned above by the fact that, in order to create balconies for existing constructions, which do not have on one or more vertical external surfaces balconies or loggias, it is prefabricated from metallic materials. and can be applied to practically any type of building, without any intervention to the structure of the building's resistance because the useful horizontal platform of the balcony is part of the prefabricated assembly of the balcony.

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Exposure of the invention, as claimed

Prefabricated metal balconies, modular, applicable to buildings, refer to a prefabricated platform, executed from the metallic structure, composed of the system of fixing and fixing the wall of the existing building, as well as the components of perimeter closures, with security role.

Due to the fact that the balconies are always located at a certain height compared to the ± 0.00 share of the building, any balcony is provided with a protective railing made from a wide range of construction materials. Regarding the platform or the console of the balcony, it is made in the most common situations of reinforced concrete, but it can also be made of metallic structure, wood materials or glass.

Prefabricated metal balconies, modular, applicable to buildings, are structures added to the existing construction, which allow users access to a platform, protected perimeter by a railing.

The application of prefabricated, modular metal balconies, applicable to buildings that do not have these structures, offers benefits both inside and outside the construction. From the point of view of the interior, the extra space creates an area with more light and more ventilated. Also, the attachment of the prefabricated balconies offers occupants, access to a private outdoor space, which is often limited in the case of tall buildings, located in crowded locations.

From an architectural point of view, buildings with prefabricated, modular metal balconies, applicable to them, can bring an architectural signature to the buildings, compared to the constructions lacking these extensions.

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From the point of view of resistance, the proposed structural solution for the prefabricated, modular metal balcony, applicable to buildings is made up of a console type element made of metal structure and vertical elements placed on the wall of the building, executed from the U or I profile, or another type. usually hot rolled, carbon steel, fastened by means of fasteners in the floor area and in the wall area, as well as additional fasteners, made from chemical anchors. The way of fixing the platform to the surfaces of the vertical elements consists of a fast fixing system but with adequate safety elements.

This clamping and fastening system allows for easy mounting of the console of the vertical elements mounted on the wall surface as well as a significant reduction of the total weight of the structure, as well as of the additional load to which it is subjected, due to the elimination of the additional elements necessary to ensure the support. and the stability of the console.

Prefabricated, modular metal balconies, applicable to buildings, lacking on one or more vertical external surfaces of balconies or loggias, are constituted as a prefabricated, modular metal structure, being made from a balcony platform, supported by five beams from the metal structure / brackets, vertical metal elements mounted on the surface of the wall by means of the fasteners, the metal ears and the metal plate, and a beam fastening system with fasteners composed of threaded holes positioned and secured with the nuts, through which the platform is fixed on the vertical profiles mounted on the wall of the building, and their attachment is secured by means of the fixing system.

The procedure for the realization of the prefabricated, modular metal balconies, applicable to the buildings, the stages of installation are, in the case of non-enveloped buildings:

a. the position of the vertical elements and the position of the holes in which the chemical anchors are to be mounted are drawn on the wall;

b. holes are made for the placement of chemical anchors, respecting the indications regarding the diameter and the depth of the hole;

c. the impurities holes are cleaned with the help of the air blower;

d. the holes are cleaned with a brush;

e. blow the air holes again to remove the remaining dust particles;

f. the substance is injected into the holes made according to the specifications, and the material depends on the support layer;

g. the metallic rod is introduced, in circular movements, contrary to those which are clockwise and the minimum time is expected depending on the type of anchor;

h. after the anchor has reached the minimum resistors, the vertical elements are brought into position and fixed to the wall of the building by inserting the rods into the existing holes on the surface of the metallic elements, welded to the vertical elements;

i. the pipe for the collection of rainwater and the pipe for the AC are installed;

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j. after mounting the vertical elements, the support elements for the platform are positioned and mounted, between the vertical elements already mounted;

k. after the installation of the safety system, the prefabricated platform with all the components is brought into position with the crane and inserted into the elements mounted on the surface of the profiles;

l. after the platform is mounted, the rest of the metal elements with the role of securing the platform are also brought and mounted to position.

m. after all the elements have been fitted, all the connections of the assembly are checked.

Presentation of the advantages of the invention

The invention has the following advantages:

makes it possible to create balconies at existing buildings, thus obtaining, for the occupants of the interior spaces of the buildings, significant beneficial effects on the quality of life and the comfort of occupying the spaces, while increasing the market value and the use value of the respective buildings;

due to the structural integrity, the modular prefabricated metal balcony applied to the buildings, transmits to the building the tasks brought about by the weight of the assembly and by the external loads, through the vertical elements, which determines that the proposed structure can be included in the category of partially self-supporting structures;

the prefabrication of the assembly of the new type of balcony and of the systems necessary for the assembly ensures the product great flexibility under various conditions and specific requirements generated by the great diversity of existing buildings, the product being practically applicable in all possible situations;

due to the clamping methods used, the prefabricated, modular metal balcony applied to buildings allows simple installation, requires short installation times and ensures high positioning accuracy on the wall of the building;

it offers high reliability and low maintenance and maintenance costs;

being a completely prefabricated product, there are the necessary conditions to ensure the quality of the execution, for the sort-type-dimensional diversification and the design of the assembled balconies;

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05/07/2017 due to the clamping methods used, the loads transmitted to the building, through the vertical elements, are incomparably smaller compared to other clamping modes, which causes a dissipation of the efforts on the entire surface of the mounted vertical elements and the diminution of the efforts in the area. we support the platform;

it is a method that allows in economical version to obtain typical, modular products (depending on the desired opening), verified and certified, for which the location approvals will be obtained more easily;

it is an economical constructive method, the total costs being lower even compared to the existing variants, due to the prefabrication and rapid assembly scheme.

The positive effects of the prefabricated metal balconies applicable to the existing buildings on the occupants of the interior spaces of the buildings that have balconies are:

easy access to a space outside the building, outdoors;

the possibility of refreshing the air from the interior spaces with fresh air from the outside;

widening the visual perspective to the outside of the building;

extension of the interior space delimited by the exterior walls of the building;

more natural lighting of the interior space;

consequently increasing the quality of housing and comfort for the occupants.

Brief presentation of the figures in the drawings

The following is an example of an embodiment of the invention, in connection with Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 which represent:

Fig. 1 - Front (a) and side (b) views of the modular prefabricated metal balcony assembly applicable to buildings and clamping systems in the floor and wall area, the clamping detail (b) and the clamping detail (c);

Fig. 2 - Explanation for the fastening and fastening system: a - Details of the fastening system in the floor area; b and c - Sections A-A and B-B; d - Details of the clamping system in the wall area; e - Section C-C.

fig 3 - Explanatory for the constructive variant in which the platform of the balcony is fixed by the vertical elements by means of metal plates and threaded holes.

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Μ fig. 4- Explanatory for the constructive variant in which the console is fixed by the vertical elements by means of a hanging system of the holes mounted on the surface of the vertical elements, system provided with locking pieces at the lower box against the movements on the verical.

Fig. 5 - Explanation of alternative embodiments: a - schematic system of fixing the plate with screws; b - the console diagram from the profiles;

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Detailed presentation of at least one embodiment of the invention

According to the invention, at construction 1, by means of fasteners 2, the fastening ears 3, fastened to the vertical elements 4, fastened to each two by means of a metal plate 6 and threaded holes 5, positioned and secured with nuts 7, are fastened. on the threaded holes 5, supporting the piece with recesses 8, attached to the console 10, on these being arranged the platform of the balcony 9, the vertical mountains 11 and the railing 12.

The piece with openings 8 has at the ends two openings of radius equal to or greater than the radius of the threaded holes 5, openings with an angle of 180 degrees and located asymmetrically so as to ensure the compression efforts on the lower box 5 and traction on the upper threaded box 5, in order to ensure the safety in operation being provided space f.

Before attaching the console 10 to a wall of the construction, the vertical profiles 4, made of the metallic structure, are placed and fixed on the wall of the building, with the height H, by means of the clamping elements 2 and the metal elements 3, placed according to the dimensions 2a. + b if 2a + 2b.

The platform of the balcony 9 can be prefabricated with different dimensions of I, stepped and typified, according to requirements, supplementing (where appropriate) the number of vertical elements 4, the number of structural elements of the console, as well as the number of the other supporting elements, so that the different constructive variants to be adapted to the position and the load and in order not to alter the integrity of the space in the balcony.

Figure 1-b shows a side view of the prefabricated, modular metal balcony, applicable to buildings, composed of the platform of the balcony 9, the console 10, the piece with openings'8, the vertical elements 4, as well as a structure with a design and aesthetic purpose, made up from a set of vertical mountains 11 and protection railing 12, of height h. The platform of the balcony 9 is composed of structural elements, mounted respecting the distance D and the console 10, made up of the layers that make up the floor, which vary according to the architectural style of the building. and the balcony. The floor of the console can be made of various building materials, which can be used also for floors resistant to adverse weather conditions outdoors.

Figure 1-c illustrates the clamping system 8, applied to the tops of the wall of the console 10, fixed by the vertical elements 4, with the help of the threaded holes 5 and of the plate in the metal structure 6, positioned and provided with the nuts 7. To supplement the resistance of the system fastening and safety in operation of the platform, mounting rods with nuts at the ends 13.

Figure 2 illustrates the attachment detail of the vertical elements 4 of the wall surface, in the slab area. To secure the stability of the vertical elements 4, in the slab area, the fastening elements 2 and the metal ears 3, are thickened, respecting the dimension of the dimensions a, b and c. To mount the console 10, on the vertical elements 4, place two threaded bolts 5 , which respects the distance of a + b between them, positioned and secured with nuts 7.

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In figure 2-c it represents a section through the vertical elements 4, which presents the fastening system with threaded holes 5, positioned and secured with nuts 7.

In the figure 2-d the section is represented by the vertical elements 4, which are fixed by the wall surface, by means of the fastening elements 2 and the fastening ears 3.

Figure 2-d shows a view of the clamping element in the wall area. The vertical profiles 4, are fixed on the wall surface by means of the fastening elements 2 and the metal elements 3, positioned respecting the dimensions a and a + 2b.

In figure 2-e the section is represented by the vertical elements 4, which are fixed by the surface of the wall, by means of the fastening elements 2 and the fastening ears 3.

. The prefabricated, modular metal balcony applicable to buildings can be made in several constructive variants besides the one presented, as follows:

In another constructive embodiment, according to Figure 3, the beams of the platforms have at the ends oriented towards the wall, a plate with two holes, which are moved on the vertical elements by means of the threaded holes and the screws with nuts. When mounting, bring the platform to position and insert the holes through the existing holes, so that the platform is fixed by the vertical elements. In order to avoid the phenomenon of overburdening (taking the same degrees of freedom of two elements of the same type) caused by the difference of distance between the axis of the box and the axis of the hole, the lower box is made in the milled version, to take any possible distance error. This will prevent the rotation and reduce the duration of the platform assembly.

In another constructive variant, according to Figure 4, the balcony console is made of welded boards with the advantage of obtaining a special architectural form, including on the beam structure of equal strength. The console has a variable profile so that at the supports it transmits the bending moment by torque to two bolts caught in the vertical rails anchored to the walls. The consoles are fastened with locking pieces to the lower box that secure the balcony against the vertical movements.

Another constructive accomplishment, according to Figure 5, the way of catching and fixing the platform of the vertical elements, consisted of mounting a plate, welded to the head of the console oriented to the wall of the building, with the role of supporting the platform, made of the metallic structure. The welded metal plate, is fixed on the vertical elements, made from hot rolled profiles, using the threaded screws.

In another constructive variant, according to Figure 5-b, the console is provided at the end with a metal plate clamped (welded), which in turn is mounted on the surface of the vertical elements by fixing with screws and nuts. In this case, the clamping and fixing system, between the platform and the vertical elements, is composed of a metal plate welded to the head of each beam and supported by the vertical elements by means of screws.

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In the case of the prefabricated, modular metal balcony, applicable to non-enveloped buildings, the installation steps are:

1. the position of the vertical elements and the position of the holes in which the chemical anchors are to be mounted are drawn on the wall;

2. the holes for the placement of the chemical anchors are realized, respecting the indications regarding the diameter and the depth of the hole;

3. clean the holes of the impurities with the help of the air blower;

4. the holes are cleaned with a brush;

5. blast the holes again with air to remove the remaining dust particles;

6. the substance is injected into the holes made according to the specifications, and the material depends on the support layer;

7. the metallic rod is introduced, by circular movements, contrary to the ones that are clockwise and the minimum time is expected depending on the type of anchor;

8. after the anchor has reached the minimum resistors, the vertical elements are brought into position and fixed to the wall of the building by inserting the rods into the existing holes on the surface of the metallic elements, welded to the vertical elements;

9. the tubing for rainwater collection and the AC piping are mounted;

10. after mounting the vertical elements, the support elements for the platform are positioned and mounted between the vertical elements already mounted;

11. after mounting the safety system, with the crane, the prefabricated platform on the ground with all components is brought into position and inserted into the elements mounted on the surface of the profiles;

12. After the platform is mounted, the rest of the metal elements with the role of securing the platform are also brought and mounted to position.

13. After mounting all the elements, check all the connections of the assembly.

In the case of the enveloped buildings, after tracing the position of the vertical elements, the polystyrene is cut and the surface is thoroughly cleaned of impurities. Also, clearing elements, called spacers, metallic elements with non-structural role will be fitted to ensure the product design outside the polystyrene / façade level.

In another constructive variant, in which the connection between the vertical profiles, mounted on the surface of the walls, and the platform of the balcony, is made with the help of welded metal plates at the head of the console, fixed on the vertical elements by means of threaded holes, the description of the assembly steps is as follows. :

1. the position of the vertical elements and the position of the holes in which the chemical anchors are to be mounted are drawn on the wall;

2. the holes for the placement of the chemical anchors are realized, respecting the indications regarding the diameter and the depth of the hole;

3. the impurity holes are cleaned with the help of the air blower;

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4. the holes are cleaned with a brush;

5. blast the holes again with air to remove the remaining dust particles;

6. the substance is injected into the holes made according to the specifications, and the material depends on the support layer;

7. the metallic rod is introduced, by circular movements, contrary to the ones that are clockwise and the minimum time is expected depending on the type of anchor;

8. after the anchor has reached the minimum resistances, the vertical elements are brought into position and fixed to the wall of the building by inserting the rods into the existing holes on the surface of the metal elements, welded to the vertical elements;

9. the tubing for rainwater collection and the AC piping are mounted;

10. after mounting the vertical elements, bring the position, with the crane, the console together with the balcony platform prefabricated to the ground, insert it into the gap between the pillars and fasten with bolts and nuts the vertical elements mounted on the wall surface;

11. After the platform is mounted, the rest of the metallic elements with the role of securing the platform are brought and mounted to position.

12. After all the elements are assembled, check all the connections of the assembly.

In another constructive variant, in which the connection between the vertical profiles, mounted on the surface of the walls and the console composed of welded plates / boards with variable profile, which are trapped in the vertical rails placed on the vertical elements anchored on the surface of the wall, the description of the assembly steps is following:

1. the position of the vertical elements and the position of the holes in which the chemical anchors are to be mounted are drawn on the wall;

2. the holes for the placement of the chemical anchors are realized, respecting the indications regarding the diameter and the depth of the hole;

3. the impurity holes are cleaned with the help of the air blower;

4. the holes are cleaned with a brush;

5. blast the holes again with air to remove the remaining dust particles;

6. the substance is injected into the holes made according to the specifications, and the material depends on the support layer;

7. the metallic rod is introduced, by circular movements, contrary to the ones that are clockwise and the minimum time is expected depending on the type of anchor;

8. after the anchor has reached the minimum resistances, the vertical elements are brought into position and fixed to the wall of the building by inserting the rods into the existing holes on the surface of the metal elements, welded to the vertical elements;

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9. the tubing for rainwater collection and the AC piping are mounted;

10. after mounting the vertical elements, bring the position, the console and the platform of the balcony prefabricated to the ground and cling to the bolts mounted on the vertical elements mounted in turn on the wall surface;

11. after the installation of the console and the platform of the balcony, the clamping system is secured with a locking piece located at the bottom box, with a role in diminishing the vertical movements;

12. After the platform is mounted, the rest of the metal elements with the role of securing the platform are also brought and mounted to position.

13. After mounting all the elements, check all the connections of the assembly.

Claims (7)

1. Prefabricated, modular metal balcony, applicable to buildings, lacking on one or more vertical exterior surfaces of balconies or loggias, in order for these constructions to benefit from the favorable effects of the balconies on the occupants of the interior spaces, effects that lead to the increase of the quality of the dwelling and of the physical and mental comfort of the occupants, characterized in that they are constituted as a prefabricated, modular metal structure, being made from a platform (9) of the balcony, supported by five beams from the metal structure / consoles, (10), metallic elements vertical (4) mounted on the surface of the wall (1) by means of the fasteners (2), the metal ears (3) and the metal plate (6),) and a beam fastening system (10) is provided with fastening (8) composed of threaded holes (5) positioned and secured with nuts (7), through which the platform is fixed on the vertical profiles (4) mounted on p the edges of the building, and their attachment is secured by means of the fastening system (13). 2. Modular prefabricated metal balcony applicable to buildings, according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire assembly, including all the fastening and fastening elements on the exterior wall of the existing building, is entirely prefabricated in an execution unit. 3. Procedure for the construction of prefabricated, modular metal balconies, applicable to buildings, characterized by the fact that in the case of non-enveloped buildings, the installation stages are: n. the position of the vertical elements and the position of the holes in which the chemical anchors are to be mounted are drawn on the wall; o. holes are made for the placement of chemical anchors, respecting the indications regarding the diameter and depth of the hole; p. the holes of the impurities are cleaned with the help of the air blower; q. the holes are cleaned with a brush; r. blow the air holes again to remove the remaining dust particles; s. the substance is injected into the holes made according to the specifications, and the material depends on the support layer; t. the metallic rod is introduced, by circular movements, contrary to the ones that are clockwise and the minimum time is expected depending on the type of anchor; u. after the anchor has reached the minimum resistors, the vertical elements are brought into position and fixed to the wall of the building by inserting the rods into the existing holes on the top of the metal elements, welded to the vertical elements; v. the pipes for rainwater collection and the AC pipes are mounted; w. after mounting the vertical elements, the support elements for the platform are positioned and mounted, between the vertical elements already mounted; to 2017 00449 07/05/2017 z x. after the installation of the safety system, the prefabricated platform with all the components is brought into position with the crane and inserted into the elements mounted on the surface of the profiles; y. After the platform is mounted, the rest of the metal elements with the role of securing the platform are also brought and mounted to position. z. after mounting all the elements, check all the connections of the assembly. 4. Method for making prefabricated, modular metal balconies, applicable to buildings, according to claim 3, characterized in that in the case of enveloped buildings, the installation steps are modified as follows: after tracing the position of the vertical elements, the polystyrene is cut and the surface is cleaned. well of impurities, and then, clearing elements, called distances, metallic elements with a non-structural role will be installed to ensure the product design outside the polystyrene / façade level. 5. Method for making prefabricated, modular metal balconies, applicable to buildings, according to claim 3, characterized in that in another constructive variant, in which the connection between the vertical profiles, mounted on the surface of the walls, and the platform of the balcony, is realized with the help of of metal plates welded to the head of the console, fastened to the vertical elements by means of threaded bolts, positioned and secured with nuts, the description of the assembly steps is as follows: a. the position of the vertical elements and the position of the holes in which the chemical anchors are to be mounted are drawn on the wall; b. the holes for the placement of the chemical anchors are made, respecting the indications regarding the diameter and the depth of the hole; c. the impurities holes are cleaned with the help of the air blower; d. the holes are cleaned with a brush; e. blow the air holes again to remove the remaining dust particles; f. the substance is injected into the holes made according to the specifications, and the material depends on the support layer; g. the metallic rod is introduced, in circular movements, contrary to those which are clockwise and the minimum time is expected depending on the type of anchor; h. after the anchor has reached the minimum resistances, the vertical elements are brought into position and fixed to the wall of the building by inserting the rods into the existing holes on the top of the metal elements, welded to the vertical elements; i. the pipe for the collection of rainwater and the pipe for the AC are installed; to 2017 00449 07/05/2017 j. after mounting the vertical elements, bring to the position, with the crane, the prefabricated platform on the ground with all the components and secure it with the threaded holes by the vertical elements mounted on the wall surface; k. After the platform is mounted, the rest of the metal elements with the role of securing the platform are also brought and mounted to position. l. After all the elements have been assembled, all the connections of the assembly are checked 6. Prefabricated, modular metal balconies applicable to buildings, according to claim 1, characterized in that, in another constructive variant, the console is made of welded plates / boards with variable profile, so that at the supports it transmits the bending moment by torque to two bolts caught in the vertical rails anchored to the walls. In order to secure the console and the platform of the balcony against the vertical movements, the lower box is secured with locking parts. 7. Modular prefabricated metal balconies applicable to buildings, according to claim 1, characterized in that, in another construction, the console is provided at the end with a metal plate attached by welding, which in turn is mounted on the surface of the vertical elements by fixing. with threaded screws and nuts, in this case, the clamping and fixing system, between the platform and the vertical elements, being composed of a metal plate fastened to the head of each beam and supported by the vertical elements by means of screws.