PL13633B1 - Shaft speeding bridge device. - Google Patents

Shaft speeding bridge device. Download PDF

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Publication number
PL13633B1
PL13633B1 PL13633A PL1363330A PL13633B1 PL 13633 B1 PL13633 B1 PL 13633B1 PL 13633 A PL13633 A PL 13633A PL 1363330 A PL1363330 A PL 1363330A PL 13633 B1 PL13633 B1 PL 13633B1
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
platform
shaft
platforms
speeding
bridge device
Prior art date
Application number
PL13633A
Other languages
Polish (pl)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Publication of PL13633B1 publication Critical patent/PL13633B1/en

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Description

Na kopalni zdarza sie niekiedy, ze szyb nalezy prowadzic, wylamujac skaly od do¬ lu ku górze. Mozna w ten sposób wykony¬ wac zarówno glówny szyb wyciagowy jak i slepe szybiki.Dotychczas takie roboty przeprowadza¬ no w ten sposób, ze z mocnego pomostu, utworzonego z bali i okraglaków, wylamy¬ wano skale na wysokosc 4 do 6 metrów.Opadajace przy tern bryly pozostawaly na pomoscie az do osiagniecia zadanej wy¬ sokosci 6 m. Wtedy dopiero spuszczano bryly skal zapomoca drewnianej lub zelaz¬ nej rynny do chodnika przewozowego i rozbierano pomost, aby go zamienic lzej¬ szym pomostem, sluzacym za podstawe dla mularzy, wykonywajacych omurowanie szybu do góry. Ten lzejszy pomost naleza¬ lo przestawiac co 1,5 do 2 m.Po wykonaniu omurowania na calej wysokosci upedzonego do 6 m odstepu bu¬ duje sie dopiero na nowo mocny pomost, sluzacy za podstawe dla górników, wyko¬ nywajacych dalszy odstep w skale.Obudowa powyzszym sposobem ma wiele wad. Pomosty musza byc rozbierane i na nowo skladane. Rynna do spuszczania bryl skaly musi byc bardzo mocno zbudo¬ wana i przy wiekszych wysokosciach win¬ ny byc stosowane pomosty posrednie, gdyz przy osuwaniu sie bryl skaly z wiekszej wysokosci rynna moglaby byc zupelnierozbita. Pomost roboczy musi dzwigac ca¬ la mase ak&ly, $|4y* •£Prn*cy musZ£L wcho¬ dzic net br^ly slbtl/iby móc siegac do stro¬ pu szybu, z drugiej zas strony odrywane ze stropu bryly nie moga spadac z duzej wysokosci ze wzgledu na wytrzymalosc po¬ mostu. Bryly, lezace na pomoscie, prze¬ szkadzaja przy pracy. Wszelkie roboty sa niebardzo bezpieczne, jezeli górnicy nie maja dogodnych miejsc do stania.Urzadzenie wedlug wynalazku usuwa te wszystkie wady, umozliwia pedzenie szybu w sposób uproszczony i znacznie przyspiesza prace.Wedlug wynalazku urzadzenie sklada sie zasadniczo z dwóch piatr, utworzonych z dwóch pomostów tak ze soba polaczo¬ nych, ze odleglosc pomiedzy niemi mozna zwiekszac i zmniejszac. Gdy wiec górny pomost zamocowany jest w scianach szy¬ bu, opierajac sie na górnym pomoscie, moz¬ na podciagnac dolny pomost wgóre. Po za¬ mocowaniu zas dolnego pomostu w scia¬ nach szybu, opierajac sie na dolnym pomo¬ scie, mozna uniesc górny pomost wgóre po zwolnieniu go ze scian szybu.Te same czynnosci mozna dokonywac w odwrotnym kierunku i opuszczac cale urzadzenie wdól.Przedmiot wynalazku uwidoczniony jest w postaci przykladu na rysunku. Fig. 1 przedstawia widok pomostów, umie¬ szczonych w igórnej czesci szybu, fig. 2 — widok zgóry, przyczem czesc pokrycia po¬ mostu jest zerwana, fig. 3 — widok zboku belek pomostu i kubla, fig. 4 — widok zgó¬ ry kubla i drzwi w pomoscie i fig. 5 — przekrój wzdluz linji V—V na fig, 3.Urzadzenie sklada sie z górnego pomo¬ stu 1 i dolnego pomostu 2, zakrywajacych caly przekrój szybu. Pomosty zbudowane sa z dzwigarów zelaznych, zaopatrzonych w odpowiednie pokrycie 3 z desek. Kubly 13, opuszczane na linie 14, sa napelniane brylami skal za posrednictwem dowolnego rodzaju rynny spustowej przez otwory, znajdujace sie w pomostach i zakrywane klapami 4, osadzonemi na zawiasach 5.Kolo linowe 15 podwieszane jest na dolnej stronie górnego pomostu. Kubel 13 wodzo¬ ny jest w kierownicach linowych 16, wzdluz których przesuwa sie rama 17. Ra¬ ma 17 zaklada sie na krawedzi kubla 13 lub tez przy pomocy osobnych trzpieni za¬ czepia w oczka, przymocowane do kubla 13. Po wciagnieciu kubla 13 pomiedzy po¬ mosty górny i dolny rama 17 zatrzymana zostaje np. zapomoca wahliwych haków 18, kubel 13 wiec zostaje zwolniony. Na podszybiu rama 17 zostaje uchwycona przy pomocy poprzecznych zasuw, przyczem ku¬ bel zostaje zwolniony. Materjaly budowla¬ ne wciagane sa na górny pomost zapomo¬ ca liny, przewieszonej przez krazek, przy¬ mocowany do stropu 6 szybu lub do kozla, ustawionego na pomoscie i osadzonego na zawiasach tak, ze mozna go przewracac, aby nie przeszkadzal przy unoszeniu po¬ mostu pod sam strop 6.Do zmieniania odleglosci pomiedzy po¬ mostami 1 i 2 sluza cztery slupy 7, które lacza te pomosty. Kazdy slup 7 sklada sie z dwóch odcinków, wyposazonych jeden w lewy drugi w prawy gwint i polaczonych wspólna nakretka, przez obrót której slup 7 moze byc skracany wzglednie podluza- ny. Slupy 7 moga byc równiez uruchomia¬ ne zapomoca urzadzenia hydraulicznego.Poza tern pomosty 1 i 2 polaczone sa ze so¬ ba zapomoca lancuchów lub lin zabezpie¬ czajacych 8.Do osadzania pomostów w scianach omurowania szybu sluza zasuwy 9, które wsuwane sa recznie lub mechanicznie w odpowiednie otwory, pozostawione w scia¬ nie 10 szybu. Na górnym pomoscie 1 jest ustawiony pomost 12 z drzewa w celu pod¬ trzymywania stropu 6 zapomoca stempli 11.Urzadzenie wedlug wynalazku stosuje sie w nastepujacy sposób. Obydwa pomo¬ sty 1 i 2, ustawione w najmniejszej odle- — 2 —glosci od siebie, umieszcza sie w miejscu, gdzie ma byc rozpoczete pedzenie szybu.Nad pomostami zostaje wykonany wylom w skale na wysokosc okolo dwóch metrów, przyczem opadajace bryly nalezy usunac.Nastepnie prowadzi sie omurowanie roz¬ poczetego szybu i wtedy podnosi sie zapo- moca slupów 7 górny pomost 1 z odsunie- temi zasuwami 9, podczas gdy dolny po¬ most 2 pozostaje na miejscu. Gdy zasuwy 9 górnego pomostu zostana wsuniete w od¬ powiednio utworzone otwory w scianie 10, wtedy, sciagajac slupy 7, podnosi sie dol¬ ny pomost 2 z odsunietemi zasuwami, aby po podniesieniu go wysunac jego zasuwy 9 w nowe otwory w scianie 10, poczem szyb pedzi sie dalej w skale.Przez zastosowanie niniejszego urza¬ dzenia zabierajace wiele czasu i niebez¬ pieczne przestawianie i rozbieranie pomo¬ stów odpada calkowicie. Wylamywanie skaly mozna dokonywac w krótszych od¬ stepach, przez co uzyskuje sie moznosc ko¬ rzystania z tego samego pomostu 1 tez i do omurowywania scian 10, przyczem mula¬ rzy zabezpiecza sie od spadajacych odlam¬ ków skal stropu 6 zapomoca ustawienia na stemplach 11 pomostu 12.Przy tern urzadzeniu zbyteczna jest rynna spustowa, gdyz do stalych mocnych pomostów 1 \ 2 mozna przymocowac kolo lancuchowe lub linowe i spuszczac w ku¬ blach bryly bez przerwy, dzieki czemu skaly nie beda gromadzone na pomoscie. PL PLIn a mine, it sometimes happens that a shaft must be constructed by breaking rock from the bottom upwards. This method can be used to construct both the main hoisting shaft and blind shafts. Previously, such work was carried out by breaking rock to a height of 4 to 6 meters from a strong platform made of logs and round timbers. The falling rocks remained on the platform until they reached the desired height of 6 meters. Only then were the rocks lowered via a wooden or iron chute into the haulage gallery, and the platform was dismantled to be replaced with a lighter platform, which served as a base for masons to build the shaft's walls upwards. This lighter platform had to be repositioned every 1.5 to 2 meters. After the masonry had been completed along the entire height of the 6-meter gap, a new, strong platform was built, serving as a base for miners to cut further into the rock. This method of support has many disadvantages. The platforms must be dismantled and reassembled. The chute for lowering the rock masses must be very strongly constructed, and at greater heights, intermediate platforms should be used, as the chute could be completely shattered if the rock masses were to slide from a greater height. The working platform must support the entire mass of the shaft, and the miner must step over the solid blocks to reach the shaft roof. Furthermore, due to the strength of the platform, blocks detached from the roof cannot fall from a great height. Blocks lying on the platform interfere with work. Any work is not very safe if miners do not have convenient places to stand. The device according to the invention eliminates all these disadvantages, allows for simplified shaft movement, and significantly speeds up work. According to the invention, the device essentially consists of two levels, created from two platforms connected so that the distance between them can be increased or decreased. Therefore, when the upper platform is mounted in the shaft walls, the lower platform can be pulled upward by leaning on the upper platform. After the lower platform is mounted in the shaft walls, the upper platform can be lifted upward by releasing it from the shaft walls by leaning on the lower platform. The same operations can be performed in the opposite direction, lowering the entire device downwards. The invention is illustrated as an example in the drawing. Fig. 1 shows a view of the platforms located in the upper part of the shaft, Fig. 2 — a top view, with part of the platform covering torn off, Fig. 3 — a side view of the platform beams and the bucket, Fig. 4 — a top view of the bucket and the door in the platform, and Fig. 5 — a cross-section along line V—V in Fig. 3. The device consists of an upper platform 1 and a lower platform 2, covering the entire cross-section of the shaft. The platforms are constructed of iron girders, provided with a suitable covering 3 of planks. The buckets 13, lowered on a rope 14, are filled with rock lumps via any type of discharge chute through openings in the platforms and covered with flaps 4 mounted on hinges 5. The rope pulley 15 is suspended from the underside of the upper platform. The bucket 13 is guided by rope guides 16, along which the frame 17 slides. The frame 17 is placed on the edge of the bucket 13 or, using separate pins, is hooked into eyelets attached to the bucket 13. After the bucket 13 is pulled between the upper and lower platforms, the frame 17 is stopped, for example, by means of swinging hooks 18, and the bucket 13 is released. At the pit bottom, frame 17 is secured by transverse latches, releasing the bucket. The building materials are hoisted onto the upper platform using a rope suspended from a pulley attached to the shaft ceiling 6 or to a trestle placed on the platform and hinged so that it can be tipped over so as not to interfere with lifting the platform half up to ceiling 6. Four columns 7, which connect these platforms, are used to change the distance between platforms 1 and 2. Each column 7 consists of two sections, one with a left-hand thread, the other with a right-hand thread, and connected by a common nut, by turning which column 7 can be shortened or lengthened. The columns 7 can also be operated by means of a hydraulic device. In addition, the platforms 1 and 2 are connected to each other by means of chains or safety ropes 8. The platforms are mounted in the shaft walls using bolts 9, which are inserted manually or mechanically into appropriate holes left in the shaft wall 10. A wooden platform 12 is placed on the upper platform 1 to support the ceiling 6 using rams 11. The device according to the invention is used in the following manner. Both platforms 1 and 2, positioned at the shortest distance from each other, are placed in the place where the shaft is to be driven. A breach is made in the rock above the platforms to a height of about two meters, and the falling lumps are removed. Then the newly opened shaft is walled and then the upper platform 1 is raised with the help of columns 7 with the slide gates 9 moved away, while the lower platform 2 remains in place. When the bolts 9 of the upper platform are inserted into the appropriately formed holes in the wall 10, then, by pulling the pillars 7, the lower platform 2 is lifted with the bolts moved aside, so that after lifting it, its bolts 9 are pushed into the new holes in the wall 10, and then the shaft is driven further into the rock. By using this device, the time-consuming and dangerous rearranging and dismantling of the platforms is completely eliminated. The rock can be broken at shorter intervals, which makes it possible to use the same platform 1 also for bricklaying walls 10, with the masons being protected from falling rock fragments from the ceiling 6 by placing the platform 12 on the props 11. With this device, a discharge chute is unnecessary, as a chain or rope wheel can be attached to the fixed, strong platforms 1 and 2 and the lumps can be lowered in buckets without interruption, thanks to which the rocks will not accumulate on the platform.

PL13633A 1930-07-17 Shaft speeding bridge device. PL13633B1 (en)

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PL13633B1 true PL13633B1 (en) 1931-05-30

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