PL172598B1 - Covering for seats of passangers transporting vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Te invention relates to the application of unwoven (turfed) material as an underlay of knitted covers of seats in road, rail-way or air transport vehicles which in particular is used for removing the sweat formed by the passenger. It is produced by a dry method and have apparent density from 20 to 100 kg/m3 and is from 4 to 20 mm thick. It contains a minimum of 50% man-made fibres with thickness from 3 to 40 dtex and lengths from 2 to 12 cm, which are sown together. The material has minimum thickness of 2 mm when static load of 0.01 H/cm2 is applied to it.

Description

The subject of the invention is a seat cover for passenger transport: road, rail or air.

For the user's convenience, the seat usually consists of: 1) a leg section ensuring ergonomic conditions for the seat user; the support part is usually made of dense sponge, springs or tapes; 2) a cushioning layer made of a sponge with a density lower than that of the sponge constituting the support (and possibly separated from the support by a separating film), and 3) a covering fabric. The padding layer and the cover fabric ensure thermophysiological comfort conditions.

A seat constructed in this way exhibits particularly good insulating properties, which increases the release of perspiration on parts of the user's body. If this sweat is not removed quickly enough, it can create an unpleasant feeling of dampness.

The insulating effect of the seat is mainly due to the considerable thickness of the support sponge and the influence of the foil separating the dense sponge from the cushioning sponge, as well as the structure of the sponge containing closed air bubbles.

The removal of the moisture generated by perspiration is not possible through the thickness of the seat, as the load-bearing sponge block prevents this moisture from penetrating. Moisture must therefore escape either sideways or by ventilation, that is, for example, by a pumping effect due to movement and vibration.

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replacing the sponge lifting and plowing layer. in particular the targets of the explanations.

The object of the present invention is to provide a cover for seats intended for passenger transport comprising a covering fabric and a non-woven fabric

O C + + «-» T jvoi tbj αυγ, the non-woven material contained in the covering according to the invention served simultaneously both the cushioning layer and the thermophysiological comfort layer.

In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a cover that allows the rapid absorption of sweat, in the contact zone between the user's body and the seat.

It is therefore an object of the invention that the material contained in the covering according to the invention, thanks to its water-repellent properties, is able to quickly absorb moisture before it is led outside.

Another object of the invention is to provide a seat cover which is able to transfer moisture in a direction parallel to its surface.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a seat cover that allows moisture to escape through ventilation.

In particular, it is an object of the invention that the coating according to the invention has suitable parameters of compressive strength and elasticity in order to be able to absorb, transport and remove moisture.

Covering for seats intended for passenger transport according to the invention comprising a nonwoven material characterized in that it comprises a fabric top and bottom layer which is a non-woven non-woven fabric having an apparent density of 20 to 100 kg / m ³ and a thickness in the range of 4 to 40 mm , which contains at least 50% of synthetic fibers with a thickness of 3 to 40 dtex and a length of 2 to 12 cm which are sewn together, and when subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm, it maintains a minimum thickness of 2 mm .

Preferably, the nonwoven nonwoven material is adhesively bonded to the cover fabric.

Preferably, the non-woven non-woven material has an apparent density of 30 to 60 kg / m3.

Preferably, the non-woven non-woven material has a thickness in the range of 8 to 12 mm.

Preferably, the cover comprises synthetic fibers selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polyoxamide, or superabsorbent fibers or a mixture of these fibers.

Preferably, the fibers have a thickness of from 6 to 20 dtex.

Preferably the fibers are 5 to 7.5 cm long.

Preferably the fibers are bonded directly to each other.

Preferably, the nonwoven nonwoven material, when subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm, maintains a minimum thickness of 4 mm.

By non-woven material is meant a non-woven fabric-like material, non-woven mat or felt.

The non-woven material is produced in a dry process and has a density of 20 to 100 kg / m3, preferably 30 to 60 kg / m3, with a thickness ranging from 4 to 40 mm, preferably 8 to 12 mm.

Said non-woven fabric comprises at least 50% of synthetic fibers, which are preferably selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide and polyoxyamide fibers, or superabsorbent type fibers, or a mixture of these fibers. By superabsorbent type fibers are meant fibers with an absorption capacity exceeding 100%, that is, fibers with an absorption capacity of more than 1 g of water per gram of fiber. The superabsorbent fibers used are, for example, those marketed under the names Lansael®, Fibersorb®, or Bemliese®.

Preferably, polyester fibers are selected as synthetic fibers. It is also advantageous if the fibers used are hydrophilic or are made hydrophilic by appropriate treatment.

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The synthetic fibers of the non-woven material have a thickness of 3 to 40 dtex, preferably 6 to 20 dtex, and a length of 2 to 12 cm, and preferably 3 to 5 [mu] cm.

The non-woven material used in the covering according to the invention may contain up to 50% natural and / or artificial fibers, which may be cellulose (cotton, rayon, viscose) or wool fibers.

The fibers making up the non-woven fabric are joined by sewing.

In one particular embodiment of the invention, the fibers are joined simultaneously by sewing and welding. In this case, the non-woven fabric must have a certain percentage of the heat-sealable fiber content.

Weldable fibers are understood to mean fibers whose melting point is lower than the melting point of the main fibers, or fibers provided with a surface layer whose melting point is lower than the melting point of the inner part of the fiber (bicomponent fibers).

In another embodiment, the fibers are bonded simultaneously by stitching and by chemical treatment. This chemical bonding is achieved by spraying the fiber with a resin, which may be, for example, an aqueous emulsion of a polyacrylate or polyurethane resin.

The non-woven material contained in the covering according to the invention has a compressive strength sufficient to maintain a minimum thickness of 2 mm when subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm ² (corresponding to that exerted by an average person's body weight). Preferably this minimum thickness is 4 mm.

This minimum thickness of 2 or 4 mm is necessary to ensure that the material is able to absorb sweat from the body of a seat user and transport it in a direction parallel to the direction of the material or to be ventilated away.

In another embodiment of the coverings according to the invention, the cover fabric and the non-woven material may be adhesively bonded together by any of the methods known to those skilled in the art. This adhesive bonding can be achieved by adhesives, for example by means of an adhesive in the form of a dispersion, emulsion or solution or a powder, a film or a coating having thermoplastic properties. These adhesives can be applied, for example, by pulverization, spraying, impregnation or pressing.

The following shows three embodiments of a seat cover for passenger transport according to the invention.

EXAMPLE 1 The covering according to embodiment I comprises a non-woven fabric consisting of two types of fibers, which are available in the form of a mixture designated D-291 Quallofil®. It is a blend of 13 dtex hollow, four-channel, heat-sealable polyester fibers with a void volume percentage greater than 23% of the total fiber volume. The length of the fibers is from 7 to 8 cm. As a result of a special finishing treatment, the fibers obtain a smooth, hydrophilic surface and flame retardant.

The fiber mixture was carded and scratched by methods known to those skilled in the art. The fibers were then sewn and heat sealed. The thus obtained material has a thickness of 10 mm and an apparent density of 40 kg / m ^3. It had a compressive strength such that, when subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm2, its final thickness was 8.5 mm.

This non-woven fabric has been tested by comparison with a standard sponge on a leather model according to DIN 504-101, part 1. This standard is additionally recommended as a provisional standard under the designation ISO / TC 38 / SC 8 H 156.

The following parameters were tested: thermal resistance: Rct (measured in m2 K / w), resistance to moisture transport Ret (measured in m2 mbar / w), and moisture absorption capacity Fi (expressed in%) (ratio of water absorbed weight to product weight in dry condition). These three parameters were measured under static conditions, that is, subjecting a non-woven fabric or a sponge to a static load of 20 cN / cm2.

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These three parameters were also measured under dynamic conditions, that is, subjecting the non-woven fabric or sponge to load pulses of 20 cN / cm ² twice on νρΐητηΗο uvivunviy.

The fourth parameter measured was the ventilation speed V expressed in%. y _ Ret in static conditions - R _et in dynamic conditions.

Ret under static conditions

The results of these comparative tests are summarized in the tables below:

TABLE 1 Static conditions: Fi (%) Ret (m ² K / w) Ret (m ² mbar / w) Sponge 7.626 1.715 3.6 Non-woven material 7.931 1.279 5.3

Dynamic conditions:

TABLE 2 Ret (m ² K / w) 2 Ret (m mbar / w) Fi (%) Sponge 3.454 1.318 0.7 Non-woven material 4.161 0.867 1.0

From the tables above, it can be concluded that although the non-woven fabric has a slightly higher thermal resistance, it has a lower resistance to moisture transport and a better moisture absorption capacity than the sponge layer.

The ventilation speed for non-woven fabric is 32% ((1.2790.867) / 1.279), and for a sponge layer is 23% ((1.715-1.318) / 1.715), which means that the action of vibration and movement results in a more significant an increase in the intensity of moisture transfer in the case of non-woven material than in the case of the sponge layer.

Example II. The covering according to the 2nd embodiment comprises a non-woven fabric which consists of three types of fibers:

1) and 2) a standard mixture of fibers marked D-291 Quallofil®, consisting of hollow, four-channel fibers of the heat-sealable type and 13 dtex polyester fibers, the length of which is from 7 to 8 cm,

3) Yiwelle® type 950 fibers with a thickness of 3.3 dtex and a length of 3.5 to 4.5 cm.

These three types of fibers were blended in a proportion of 70% D-291 Qualloil® blend to 30% Vivrelle® fibers.

The fiber mixture was carded and scratched by methods known to those skilled in the art. The fibers were then sewn and heat sealed. The material obtained in this way had a thickness of 11 mm and an apparent density of 35 kg / m ³ . It had a compressive strength such that, when subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm ² , its final thickness was 7 mm.

Example III. The passenger seat cover according to the 3rd embodiment comprises a non-woven material, the parameters of which are given in Example 1, and a "MILPOINT®" cover fabric. The material and fabric were glued together by means of a thermoplastic copolyester type powder applied by sputtering.

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Publishing Department of the UP RP. Circulation of 90 copies. Price PLN 2.00

Claims (9)

Patent claims 1. A cover for seats intended for passenger transport comprising a non-woven non-woven material, characterized in that it comprises a cover fabric and a backing layer of a non-woven non-woven material having an apparent density of 20 to 100 kg / m ³ and a thickness ranging from 4 to 40 mm, it comprises at least 50% of synthetic fibers 3 to 40 dtex thick and 2 to 12 cm long which are sewn together, and when subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm ^{2 it} retains a minimum thickness of 2 mm. 2 Cover according to claim 1- characterized by that. the nonwoven nonwoven material is adhesively bonded to the outer fabric. 3. The covering according to claim The method of claim 1, wherein the non-woven non-woven material has an apparent density of 30 to 60 kg / m3. 4. The covering according to claim The method of claim 1, wherein the nonwoven non-woven material has a thickness in the range 8 to 12 mm. 5. The covering according to claim The method of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises synthetic fibers selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polyoxamide, or superabsorbent fibers or a mixture of these fibers. 6. The covering according to claim 5. characterized in that the fibers have a thickness of 6 to 20 dtex. 7. The covering according to p. 6. The process of claim 6, wherein the fibers have a length of 5 to 7.5 cm. 8. The covering according to claim The method of claim 1, characterized in that the fibers are bonded directly to each other. 9. The covering according to claim A non-woven fabric according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that when subjected to a static pressure of 20 cN / cm2, a minimum thickness of 4 mm is maintained.