BG98636A - Unnoven (tufted) material used as underlay for knitted covers of seats in passenger transport vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Te invention relates to the application of unwoven (turfed) material as an underlay of knitted covers of seats in road, rail-way or air transport vehicles which in particular is used for removing the sweat formed by the passenger. It is produced by a dry method and have apparent density from 20 to 100 kg/m3 and is from 4 to 20 mm thick. It contains a minimum of 50% man-made fibres with thickness from 3 to 40 dtex and lengths from 2 to 12 cm, which are sown together. The material has minimum thickness of 2 mm when static load of 0.01 H/cm2 is applied to it.

Description

The invention relates to the application of a non-woven material used as a bottom layer under wicker seat covers in land, rail or air vehicles. The invention also relates to seats with composite woven fabric of said non-woven fabric, whether or not bonded thereto, and to seats in passenger vehicles associated with these covers.

Non-woven fabric means conventional non-woven fabric, non-woven mat or felt.

In order to provide comfort to the passenger, the seat should normally include: 1) a pedestal providing ergonomic passenger comfort; generally, the stand consists of a thick foam material, springs or belts; 2) an impregnated layer consisting of foam having a density less than that of the base (possibly separated from the stand with a separating film), and 3) covering fabric. Impregnated

the layer and the covering fabric must have thermophysiological properties.

The seat constructed in this way, in particular, has an insulating effect that is associated with the separation of sweat from the passenger. If the sweat does not evaporate quickly, the feeling of humidity remains unpleasant.

The insulating effect of the seat is, in principle, due to the substantial linear density dividing the dense foam by terra of the impregnating layer from the stand, the film, the impregnating layer and the character foam comprising a plurality of air bubbles.

Removal of humidity due to separation

passenger sweat is not possible due to the thickness of the seat because the foam block forming the stand prevents the moisture from separating.

Therefore, the humidity must be removed, either through the surface or through ventilation, which means separation during movement and vibration.

The present invention relates to the application of a non-woven material as a bottom layer of knitted seat cover instead of a layer of impregnating foam. In particular, the present invention relates to a non-woven material that serves both as an impregnating material and as a layer providing a role for thermophysiological comfort.

In particular, the present invention relates to the application of a non-woven material capable of rapidly absorbing the sweat in the contact area between the passenger and the seat.

Therefore, the non-woven material of the present invention having hydrophilic properties is capable

to absorb moisture before it is transferred to the surrounding area.

It is another object of the present invention that the non-woven material imparts moisture along the surface of the material.

The present invention also relates to a non-woven material which permits the removal of humidity by ventilation.

In particular, the material used according to the present invention should have shrinkage and elasticity characteristics suitable for providing moisture absorption, transfer and release.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to use non-woven material as a bottom layer of wicker seat covers in vehicles (land, rail or air) instead of the traditional foam layer.

The non-woven material used according to the present invention is obtained by the dry method. Its density is between 20 and 100 kg / m ³ , preferably between 30 and 60 kg / m ³ and between 4 and 40 mm thick, preferably between 8 and 12 mm.

Non-woven fabric used as used herein

The invention comprises at least 50% synthetic fibers, preferably selected from polyester, polyamide and polyoxyamide fibers, or fibers of the type of superabsorbents, or a combination of these various fibers. Superabsorbent fibers are understood to mean fibers with an absorption capacity greater than 100%, ie. fibers absorbing more than 1 g of water per gram of fiber. The superabsorbent fibers used are, for example, those manufactured under the names Lansael®, FibersorlJ® or Bemlies ^.

The synthetic fibers selected are preferably polyester fibers. The fibers used are preferably hydrophilic or may become hydrophilic after suitable treatment.

The synthetic fibers included in the composition of the material used according to the present invention have a thickness between 3 and 40 dtex, preferably between 6 and 20 dtex and a length of between 2 and 12 cm, preferably between 5 and 7.5 cm.

The nonwoven material used according to the present invention may contain up to 50% natural or synthetic

fibers which may be, for example, cellulose (cotton, artificial silk, viscose) or wool fibers.

The fibers that make up the material used according to the present invention are bonded by sewing.

Another aspect of the present invention is that said fibers are also bonded by suturing and thermally

In this case, the nonwoven fabric should contain several percent of thermally bonding fibers.

Thermally bonded fibers are understood to mean fibers whose melting point is lower than that of the basic fibers, or fibers with a surface layer whose melting temperature is lower than that of the inner part of the fiber (bicomponent fibers).

In another aspect of the present invention, the fibers are bonded by both suturing and chemical bonding. This chemical bond is achieved by sputtering the resin fibers, which may be, for example, an aqueous emulsion of a polyacrylate or polyurethane resin.

The non-woven material used in accordance with the present invention has considerable contraction strength, which ensures that when it is subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm ² (which corresponds to the pressure exerted by the weight of an average person), it remains at a minimum thickness of 2 mm.

The advantage is that this minimum thickness is 4 mm.

This minimum thickness of mm or even mm is necessary to allow the material to absorb the sweat separated from the passenger and to transfer this moisture parallel to the surface of the material or to remove it by ventilation.

It is also an object of the invention to cover passenger vehicle seats, which includes textiles and nonwovens, said material having the characteristics listed above.

In another aspect of the seat cover according to the present invention, the wicker covers and the non-woven fabric may be adhesively bonded to one another by methods known in the art. This adhesive bonding may, for example, be accomplished by adhesive methods such as dispersion, emulsion or adhesive solution, or as a thermoplastic powder, film or coating.

These adhesive methods can, for example, be applied by atomization, spraying, impregnation or application.

Another object of the present invention is a material intended to cover seats in passenger vehicles, which consists of a textile textile adhesive bonded to a non-woven material having the characteristics listed above. The adhesive bonding can be accomplished by any of the methods well known in the art.

In addition, the seats of the passenger vehicles (land rail) are the object of the invention.

or air cushions or cover material according to the invention.

Examples of carrying out the invention

Example 1

The nonwoven material used according to the invention includes two types of fibers available as a mixture under the trade name D-291 Quallofil® 'of Dupont de Nemours Company.

This is a mixture of hollow, four-channel, 13 dtex thermally bonded polyester fibers with a volume cavity volume greater than 23% of the total fiber volume. The length of the fiber is 7 to 8 cm. Special finishing gives this fiber a smooth hydrophilic surface and high fire resistance.

The fiber mixture is carded and pulled by methods known in the art. The fibers are then sewn together and thermally bonded.

The material thus obtained has a thickness of 10 mm and is apparent

A density of 40 kg / m. It has such a tensile strength that when subjected to a static load of 20 cN / cm ² , its whiteness remains 8.5 mm.

This non-woven material is tested against standard foam as leather according to DIN 504101 Part 1. This standard is additionally offered as ISO / TC 38 / SC 8 H 156 standard.

The parameters studied are as follows: thermal resistance: R (measured in m ² K / w), transport moisture resistance: (measured in m ³ mbar / w) and moisture absorption capacity Fi (expressed as a percentage) (weight of absorbed water to the weight of the dry product). These three parameters are measured under static conditions, ie. subjected to a non-woven material or foam at a static load of 20 cN / cm ² . The three parameters are also measured under dynamic conditions, ie. when subjecting the non-woven material or foam to pulses of 20 cN / cm ² twice a second.

The fourth measured parameter is the ventilation rate: V, expressed as a percentage

R _at static conditions - R at dynamic conditions

R under static conditions

The results of these comparative tests are given in the following tables:

Static conditions:

R _ct (m ² K / w) R _ftt (m ² mbar / w)

7.626 1.715

Table j.

Foam

Non-woven fabric

Fi (%)

3.6

7.931 .279

5.3

Dynamic conditions:

Table 2 R _ct (m ^{2 K} / ^w > ^R _a J ^{m2 mbar} / ^w )

Foam

3,454

1,318

Fi (%)

0.7

Non-woven fabric

4.161

0.867 .0

From these tables, it can be concluded that, although it has a slightly higher thermal resistance, non-woven fabric has a lower resistance to transport moisture and a higher moisture absorption capacity than a layer

made of foam.

The non-woven ventilation rate is up to 32% ((1.279-0.867) /1.279) and for the foam layer up to 23% ((1.715-1.318) /1.715), which means that the effect of vibration and results from the movement to the sieving of the humidity, they increase more significantly in the nonwoven material than in the case of a foam layer.

Example 2

The nonwoven material used in the present invention comprises three types of fibers:

1) and 2) A standard blend of two types of D-291 Quallofil® 'fibers by Dupont de Nemours Company, consisting of hollow four-channel fibers of 13 dtex thermosetting and polyester fibers, the length of which varies between 7 and 8 cm .

3) SNIA Company type 950 Vivrell ^ 'fiber, 3.3 dtex thick and ranging in length from 3.5 to 4.5 cm.

These three types of fibers are mixed in a ratio of 70% of the D-291 Quallofil® mixture to 30% of the Vivrell ^ ¹ fibers.

The fiber mixture is carded and grooved according to methods known to those skilled in the art. The fibers are then sewn together and thermally bonded.

The material thus obtained has a thickness of 11 mm and an apparent density of 35 kg / m ³ . It has a compressive strength such that, when subjected to a static load of 20 cN / cm ² , its thickness will remain 7 mm.

Example 3

Seat covers in passenger vehicles

The compositions of the present invention include nonwovens, the characteristics of which are given in Example 1, and Guilford Company's MILPOINI ^ 'cover textile. This material and this fabric are bonded to one another by means of a copolyester-type thermoplastic powder, which is sprayed.

Claims (11)

Claims 1. A method of applying a non-woven material such as the lower layer of knitted seat covers in land, rail or air vehicles, characterized in that said material is obtained by the dry method and has an apparent density of between 20 and 100 kg / m ^3, and thickness between 4 and 40 mm, and containing a minimum of 50% synthetic fibers with a thickness between 3 and 40 dtex and a length between 2 and 12 cm, which are sutured, and said material has a minimum thickness of 2 mm when applied to a static load of 20 cN / cm ² . The method of use according to claim 1, characterized in that said material has an apparent density between 30 and 60 kg / m ³ . 3. The method of use according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said material has a thickness between 8 and 12 mm. 4. The method of use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said synthetic fibers are selected from the group consisting of polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyoxyamide fibers or fibers of the type of superabsorbents, or mixtures thereof. Method of use according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said fibers have a thickness of between 6 and 20 dtex. Method of use according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said fibers are between 5 and 7.5 cm in length. The method of use according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said fibers are sewn and thermally bonded. 8. Application method according to which one Yes is from claims 1 to 6, characterized in that mentioned they are fibers sew and chemically bonded. 9. Application method according to which one Yes is from the previous ones said material having a minimum thickness of mm when subjected to a static load of 20 cN / cm ² . 10. Seat covers for passenger vehicles, characterized in that they consist of a covering fabric and a non-woven fabric obtained by the dry method, said material having an apparent density of between 20 and 100 kg / m ³ and a thickness of between 4 and 40 mm, and containing a minimum of 50 % of synthetic fibers with a thickness between 3 and 40 dtex and a length of between 2 and 12 cm, which are sutured, and said material has a minimum thickness of 2 mm when a static load of 20 cN / cm ² is applied to it. Cases according to claim 10, characterized in that said material is adhered to said covering fabric. Cases according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that said material has an apparent density between 30 and 60 kg / m ³ . 13. Cases according to claims 10 to 12, characterized in that said material has a thickness between 8 and 12 mm. Cases according to claims 10 to 13, characterized in that said synthetic fibers are selected from the group consisting of polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyoxyamide fibers, or fibers of the type of superabsorbents, or theirs 15. mixtures. claims 10 TO 14, character- Cases, according to growing up with that said fibers have thickness between 6 and 20 dtex. 16. Cases, according to claims 10 TO 15, character- growing up with that said fibers are p length between 5 and 7.5 cm. 17. Cases, according to claims 10 Yes 16, character- growing up with that said fibers are to sew and thermally connected. 18. Cases, according to claims 10 Yes 16, character- growing up with that said fibers are to sew and chemically connected. 19. Cases, according to claims 10 Yes 18, character- growing up with that said material has minimal 4 mm thick when subjected to a static load of 20 cN / cm ² . 20. Seats for passenger land, rail or air transport vehicles, characterized in that they are covered with covers according to any one of claims 10 to 19.