PL123851B1 - Stabilizer for suspension polymerization of monomers - Google Patents

Stabilizer for suspension polymerization of monomers Download PDF

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Publication number
PL123851B1
PL123851B1 PL22429280A PL22429280A PL123851B1 PL 123851 B1 PL123851 B1 PL 123851B1 PL 22429280 A PL22429280 A PL 22429280A PL 22429280 A PL22429280 A PL 22429280A PL 123851 B1 PL123851 B1 PL 123851B1
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
stabilizer
calcium
monomers
weight
calcium phosphate
Prior art date
Application number
PL22429280A
Other languages
Polish (pl)
Other versions
PL224292A1 (en
Inventor
Benedykt Kubica
Jerzy Wojcik
I Roman Jurczak
Maksymilian Durak
Ii Roman Jurczak
Jozef Grzeslo
Jerzy Muranski
Original Assignee
Osrodek Badawczo
Rozwojowy Kauczukow I Tworzyw Winylowych
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osrodek Badawczo, Rozwojowy Kauczukow I Tworzyw Winylowych filed Critical Osrodek Badawczo
Priority to PL22429280A priority Critical patent/PL123851B1/en
Priority to GB8114595A priority patent/GB2075994B/en
Priority to RO81104297A priority patent/RO82554A/en
Priority to DD23000281A priority patent/DD158909A5/en
Priority to DE19813119486 priority patent/DE3119486A1/en
Publication of PL224292A1 publication Critical patent/PL224292A1/xx
Publication of PL123851B1 publication Critical patent/PL123851B1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/12Polymerisation in non-solvents
    • C08F2/16Aqueous medium
    • C08F2/18Suspension polymerisation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest wysokoaktywny sta¬ bilizator suspensji, stosowany w procesach poli¬ meryzacji i kopolimeryzacji monomerów, takich jak styren, alfametylostyren, dwuwinylobenzen, akrylonitryl oraz estry kwasu akrylowego i meta¬ krylowego.Powszechnie stosowanym srodkiem stabilizuja¬ cym uklady polimeryzujace jest fosforan lub poli¬ fosforan wapniowy, uzywany w ilosciacji 0,3 do 0,6fyo wagowych w stosunku do sporzadzanej fa¬ zy wodnej. Aktywnosc stosowanego stabilizatora zalezy w duzym stopniu od sposobu jego wytwa¬ rzania oraz od. dodatku srodków modyfikujacych, majacych wplyw na zdolnosc pokrywania powierz¬ chni polimeryzujacych perelek, rozproszonych w fazie wodnej.Znany jest z opisu patentowego polskiego nr 72 906 sposób wytwarzania stabilizatora suspensji polegajacy na tym, ze wytracanie fosforanu wap¬ niowego prowadzi sie bezposrednio w reaktorze polimeryzacyjnym, przez wprowadzenie wodnego roztworu fosforanu sodowego do wodnego roztwo¬ ru chlorku wapniowego, z rozpuszczona w nim so¬ la sodowa kopolimeru styrenu z kwasem maleino- wym.Tak sporzadzony stabilizator zapewnia dobre re¬ zultaty w procesach polimeryzacyjnych prowadzo¬ nych w temperaturach do 100°C, natomiast w tem¬ peraturach wyzszych skutecznosc stabilizacji tym koloidem ochronnym jest niewystarczajaca. 2 Znany jest z opisu patentowego polskiego Nr 99 897 sposób wytwarzania stabilizatora dla suspen¬ syjnej polimeryzacji prowadzonej w wyzszych tem¬ peraturach. Sposób ten polega na tym, ze z zawie- 5 siny wodorotlenku wapniowego lub wody wapien¬ nej, zawierajacej nieznaczne ilosci zwiazków ma¬ gnezu i amonu, wytraca sie polifosforan wap¬ niowy, przy uzyciu rozcienczonego kwasu fosfo¬ rowego. Uzyskany produkt, po odsaczeniu, zarabia 19 sie z woda odmineralizowana na subtelna zawiesi¬ ne, która stosuje sie do sporzadzania suspensji ukladów polimeryzujacych.Podstawowym parametrem jakosci stabilizatora suspensji jest jego zdolnosc do równomiernego po¬ la krywania powierzchni polimeryzujacych perelek monomerów, zawieszonych w fazie wodnej. Zdol¬ nosc ta jest uzalezniona od struktury, wielkosci czastek stabilizatora oraz rodzaju ladunku na ich powierzchni. 20 Prowadzone badania nad poprawa jakosci sta¬ bilizatora szly w kierunku modyfikacji fosforanu wapniowego takimi srodkami, które beda przeciw¬ dzialac jego koagulacji.Nieoczekiwanie okazalo sie, ze srodkami takimi 25 sa sole wapniowe kwasu octowego lub kwasu propionowego. Wymienione zwiazki, dodane do fo¬ sforanu wapniowego, adsorbuja sie na powierzchni jego czastek, a dzieki ograniczonej dysocjacji, do¬ skonale stabilizuja ladunek powierzchniowy. * Stabilizator wedlug wynalazku, stanowiacy fosfo- 123 8513 ran wapniowy, otrzymywany znanym sposobem, w formie hydroksyapatytu, zawiera ponadto sól wap¬ niowa kwasu octowego lub sól wapniowa kwasu propionowego, w ilosci 5 do 20% wagowych w stosunku do masy fosforanu wapniowego.Stabilizator o skladzie wedlug wynalazku moze byc stosowany do procesów polimeryzacji w posta¬ ci plynnej zawiesiny 'o zawartosci suchej masy do 35'% wagowych, lub tez po wysuszeniu i roz¬ drobnieniu — w formie proszku, który zmieszany z faza wodna pecznieje i tworzy subtelna zawie¬ sine.Stabilizator wedlug wynalazku wykazuje znacz¬ nie wyzsza aktywnosc niz stabilizatory znane, co pozwala na obnizenie jego stezenia w procesach polimeryzacyjnych, a to z kolei wplywa na obnize¬ nie kosztów produkcji, jak równiez przyczynia sie do ograniczenia powstajacych uciazliwych scieków przemyslowych.Zateta stabilizatora jest ponadto tworzenie pere¬ lek polimeru o okreslonym zakresie wielkosci, co ogranicza rozrzut granulacji uzyskiwanego pro¬ duktu.Stabilizator wedlug wynalazku jest blizej przed¬ stawiony w przykladach jego sporzadzania, a jego zalety wynikaja z porównawczych badan zdolnosci stabilizacyjnej w procesie suspensji polimeryzacji styrenu.Przyklad I. Do mieszalnika zaopatrzonego w szybkoobrotowe mieszadlo, wprowadzono 100 kg mokrego osadu fosforanu wapniowego, zawieraja¬ cego okolo 30% suchej masy, oraz 20 dcm3 25% roztworu wodnego octanu wapniowego. Po 2-go- dzinnym mieszaniu otrzymano homogenna plynna zawiesine stabilizatora.Przyklad II. Postepowano jak w przykladzie I, z tym, ze obnizono dodatek octanu wapniowe¬ go do 2,5 dcm3 25% roztworu wodnego.Przyklad III. Postepowano jak w przykla¬ dzie I, wprowadzajac do mieszalnika zamiast oc¬ tanu wapniowego 10 dcm3 20% roztworu wodnego propionianu wapniowego.Przyklad IV. Sporzadzono stabilizator jak w przykladzie I. Uzyskana zawiesine wysuszono i* rozdrobniono w mlynie udarowym na proszek 3 851 4 Stabilizator sporzadzony wedlug przykladów I— —IV zastosowano w procesie suspensyjnej polime¬ ryzacji styrenu oraz kopolimeryzacj i styrenu z dwuwinylobenzenem, sporzadzajac faze wodna o 5 zawartosci 0,15% i 0,05% wagowych stabilizatora.Proces polimeryzacji przebiegal prawidlowo. Otrzy¬ mane perelki posiadaly wymiary od 0,25 do 0,75 mm i stanowily 97% calkowitej masy produktu.Wlasnosci fizykomechaniczne i przetwórcze poli- io meru utrzymywaly sie w normie.W tabeli 1 przedstawiono wplyw dzialania fo¬ sforanu wapniowego zawierajacego w swoim skla¬ dzie 15% wagowych octanu wapniowego, na prze¬ bieg suspensyjnej polimeryzacji styrenu, w po- 15 równaniu z fosforanem wapniowym bez dodatku srodka modyfikujacego.Tabela 1 Fosforan wapniowy postac czysta postac czysta z dodatkiem oc- s tanu wapnio- | wego Udzial stabi¬ lizatora w fa¬ zie wodnej w % wagowych 0,15 0,05 0,05 Zdolnosc sta¬ bilizacyjna dobra blokuje — zla dobra Pozytywne wyniki uzyskano równiez stosujac sta¬ bilizator wedlug wynalazku w procesie suspensyj¬ nej polimeryzacji estrów kwasu metakrylowego. 15 Zastrzez e nie patentowe Stabilizator do suspensyjnej polimeryzacji mo¬ nomerów, takich jak styren, alfametylostyren, dwuwinylobenzen, akrylonitryl oraz estry kwasu 40 akrylowego i metakrylowego, stanowiacy fosfo¬ ran wapniowy, otrzymywany znanym sposobem w formie hydroksyapatytu, znamienny tym, ze zawie¬ ra sól wapniowa kwasu octowego lub sól wapnio¬ wa kwasu propionowego, w ilosci 5—20% wago- 45 wych w stosunku do masy fosforanu wapniowego.DN-3, z. 167/84 Cena 100 zl PLThe subject of the invention is a highly active suspension stabilizer, used in the polymerization and copolymerization processes of monomers such as styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, acrylonitrile and esters of acrylic and metacrylic acid. A commonly used stabilizing agent to stabilize the polymerizing and phosphate systems is calcium phosphate, used in an amount of 0.3 to 0.6 percent by weight with respect to the prepared water phase. The activity of the stabilizer used depends to a large extent on the method of its production and on addition of modifying agents that affect the ability to cover the surface of the polymerizable beads, dispersed in the water phase. It is known from Polish Patent No. 72,906 to produce a suspension stabilizer, where the precipitation of calcium phosphate is carried out directly in the polymerization reactor, by introducing an aqueous solution of sodium phosphate into an aqueous solution of calcium chloride with the sodium salt of a styrene-maleic acid copolymer dissolved therein. The stabilizer thus prepared provides good results in polymerization processes carried out at temperatures up to 100 ° C. whereas at higher temperatures the stabilization efficiency with this protective colloid is insufficient. 2 There is known from the Polish patent specification No. 99 897 a method of producing a stabilizer for suspension polymerization carried out at higher temperatures. The method is based on the fact that calcium polyphosphate is precipitated from a slurry of calcium hydroxide or lime water, containing a small amount of magnesium and ammonium compounds, with dilute phosphoric acid. The obtained product, after draining, is made into a fine suspension with demineralised water, which is used to prepare suspensions of polymerizing systems. The basic quality parameter of the suspension stabilizer is its ability to uniformly cover the surface of the polymerizing beads of monomers suspended in the water phase. . This ability depends on the structure, size of the stabilizer particles and the type of charge on their surface. The conducted research on the improvement of the stabilizer quality was directed towards the modification of calcium phosphate with such agents that would counteract its coagulation. Surprisingly, it turned out that such agents are the calcium salts of acetic acid or propionic acid. The abovementioned compounds, added to calcium phosphate, adsorb on the surface of its particles, and due to limited dissociation, they perfectly stabilize the surface charge. * The stabilizer according to the invention, which is calcium phosphate, obtained in the form of hydroxyapatite in a known manner, also contains calcium salt of acetic acid or calcium salt of propionic acid in an amount of 5 to 20% by weight based on the weight of calcium phosphate. with the composition according to the invention can be used in polymerization processes in the form of a liquid suspension with a dry matter content of up to 35% by weight, or after drying and grinding - in the form of a powder which, when mixed with the aqueous phase, swells and forms a fine suspension. According to the invention, the stabilizer shows a much higher activity than known stabilizers, which allows to reduce its concentration in polymerization processes, and this in turn reduces production costs, and also contributes to the reduction of noxious industrial wastewater. Moreover, the stabilizer is formed by the formation of polymer beads within a certain size range, which limits the spread of granulation According to the invention, the stabilizer is presented in more detail in the examples of its preparation, and its advantages result from comparative studies of the stabilizing ability in the process of styrene polymerization suspension. Example I. 100 kg of wet sediment of calcium phosphate were introduced into a mixer equipped with a high-speed stirrer. containing about 30% dry weight and 20 liters of a 25% aqueous solution of calcium acetate. After stirring for 2 hours, a homogeneous fluid suspension of the stabilizer was obtained. Example II. The procedure was as in Example 1, except that the addition of calcium acetate was reduced to 2.5 liters of a 25% aqueous solution. The procedure of Example 1 was followed by introducing 10 liters of a 20% aqueous solution of calcium propionate into the mixer instead of calcium acetate. The stabilizer was prepared as in Example I. The obtained suspension was dried and ground in an impact mill to a powder 3 851 4 The stabilizer prepared according to Examples 1-4 was used in the process of suspension polymerization of styrene and copolymerization of styrene with divinylbenzene, forming a water phase 0.15% and 0.05% by weight of stabilizer. The polymerization process was OK. The obtained beads had dimensions from 0.25 to 0.75 mm and accounted for 97% of the total weight of the product. The physicomechanical and processing properties of the polymer remained normal. Table 1 shows the effect of calcium phosphate containing 15% by weight of calcium acetate, in the course of the suspension polymerization of styrene, compared to calcium phosphate without the addition of a modifying agent. Table 1 Calcium phosphate in pure form with the addition of calcium acetate. Content of the stabilizer in the water phase in wt.% 0.15 0.05 0.05 Stability ability good blocking - bad good Positive results were also obtained by using the stabilizer according to the invention in the process of suspension polymerization of methacrylic acid esters . A stabilizer for the suspension polymerization of monomers such as styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, acrylonitrile and esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid, being calcium phosphate, obtained by a known method in the form of hydroxyapatite, characterized in that it contains calcium salt of acetic acid or calcium salt of propionic acid, in an amount of 5-20% by weight with respect to the weight of calcium phosphate DN-3, z. 167/84 Price PLN 100 PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzez e nie patentowe Stabilizator do suspensyjnej polimeryzacji mo¬ nomerów, takich jak styren, alfametylostyren, dwuwinylobenzen, akrylonitryl oraz estry kwasu 40 akrylowego i metakrylowego, stanowiacy fosfo¬ ran wapniowy, otrzymywany znanym sposobem w formie hydroksyapatytu, znamienny tym, ze zawie¬ ra sól wapniowa kwasu octowego lub sól wapnio¬ wa kwasu propionowego, w ilosci 5—20% wago- 45 wych w stosunku do masy fosforanu wapniowego. DN-3, z. 167/84 Cena 100 zl PLClaims 1. A stabilizer for the suspension polymerization of monomers such as styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, acrylonitrile and esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid, being calcium phosphate, obtained in a known manner in the form of hydroxyapatite, characterized by the fact that Calcium salt of acetic acid or calcium salt of propionic acid in an amount of 5-20% by weight, based on the weight of calcium phosphate. DN-3, z. 167/84 Price PLN 100 PL
PL22429280A 1980-05-15 1980-05-15 Stabilizer for suspension polymerization of monomers PL123851B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL22429280A PL123851B1 (en) 1980-05-15 1980-05-15 Stabilizer for suspension polymerization of monomers
GB8114595A GB2075994B (en) 1980-05-15 1981-05-13 Stabilizer for suspension polymerization of monomers
RO81104297A RO82554A (en) 1980-05-15 1981-05-14 STABILIZER FOR POLYMERIZATION IN SUSPENSION OF SOME MONOMERS
DD23000281A DD158909A5 (en) 1980-05-15 1981-05-15 STABILIZER FOR SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION OF MONOMERS
DE19813119486 DE3119486A1 (en) 1980-05-15 1981-05-15 STABILIZER FOR SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION OF MONOMERS

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL22429280A PL123851B1 (en) 1980-05-15 1980-05-15 Stabilizer for suspension polymerization of monomers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
PL224292A1 PL224292A1 (en) 1981-11-27
PL123851B1 true PL123851B1 (en) 1982-12-31

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Country Status (5)

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DD (1) DD158909A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3119486A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2075994B (en)
PL (1) PL123851B1 (en)
RO (1) RO82554A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9721603D0 (en) 1997-10-10 1997-12-10 Dyno Ind Asa Method

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PL224292A1 (en) 1981-11-27
DD158909A5 (en) 1983-02-09
DE3119486A1 (en) 1982-03-18
RO82554B (en) 1983-09-30
GB2075994B (en) 1983-09-28
RO82554A (en) 1983-10-15
GB2075994A (en) 1981-11-25

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