PL439B1 - Method of obtaining trichlorethylene from symmetric tetrachloroethane. - Google Patents
Method of obtaining trichlorethylene from symmetric tetrachloroethane. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL439B1 PL439B1 PL439A PL43920A PL439B1 PL 439 B1 PL439 B1 PL 439B1 PL 439 A PL439 A PL 439A PL 43920 A PL43920 A PL 43920A PL 439 B1 PL439 B1 PL 439B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- trichlorethylene
- tetrachloroethane
- ammonia
- obtaining
- water
- Prior art date
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- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- MSOZYWZZWADWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloro-2-(2,2-dichloroethenoxy)ethene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=COC=C(Cl)Cl MSOZYWZZWADWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010754 Inga paterno Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000010 Inga paterno Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZJULYDCRWUEPTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethyl Chemical compound Cl[CH]Cl ZJULYDCRWUEPTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Description
Przemiana cztero-chloro-etanu syme¬ trycznego CHC12 — CHC12 na trójchloro¬ etylen CHC1= CC12 byla po raz pierwszy spostrzezona w 1872 r. przez Berthelot'a i Jungfleisch'a (Annales de Physiaue & Chimie, t. 26, str. 475) przy dzialaniu w pewnych warunkach rozczynem alko¬ holowym potasu na cztero-chloro-etan; dluzsze dzialanie przemienia trójchloro¬ etylen, otrzymany w fazie pierwszej na kwas glykolowy (Berthelot i Jungfleisch), albo na eter dwuchlorowinylowy (Pa- terno i Oglialoro, Berliner Berichte, t. 7, str. 81).Stwierdzono, ze rozczyny alkoholowe potazu moga byc zastapione przez roz¬ czyny wodne potasu i naogól przez rozczyny lub zawiesiny wodne mieszanin o reakcji alkalicznej, takich, jak soda zraca, wapno, weglany sodu i wapnia.W nieobecnosci alkoholu reakcja jest ograniczona tworzeniem sie trójchloro¬ etylenu i otrzymuje sie wydajnosc prak¬ tycznie ilosciowa. Fakty te znajduja swój wyraz w patencie niemieckim Nr. 171900.W kazdym jednak razie wsród zwiaz¬ ków o reakcji alkalicznej, podanych w pa¬ tencie niemieckim Nr. 171900, o amoniaku nie wspomniano zupelnie.Z drugiej strony ustalono, ze amonjak nie dziala na zwiazki organiczne, a wszcze- gólnosci na cztero-chloro-etan, podobnie jak i alkalja. Tymczasem z roztworami alkoholowemi sody kaustycznej, albo potasu zracego reakcja idzie bardzo da¬ leko, a z amonjakiem w roztworze alko¬ holowym zatrzymuje sie podczas formo¬ wania sie trójchloroetylenu.Jednakowoz stosowanie amonjakuw roztworze alkoholowym przedstawia te niedogodnosc, ze trudno jest o calko¬ wite oddzielenie trój chloroetylenu od alkoholu.Uzywanie amonjaku w roztworze wodnym nie przedstawia tej trudnosci.Przyklad 1.Wprowadzamy do kociolka, zaopa¬ trzonego w chlodnice zwrotna, dwie czesci cztero-chloro-etanu, dwie czesci wody i przepuszczamy przez plyn prad amonjaku (gazu) dosyc silny, azeby mase zmieszac; reakcja rozpoczyna sie juz na zimno, a przyspiesza sie przez nagrzewanie do 60—70°. Przemiana do¬ konywa sie w dwie godziny, pod wa¬ runkiem oddzielania trójchloroetylenu w miare powstawania; osiaga sie to przez nadmiar gazu amonjakalnego i przez utrzymanie wody w chlodnicy w tempe¬ raturze odpowiedniej i zmiennej, sto¬ sownie do tego nadmiaru.Otrzymuje sie 1, 5 trójchloroetylenu, co stanowi wydajnosc 96%- Cli des Przyklad II.Do autoklawu, zaopatrzonego w mie¬ szadlo, wprowadzamy dwie czesci czte- ro-chloro-etanu i dwie czesci amonjaku wodnego o c. wl. 0,91. Po trzechgodzin- nera ogrzewaniu w temperaturze 140 — 170° otrzymuje sie po dystylacji 1,43 trójchloroetylenu, czyli 92% wydajnosci. PLThe conversion of symmetric tetrachloroethane CHCl2 - CHCl2 to trichlorethylene CHCl = CC12 was first observed in 1872 by Berthelot and Jungfleisch (Annales de Physiaue & Chimie, vol. 26, p. 475). ) on treatment under certain conditions with an alcohol solution of potassium into tetrachloroethane; a prolonged action converts the trichlorethylene obtained in the first phase into glycolic acid (Berthelot and Jungfleisch) or into dichlorovinyl ether (Paterno and Oglialoro, Berliner Berichte, vol. 7, p. 81). It has been found that alcoholic solutions of potassium can be replaced by aqueous solutions of potassium and in general by solutions or aqueous suspensions of mixtures with an alkaline reaction, such as baking soda, lime, sodium carbonate and calcium. In the absence of alcohol, the reaction is limited by the formation of trichlorethylene and a working efficiency is obtained. quantitative. These facts find their expression in the German patent no. 171900. In any case, however, among the alkaline compounds given in German Patent No. 171900, ammonia was not mentioned at all. On the other hand, it was found that ammonia does not affect organic compounds, but especially tetrachloroethane, as well as alkali. Meanwhile, with alcohol solutions of caustic soda or caustic potassium, the reaction goes very slowly, and with ammonia in an alcohol solution it stops during the formation of trichlorethylene. However, the use of ammonium in an alcoholic solution presents the disadvantage that it is difficult to completely separate Trichlorethylene from alcohol. Using ammonia in water solution does not present this difficulty. Example 1: Put two parts of tetrachloroethane, two parts of water into the boiler, equipped with a reflux cooler, and pass through the liquid ammonia (gas) to enough strong to mix the mass; the reaction begins already in the cold and is accelerated by heating to 60-70 °. The conversion takes two hours as long as the trichlorethylene is separated off as it is formed; this is achieved by an excess of ammoniacal gas and by keeping the water in the cooler at a suitable and varying temperature according to this excess. The result is 1.5 trichlorethylene, which is an efficiency of 96% - Cli des Example II. into the agitator, we introduce two parts of four-chloro-ethane and two parts of water ammonia of c. 0.91. After heating at 140-170 ° for three hours, 1.43 trichlorethylene is obtained after distillation, ie a 92% yield. PL
Claims (3)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL439B1 true PL439B1 (en) | 1924-08-30 |
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