RO110266B1 - Non woven material as an inferior layer for texture (slip) cover for settees - Google Patents

Abstract

Te invention relates to the application of unwoven (turfed) material as an underlay of knitted covers of seats in road, rail-way or air transport vehicles which in particular is used for removing the sweat formed by the passenger. It is produced by a dry method and have apparent density from 20 to 100 kg/m3 and is from 4 to 20 mm thick. It contains a minimum of 50% man-made fibres with thickness from 3 to 40 dtex and lengths from 2 to 12 cm, which are sown together. The material has minimum thickness of 2 mm when static load of 0.01 H/cm2 is applied to it.

Description

The invention relates to a non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured bags, for benches intended for the transport of passengers, by road, rail or air means.

To ensure the comfort of the staff who use the banquet, a banquet generally includes:

1) a support that ensures the ergonomic comfort of the person who uses the seat, a support that generally consists of dense spongy material, springs or straps;

2) a filler layer consisting of a spongy material, less dense than the one constituting the support (and possibly separated from the support by a separation membrane);

3) a textured cover.

The filling layer and the texture cover give the appearance and the thermo-physiological comfort. A bench built in this way has a particularly good insulation action, which eliminates the perspiration of the person using the bench. If this sweat is not released quickly then an unpleasant sensation of moisture results.

The insulating effect of the seat is mainly due to the thickness of the dense, spongy material, which constitutes the membrane support, which separates the dense foam material from the foam filling material and from the closed character of the foam filling material that contains a large number of air bubbles. . Evacuation of moisture, due to perspiration, from the person sitting on the bench is not possible due to the thickness of the seat, because the block of foam material, which constitutes the support, prevents the moisture from being evacuated. Therefore, the humidity must be eliminated either by the sides or by ventilation, that is, by a pumping action due to the movements and vibration.

The technical problem that the invention solves is to establish the components of a non-woven material, used as a bottom layer, replacing the foam filling layer with the textured cover of the bench, which has adequate compressive strength and elasticity to allow moisture absorption rapidly, transporting humidity in a direction parallel to the surface of the material and evacuating moisture through ventilation.

The non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers for banquets, according to the invention, removes the shortcomings indicated by the fact that it has an apparent density of

20 .. .100 kg / m ³ and a thickness of 4 ... 40 mm, comprising at least 50% synthetic fibers and up to 50% natural and / or artificial fibers, synthetic fibers having a fineness of

3 .. .40 dtex and a length of 20 ... 120 mm, the material having a minimum thickness of 2 mm when applying a static pressure of 20 cN / cm ² .

The invention presents the advantage that it achieves the rapid absorption, in the contact area between the person using the banquet and the banquet, of the sweat emanating from this person.

Further features of the invention will be apparent during the description of the embodiments of the invention, these examples being in no way limiting.

According to the first embodiment of the invention, the non-woven material comprises a mixture of at least 50% polyester tabular fibers with four thermally linked channels, the fibers having the fineness of 13 dtex, the percentage of empty volume being greater than 23% of the total fiber volume ( Dancron ^R Quallofil ^R D-291 produced by Dupont de Nemours Company). The fiber length is 70 ... 80 mm. A special finish gives this fiber a smooth, hydrophilic surface and low flammability.

Synthetic fibers are preferably selected from polyester, polyamide and polyoxyamide fibers, or fibers of the superabsorbent type, or from a mixture of these fibers.

Fibers of the superabsorbent type are meant fibers having a higher absorption capacity than 100%, which means that they are fibers that absorb more than 1 g water / g fiber.

The superabsorbent fibers used are, for example, those marketed under the following names:

- Lanseal ^R which is a super absorbent fiber from Japan Exlan Co. Ltd. wherein the outer layer is made of superabsorbent ammonium polyacrylate and the core structure (approximately 70% by weight) is standard type polyacrylonitrile fiber. The fineness of the filament can be 3 ... 5 den per filament;

- Fibersorb ^R (current name

Fiberdri) which is a copolymer of maleic anhydride made by Arco and marketed by Camelot Superabsorbents Ltd. The filament fineness is 10 den per filament; 5

- Bemliese ^R which is a cellulose fiber accessible as a non-woven structure, with the purpose of

3 ... 7 den per filament

The synthetic fibers chosen are advantageously polyester fibers. The fibers used 10 are preferably hydrophilic or are made hydrophilic by appropriate treatment.

The synthetic fibers included in the composition of the non-woven material have a fineness between 3 and 40 dtex and, preferably, 6 and 20 dtex and a length of 15 between 2 and 120 mm and preferably between 50 and 75 mm.

The non-woven material also contains up to 50% natural and / or artificial fibers which may be, for example, cellulose (cotton, artificial silk, viscose) or wool fibers.

The fiber mixture was chopped and sprinkled by technical methods known to those skilled in the art. The fibers were then tied through needles and then thermally bonded. Thermally bonded fibers 25 are fibers whose melting point is lower than that of the main fibers, or fibers having a surface layer whose melting point is lower than that of the inner part of the fiber (fibers of two 30 components).

Fibers can also be linked through both needles and chemically. Chemical bonding is performed by spraying the fibers with a resin, which may for example be an aqueous emulsion of polyacrylate or polyurethane resin.

The obtained material has a thickness of 10 mm and an apparent density of 40 kg / m ³ .

It has a compressive strength so that if subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm ² (which corresponds to the pressure exerted by the weight of an average person), this material retains a thickness of 8.5 mm.

Non-woven material, with other embodiments, can retain a minimum thickness of 2 mm. It is advantageous that this minimum thickness is 4 mm.

This minimum thickness of 2 mm or even 4 mm is necessary to allow the non-woven material to absorb the perspiration that emanates from the person sitting on the bench and to transport this moisture in a direction parallel to the surface of the material or to be transported by ventilation.

This non-woven material has been tested against a standardized foam material on a leather model.

The parameters tested are as follows: thermal resistance R * (measured in m ² K / w), moisture resistance in transport (measured in m ² mbar / w) and moisture absorption capacity Fi (expressed in%) and representing weight water absorbed by dry weight of the product. These three parameters were measured under static conditions, that is, by subjecting the nonwoven or spongy material to a static load of 20 cN / cm ² .

The three parameters were also measured under dynamic conditions, ie by subjecting the non-woven material or the spongy material to pulses of 20 cN / cm ² twice per second.

The fourth measured parameter is the ventilation rate V, expressed in%:

under static conditions R _and under dynamic conditions

R _tl under static conditions

The results of these comparative tests are given in the following tables:

Static conditions: TABLE 1 R _a (m ² K / w) R _and (m ² mbar / w) Female (%) Spongy material 7626 1715 3.6 Non-woven material 7931 1279 5.3 Dynamic conditions: TABLE 2 R _a (m ² K / w) R _and (m ² mbar / w) Female (%) Spongy material 3454 1,318 0.7 Non-woven material 4161 0.867 1.0

The conclusion can be drawn from these 15 tables that although the non-woven material has a slightly higher thermal resistance, it has a lower transport moisture resistance and a better moisture absorption capacity than the foam layer. 20

The ventilation rate reaches the non-woven material to 32% (1,279 - 0,867 / 1,279) and for the layer of spongy material to 23% (1,715 - 1,318 / 1,715), which means that the effect of vibration and movement leads to a 25% increase. of moisture transfer, in the case of non-woven material than in the case of spongy material.

The non-woven material then binds with an adhesive to the texture cover, through one of 30 technical procedures known to those skilled in the art, this adhesive bonding can be carried out, for example, by means of adhesive means, such as a dispersion, an emulsion or an adhesive solution, or with the aid of 35 thermoplastic powders, a film or coating. This adhesive means can, for example, be applied by atomizing, spraying, impregnating or peeling the material.

According to the second example of 40 embodiments, the non-woven material is made up of 70% fibers representing a mixture of polyester fibers with four tubular channels of the thermally bonded type and 13 dtex polyester fibers, having a length of 70 ... 80mm and fineness of 6 45 den per filament and 12 den per filament (Dacron ^R Quallofil ^R D-291 fibers) and 30% polyoxyamide fibers with fineness of 1.9 dtex, 3.3 dtex, 6.7 dtex and 17 dtex and o length 35 ... 45 mm (Vivrelle ^R fibers produced by SNIA FIBER). 50

The fiber mixture was carded and wrapped according to the technical procedures known to those skilled in the art. The fibers were then linked by needles and by heating.

The non-woven material, thus obtained, has a thickness of 11 mm and an apparent density of 35 kg / m ³ . It has a compressive strength so that, when subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm ² , it retains a thickness of 7 mm.

The upper layer for the passenger transport benches comprises the non-woven material according to the invention, and a cover of a polyester fabric (Milpoint ^R type, produced by GUILFORD company) that have been bonded to each other with the aid of a thermoplastic powder of the copolyester type, spray applied.

Claims (9)

claims 1. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers, for passenger benches, by road, rail or air means, consisting of fibers connected by needles and heating or needles and chemically, characterized in that has an apparent density between 20 and 100 kg / m ³ and a thickness between 4 and 40 mm, consisting of 50% synthetic fibers and 50% natural and / or artificial fibers, synthetic fibers having a fineness between 3 and 40 dtex and a length between 20 and 120 mm, the material having a minimum thickness of 2 mm when applying a static pressure of 20 cN / cm2. 2. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an apparent density between 30 and 60 kg / m ³ ; 3. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a thickness between 8 and 12 mm. 5 4. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers according to claim 1, characterized in that said natural and / or artificial fibers are cellulose fibers or wool fibers. 10 5. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers according to claim 1, characterized in that the synthetic fibers are polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyoxyamide fibers or super absorbent fibers or a mixture thereof. 6. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers according to claim 1, characterized in that the synthetic fibers have a thickness of 6 to 20 dtex. 7. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured bags according to claim 1, characterized in that the synthetic fibers have a length between 50 and 75 mm. 8. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a minimum thickness of 4 mm, when applying a static pressure of 20 cN / cm ² . 9. Non-woven material as a bottom layer for textured covers, according to claim 1, characterized in that it is adhesively bonded to the cover texture.