PL32340B1 - Wood impregnation method - Google Patents
Wood impregnation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL32340B1 PL32340B1 PL32340A PL3234041A PL32340B1 PL 32340 B1 PL32340 B1 PL 32340B1 PL 32340 A PL32340 A PL 32340A PL 3234041 A PL3234041 A PL 3234041A PL 32340 B1 PL32340 B1 PL 32340B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- sodium fluoride
- dinitrophenol
- zinc
- salts
- potassium dichromate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 title description 5
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc fluoride Chemical compound F[Zn]F BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMJNEQWWZRSFCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethoxy-3-oxo-2-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CS1 PMJNEQWWZRSFCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- -1 ZnF2 Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QLOKJRIVRGCVIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)methyl]piperazine Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1CN1CCNCC1 QLOKJRIVRGCVIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium chromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Description
Znane jest stosowanie soli cynku do*na¬ sycania drewna. Równiez jest znane za¬ stosowanie fluorków jako srodków do na¬ sycania. Nierozpuszczalny fluorek cynku, tworzacy sie przy zmieszaniu go z solami cynku i dodatkowym rozpuszczeniu fluorku sodu, wyklucza zastosowanie obydwóch so¬ li, o ile istnieja one jednoczesnie w roz¬ tworze wodnym. Tego rodzaju mieszaniny nie sa stosowane jako srodki do nasyca¬ nia. Poniewaz obie wspomniane grupy zwiazków tworza osady nierozpuszczalne, przeto ze wzgledów technicznych nasyca¬ nia jest rzecza pozadana podzialac na nie w wodnym roztworze w taki sposób, aby tworzyly one nierozpuszczalne nowe zwiaz¬ ki dopiero po wniknieciu do drewna, Okazalo sie, ze sole cynku i fluorku, np. siarczan cynku i fluorek sodu, daja sie mieszac w wodnym roztworze bez powsta¬ wania osadów, jezeli zostana dodane sla¬ bo kwasne zwiazki organiczne lub kwasy, jcdk np. dwunitrofenol lub kwas octowy.Jezeli wezmie sie np. 79% siarczanu cyn¬ ku, 18% fluorku sodu i 3% dwunitrofenolu lub 60% siarczanu cynku, 35% fluorku so¬ du i 5% dwunitrofenolu, wówczas powsta¬ je trwaly roztwór wodny, który równiez w wysokich temperaturach mozna wpro¬ wadzac do drewna kazdym sposobem tech¬ nicznym.Jak stwierdzono próbami mikoloigiczriy- mi, sole do nasycania po wprowadzeniu ich do drewna i po jego wysuszeniu zostaja utrwalone na wlóknie tak, iz trudno je wy¬ lugowac. W drewnie z soli cynku i fluor-ków tworza sie trudno dajace sie wylugo- wywac zwiazki, np. ZnF2, ZnOHF.Opisywana mieszanina soli do nasyca¬ nia ma wlasciwosc nadzerania metali, W celu zapobiezenia temu przeprowadzono liczne próby ze srodkami przeciw nadze- raniu, jak z szesciometylenoczteroamina, jednoetanoloamina, oclanem sodu, szcza¬ wianem sodu, weglanem sodu, jak równiez z rozpuszczalnymi -dwuchromianami i chro¬ mianami, jak dwuchromianem potasu, chro¬ mianem potasu, dwuchromianem sodu, chromianem sodu, dwuchromianem amonur chromianem amonu. Wynik tych prób \yy- kazal, ze sposród wszystkich badanych srodków przeciw nadzeraniu najskutecz¬ niejszy jest dodatek rozpuszczalnych w wodzie chromianów wzglednie dwuchro¬ mianów. Ponadto doswiadczenia z grzyb¬ kami pozwalaja stwierdzic, ze sole chro¬ mowe wywieraja równiez pozadany wplyw na utrwalanie. Dotychczas nie moze byc podane teoretyczne wyjasnienie tego zja- wiska, gdyz dotychczasowe jeszcze nie za¬ konczone badania wymagaly dluzszego czasu.Jako mieszaniny soli o wlasciwosciach zabezpieczajacych przed nadzeraniem do przykladowego przeprowadzania sposobu nalezy wymienic nastepujace: 1) 75% siarczanu cynku 20% fluorku sodu 3% dwuchromianu potasu 2% dwunitrofenolu, 2) 57% siarczanu cynku 37% fluorku sodu 3% dwuchromianu potasu 3% dwunitrofenolu, 3) 61% chlorku? cynku 35% fluorku sodu 2% dwuchromianu potasu 2% dwunitrofenolu.Sole miesza sie w stanie suchym, otrzy¬ mujac trwala mieszanine soli, która moz¬ na przechowywac. Przed zastosowaniem ich do nasycania zostaja cne rozpuszczo¬ ne w wodzie oraz zostaja wprowadzone w 1—2%-owym roztworze do drewna zna¬ nym sposobem.Zalety sposolbu polegaja na zastosowa¬ niu wzglednie mniej wartosciowego, jezeli chodzi o nasycanie techniczne, siarczanu cynku. Prócz tego ilosc stosowanych fluor¬ ków zostaje zmniejszona do minimum, co ze wzgledu na obecne polozenie, uwarun¬ kowane oszczednoscia surowców, ma bar¬ dzo duze znaczenie. W ten sposób w mie¬ szaninie soli udaje sie obnizyc udzial fluor¬ ku sodu z 85% do przynajmniej 40%. Jest równiez rzecza mozliwa uczynienie zadosc wymaganiom dajacego sie zastosowac na¬ sycania, odpowiadajacego praktyce, a to dzieki stosowaniu srodków, uwazanych do¬ tychczas za malowartosciowe, jezeli chodzi o nasycanie techniczne. Odnosnie znanych dotychczas srodków ochronnych, zawiera¬ jacych chrom i dajacych sie trudno wylu- gowywac, nalezy podniesc to, ze w tworze¬ niu sie soli zlozonej, nierozpuszczalnej w wodzie, bierze udzial cynk, podczas gdy w solach do utrwalania na wlóknie wyste¬ puje chrom. PLIt is known to use zinc salts to impregnate wood. It is also known to use fluorides as saturating agents. The insoluble zinc fluoride formed when mixed with zinc salts and the additional dissolution of sodium fluoride preclude the use of both salts, provided they both exist in an aqueous solution. Such mixtures are not used as impregnating agents. Since both of the mentioned groups of compounds form insoluble deposits, therefore, for technical reasons of saturation, it is desirable to divide them in an aqueous solution in such a way that they form insoluble new compounds only after penetrating into the wood, it turned out that zinc and Fluoride, e.g. zinc sulfate and sodium fluoride, can be mixed in an aqueous solution without the formation of sediment if weakly acidic organic compounds or acids are added, e.g. dinitrophenol or acetic acid. If, for example, 79% of sulfate is used. zinc, 18% sodium fluoride and 3% dinitrophenol or 60% zinc sulphate, 35% sodium fluoride and 5% dinitrophenol, then a stable water solution is formed which can be introduced into the wood by any method even at high temperatures. As it has been proved by microligric tests, the impregnating salts, after they have been incorporated into the wood and dried, are fixed to the fibers so that they are difficult to remove. In wood, zinc and fluoride salts form hardly leachable compounds, e.g. ZnF2, ZnOHF. The described mixture of impregnating salts has the property of stuffing metals. In order to prevent this, numerous trials have been carried out with anti-sticking agents. such as hexamethylenetetramine, monoethanolamine, sodium acetate, sodium oxate, sodium carbonate, as well as soluble -dichromate and chromate, such as potassium dichromate, potassium chromate, sodium dichromate, sodium chromate, ammonium chromate, ammonium chromate. The result of these tests showed that the addition of water-soluble chromates or dichromates was the most effective of all the tested anti-fillers. In addition, experience with mushrooms shows that chromium salts also have the desired effect on fixation. So far, no theoretical explanation for this phenomenon can be given, as the research not yet completed so far has required a longer time. 3% potassium dichromate 2% dinitrophenol, 2) 57% zinc sulfate 37% sodium fluoride 3% potassium dichromate 3% dinitrophenol, 3) 61% chloride? zinc, 35%, sodium fluoride, 2%, potassium dichromate, 2%, dinitrophenol. The salts are mixed dry to form a stable salt mixture which can be stored. Before they are used for impregnation, they are completely dissolved in water and introduced in a 1-2% solution for wood in a conventional manner. The advantages of this method lie in the use of zinc sulphate, which is relatively less valuable as far as technical impregnation is concerned. Moreover, the amount of fluorides used is minimized, which is of great importance due to the present location, due to the saving of raw materials. In this way, the proportion of sodium fluoride in the salt mixture can be reduced from 85% to at least 40%. It is also possible to meet the requirements of an applicable impregnation, corresponding to the practice, by means of the use of means previously considered picturesque as far as technical impregnation is concerned. With regard to the hitherto known protective agents containing chromium and difficult to hatch, it should be noted that zinc is involved in the formation of a complex salt, insoluble in water, while in the salts for fixation on the fibers there is chrome. PL
Claims (4)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL32340B1 true PL32340B1 (en) | 1943-11-30 |
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