PL132737B1 - Asphalt containing insulating pvc plate - Google Patents

Asphalt containing insulating pvc plate Download PDF

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Publication number
PL132737B1
PL132737B1 PL1981234386A PL23438681A PL132737B1 PL 132737 B1 PL132737 B1 PL 132737B1 PL 1981234386 A PL1981234386 A PL 1981234386A PL 23438681 A PL23438681 A PL 23438681A PL 132737 B1 PL132737 B1 PL 132737B1
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Poland
Prior art keywords
weight
asphalt
layer
polyvinyl chloride
insulating
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Application number
PL1981234386A
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Polish (pl)
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PL234386A1 (en
Inventor
Jozsej Herendi
Rezso Csikos
Nandor Jankowics
Istvan Pajkos
Szablocs Kriston
Kalman Gulyas
Andars Balogh
Laszlo Tarkanyi
Gyula Vlasitsch
Peter Fuzi
Janos Kondor
Original Assignee
Graboplast Pamutszovo Es Mubor
Magyar Asvanyolaj Es Foeldgaz
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Publication of PL234386A1 publication Critical patent/PL234386A1/xx
Publication of PL132737B1 publication Critical patent/PL132737B1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B11/00Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
    • B32B11/04Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B11/00Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
    • B32B11/04Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B11/048Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/08Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/10Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/06Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard specially treated, e.g. surfaced, parchmentised
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/06Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J195/00Adhesives based on bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/10Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
    • E01C7/14Concrete paving
    • E01C7/145Sliding coverings, underlayers or intermediate layers ; Isolating or separating intermediate layers; Transmission of shearing force in horizontal intermediate planes, e.g. by protrusions, by inlays
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/08Damp-proof or other insulating layers; Drainage arrangements or devices ; Bridge deck surfacings
    • E01D19/083Waterproofing of bridge decks; Other insulations for bridges, e.g. thermal ; Bridge deck surfacings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/08Closed cell foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304Insulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/12Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/06PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest plyta izolacyjna z polichlorku winylu, zawierajaca asfalt.Ze wzgledu na niejednokrotnie niekorzystne warunki atmosferyczne konieczne jest izolo¬ wanie przed woda opadowa mostów, sieci drogowej, plyt ulicznych wykonanych z betonu cemen¬ towego, budynków oraz innych obiektów. Trwalosc izolacji wplywa decydujaco na uzytecznosc i okres trwania budowli. Stosowane zwykle izolacje asfaltowe nie zapewniaja dostatecznego zamkniecia szczelin tworzacych sie na mostach i plytach ulicznych na skutek ruchu dylata¬ cyjnego i drgan, woda opadowa latwo dostaje sie do powierzchni i powoduje powstawanie roz¬ miekczonych miejsc oraz korozje powierzchniowa, H.J. Stosch: Fehier beim Straesenban mit Bitumen, K5ln 1973, strona 133, Podobne szkody wystepuja takze przy izolacji innych budowli oraz obiektów.W praktyce wciaz Jeszcze najbardziej rozpowszechnione Jest izolowanie tradycyjnym pa¬ pierem asfaltowanym. Te izolacje papierowe wykonuje sie przez zalanie papieru goracym as¬ faltem. Plyty asfaltowe zawierajace papier jako nosnik latwo lamia sie i w uszkodzonych miejscach zaczynaja gnic. Skoro raz wystapia poczatkowe objawy uszkodzenia, izolacja szyb¬ ko przestaje dzialac. Uszkodzenia wystepuja przede wszystkim na punktach wezlowych, w miej¬ scach spoin plyt ulicznych oraz w miejscach narazonych na rubhy i z tego wzgledu naprawa ich polaczona jest z trudnosciami i ogromnymi kosztami, V. Blaha: Lebensdauer geklebter Bitumendachplatten und Yerkleidungen, Pozemni Stavly 1976, 4., strony 170-173* W praktyce poza izolacjami z plyt papierowych stosuje sie takze asfaltowane grube ply¬ ty oraz plyty izolacyjne z wkladkami aluminiowymi. Plyty te wykazuja duza niedogodnosc, a mianowicie szybko starzeja sie i poza tym, na skutek swego ciezaru, w niektórych miejscach, na przyklad przy izolacjach pionowych, stosowanie ich Jest bardzo ograniczone, Z. Reiter: Die Situation der Isolierung gegen Warnie und Waeser, Pozemni Stavly 1977, 1#, strony 31-35; C. Quwet: Unbrauchbarwerden von Dachisolierungen, Cahiers Techniaue du Moniteur, Paris 1977, 14, strony 94-95.2 132 737 W zwiazku z rozpowszechnieniem tworzyw sztucznych stosuje sie do izolacji coraz wiecej .tworzyw sztucznych, np. plyty z polichlorku winylu i polietylenu. W praktyce znane sa dwa typy izolacji plytowej, a mianowicie izolacje samoprzyczepne oraz izolowanie przy uzyciu klejów. W wiekszosci przypadków stosuje sie samoprzyczepne materialy izolacyjne, jednakze wytwarzanie ich polaczone jest z trudnosciami. Ale w nowoczesnej technice izolacyjnej by¬ loby zapotrzebowanie wlasnie na takie materialy izolacyjne, C. Hildebrand: Kunsetoffe im Bauwesen, Muszaki Kiado, Budapeszt, 1977.Do izolacji przeciw wodzie i wilgoci stosuje sie w coraz wiekszej mierze folie z po¬ lichlorku winylu. Folie te nadaja sie do celów izolacyjnych ze wzgledu na ich uzalezniona od zmiekczaczy elastycznosc, stosunkowo wysoka trwalosc, male wlasciwe pochlanianie wody oraz duza odpornosc na chemikalia. Poza tym korzystne jest to, ze folie te mozna zgrzewac goracym powietrzem. Niekorzystne wlasciwosci folii z polichlorku winylu lacza sie z zawar¬ tym zmiekczaczem. Na skutek migracji zmiekczacza pogarsza sie elastycznosc folii i zwieksza jej powierzchniowe pochlanianie wody. Ponadto tolerowanie asfaltu wzglednie uzytecznosc w ukladzie polaczonym zawierajacym asfalt zalezy od budowy zmiekczacza. Najczesciej stosuje sie folie razem z asfaltem, poniewaz wskutek migracji zmiekczacza elastycznosc folii maleje i z powodu dzialania dylatacji :na skutek wystepujacych wahan temperatury nie zapewnia ona niezawodnej izolacji.Znana jest z opisu patentowego Stanów Zjednoczonych nr 4 H8 959 samoprzyczepna folia izolacyjna skladajaca sie z dwu warBtw o róznym skladzie zespolonych z folia PVC albo folia PVC zawierajaca bitum. Obie warstwy wedlug podanych w opisie przykladów nanosi 3ie na folie z roztworów zawierajacych rozpuszczalnik, co jest zwiazane z trudnosciami ekonomiezno-tech- nologicznymi.Znane materialy izolacyjne na bazie tworzyw sztucznych pozwalaja ria ruch w dwu kierun¬ kach, a mianowicie podluznym i poprzecznym. Nie ma mozliwosci zmniejszenia ukierunkowanych pionowo oddzialywan oraz drgan i dlatego w wielu przypadkach konieczne jest wmontowanie specjalnych materialów tlumiacych drgania.Zadaniem wynalazku jest opracowanie materialu izolacyjnego, który w pewnej mierze zmniej¬ sza dzialanie sil pionowych drgania i naciski oraz opóznia lub usuwa przedwczesna niezdat¬ nosc mostów, torowisk drogowych, budowli oraz innych obiektów.Zgodnie z wynalazkiem opracowano plyte izolacyjna z polichlorku winylu, zawierajaca asfalt, skladajaca sie ze zwartej izolujacej folii z polichlorku winylu, zawierajacej as¬ falt, z warstwy ze spienionego polichlorku winylu o zamknietych porach, zawierajacej asfalt, z warstwy zapewniajacej samoprzyczepnosc i zespolenie oraz warstwy rozdzielczej, korzystnie z silikonowanego papieru, umozliwiajacej rolowanie, znamienna tym, ze warstwa zapewniajaca samoprzyczepnosc i zespolenie zawiera 50-80% wagowych asfaltu, 15-5% wagowych substancji polepszajacych przyczepnosc, a mianowicie zywice z drzew iglastych i polibuten, 12-2% wago¬ wych kopolimeru butadien-styren i/lub ataktycznego propylenu, 23-13% wagowych zmiekczacza, a mianowicie ftalanu dwuoktylu albo epoksydowana pochodna oleju roslinnego i zawiera ewentualnie napelniacze, a mianowicie talk albo krede plawiówa.Przy izolowaniu, uwlaszcza mostów i plyt ulicznych, na folie izolacyjna z polichlorku winylu nanosi sie warstwe asfaltu, która tylko wówczas jest odpowiednio przyczepna, gdy za¬ stosowana folia z polichlorku winylu zawiera równiez asfalt. Wytwarzanie tego rodzaju folii z polichlorku winylu, zawierajacej asfalt, podane jest w wegierskim opisie patentowym nr 155 853« Zgodnie z tym opisem patentowym zawierajaca asfalt folie wytwarza sie tak, ze wykazujacy okreslone parametry porowaty lub uplastyczniony i porowaty asfalt o budowie pe- ptyzowanego zelu rozpuszcza sie w czesci przeznaczonego do zastosowania zmiekczacza. Poli¬ chlorek winylu zmiekcza sie pozostala czescia zmiekczacza i potem zadaje roztworem asfaltu* W ten sposób otrzymuje sie jednak zwarta folie, przy zastosowaniu której uderzajace sily pionowe godza bezposrednio w izolowany obiekt, to znaczy folia nie jest zdolna powstrzymac lub zmniejszyc uszkodzenia nastepujacego wskutek uderzenia albo drgania.132 737 3 Druga warstwa zawierajacej asfalt plyty izolacyjnej z polichlorku winylu jest warstwa gabczasta o zamknietych porach, która laczy sie z asfaltowana warstwa zwarta i która wyko¬ nana jest z takiego samego materialu jak warstwa zwarta. Na warstwe gabczasta naklada sie warstwe zapewniajaca samoprzyczepnosc i zespolenie, a na nia warstwe rozdzielcza. Warstwa gabczasta moze byc wytworzona w znany sposób z tworzywa sztucznego. Sluzy cna w pierwszym rzedzie do tlumienia oddzialywan sil pionowych, jak nacisku i uderzenia* Zadaniem wymienio¬ nej, dzialajacej równiez izolujaco, naniesionej na warstwe gabczasta warstwy samoprzycze- pnej i zespalajacej jest umozliwienie naklejenia materialu izolacyjnego na izolowana po¬ wierzchnie, zapewnienie calkowitego zamkniecia na zakladkach oraz poza tym izolowanie, a zatem warstwa ta ma duze znaczenie.Do wytwarzania plyty izolacyjnej wedlug wynalazku stosuje sie asfalt o temperaturze mieknienia 45-120°C i penetracji 100-20 /w temperaturze 25°C, 0,i mm/. Do tego celu odpo¬ wiednie sa asfalty B-90, K-3 i 85/25 /Koolajtermekek kezikonyve /«Handbuch der ErdBlpro- dukte/ Mdszaki K8nyvkiadó Budapeszt, 1978/. Mozna stosowac takze mieszaniny tych asfaltów.Jako substancje polepszajace przyczepnosc wchodza w rachube kalafonia /zywica z drzew iglastych/ i podobne zywice naturalne i syntetyczne, poza tym polibuten i podobne polime¬ ry, które wykazuja ciezar czasteczkowy 850-1350, gestosc 0,85-0,95 g/cnr i liczbe bromowa na1 wyzej 25$. Korzystnie stosuje sie polibuteny o ciezarze czasteczkowym 950 ± 100, ges¬ tosci 0,88 &/cm i liczbie bromowej okolo 20$. Stosowana kalafonia wykazuje temperature mieknienia 60-100°C i liczbe kwasowa 100-200 mg KOH/g.Jako kauczuk syntetyczny, który poprawia elastycznosc i wlasciwosci izolacyjne, na przyklad odpornosc wobec soli i wody, warstwy przyczepnej, stosuje sie polimery, które nie wytracaja aie z asfaltu i tworza z nim jednorodny uklad. Wyrózniaja sie kopolimery bu- tadien-styren o zawartosci butadienu 60-75$ wagowych. Kopolimery wykazuja gestosc 0,9- 1,0 g/cm , wytrzymalosc na rozrywanie 18-26 MPa i wydluzenie przy rozerwaniu 500-1000$.Poza tym mozna stosowac takze ataktyczny polipropylen o temperaturze topnienia 130-175°C, gestosci 0,8-0,9 g/cm5 i penetracji 15-30.Temperature mieknienia warstwy przyczepnej ustala sie stosowanymi równiez w przemys¬ le tworzyw sztucznych zmiekczaczami. Korzystnie stosuje sie ftalan dwuok.tylowy, ale ewen¬ tualnie takze oleje roslinne 1 mineralne, które w temperaturze 20°C wykazuja lepkosc 5-50 mm /s i których temperatura krzepniecia lezy ponizej 0 C, a temperatura zaplonu po¬ wyzej 150°C.Jako napelniacze, których zadaniem jest modyfikacja odpowiednia do kazdorazowego wy¬ magania oraz zaoszczedzenie innych skladników, wchodza w rachube substancje nieorganiczne, np. talk, kreda plawiona 1 inne.Nizej podane sa niektóre korzystne zestawy dla warstwy przyczepnej i zespalajacej: a/ asfalt 85/25 70$ wagowych, ftalan dwuoktylowy 7$ wagowych, zywica z drzew iglastych o temperaturze topnienia 65-75°C 5$ wagowych, talk o gestosci 2,2-2,3 g/cm5 6$ wagowych, kopolimer butadien-styren o zawartosci butadienu 60$ wagowych 4$ wagowe, ataktyczny poli¬ propylen o temperaturze topnienia 140-150°C 3$ wagowe, polibuten o ciezarze czasteczkowym 950+ 100 i gestosci 0,8 g/cm5 5$ wagowych; b/ asfalt B-90 50$ wagowych, asfalt K-3 13$ wagowych, ftalan dwuoktylowy 9$ wagowych, zywica z drzew iglastych o temperaturze topnienia 65-75°C 12$wagowych, ataktyczny poli¬ propylen o temperaturze topnienia 140-150°C 8$ wagowych, kreda plawiona o gestosci 0,8- 1,8 g/cm5 8$ wagowych; c/ asfalt B-90 63$ wagowych, ftalan dwuoktylowy 6$ wagowych, zywica z drzew iglastych o temperaturze topnienia 65-75°C 10$ wagowych, kopolimer butadien-styren o zawartosci butadienu 60$ wagowych 8$ wagowych, polibuten o ciezarze czasteczkowym 950+100 i gestosci 0,8 g/on5 5$ wagowyoh, talk o gestosci 2,2-2,3 g/om5 8$ wagowych.Plyty izolacyjne z polichlorku winylu, zawierajace asfalt, wytwarza sie korzystnie w nastepujacy sposób; folie polaczona, to znaczy skladajaca sie z warstwy gabczastej i ze stanowiacej warstwe wierzchnia zwartej folii wytwarza sie z plastizolów w jednym etapie.4 132 737 Warstwa gabczasta 100 80 - 2 1 / 5 5 Zwarta warstwa wierzchnia 100 - 80 5 2 2 - - W procesie wytwarzania jako nosnik sluzy stalowa tasma bez konca, a do nanoszenia stosuje sie dwie powlekarki zaopatrzone w gumowe walce* Flastizole wykazuja przykladowo nastepujace sklady, przy czym podane czesci sa czescia¬ mi wagowymi.Skladniki polichlorek winylu emulsyjny K 67 polichlorek winylu emulsyjny K 60 asfalt zawierajacy zmiekezacz zmiekczacz ftalanowy stabilizator •poksydowany olej sojowy azodikarbonamid /substancja porotwórcza/ napelniacz Zestawy skladników homogenizuje sie w mieszalniku planetarnym* Nizej podane sa parametry technologiczne nanoszenia plastizoli powlekarkami jednowalcowymi i zelowania w tunelu: szybkosc posuwu tasmy 9 m/minute temperatura w tunelu zelujacym przy nanoszeniu warstwy wierzchniej 200-250 C przy nanoszeniu warstwy gabczastej 260-280°C szerokosc powlekania 1480 mm ciezar powierzchniowy zwarta 2 warstwa wierzchnia 950 g/ra warstwa gabczasta 450 g/m grubosc warstwy wierzchniej 0,9 + 0,1 mm grubosc calkowita 2,3+0,1 mm W celu wytworzenia warstwy przyczepnej o wyzej podanym skladzie dodaje sie kolejno skladniki do stopionego, wykazujacego temperature 150-170°C, asfaltu, przy czym jako pier¬ wszy skladnik dodaje sie substancje wplywajaca na temperature mieknienia. Otrzymana mie¬ szanine homogenizuje sie potem jeszcze przez 3-4 godzin* Przygotowana w ten sposób mase, wykazujaca temperature 90-110°C, nanosi sie na warstwe gabczasta za pomoca powlekarki, przy czym polaczona folie przeprowadza sie pod przestaw¬ nym rakiem, a przed rakiem podaje sie mase w sposób ciagly na warstwe gabczasta. Po rozpro¬ wadzeniu masy przyczepnej polaczona folie nawija sie razem z warstwa rozdzielcza /"podklad¬ ka drukarska"/» korzystnie z silikonowanym papierem* Mozna oczywiscie postepowac tak, ze mase przyczepna nanosi sie na warstwe rozdzielcza i nastepnie jeszcze ciepla sprasowuje sie za pomoca walca z polaczona folia* W obydwu przy¬ padkach grubosc warstwy przyczepnej reguluje sie przez ustawienie rakla.Plyta izolacyjna wedlug wynalazku posiada przykladowo nastepujace parametry: zabarwienie ciezar powierzchniowy grubosc calkowita warstwy wierzchniej warstwy gabczastej warstwy przyozepnej szerokosc wytrzymalosc na odrywanie wydluzenie przy rozerwaniu wytrzymalosc na rozciaganie odpornosc na dzialanie niskiej temperatury czarne 1700-1900 g/m2 2,4 + 0,1 mm 0,9 + 0,1 mm 1,3 mm 0,3 mm 900+3# albo 500+3# /mm/ 80 N/cm 250% 10 MPa -20°C pochlanianie wody 0,3%.132 737 5 Zdolnosc izolacyjna zawierajacej asfalt plyty izolacyjnej wedlug wynalazku badano w ten sposób, ze na kostke betonowa naklejono plyte warstwa samoprzyczena i przewalkowano.Przed tym, w celu usuniecia przylegajacego do niej pylu, potraktowano ja roztworem asfaltu w rozpuszczalniku. Plyta trzymala sie betonu dobrze i tworzyla wodoszczelna powloke równiez na zakladkach.Aby odciagnac plyte izolacyjna od betonu nalezalo przy kacie odciagania 180° uzyc sily 10 N/cn, natomiast wytrzymalosc na scinanie wynosila 200-250 N/10 cm . Na zakladkach wy- trzymalosc na odciaganie wynosila 6-8 N/cra, a wytrzymalosc na scinanie 100-130 N/10 cm • Doswiadczalne kostki betonowe, izolowane w opisany sposób z zakladka o szerokosci 4 cmf poddano dzialaniu slupa wody o wysokosci 1 m i zbadano po uplywie jednego miesiaca. Kostki betonowe byly zupelnie suche, co dowodzi, ze zakladki tworzyly calkowite zamkniecie.Zastrzezenie patentowe Plyta izolacyjna z polichlorku winylu, zawierajaca asfalt, skladajaca sie ze zwartej izolujacej folii z polichlorku winylu zawierajacej asfalt, warstwy ze spienionego polichlor¬ ku winylu o zamknietych porach zawierajacej asfalt, warstwy zapewniajacej samoprzyczepnosc i zespolenie, oraz warstwy rozdzielczej, korzystnie z silikonowanego papieru, umozliwiaja¬ cej rolowanie, znamienna tym, ze warstwa zapewniajaca samoprzyczepnosc i zes¬ polenie zawiera 50-80% wagowych asfaltu, 15—5% wagowych substancji polepszajacych przyczep¬ nosc, a mianowicie zywice z drzew iglastych i polibuten, 12-2% wagowych kopolimeru butadien- 8tyren i/lub ataktycznego propylenu, 23-13% wagowych zmiekczacza, a mianowicie dioktylofta¬ lonu albo epoksydowana pochodna oleju roslinnego i zawiera ewentualnie napelniacze, a mia¬ nowicie talk albo krede plawlowa. PL PL PL PL The subject of the invention is an insulating board made of polyvinyl chloride containing asphalt. Due to often unfavorable weather conditions, it is necessary to insulate bridges, road networks, street slabs made of cement concrete, buildings and other facilities against rainwater. The durability of insulation has a decisive influence on the usability and durability of the structure. The commonly used asphalt insulation does not provide sufficient closure of the gaps that form on bridges and street slabs as a result of expansion movement and vibrations, rainwater easily penetrates the surface and causes the formation of soft spots and surface corrosion, H.J. Stosch: Fehier beim Straesenban mit Bitumen, K5ln 1973, page 133, Similar damage also occurs when insulating other buildings and facilities. In practice, insulating with traditional asphalt paper is still the most widespread. These paper insulations are made by pouring hot asphalt onto the paper. Asphalt slabs containing paper as a carrier break easily and begin to rot in damaged places. Once the initial signs of damage occur, the insulation quickly ceases to function. The damage occurs mainly at junction points, at the joints of street slabs and in places exposed to rubble, and for this reason their repair is associated with difficulties and huge costs, V. Blaha: Lebensdauer geklebter Bitumendachplatten und Yerkleidungen, Pozemni Stavly 1976, 4. , pages 170-173* In practice, apart from insulation made of paper boards, thick asphalted boards and insulating boards with aluminum inserts are also used. These boards have a major disadvantage, namely they age quickly and, due to their weight, in some places, for example in vertical insulation, their use is very limited, Z. Reiter: Die Situation der Isolierung gegen Warnie und Waeser, Pozemni Stavly 1977, 1#, pages 31-35; C. Quwet: Unbrauchbarwerden von Dachisolierungen, Cahiers Techniaue du Moniteur, Paris 1977, 14, pp. 94-95.2 132 737 Due to the spread of plastics, more and more plastics are used for insulation, e.g. polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene boards. In practice, two types of board insulation are known, namely self-adhesive insulation and insulation using adhesives. In most cases, self-adhesive insulating materials are used, but their production is difficult. But in modern insulation technology there would be a demand for such insulating materials, C. Hildebrand: Kunsetoffe im Bauwesen, Muszaki Kiado, Budapest, 1977. Polyvinyl chloride foils are increasingly used for insulation against water and moisture. These foils are suitable for insulating purposes due to their elasticity dependent on softeners, relatively high durability, low specific water absorption and high resistance to chemicals. Additionally, it is advantageous that these foils can be welded with hot air. The unfavorable properties of polyvinyl chloride foil are related to the softener contained in it. Due to the migration of the softener, the elasticity of the foil deteriorates and its surface water absorption increases. Furthermore, asphalt tolerance or suitability in an asphalt-containing combined system depends on the structure of the softener. Most often, the foil is used together with asphalt, because due to the migration of the softener, the elasticity of the foil decreases and due to the action of expansion joints: due to the occurring temperature fluctuations, it does not provide reliable insulation. A self-adhesive insulating foil consisting of two layers is known from the United States patent no. 4 H8 959 of various compositions combined with PVC foil or PVC foil containing bitumen. Both layers according to the examples given in the description are applied to foils from solutions containing a solvent, which is associated with economic and technological difficulties. Known insulating materials based on plastics allow the film to move in two directions, namely longitudinal and transverse. It is not possible to reduce vertically directed impacts and vibrations and therefore in many cases it is necessary to install special vibration-damping materials. The purpose of the invention is to develop an insulating material that to some extent reduces the effects of vertical vibrations and pressures and delays or removes premature unfitness. bridges, road tracks, buildings and other objects. According to the invention, an insulating board made of polyvinyl chloride containing asphalt was developed, consisting of a compact insulating foil made of polyvinyl chloride containing asphalt and a layer of closed-pore foamed polyvinyl chloride containing asphalt. , with a layer ensuring self-adhesion and bonding and a separation layer, preferably made of siliconized paper, enabling rolling, characterized in that the layer ensuring self-adhesion and bonding contains 50-80% by weight of asphalt, 15-5% by weight of substances improving adhesion, namely tree resins coniferous and polybutene, 12-2% by weight of butadiene-styrene copolymer and/or atactic propylene, 23-13% by weight of a softener, namely dioctyl phthalate or an epoxidized derivative of vegetable oil, and optionally contains fillers, namely talc or chalk. When insulating, especially bridges and street slabs, a layer of asphalt is applied to the polyvinyl chloride insulating foil, which is only adhesive if the polyvinyl chloride foil used also contains asphalt. The production of this type of polyvinyl chloride film containing asphalt is described in the Hungarian patent specification No. 155,853. part of the softener intended for use. The polyvinyl chloride is softened with the remaining part of the softener and then treated with an asphalt solution. In this way, however, a compact foil is obtained, when applied vertical forces directly hit the insulated object, i.e. the foil is not able to prevent or reduce damage resulting from impact or impact. vibration.132 737 3 The second layer of the asphalt-containing polyvinyl chloride insulating board is a closed-pore spongy layer which connects to the asphalt compact layer and which is made of the same material as the compact layer. A layer ensuring self-adhesion and bonding is applied to the spongy layer, followed by a separating layer. The sponge layer can be made of plastic in a known manner. It serves primarily to dampen the effects of vertical forces, such as pressure and impact*. The purpose of the mentioned self-adhesive and bonding layer applied to the sponge layer, which also acts as an insulator, is to enable the insulating material to be glued to the insulated surface, ensuring complete sealing on the overlaps and, in addition, insulation, so this layer is of great importance. To produce the insulating board according to the invention, asphalt with a softening temperature of 45-120°C and a penetration of 100-20 (at a temperature of 25°C, 0.1 mm) is used. The asphalts B-90, K-3 and 85/25 are suitable for this purpose (Koolajtermekek kezikonyve /«Handbuch der ErdBlprodukte/ Mdszaki K8nyvkiadó Budapest, 1978). Mixtures of these asphalts can also be used. Suitable adhesion-improving substances include rosin (coniferous resin) and similar natural and synthetic resins, in addition to polybutene and similar polymers, which have a molecular weight of 850-1350 and a density of 0.85- 0.95 g/cnr and a bromine number of over $25. Preferably, polybutenes with a molecular weight of 950 ± 100, a density of 0.88 cm and a bromine number of about 20 are used. The rosin used has a softening point of 60-100°C and an acid number of 100-200 mg KOH/g. Polymers are used as synthetic rubber that improves elasticity and insulating properties, for example resistance to salt and water, adhesive layer, which do not made of asphalt and form a homogeneous system with it. There are butadiene-styrene copolymers with a butadiene content of 60-75% by weight. The copolymers have a density of 0.9-1.0 g/cm, a tearing strength of 18-26 MPa and an elongation at break of 500-1000$. In addition, atactic polypropylene with a melting point of 130-175°C and a density of 0.8 can also be used. -0.9 g/cm5 and penetration 15-30. The softening temperature of the adhesive layer is determined by softeners also used in the plastics industry. Preferably, dioctyl phthalate is used, but optionally also vegetable and mineral oils which have a viscosity of 5-50 mm/s at a temperature of 20°C and whose solidification point is below 0°C and whose flash point is above 150°C. Inorganic substances, e.g. talc, talcum chalk and others, are suitable as fillers, the task of which is to modify them according to each requirement and to save other ingredients: a/ asphalt 85/ 25 70% by weight, dioctyl phthalate 7% by weight, coniferous resin with a melting point of 65-75°C 5% by weight, talc with a density of 2.2-2.3 g/cm5 6% by weight, butadiene-styrene copolymer containing butadiene 60% by weight 4% by weight, atactic polypropylene with a melting point of 140-150°C 3% by weight, polybutene with a molecular weight of 950+100 and a density of 0.8 g/cm5 5% by weight; b/ B-90 asphalt 50% by weight, K-3 asphalt 13% by weight, dioctyl phthalate 9% by weight, coniferous resin with a melting point of 65-75°C 12% by weight, atactic polypropylene with a melting point of 140-150 °C 8% by weight, colored chalk with a density of 0.8-1.8 g/cm5 8% by weight; c/ asphalt B-90 63% by weight, dioctyl phthalate 6% by weight, coniferous resin with a melting point of 65-75°C 10% by weight, butadiene-styrene copolymer with a butadiene content 60% by weight 8% by weight, polybutene with molecular weight 950+100 and a density of 0.8 g/m5 5 wt by weight, talc with a density of 2.2-2.3 g/m5 wt. a combined foil, i.e. consisting of a spongy layer and a dense foil constituting the top layer, produced from plastisols in one step.4 132 737 Spongy layer 100 80 - 2 1 / 5 5 Dense top layer 100 - 80 5 2 2 - - W In the production process, an endless steel tape serves as a carrier, and two coaters equipped with rubber rollers are used for application. Flastisols have, for example, the following compositions, the given parts being parts by weight. Ingredients: polyvinyl chloride emulsion K 67, polyvinyl chloride emulsion K 60 asphalt containing a softener, phthalate softener, stabilizer • oxidized soybean oil, azodicarbonamide /pore-forming agent/ filler. The sets of ingredients are homogenized in a planetary mixer*. Below are the technological parameters for applying plastisols with single-roller coaters and gelling in the tunnel: belt feed speed 9 m/minute temperature in the gelling tunnel during application top layer 200-250 C when applying the sponge layer 260-280°C coating width 1480 mm compact surface weight 2 top layer 950 g/m spongy layer 450 g/m top layer thickness 0.9 + 0.1 mm total thickness 2, 3+0.1 mm In order to create an adhesive layer with the above-mentioned composition, the ingredients are successively added to the molten asphalt at a temperature of 150-170°C, with a substance influencing the softening point added as the first ingredient. The obtained mixture is then homogenized for another 3-4 hours. The mass prepared in this way, with a temperature of 90-110°C, is applied to the sponge layer using a spreader, and the combined foil is passed under an adjustable spreader, and against cancer, the mass is administered continuously onto the spongy layer. After spreading the adhesive mass, the combined foil is rolled together with a release layer ("printing pad", preferably with siliconized paper). You can, of course, apply the adhesion mass to the release layer and then press it while still warm using a roller. with bonded foil* In both cases, the thickness of the adhesive layer is regulated by setting the doctor blade. The insulating board according to the invention has, for example, the following parameters: color surface weight total thickness of the top layer spongy layer adhesive layer width peel strength elongation at break tensile strength resistance to low temperature effect black 1700-1900 g/m2 2.4 + 0.1 mm 0.9 + 0.1 mm 1.3 mm 0.3 mm 900+3# or 500+3# /mm/ 80 N/cm 250% 10 MPa -20°C water absorption 0.3%.132 737 5 The insulating capacity of the asphalt-containing insulating board according to the invention was tested by applying a self-adhesive layer to the concrete cube and rolling it. Before doing so, in order to remove the adhering layer dust, it was treated with a solution of asphalt in a solvent. The board adhered to the concrete well and created a waterproof coating also at the overlaps. To pull the insulating board away from the concrete, a force of 10 N/cn had to be used at a pull-off angle of 180°, while the shear strength was 200-250 N/10 cm. On overlaps, the tensile strength was 6-8 N/cra and the shear strength was 100-130 N/10 cm. • Experimental concrete cubes, insulated in the described manner with an overlap of 4 cmf were subjected to a 1 m high water column and tested after one month. The concrete cubes were completely dry, which proves that the overlaps formed a complete closure. Patent claim Insulating board made of polyvinyl chloride, containing asphalt, consisting of a compact insulating polyvinyl chloride foil containing asphalt, a layer of closed-pore foamed polyvinyl chloride containing asphalt , a layer ensuring self-adhesion and bonding, and a separation layer, preferably made of siliconized paper, enabling rolling, characterized in that the layer ensuring self-adhesion and bonding contains 50-80% by weight of asphalt, 15-5% by weight of substances improving adhesion , namely coniferous resins and polybutene, 12-2% by weight of butadiene-8-tyrene copolymer and/or atactic propylene, 23-13% by weight of a plasticizer, namely dioctylphthalone or an epoxidized derivative of vegetable oil, and optionally containing fillers, and fines new talcum powder or plavlow chalk. PL PL PL PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Plyta izolacyjna z polichlorku winylu, zawierajaca asfalt, skladajaca sie ze zwartej izolujacej folii z polichlorku winylu zawierajacej asfalt, warstwy ze spienionego polichlor¬ ku winylu o zamknietych porach zawierajacej asfalt, warstwy zapewniajacej samoprzyczepnosc i zespolenie, oraz warstwy rozdzielczej, korzystnie z silikonowanego papieru, umozliwiaja¬ cej rolowanie, znamienna tym, ze warstwa zapewniajaca samoprzyczepnosc i zes¬ polenie zawiera 50-80% wagowych asfaltu, 15—5% wagowych substancji polepszajacych przyczep¬ nosc, a mianowicie zywice z drzew iglastych i polibuten, 12-2% wagowych kopolimeru butadien- 8tyren i/lub ataktycznego propylenu, 23-13% wagowych zmiekczacza, a mianowicie dioktylofta¬ lonu albo epoksydowana pochodna oleju roslinnego i zawiera ewentualnie napelniacze, a mia¬ nowicie talk albo krede plawlowa. PL PL PL PL1. Patent claim Insulating board made of polyvinyl chloride, containing asphalt, consisting of a compact insulating polyvinyl chloride foil containing asphalt, a layer of closed-pore foamed polyvinyl chloride containing asphalt, a layer ensuring self-adhesion and bonding, and a separation layer, preferably with siliconized paper, enabling rolling, characterized in that the layer ensuring self-adhesion and bonding contains 50-80% by weight of asphalt, 15-5% by weight of substances improving adhesion, namely coniferous resins and polybutene, 12-2 % by weight of butadiene-8-thyrene copolymer and/or atactic propylene, 23-13% by weight of a softener, namely dioctylphthalone or an epoxidized derivative of vegetable oil, and optionally contains fillers, namely talc or plavula chalk. PL PL PL PL
PL1981234386A 1980-12-30 1981-12-22 Asphalt containing insulating pvc plate PL132737B1 (en)

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LU87559A1 (en) * 1989-07-18 1991-02-18 Eurofloor Sa THERMOFORMABLE MATERIALS MADE OF AT LEAST TWO LAYERS, PROCESS FOR OBTAINING AND APPLYING THEM
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