RO127304A2

RO127304A2 - Integrated house building system

Info

Publication number: RO127304A2
Application number: ROA201001008A
Authority: RO
Inventors: Ştefan Radu; Nicolae Chiran
Original assignee: Ştefan Radu; Chirian Nicolae
Priority date: 2010-10-25
Filing date: 2010-10-25
Publication date: 2012-04-30

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for building houses by making them integrally of prefabricated elements. The house made according to the system of the invention comprises some pillars (A) embedded into the bodies of a foundation, joined by some longitudinal and cross beams (B and C), respectively, levelled within a framework or overlapped, on which there is placed a ceiling (D) on which and below which there are closed some rooms confined by some walls (E) and a roof made of some panels (F and F') on a roof framing or an arched frame.

Description

Invenția prezintă un sistem de edifocare a locuințelor folosit la realizarea integrala a locuințelor din componente prefabricate pentru formarea structurii de rezistenta si a structurii de compartimentare funcționala.The invention presents a system of house edifocation used to complete the housing of prefabricated components for forming the resistance structure and the functional compartmentalization structure.

Se cunosc diferite moduri de edificare a locuințelor care reflecta nivelul de dezvoltare a munităților si a mijloacelor ajutătoare de ridicare a componentelor ca si de cunoaștere a materialelor si metodelor de construit. Modul de realizare a locuințelor se definește prin speci ticul metodelor si materialelor felosite pentru rigidizare si compartimetare. Lasand in urma improvizațiile suspendate in copaci si pe pari sau cele din peșteri si sapate in pamant, binecunoscutele bordeie, se mai realizează in ca locuințe din materiale si cu metode primitive ca vălătuci, chir pici,paianta, piatra de rau sau de sol si chiar baloturi de paie, se ajunge la moduri mai evoluate de ridicare a locuințelor prin folosirea integrala a betonului armat, san numai la structuri de nristenta, iar pentru structurile de compartimentare BCA, lemn natural sau statificat, ori combinații de beton ,vata minerala si placi izolante.There are known different ways of building homes that reflect the level of development of the munitions and of the auxiliary means of lifting the components as well as of knowledge of the materials and methods to build. The mode of housing construction is defined by the specific methods and materials used for stiffening and compartmentalization. Leaving behind the improvisations suspended in trees and in pairs or those in caves and dug in the ground, the well-known bordeaux, are still made in dwellings of materials and with primitive methods such as sawdust, rattlesnakes, gleaming stones, bad stones or soil and even straw bales, are reached to more advanced ways of lifting the houses by the integral use of reinforced concrete, breast only at christmas structures, and for BCA compartmentalization structures, natural or stabilized wood, or combinations of concrete, mineral wool and insulating boards .

Pentru reducerea greutății construcției prin ușurarea componentelor si optimizarea coieficientului de tranfer termic “K”se folosesc cărămizi cu goluri produse de diferite firme..To reduce the weight of the construction by lightening the components and optimizing the coefficient of thermal transfer "K", bricks with holes produced by different companies are used.

Se cunosc metode moderne de folosire a componentelor prefabricate, la realizarea laturilor de încăpere din panour componente de perete formate din straturi de materiale izolante utilizate ca laturi de cofrag remanant pe miez de beton prezente pe piața. Pentru completarea si rigidizarea structurii compartimentate realizabila prin sfructura de rezistenta se folosesc cadre din beton armat si mai rar diferite tipuri de stâlpi, grinzi si componentnte de plafon si acoperiș pe schelet ( șarpanta). Stâlpii si grinzile se realizează din lemn, beton armat sau profile metalice in special din otel unite prin îmbinări clasice. Prntru construcțiile primitive stâlpii se fixeaza in solul bine pregătit, iar la cele evoluate in casete sau cadre de fundații din beton armat.There are known modern methods of using the prefabricated components, when making the room sides from the panel wall components formed from layers of insulating materials used as sides of the formwork remaining on the concrete core present on the market. In order to complete and reinforce the compartmentalized structure achievable by the resistance structure, reinforced concrete frames are used, and rarely different types of pillars, beams and ceiling and roof components on the frame (frame). The pillars and beams are made of wood, reinforced concrete or metal profiles, especially steel joined by classical joints. For the primitive constructions the pillars are fixed in the well prepared soil, and to those developed in boxes or frames of reinforced concrete foundations.

Neajunsurile actualelor moduri de realizare a locuințelor constau in faptul ca sunt proiec tate pentru edificare singulara a locuinței si ca nu toate componentele sunt prefabricate^The shortcomings of the present ways of making the dwellings consist in the fact that they are designed for the single building of the dwelling and that not all the components are prefabricated ^

Α-2010-01008-2 5 -1U- ΖϋΐϋΑ-2010-01008-2 5 -1U- Ζϋΐϋ

fiind proiectate tehnologic nu sunt compatibile cu industrializarea maximala pentru ca sa se poata lucra la loturi mari de locuințe simultan, forțele de munca reduse acționând pe un front mic de lucru cu productivitate scăzută. In plus, avand o secțiune plina, fara goluri, plafoanele si pereții nu au o buna izolație termica si fonica, consumul de beton este riuicat, iar crestarile la îmbinările clasice din lemn dau secțiuni critice. Ritmul distrugerilor provocate de calamitati fiind mai mare decât ritmul de refacere acutizeaza si cronicizeaza criza de locuințe.being technologically designed they are not compatible with the maximum industrialization so that one can work on large batches of housing simultaneously, the reduced labor force acting on a small front of work with low productivity. In addition, having a full section, without gaps, the ceilings and walls do not have good thermal and sound insulation, the consumption of concrete is ruined, and the ridges at the classic wooden joints give critical sections. The rate of damage caused by calamities being higher than the rate of recovery exacerbates and chronicles the housing crisis.

Problema tehnica pe care o rezolva invenția este ca forma constructiva a componentelor permite industrializarea maximala a producerii lor.The technical problem that the invention solves is that the constructive form of the components allows the maximum industrialization of their production.

Sistemul integrat de edificare a locuințelor conform invenției elimina dezavantajele de mai sus prin aceea ca printr-o concepție unitara de obținere a formei constuctive proiectarea devine tehnologica care permite după o pregătire specifica sa se realizeze componente optimimizate printr-o industrilizare maximala care prin participarea a cat mai multe unitati de producție cu cat mai multe forte de munca sa se creeze un front larg de lucru prin atacarea de loturi mari de locuințe de unde sa rezulte o productivitate a muncii crescută.The integrated system of housing construction according to the invention eliminates the above disadvantages by the fact that, through a unitary conception of obtaining the constitutive form, the design becomes the technology that allows after a specific preparation to achieve components optimized by a maximum industrialization which by the participation of more production units with more labor force to create a broad front of work by attacking large batches of housing resulting in increased labor productivity.

Proiectarea tehnologica tinde sa confere componentelor următoarele cerințe:The technological design tends to confer the following requirements to the components:

- Stâlpii au secțiunea patrata si se pot realiza din lemn cu corpul masiv sau compus,beton armat si profîle metalice goale in special din otel;- The pillars have the square section and can be made of wood with solid or composite body, reinforced concrete and bare metal profiles, especially steel;

-Grinzile au secțiune patrata goala din 4 elemente de latura si o nervure centrala cu dimenmensiunile necesare unei rezistente sporite si sunt pregătite pentru îmbinare speciala cu stâlpii;- The beams have a hollow square section with 4 side elements and a central rib with the dimensions required for increased strength and are prepared for special jointing with pillars;

- Toate componentele stâlpi, grinzi,de plafon ,perete si acoperiș au aceeași grosime;- All the pillar, beam, ceiling, wall and roof components have the same thickness;

- Toate componentele sunt reținute pe orizontala si pe verticala prin rigle (“nut si feder”) si- All components are retained horizontally and vertically by rulers ("nut and feder") and

- au strat izolant din construcție;- have insulation layer in the construction;

-Păriourile deplafon se realizează din beton armat,iar cele d£ pereteIfei acoperiș dintr-o gama larga de maieriale ușor procurabile in zona;, iar pentru creșterea confortului lă nivelul de sus prin folosirea boitei platimea panourilor se face in arc de cerc;- The partitions of the ceiling are made of reinforced concrete, and those of the wallIfei roof from a wide range of materials easily obtainable in the area; and for the increase of the comfort to the upper level by using the box, the flatness of the panels is made in a circle arch;

-Pe limitatoarele de înălțime aplicate pe stâlpii corect poziționați pe toata înălțimea cons* tructiei după caz se aseaza, fie cadrul de grinzi nivelate,fie grinzile longitudinale pe care se suprapun grizile transversale intre care se aseaza panourile de plafon; Se fixeaza limitatoarele de înălțime ale primului nivel pe laturile stâlpilor cu riglele de reținere; Se închide nivelulde jos prin completarea laturiloe cu panourile de perete; se aseaza alt rând de grinzi si se repeta ciclul cu alt nivel superior care poate fi acoperișul.- By the height limiters applied to the pillars correctly positioned throughout the height of the construction as the case may be, either the leveled beam frame or the longitudinal beams on which the transverse beams overlap between which the ceiling panels are placed; The height limiters of the first level are fixed on the sides of the posts with the restraint bars; The lower level is closed by filling the sides with the wall panels; place another row of beams and repeat the cycle with another upper level which may be the roof.

-Prin aplicarea invenției se obțin următoarele avantaje:-The following advantages are obtained by applying the invention:

-Se lărgește frontul de lucru prin participarea unităților de prefă bricare; r / ' Γ —Se scurteaa termnul de refacere prin angrenarea demai multe forte de munca; -Creste calitatea lucrărilor printr-un control mai atent ^‘2010-01008-2 5 -IU- *010- The work front is widened by the participation of prefabrication units; r / 'Γ - The term of restoration was shortened by engaging too many labor forces; - Increases the quality of the works through more careful control ^ '2010-01008-2 5 -IU- * 010

-Se reduce consumul specific de beton;-- Reduce the specific consumption of concrete; -

- Creste rezistenta la solicitări combinate;- Increases resistance to combined requests;

Ceste gradul de izolare termica si fonica;The degree of thermal and sound insulation;

-Permite adaptarea unor sisteme noi de încălzire;- Allows the adaptation of new heating systems;

-Se reduce prețul de cost al locuinței prin atacarea de loturi de ease simultan;- Reduce the cost price of housing by attacking lots of facilities simultaneously;

- Se ecologizeaza locul de edificare a construcției;- The building construction site is greened;

-Izolarea se realizează in cadrul construcției componentelor.- The insulation is realized within the construction of the components.

-Pentru a face posibila o cooperare lărgită a tuturor factorilor pentru proiectarea de se-To make possible a broad cooperation of all the factors for designing itself

rie toate componentele de la perimetrul construcției si de la fundație pana la acoperiș sunt tipizte si codificate, sunt prefabricate in unitati specializatesi si sunt montate de echipe specializate ajutate de localnici In acest scop s-a conceput un “Centralizator Codificat de Tipizare denumit “CECOTIP”. Simbol urile componentelor sunt următoarele:all the components from the perimeter of the construction and from the foundation to the roof are typical and coded, are prefabricated in specialized units and are assembled by specialized teams assisted by the locals. For this purpose, a "Codified Typization Centralizer" was designed called "CECOTIP". The component symbols are as follows:

Aria si laturile platoului de pe sol se noteaza cu; Ae = Le x lo in care sunt cuprinse com -ponentele de fundație cu latura ,adancimea si grosimea a platoului.;The area and sides of the plateau on the ground are noted with; Ae = Le x lo in which are included the foundation components with the side, the depth and the thickness of the plate;

Laturile exterioare ale locuinței sunt notate cu A=Lx l;The exterior sides of the house are denoted by A = Lx l;

- Stâlpii amplasați in nodurile de intersecție a pereților se noteaza cu Ai, A2, A3,A4;dupanumarul laturilor ce se continua cu pereți; Stâlpii laterali seurti au urmaroarelw swctiuni:- The pillars located at the intersecting nodes of the walls are noted with Ai, A2, A3, A4; The lateral side pillars have the following options:

- Cei din punctele 1,3,7, si 9 au secțiunea de tip”A2”, iar cei din punctele 2 si 8 de tip A3;- The ones from points 1,3,7, and 9 have the section "type A2", and those from points 2 and 8 type A3;

-Stâlpii inalti din planul coamei din punctele 4 si 6 au secțiunea de tip A3 iar cel central din punctul 5 are secțiunea de tip A4;- The tall pillars in the ridge plane of points 4 and 6 have the type A3 section and the central one in point 5 has the type A4 section;

- Grinzile de baza ,lomgitudinale se codifica cu Bl, B2. B3.B4.Bn in funcție de cate sunt;- The basic, longitudinal beams are coded with Bl, B2. B3.B4.Bn depending on how many they are;

- Grinzile transversale nivelate la sol in cadru cu cele de baza B sau suprapuse pe acestea se noteaza cu Cl, C2, C3, C4, Cn după cate sunt, iar panourile de plafon cu Dl, D2, D3, D4, Dn.- The transverse beams leveled to the ground in frame with the basic ones B or superimposed on them are noted with Cl, C2, C3, C4, Cn after each, and the ceiling panels with Dl, D2, D3, D4, Dn.

-Panourile de perete se noteaza cu El, E2, E3, E4, En;- The wall panels are marked with He, E2, E3, E4, En;

-încăperile se codifica după numărul pereților exteriori ‘E”si interiori “I: astfel: 2E,I3E, I4E,4E pentru o camera sigura; Panourile pentru acoperișul de șarpanta cu F’l, F’2, E’3, E’n iar cele pentru acoperișul de bolta cu F’l, F’2, E’3, F’4, F’n.- the rooms are coded according to the number of exterior walls "E" and interior "I: thus: 2E, I3E, I4E, 4E for a safe room; The panels for the roof of the roof with F'l, F'2, E'3, E'n and those for the roof of the roof with F'l, F'2, E'3, F'4, F'n.

Latura secțiunii pătrate ale stâlpilor,grinzilor precum si grosimea panourilor de perete, plafon si acoperiș se noteaza cu “a”iar laturile încăperilor la interior se noteaza cu “b” pe lungimea grinzilor longitudinale B si cu”c”pe lungimea grinzilor transversale C, cu “d”se noteaza niște rigle de reținere aplicate pe latura de grosime a panourilor de perete, plafon.si acoperiș “a”(feder), cu “e”se noteaza riglelele de reținere orizontale aplicate pe laturile grinzilor, cu “f” cele verticale aplicate pe latura stâlpilor (nut), iar cu “g” se noteaza grosimile tuturor elementelor de latura,a stâlpilor,grinzilor si a riglelor.The side of the square section of the pillars, beams as well as the thickness of the wall, ceiling and roof panels is noted with "a" and the sides of the rooms inside are noted with "b" on the length of the longitudinal beams B and with "c" on the length of the transverse beams C, with "d" note restraint rules applied to the thickness side of the wall panels, ceiling.and roof "a" (fence), with "e" note the horizontal restraints applied to the sides of the beams, with "f" the vertical ones applied on the side of the pillars (nut), and with "g" the thicknesses of all the elements of the side, of the pillars, beams and bars are noted.

Inaltimea încăperilor se noteaza cu “h”si esta data de limitatoarele “Al” ca elemente laterale ale stâlpilor. Elementelor de completare din interiorul îmbinărilor se noteaza cu “i”si au periThe height of the rooms is noted with "h" and is given by the limiters "Al" as side elements of the pillars. The completion elements inside the joints are marked with "i" and have bristles

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m etrul “j”= a-2g si “k= a-2g. Se da mai jos un exemplu de realizare a locuințelor in legătură planșele “O”si “T”si cu fig. 1-24 care reprezintă:The meter "j" = a-2g and "k = a-2g. Below is an example of housing construction in relation to the "O" and "T" boards and with fig. 1-24 which represents:

-Planșa “O” reda “Centralizatorul Codificat de Tipizare” -“CECOTIP”;- The "O" sheet shows the "Typified Coding Centralization" - "CECOTIP";

-Planșa “T”arata teranul de amplasare codificat;- Plate "T" shows the encoded ground floor;

-Fig, la Stâlpul “A” asamblat si lb,c,d, ariile elementele componente;-Fig, at the "A" pillar assembled and lb, c, d, the areas the component elements;

-Fig. 2a,b,c sectiunilw transversale ale elementelor componente âle stâlpilor,iar 2d,e,f secțiunile transversale ale tipurilor de sralpi pentru cadrul de giiizi nivelet;FIG. 2a, b, c transverse sections of the component elements of the pillars, and 2d, e, f the cross sections of the types of snakes for the framework of leveled guitars;

-Fig. 3a Stâlpul “A” asamblat si 3b,c,d,e,f,g,h elementele componente;FIG. 3a The "A" pillar assembled and 3b, c, d, e, f, g, h the component elements;

-Fig. 4a,b,c Compunerea grinzilor din elemente; 4d,e,f,gdementele componente;FIG. 4a, b, c Beam composition of elements; 4d, e, f, component parts;

-Fig.5â Secțiune longitudinala ,5b secțiune transversala curenta prin platoul de pe sol; cu grinzile de baza su transversale așezate; 5c secțiune longitudinala prin platou si corpul de fundație in planul vertical al laturii stâlpilor îmbinați cu grinzile;-Fig.5â Longitudinal section, 5b current cross-section through the plateau on the ground; with the base beams and transversal seating; 5c longitudinal section through the plate and the foundation body in the vertical plane of the side of the columns joined with the beams;

-Fig.6a Secțiune transversala prin platou si fundație În planul laturii stâlpilor poziționați în corpuri; 6b Vedere in plan:; 6c Secțiune transversala prin platou in planul laturii stâlpilor;-Fig.6a Cross section through the plate and foundation In the plane of the side of the pillars positioned in bodies; 6b See in plan:; 6c Cross-section through the plane in the plane of the side of the pillars;

-Fig.7a Montarea riglelor de reținere orizontale “e”pe grinzi si a celor verticale “f” pe laturile lim\itatoare“Ai” cu inaltimea “h”:7b Vedere in plan;7c Secțiune longitudinala; 7d Formarea secțiunii grinzilor pe laturile stâlpilor.-Fig.7a Mounting the horizontal retention bars "e" on the beams and the vertical ones "f" on the limiting sides "Ai" with the height "h": 7b Plan view; 7c Longitudinal section; 7d Forming the beam section on the sides of the pillars.

-Fig.8a Secțiune longitudinala prin cadrul vertical format din stalpi„grinzile longitudinale si grinda de coama; 8b semi vedere in plan;8c,d,e,f Detalii de îmbinare de colt si de centru;-Fig.8a Longitudinal section through the vertical frame consisting of poles "longitudinal beams and ridge beam; 8b semi plan view; 8c, d, e, f Corner and center joint details;

-Fig 9* Swctiune transversala prin cadrul vertical format din stâlpi si grinzi transversale; -Fig. 9b ,c Fragmente din grinda de coama si dun căpriori; 9d,e,f,g,h Detalii de îmbinare; -Fig.lOa Componente de perete turnat din beton pe cofrag tubular renanent; 10b Component de plafon cu canale de reținere Ia capete turnat din beton armat;-Fig 9 * Transverse drive through the vertical frame formed by transverse columns and beams; FIG. 9b, c Fragments from the ridge beam and dun deer; 9d, e, f, g, h Joining details; -Fig.lOa Components of cast wall of concrete on tubular reinforcement casing; 10b Ceiling component with retaining channels Take cast-iron ends;

Fig.l la Component de'perete format pe schelet de scânduri si profite ondulate de azbociment; Fig 11b Component de perete format din schelet de sipci si vata minerala.Fig. At the Wall Component formed on the skeleton of planks and undulating profits of the asbestos cement; Fig. 11b Wall component made of skeleton and mineral wool.

-Fig.l2a începutul asezarii componwntelor de plafon;Fig.l2b Finalizarea asezarii componentelor de plafon si așezarea componentelor de perere;-Fig.l2a the beginning of the installation of the ceiling components; Fig.l2b The completion of the installation of the ceiling components and the placement of the pear components;

-Fig. 13a Repetarea ciclului la plafonul superior,montarea scării; Fig.l3b începe placarea; -Fig.l3c,d,e,f detalii de u=imbinâri in “T”si de colt;FIG. 13a Repeat the cycle at the upper ceiling, mount the ladder; Fig. 3b begins plating; -Fig.l3c, d, e, f details of u = "T" joints and corner;

-Fig.l4a Aswzarea componentelor de perete si ale plafonului superior; Fig.14 Fragment din plafonul superior pregătit pentru âsezaea șarpantei;-Fig.l4a Lifting the wall components and the upper ceiling; Fig. 14 Fragment from the upper ceiling prepared for the frame of the frame;

-Fig. 15a Șarpanta fixata si componentele de acoperiș; Fig.15 b,c,d,e Detelii de îmbinări; -Fig 16a Secțiune transversalâ a construcție in planul central al stâlpilor si grinzilor; -Fig.l6b,c,d,e,f,g Detalii de îmbinări;FIG. 15a Fixed roof and roof components; Fig. 15 b, c, d, e The details of the joints; -Fig 16a Cross section of the construction in the central plane of the pillars and beams; -Fig.l6b, c, d, e, f, g Details of joints;

-Fig.17 Formarea componentelor de bolta din elemente curbe;-Fig.17 Forming the vault components from curved elements;

-Fig.18 Vedere laterala a boitei cu secțiune parțiala in planul axial;-Fig.18 Side view of the box with partial section in the axial plane;

Λ-2 0 1 0 - 0 1 0 0 8 -- ί/>Λ-2 0 1 0 - 0 1 0 0 8 - ί />

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-Fig.l9a Vedere laterala a unei locuințe P+M;19b secțiune cu vedere spre plafonul de jos; -Fig.20a Vedere frontala P+M cu mansarda; Fig.20b Secțiune la cota de nivel /acoperiș. -Fig 21a Vedere frontala P+B cu bolta;Fig.21b Secțiune in plan la acelas cota pron bolta. -Fig,22 Vedere cu secțiune parțiala laterala a unei locuința P+l+M; Fig.23 Vedere cu secțiune parțiala laterala a unei locuințe H+l +M. -Fig.24 Secțiune axonometrica Scara 1:25 Sistemul integral de edificare a locuințelor conform invenției reprezintă o tehnulogie de construcție si se poate adapta oricărui plan de situație folosind componentele realizate după o proiectare tehnologica si se poate aplica in funcție de stadiul pregătirilor astfel:-Fig.l9a Side view of a P + M housing; 19b section overlooking the lower ceiling; -Fig.20a Front view P + M with attic; Fig.20b Section at the level / roof level. -Fig 21a Front view P + B with vault; Fig.21b Section in plane at the same level pronta vault. -Fig, 22 View with partial partial section of a dwelling P + l + M; Fig. 23 View with partial partial section of a housing H + l + M. -Fig.24 Axonometric section Scale 1:25 The complete housing construction system according to the invention represents a construction technology and can be adapted to any situation plan using the components made after a technological design and can be applied according to the stage of preparations as follows:

Prin execuția componentelor in parale! cu realizarea conxreuctiei la începutul aplicării invenției ysau prin procurarea componentelor prefabricate daca relizarea lor este generalizata pe zone sau pe economie. Ambele stadii de pregătire permit doua moduri de lucru astgel:By executing the components in parallel! with the realization of the co-construction at the beginning of the application of the invention ysau or by purchasing the prefabricated components if their rela- tionship is generalized by areas or economy. Both stages of preparation allow two ways of working:

I) Pentru lucrul individual in regie proprie fara angajarea unei firme specializate.I) For individual work in its own direction without employing a specialized company.

II) Pentru lucrul in echipe de către o firma de construcții exeeutind fiecare component; In ambele cazuri după adoptarea invenției ca mod de edificare a locuinței se trece la a- daptarea invenției ca un plan de operații;II) For teamwork by a construction company executing each component; In both cases after adopting the invention as a way of building the home, the invention is adapted as an operation plan;

-Locuința construibila prin sistemul integral conform tnventiei pe un platou cu dimensiunile aratate anterior este formata dintr-un grup de stâlpi Al-An amplasați in punctele 1-N conform Fig.l încastrați in poziție verticala pe adancimea in niște corpuri de fundație; Pe platou se aseaza niște grinzi longitudinale B si transversale C pe același nivel in cadru sau cele transversale suprapuse pe cele longitudinale care se prind cu capetele pe stâlpi prin niște îmbinări speciale.Stalpii si grinzile au secțiunea patrata cu latura “a”; Lungimea stâlpilor se deduce după Fig.l* cei masginali pana la nivelul plafanului de sus,iar cei lungi centrali pana la o grinda de coama G; Lungimea grinzilor longitudinale este b+l,5^a, iar a celor transversale c+l,5a; Pe cadrul de grinzi nivelate 2(B+C) sau pe grinzile longitudinale B intre grinzile transversale C se aseaza niște componente de plafon D care au capetele fetei inferioare adaptate pentru reținere pe grinzile longitudinale B, iar pe fata superioara pentru reținerea unor componente de perete E ce închid laturile verticale ale incitelor.- The housing buildable by the integral system according to the invention on a plateau with the dimensions shown above is formed by a group of Al-An pillars placed in points 1-N according to Fig.l, placed in a vertical position on the depth in some foundation bodies; On the plateau are placed longitudinal beams B and transverse C on the same level in the frame or the transverse ones superimposed on the longitudinal ones that are fastened with the ends on the pillars through special joints. The poles and beams have the square section with the side "a"; The length of the pillars is deduced according to Fig.l * the marginal ones up to the level of the upper ceiling, and the long central ones up to a ridge beam G; The length of the longitudinal beams is b + l, 5 ^a , and of the transverse beams c + l, 5a; On the level beams 2 (B + C) or on the longitudinal beams B between the transverse beams C, there are some ceiling components D that have the ends of the lower face adapted for restraint on the longitudinal beams B, and on the upper face for retaining some wall components. It's what closes the vertical sides of the incites.

Pe laturile componentelor de perete E se fixeaza niște rigle laterale ce formează o deschidere“d”(feder) in care intra niște rigle de reținere (nut) pe orizontala “e” fixate pegrinzile B si C. Stâlpii a se compun diintr-un corp central A’si niște laturi A”pe care se fixeaza niște rigle de reținere pe verticala”!”; Laturile A”limiteaza inaltimea dintre plafoane “h”.On the sides of the wall components E there are fixed side rails that form an opening "d" (fence) in which some restraint rules (nut) are inserted on the horizontal "e" fixed to the B and C pillars. The pillars are made up of a body central A's and sides A "on which are fixed some vertical restraint rules"! "; The A-sides limit the height between the "h" ceilings.

Grinzile B si C sunt goale si se compun din patru laturi B’sau C' cu o nervura centrala verticala. Pentru realizarea locuințelor P+l si P=2 stâlpii A si grinzile B si C se realizează din lemn, iar pentru mai mult de 2 nivele se pot adapta stâlpi si grinzi din beton armat sau profile metalice goale după o proiectare judicioas a îmbinărilor.Beams B and C are hollow and consist of four sides B's or C 'with a vertical central rib. For the construction of houses P + l and P = 2 posts A and beams B and C are made of wood, and for more than 2 levels can be adapted columns and beams of reinforced concrete or bare metal profiles after a judicious design of the joints.

_Componentele de perete se realizează in lățimi ca submultipli întregi din di_ The wall components are made in widths as whole multiples of di

0,-2 0 1 0 - 0 1 0 0 θ - 2 5 -10- 2010 “b”si ”c”,iar cele de plafon [numai in sunmultipli intregi din lungimea “b”a încăperilor si daca este cazul se completează cu un element de încheiere;0, -2 0 1 0 - 0 1 0 0 θ - 2 5 -10- 2010 "b" and "c", and the ceiling ones [only in whole multiples of the length "b" of the rooms and, if necessary, they are completed with a closing element;

-Locuințele rurale sau de vacanta pot fi realizate cu sau fara parter pe picioare inaite cu dimensiunile aratate mai sus; Elementele de.lemn se voe ignifuga; Pentru realizarea unei locuințe prin aplicarea sistemului integral conform invenției se va proeeda astfel:- The rural or holiday houses can be made with or without ground floor on the first legs with the dimensions shown above; The elements of the wood are to be flame retardant; To make a home by applying the complete system according to the invention, the following will be provided:

- Se întocmesc formele ncesare cerute de reglementările urbanistice;- The necessary forms are drawn up required by the urban regulations;

Se întocmește planul de situație si de ansamblu .The situation and overall plan is drawn up.

-Se întocmește proiectul construcției cu toate detaliile constructive;- The construction project is prepared with all the constructive details;

-Se stabilește necesarul de materiale după dorința beneficiarului si posibilitățile de aprovizionare si existenta lor in zonele apropiate;- Establish the necessary materials according to the beneficiary's desire and the possibilities of supply and their existence in the near areas;

. ^u -Se Înteemeste «·η jurnal de componențe din care rezulta numărul necesar de componente cese folosește la montajul general al construcției si un alt jurnal de elemente ale componentelor care servește la formarea in atelier a componentelor construcției; In paralel si in continuare se procedează la:. ^u - It is understood «· η component log resulting from the required number of components used in the general assembly of the construction and another component element log that serves for the training of the construction components in the workshop; In parallel and then proceed to:

_Trasarea si saparea fundației;_ Drawing and digging the foundation;

- Se aseaza stâlpii incavitatile lor pregătit ca atare si se fixeaza cu ajutorul grinzilor B si C in pozitiie verticala, paralele si la distante corecte;- Place the pillars their recesses prepared as such and fix them with the help of beams B and C in an upright position, parallel and at correct distances;

-Se blochează definitiv prin completarea cu beton;- They are permanently blocked by filling with concrete;

-Se fixeaza in cuie riglele orizontale “e”pe grinzile B si C;- The horizontal bars “e” are fastened in nails on beams B and C;

Se fizeaza in cuie laturile A”cu riglele vericale “f” pentru limitarea înălțimii ^uh”;The sides A ”are fixed in nails with the vertical bars“ f ”to limit the height ^u h”;

Se aseaza elementele de plafon cu riglele “e”;Place the ceiling elements with the "e" rulers;

-Se completează laturile verticale cu componente de perete;-Complete vertical sides with wall components;

-Se începe repetarea ciclului prin montarea componentelor pentru plafonul superior;- Begin the cycle repetition by installing the components for the upper ceiling;

_ Se aseaza cadrul de acoperiș;_ Place the roof frame;

- Se aseaza astereaia pentru tabla,stratul de protecție,placi de azbociment,țigla sau panou ri termoizolante.- Place the asterisks for the sheet, the protective layer, the tiles, the tile or the insulated panels.

-Realizarea locuințelor cu structura de rezistenta din beton armat sau profile metalice goale se face după adaptarea proiectelor la acest mod de edificare.- The realization of the houses with the structure of resistance of reinforced concrete or bare metal profiles is done after the adaptation of the projects to this mode of edification.

-Eficienta sistemului tntegral conform invenției si-ar dovedi o mai pregnanta utilitate la fabricarea centralizata generalizata si anticipata a componentelor cuajutorul centralizatorului “CECOTIP”pentru ca in caz de necesitate sa se treaca direct la montarea componentelor pe loturi mari de locuintein vederea scurtării suferințelor sinistratilOr prin refacerea mai rapida a fondului locativ distrus. 6- The efficiency of the complete system according to the invention would prove to be a more useful utility for the generalized and anticipated centralized manufacturing of the components of the centralizer "CECOTIP", so that in case of necessity it can be passed directly to the assembly of the components on large batches of houses in order to shorten the suffering sufferingsOr faster recovery of the destroyed housing stock. 6

Autori: Proiectant principal TGM Radu Stefai Arhitect coordonator Chiran Nicolaie.Authors: TGM principal designer Radu Stefai Architect coordinator Chiran Nicolaie.

Claims

1) Integral system of house building according to the invention characterized by the fact that the scope of the maximum industrialization of the technology for building the buildings uses fully prefabricated components in specialized units, with the installation on the site of which are made iotts of houses with a high quality and high productivity. ;

2) Integrated system for the building housing according to claim 1, characterized in that to make possible the cooperation unitatilorjn made to create the components in specializate.in units so that they meet the requirements of the installation conditions comprises a Coded Summary CECOTIP ^M ^u deTipizare on the basis of which a component log and one of the elements for training the components of the house are prepared.

3) The wooden building according to claims 1 and 2 characterized by them is composed of poles A embedded in the foundation bodies made according to the classical regulations, joined by some longitudinal beams basic B and some transverse beams C leveled in a frame. , or superimposed on which some ceiling components D are placed and below which the rooms in the dimensions cxb are closed with some wall components E the construction ending with a frame of frame on which the roof components F are placed, or with a frame vault on which the curved wall components F 'are placed, through which the useful surface of the roof enclosure increases.

4) The components of the house according to claim 3, characterized in that all the components have a flat ^U ^w astfei: the side of the square section of the columns and beams as well as the thickness of the walls and ceilings high enough to have holes in order to facilitate and increase isolation thermal and sound, have horizontal retention rules "e" and vertical "f ^ as isoiantedin construction layers;

5) The dwelling built according to claims 1,2,3 and 4, characterized in that - in order to protect the dwelling and the tenants in the lacustrine or flooded areas the construction can be suspended on trunk pillars with diameters Δ sik at the height Ho. _K