OA12679A - Method for transmitting and storing value and value store electric power meter using the same. - Google Patents

Method for transmitting and storing value and value store electric power meter using the same. Download PDF

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Publication number
OA12679A
OA12679A OA00000314A OA00000314A OA12679A OA 12679 A OA12679 A OA 12679A OA 00000314 A OA00000314 A OA 00000314A OA 00000314 A OA00000314 A OA 00000314A OA 12679 A OA12679 A OA 12679A
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OA
OAPI
Prior art keywords
electric power
value
terminal
host
signature
Prior art date
Application number
OA00000314A
Inventor
Tak Seung Ho
Original Assignee
Tak Seung Ho
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Publication date
Application filed by Tak Seung Ho filed Critical Tak Seung Ho
Publication of OA12679A publication Critical patent/OA12679A/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
    • G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/28—Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
    • G06Q20/363—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes with the personal data of a user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/409—Device specific authentication in transaction processing
    • G06Q20/4097—Device specific authentication in transaction processing using mutual authentication between devices and transaction partners
    • G06Q20/40975—Device specific authentication in transaction processing using mutual authentication between devices and transaction partners using encryption therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
    • G07F15/06—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity with means for prepaying basic charges, e.g. rent for meters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0866—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by active credit-cards adapted therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1016—Devices or methods for securing the PIN and other transaction-data, e.g. by encryption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/546—Combination of signalling, telemetering, protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0838—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these
    • H04L9/0841—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols
    • H04L9/0844—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols with user authentication or key authentication, e.g. ElGamal, MTI, MQV-Menezes-Qu-Vanstone protocol or Diffie-Hellman protocols using implicitly-certified keys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3247—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving digital signatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3271—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using challenge-response
    • H04L9/3273—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using challenge-response for mutual authentication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5433—Remote metering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/56—Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/80—Wireless
    • H04L2209/805—Lightweight hardware, e.g. radio-frequency identification [RFID] or sensor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/20—Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)
  • Financial Or Insurance-Related Operations Such As Payment And Settlement (AREA)

Abstract

A value store electric power meter is provided. The server of an electric power supplier, an electric power seller, or an electric power reseller transfers value through an electric power line through a built-in electric power modem, stores value received through the electric power modem inside the value store electric power meter in a value store module, reduces a value according to the amount of electric power consumption, omits processes of visually reading a meter, calculating the amount of use, printing and mailing a bill, settling up, and paying an uncollected amount and arrears. Accordingly, it is possible to save electric power supplying costs, to reduce the electric power rate by a user, and maximizing the profit of the electric power supplier. The electric power meter is used for IC card payment type gas and water meters in which the IC card having credit value is transferred and stored in an off-line state. Accordingly, the electric power value and the added value measurement is easily and rapidly performed. Therefore, it is convenient for the user and remarkably reduces all the costs.

Description

012679
METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING AND STORING VALUE AND VALUESTORE ELECTRIC POWER METER USING THE SAME
Technical Field s The présent invention relates to a value store electric power meter of a new concept, and more particularly, to a value storing method bywhich the server of an electric power supplier or an electric power re-seller transmits a value through a power line modem and stores the valuein a store value module (SVM) or an IC card and an electric power meter 10 of advance and direct payments without requiring a metering.
Backqround Art A conventional watt/hour meter for measuring the amount ofconsumed electricity per hour in a certain period by a meter man has 15 been used so far in ail institutions consuming electricity such as a home,an office, and a public building. Such a first génération electric powermeter is managed in a very complicated and expensive way wherein ameter man visits places in which the electric power meters of homes andbusinesses are installed and checks the différence between the amount of 2o power consumed at the previous measurement and the power consumption amount at the measuring point in time, i.e., the amount ofconsumption in a month or a certain period. A calculation of supply andconsumption results is completed by the supplier and a bili is printed andmailed to the consumer after performing a computational process such as 25 "a data input and a calculation of the consumption amount, a consumertaking a request for payment paper and making payment, and Processingthe request. The bili must be mailed once again for Processing arrearsand nonpayment.
As burglars pretending to be meter men hâve appeared and 3o measuring costs contribute to a large part of electric power supplyingcosts due to the increase of the personnel expenses of meter men, aremote measuring electric power meter which is a second génération 2 012679 product is under considération as a new measuring method and iscurrently not widely applied. It is possible to reduce the personnelexpenses of meter men by the remote measuring electric power meter.However, the consomption amount every month must be computerprocessed, the bill must be mailed, and the arrears must be processed.
In particular, the management of the remote measuring electric powermeter with respect to gas and water meters, which requires additionalpower, and communication lines such as a téléphoné line, or a radio, areavoided by the supplier and the consumer. This is due to the rise in costcaused by the operation between the gas and water meters, the server ofa remote measuring center and the installation and operation ofcommunication equipment according to the addition of a communicationfunction for remote measuring.
Therefore, an IC card payment electric power meter of a thirdgénération which requires no Visual measuring can be considered. TheIC card payment electric power meter can solve the problème of theelectric power meters of the first and second générations to some extent.However, the effectiveness of the IC card payment electric power meterdépends upon how to perform processes of re-charging and calculatingvalue information in an IC card. In particular, when electric power is eutput due to the complété consomption of the value information on the ICcard, an unexpected accident may occur.
Disclosure of the Invention
It is a' first object of the présent invention to provide valuetransmitting and storing methods in which the server of an electric powersupplier or an electric power re-seller communicates with value storeelectric power meters of the respective subscribers, stores value in astore value module (SVM) inside the value store electric power meteraccording to the présent invention, and transmits added crédit valueinformation to and stores added crédit value information in an IC card.Accordingly, suppliers or re-seïlers create a high added value for 3 012679 consumers by increasing the effectiveness of management andconsiderably reducing the price of electric power.
It is a second object of the présent invention to provide a valuestoring method for storing value on the IC card by which it is possible to 5 use crédit value information transmitted through a power line modem withail the meters in homes and factories, such as a gas meter, a watermeter, and a calorimeter for measuring heat energy, which are installedand operated on an off-line basis.
It is a third object of the présent invention to provide a value storeio electric power meter by which it is possible for the electric power supplier or the electric power re-seller to increase the effectiveness ofmanagement by communicating with the host of an authenticated agencythrough the power line modem and transmitting the crédit valueinformation to and storing the crédit value information in the IC card. 15 Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the price of electric power to consumers by remarkably reducing incidental expenses related to electricpower supply and to omit inputting and calculating the amount ofconsumed electric power during a certain period, through the use of aserver for printing bills, and mailing and calculating the bills. 20 It is a fourth object of the présent invention to provide a value store electric power meter by which it is possible to completely solve ail theproblème of the electric power meters of the first, second, and thirdgénérations, to swiftly and easily re-charge value, and to charge theadded value on the IC card using a value charging channel. Accordingly, - 25 the value store electric power meter can be applied to various meterssuch as the gas meter, the water meter, and the calorimeter.
Accordingly, it is possible to maximize the effectiveness of variousbusinesses.
Accordingly, to achieve the above objects, there is provided a value30 store electric power meter for communicating with the server of the electric power supplier through a power line modem included in theelectric power meter, storing value information in a value store module 4 012679 inside the electric power meter, calculating value according to the amountof electric power consumption, and stopping electric power supply when acrédit value is completely consumed.
According to an aspect of the présent invention, there is provided a 5 method for storing crédit information in a value store module în a valuestore electric power meter by communication between a host and eachterminal through an electric power modem included in the value storeelectric power meter which is a terminal, comprising the steps of (a) thehost generating first random data, sending the first random data to a io terminal, generating a session key by a key generating algorithm using aterminal intrinsic secret key, generating a first signature value by asignature génération algorithm for a comparison during a terminalauthentication, and the terminal receiving the first random data andgenerating the session key by the same method as the host, (b) the is terminal generating a second signature value by a signature generatingalgorithm and second random data and sending the second random datato the host, (c) the host comparing the first and second signature valuesand authenticating the terminal, the host generating a third signaturevalue and sending the third signature value to the terminal with 20 information on an amount of money when the terminal is authenticatedand the terminal receiving the third signature value and the information onthe amount of money from the host, generating a fourth signature value,and authenticating the host by comparing the third and fourth signaturevalues with each other, and (d) the terminal increasing the valu© by -25 decoding the information ôn the amount of money and sending the value··-*-·. obtained by encrypting a balance and a terminal ID using an encrypting algorithm to the host and the host receiving the encrypted value, decodingthe encrypted value, comparing the stored terminal ID with the decodedterminal ID, authenticating the terminal once again, and backing up the 3o balance in a record file when the authentication is completed.
According to another aspect of the présent invention, there is provided a value store electric power meter including an electric power 5 012678 line input and output terminal for measuring the amount of used electricpower, comprising an electric power consumption operating portion formeasuring the voltage and current of an electric power line andcalculating used electric power, an electric power modem for performing s data communication between the host and the terminal through theelectric power line, a secure storing portion including a secure accessmodule (SAM) having a CPU and an encryption key and an encryptionalgorithm for storing value and a store value module (SVM) for storingvalue, for preventing the fraudulent use of the value information and io hacking, excluding a cryptographical attack, and requiring the authorization process of the SAM in requesting a token from the SVM, anon/off latch relay switch for breaking the supply of electric poweraccording to the balance resuit of the SVM, and a token exchanger forreducing a token from the value information input from the SVM according
15 to the amount of electric power consumed per unit time, the SVM requesting a new token to a token tank when an inner token is exhausted.
Preferably, the value store electric power meter further comprisesan IC card reading and recording portion to allow use with other meterssuch as water, gas, and calory meters by inserting an IC card into the 20 electric power meter, receiving value from the host on-line, recording thereceived value on the inserted IC card, and reading the received valuefrom the IC card.
Preferably, the IC card reading and recording portion is applied towater, gas, and heat meters employing an IC card method. operated in an 25 off-line State by recording added value for things such as gas and waterin the IC card through the electric power modem, by which it is possibleto store electric power value in the IC card by including a communicationport comprised of eight terminais defined by the ISO 7816 Part 2 havingVcc, Clk, DIO, Reset, and Gnd for synchronously and asynchronously 30 communicating with the IC card.
Preferably, the value store electric power meter further comprises an AC/DG-converter for supplying an operation voltage required by the β 012679 electric power meter, a power consumption sensor for sensing that theelectric power is normally used when the output of a sensor is "0" andthat terminais are bypassed and the electric power is surreptitiously usedwhen the output of the sensor is "1", and a buzzer for generating an 5 audible alarm and guiding a user to perform value transfer and storagewhen a last token is received by requesting a new token from the SVMafter the balance of the token exchanger is exhausted.
Preferably, the electric power consumption operating portioncomprises a shunt resistor for measuring an amount of AC current, a io voltage divider for serially connecting two resistors and selecting from avoltage range given by the ratios of the two resistors in order to adjust theAC voltage of the electric power line within the range of the input voltageof a voltage meter, an analog to digital converter for converting an ACcurrent signal which flows through the shunt resistor into a digital signal of is 16 or 20 bits, and an analog to digital converter for converting an ACvoltage into a digital signal of 16 bits, wherein the phase of the voltage iscompared with the phase of the current and an angle by which the twophases are different from each other is calculated and output as a signalfor applying differential rates. 20 Preferably, the value store electric power meter further comprises an electric power consumption table which is an electric power fee modetable for differentially applying multiple step electric power use rates suchas 50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, and 200% according to electric power supplyand demand States on the basis of a real time dock comprised of year, 25 “ month, time, minute, and second. ·'**-·· Preferably, the value store electric power meter comprises a non-volatile memory storing a characteristic 3 byte ID number and recordingan electric power use State during a certain period of hours, days, ormonths for remotely monitoring the surreptitious or abnormal use of 3o electric power and performing an electronic sealing function.
Preferably, the value store electric power meter comprises an LCD display for visuaily displaying the balance of the value, the transfer State 1 012679 of the value, the real time electric power consumption status, and theaccumulative electric power use States.
The value store electric power meter which can be used for simpleand sound fee payment means by a SET electronic commercial 5 transaction process using next génération crédit and direct payment cardsof EMV '96 mixed with the IC card reader and recorder, further comprisesmeans such as a téléphoné, an Internet, a P-ATM (EMV ‘96), and adigital interphone for performing audio communication with a person incharge of the host server or transmitting an audible message to help the io user with matters such as storage and a keypad for a user directlyrequesting the value to be stored.
Preferably, the electric power input and output terminal of theelectric power meter comprising a cover and physical sealing forpreventing physical tapping, prevents the surreptitious and abnormal use i5 of electric power.
Preferably, the value store electric power meter further comprisesan arrester circuit for absorbing lightning or a surge voltage on an electricpower line of a supplier.
Preferably, the electric power meter can request a voice message20 from a person concerned with the service by a speaker and a key pad switch of a digital intercom. Processes of transmitting and storing créditvalue are facilitated by a person concerned with transmitting the voicemessage service to a subscriber. 45- Brief Description of the Drawings-The above objects and advantages of the présent invention will become more apparent by describing in detail a preferred embodimentthereof with reference to the attached drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting and3o storing value according to the présent invention; FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of multi-step differentialcharge mode correcting commands (the exchange of an electric power , 012679 charge System) by hours. days, months, and seasons applied to a valuestore electric power meter according to the présent invention; FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating processes for monitoring anabnormal consumption of electric power such as conductance and 5 preventing an illégal consumption by comparing the total power used bysubscribers to the electric power meter according to the présent inventionper unit of time, such as days, weeks, or months, with the total amount ofelectric power consumption per unit time; FIG. 4 schematically describes a signature generating method andio an encryption method applied to the présent invention; FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the inner structure of the valuestore electric power meter according to the présent invention; FIG. 6 shows the structure of a System according to the présentinvention for describing the flow of the value information; and 15 FIG. 7 is a split perspective view showing the exterior view of the value store electric power meter according to the présent invention.
Best mode for carryinq out the Invention
Hereinafter, a method of transmitting and storing value according to 20 a preferred embodiment of the présent invention and the structure andoperation of a value store electric power meter without the need for Visualmeasurement by a meter using the same will be described in more detail.
The présent invention can be applied to an electric power meter, agas meter, a water meter, and a calorimeter, employing direct payment 25“ and pre-payment calculating methods mixed with an electronic purse'method. Here, the présent invention will be restricted to the electric power meter for convenience sàke. Also, in ail the communicationprocesses of transmitting and storing value according to the présentinvention, a basic encryption algorithm triple-DES is applied. 3o Communication between a server host and an electric power meterterminal is performed as follows. First, a task of making a session key(Ks) is performed in the server and the terminal. An encryption algorithm 9 triple-DES is applied through the session key. Also, when a task ofmaking a signature is necessary, a MAC CBC using the triple-DES isused. When values are stored in the electric power meter terminal, avalue storage, an electric power use calculating mode table, a unitcharge, and a time to be corrected are stored. When values are readfrom the electric power meter terminal, the crédit balance, date, month,and year use details, the electric power use calculating mode table, theunit charge, and timer hours are read, thereby providing information todetect abnormal use.
First, before describing the method for transmitting and storingvalue according to the présent invention, examples of the signaturegénération and the encryption algorithm applied thereto will be describedhereinafter with référencé to FIG. 4.
After the task of making the session key (Ks) is performed in theserver and the termina, through communication between the server andthe value store electric power meter, the encryption algorithm triple-DESis applied through the session key (Ks). The MAC CBC using the triple-DES can be used for the task of signature génération. Hereinafter, thesignature génération and the encryption algorithm will be described inmore detail with référencé to F,G. 4.
For the signature génération, the magnitudes of original data aremade multiples of 64 bits by applying padding in step 1. These are · ♦ ·, and DN of FIG. 4. In step 2, the data values (Dn) of the 64 bitsare F encrypted, applying triple-DES, according to an input key (K).Signature values are Ov · · ·, and ON of step 3. At this time, valuesobtained by adding the respective data values (Dn) to signature values(ΟΝ.5) except for a first signature value O1 are F encrypted.
For the encryption, the magnitudes of original data are mademultiples of 64 bits by applying padding in step 1. These areDv · · ·, and DN. In step 2, the triple-DES algorithm is applied to the Fencryption. The encrypted messages are O1 + · · · + OW of step 3. A master key (KH) of the host, an intrinsic secret key (KT) of each w 012679 terminal, and a secret session key (Ks), used in a communicationprocess, each having a magnitude of 128 bits, are used. The terminalintrinsic key (KT) is generated from the master key (KH) of the host. Thesession key (Ks) is generated from the terminal intrinsic key (KT). The 5 master key of the host (KH) and the terminal intrinsic key (KT) arearbitrarily selected from various sets.
The terminal intrinsic key (KT) is generated by encrypting the ID ofthe terminal by the triple-DES algorithm using the master key (KH) of thehost. An intrinsic key is stored in the terminal in a génération step and is w generated in the host in an initial stage of communication. Namely, KT =Encrypt (ID, KH).
The session key (Ks) is generated by encrypting random numbersR generated in the host by the triple-DES algorithm using the terminalintrinsic key (KT) whenever communication is performed. Ail the is encryptions are performed using the session key (Ks) in thecommunication process. Namely, Ks = Encrypt (R,KT).
In the présent invention, algorithms of (1) a value store command, (2) a differential charge mode control command based on hours, days,months or seasons), and (3) use during days, weeks, or months and timer 20 information check command (abnormal monitoring are adopted) areadopted. These will be described with référencé to FIGs. 1 through 3.
First, the flow of the value store command will be described withréférencé to FIG. 1. STEP 10: The host generates first random data (R1, R2, and n) 45 and sends the first random data to the terminal. The session key is generated by the key génération algorithm using the terminal intrinsicsecret key (KT[n]). Namely, Ks = Encrypt (R1, KT[n]). For comparisonduring a terminal authentication, a first signature value S1h = Sig (R2, Ks)is generated by the signature génération algorithm. The terminal receives 30 the first random data (R1, R2, and n) and generates the session key asdone in the host using the terminal intrinsic secret key (KT[n)). Namely,
Ks = Encrypt (R1, KT(n]). 11 012679 STEP 12: The terminal generates a second signature value SIt =
Sig (R2, Ks) by the signature génération algorithm, generates secondrandom data R3, and sends S1t and R3 to the host. STEP 14: The host can authenticate the terminai by comparing5 S1h with S1t. When the terminal is authenticated, the host generates a third signature value S2h = Sig (K+R3+EnAmnt, Ks) and sends S2h to theterminal with encrypted total amount of money information (EnAmnt).
Here, H is a header representing the value store command. The terminalgenerates a fourth signature value S2t = Sig (H+R3+EnAmnt, Ks) and io authenticates the host by comparing S2h with S2t. STEP 16: When the host is authenticated, the terminal increasesthe value, encrypts Balance + ID as M = Encrypt (Balance+ID, Ks), andsends the encrypted value M to the host. The host authenticates theterminal once again by decoding the encrypted value M as 15 Balance’+ID-Decrypt (M, Ks) and comparing ID' with ID. When theterminal is authenticated, the balance is stored on a record file.
The flow of the differential charge mode control command basedon hours, days, months, and seasons (the charge System) will bedescribed with référencé to FIG. 2. 20 STEP 20: The host generates the first random data (R1, R2, and n) and sends the first random data to the terminal. The session key isgenerated by the key génération algorithm using the secret key (KT[nJ).Namely, Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT(n]). For the comparison during the terminalauthentication, the first signature value S1h=Sig (R2, Ks) is generated by 25 - the signature génération algorithm. The terminal receives the first- random data (R1, R2, and n) and generates the session key in the same way as the host using the terminal intrinsic secret key (KT[n]). Namely,Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]). STEP 22: The terminal generates the second signature value 30 S1t=Sig (R2, Ks) by the signature génération algorithm, generates thesecond random data (R3), and sends S1t and R3 to the host. STEP 24: The host can authenticate the terminal by comparing 12 012679 S1 h with $11. When the terminal is authenticated, the host generates thethird signature value S2h=Sig (H+R3+Mode+Unit, Ks) and sends the thirdsignature value to the terminal together with the mode information and theunit charge information. The terminal generates a fourth signature value 5 S2t = Sig (H+R3+Mode+Unit, Ks) and authenticates the host bycomparing S2h with S2t STEP 26: When the host is authenticated, the terminal converts acharge System, encrypts Balance+ID as M=Encrypt (Balance+ID, Ks) andsends the encrypted value M to the host. The host authenticates the io terminal once again by decoding the encrypted value M as
Balance'+ID’=Decrypt (M, Ks) and comparing ID' with ID. When theterminal is authenticated, the balance is stored on the record file.
Finally, the flow of the use during days, weeks, or months andtimer information check command (used in the monitoring of abnormal is use) will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3. STEP 30: The host generates the first random data (R1, R2, and n) and sends the first random data to the terminal. The session key isgenerated by the key génération algorithm using the terminal intrinsicsecret key (KT[n]). Namely, Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]). The first signature 2o value S1h=Sig (R2, Ks) is generated by the signature générationalgorithm for the comparison during the terminal authentication. Theterminal receives the first random data (R1, R2, and n) and generates thesession key as done in the host using the terminal intrinsic secret key(KT[n)). Namely, Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]). : . -25 STEP 32: The terminal generates the second signature value S1t=Sig (R2, Ks) by the signature génération algorithm, generates thesecond random data (R3), and sends S1t and R3 to the host. STEP 34: The host can authenticate the terminal by comparingS1h with S'IL When the terminal is authenticated, the host generates the 30 third signature value S2h=Sig (H+R3+Time, Ks) and sends the thirdsignature value to the terminal together with Time. The terminalgenerates a fourth signature value S2t=Sig (H+R3+Time, Ks) and 13 012679 authenticates the host by comparing S2h with S2t. STEP 36: When the host is authenticated, the terminal encrypts an information file (Info) including use details (Log), a differential chargemode table (ModeTB), a terminal time (Timer), the balance (Balance), andthe ID.
Namely, the terminal encrypts the Info by MÆncrypt (Info, Ks) andsends the encrypted value M to the host. Here, lnfo=Log+ModeTB+Balance+lD. The host authenticates the terminal onceagain by decoding the encrypted value M by lnfo'=Decrypt (M, Ks) andcomparing ID’ with ID. When the terminal is authenticated, the use duringdays, weeks, or months and timer information is backed up on the recordfile and checked.
The value transmit and store encryption atgorithm applied to theprésent invention was described as mentioned above. In order to beapplied to a real electric power meter, the following items must beconsidered.
The maximum number of the value store electric power meterswhich can be connected to one pôle transformer is restricted to 256. In apôle transformer for converting 3.3KV into 220V supply voltage, one localservice & surveillance unit (LS) manages 250 value store electric powermeters. LSs having different serial numbers are connected to the secondside of the varions pole transformers. One area service & surveillanceunit (AS) connected to a maximum of 256 LSs can manage 65536 valuestore electric power meters. In managing the 256 LSs, one local server ina tree structure can manage up to 16,000,000 ASs. However,considering the performance and efficiency of the server, it is préférablethat the maximum number of the value store electric power metersmanaged by the local server be restricted. An ID of 3 bytes is given to ageneral power line modem user and to the electric power meter modem(micom) for the case in which a signal goes over the pole transformer tothe other side of 220V. A micom having a bus scrambling functionprotects an encryption algorithm and an encryption key, prevents 14 012679 appropriation, or can selectively use a secure access module (SAM)which is an IC card of a subscriber identification module (SIM) type. Anelectric power amount calculation, a token tank, and a display can beperformed using an additional microcontroller. At this time, it is checked 5 whether the control of the LCD display and the electric power usecalculation is hindered when the electric power amount metercommunicates with the host. It is considered that there is a time limit inproviding time information to the electric power meter. Namely, when it isassumed that it takes one second to transfer time information to a family, w it takes one hour to transfer the time information to 3,600 familles. A realtime clock is loaded in the electric power meter and differential chargesare applied according to the times. The clock time is corrected andmonitored at ali fîmes. The abnormal use of electric power is monitoredor digital sealing is used for a case in which tapping or hacking is 15 performed by connecting the power line modem to a PC.
The digital sealing is systematically realized by compounding software and hardware. The digital sealing for monitoring the abnormaluse of the electric power is realized by a method in which the terminaltransmits details of the used power amount at a point in time, for a period 2o of hours days, weeks, or years to the server as 2.44 kilobyte of information. The server records the information in a database, comparesthe recorded information with the information to be transmitted at the nextpoint in time, and compares the comparison resuit with the total amountof used electric power for the same period. When a voltage is applied to - 25 an output terminal at the State where a latch relay cuts off electric power, -*?·. it is determined to be a surreptitious use of electricity. Accordingly,emergency information is transmitted to the server.
The total of the electric power use details of the server can beutilized as a basis for making an agreement on prices advantageous to a 30 re-contract by applying a reserve ratio during the purchastng of the electric power by estimating the electricity use for period of days, months,or seasons on the basis of the total amount of electric power used for a 15 01267 9 period of hours, days, months, or seasons.
Wher» a circuit breaker breaks the supply of electric power due tothe stored crédit value becoming exhausted, a break by over current, abreak in a spécial case, or the use of the electric power by tapping apower source at the front end of the meter, the abnormal use of electricpower, is detected by a method of checking the presence of a loadvoltage.
The crédit value is transmitted and stored in the electric powermeter, the gas meter, the water meter, and the calorimeter via the powerline modem. The electric power crédit value is stored in the SVM and theremaining values are stored in the respective régions of the IC cardelectronic purse.
Hereinafter, the structure and operation of the electric power meter,made considering the above items, will be described in more detail withréférencé to FIGs. 5 through 7. FIG. 5 shows the electric power meter which transmits and storesvalue information through the electric power line modem. In FIG. 5, alatch relay 1 is an on/off latch type relay switch for breaking the supply ofthe electric power. A shunt resistor 2 measures an alternating current(AC) by a manganèse (Mn) résistance of 0.1 mD. When the latch relay 1is broken, a power consumption sensor 3 senses normal use when theoutput of the sensor is "0" and that terminais 1s and 1L are bypassed andthe electric power is surreptitiously used when the output of the sensor is"1". A buzzer 4 requests a new token of crédit value to-the SVM after thebalance of a token-exchanger 10 is consumed and generates an audiblealarm, thus guiding the crédit value transmission and storage by anelectric power user. A crédit value/added value storage IC card 5registers the card serial number (CSN) of a subscriber IC card on amanagement database by the master key of the electric power re-sellermanaging the crédit value store electric power meter according to theprésent invention and checks the presence of a registered legal CSNwhen the server is requested to transmit crédit value, thus preventing the 012679 16 illégal use of electric power. A voltage divider 6 adjusts 117, 220, and 240V AC voltages to be within the input voltage range of a voltage analog to digital converter (V-ADC). The range of the voltage is selected by the ratio of two resistors5 which are serially connected. A V-ADC 7 is a circuit for converting an ACvoltage analog signal into a 16 bit digital signal. A current analog todigital converter (l-ADC) 8 is a circuit for converting an AC current signalwhich flows through the shunt resistor 2 into a 16 or 20 bit digital signal.
An electric power consumption operating circuit 9 calculâtes the electricio power (Watt) by multiplying the digital signal of the V-ADC 7 by the digitalsignal of the l-ADC 8 and couverts the multiplication resuit into a puisenumber and width signal. The electric power consumption operatingcircuit 9 compares the phase of the voltage with the phase of the current,calculâtes an angle by which the two phases are different, and outputs ais phase différence as a signal, thus applying differential charges to thethings which temporarily use induction load. The token exchanger 10reduces tokens according to the amount (Watt/hour) of the electric powerconsumed per unit time, requests new tokens from a ten unit token tankwhen the tokens inside the token exchanger 10 are consumed, and20 reduces the new tokens according to the amount of power consumption.
If the ten unit token tank is consumed, 100 unit tokens are requested forthe SVM to be described later and the 10 unit token tank is filled again.The tokens requested for the SVM 166 can be received through theauthentication process of the SAM 164. An RTC and power consumption“25 table 11 perforons a differential operation of multi-step electric power'charges according to an electric power supply and demand situation of50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, and 200% based on a real time clock comprisedof year, month, day, hour, minute, and second (YYMMDDHHMMSS).
An IC card reader and recorder 12 conforming to ISO 7816 is a3o communication port comprised of eight terminais defined by ISO 7816Part 2 including Vcc, Cik, DIO, Reset, and Gnd for synchronously andasynchronously communicating with the IC card. Multi-purpose crédit 17 012679 values for things such as electric power, gas, water, hot water, heatenergy, and pay-TV are recorded on one IC card by inserting a normallyissued IC card into the electric power meter in an on line/off lines State.After recording the value transmitted from the gas service server through s the value transmit and store electric power meter on the IC card, the ICcard is taken out, inserted into the gas meter and the value information istransmitted to the gas meter, thus reducing the value information on thecard according to the amount of gas use. Accordingly, the value transmitand store electric power meter can be operated in an off-line state. 10 A power line modem 13 performs data communication through the power line. Each modem is set by one among 256 power line modem IDaddresses (PLMID). An ACZDC power source 14 supplies an operationvoltage required by the value store electric power meter according to theprésent invention. The three byte ,D which is an intrinsic number of the is value store electric power meter is recorded on a ROM during production.A non-volatile memory 15 comprised of a flash memory records anelectric power consumptioh situation during a certain period, i.e., thedetails of the electric power consumption for 24 hours are found byrecording the amount of electric power consumption of the value store 2o electric power meter as 16 bit information every sixty seconds, the detailsof the electric power consumption for a week by adding seven totalamounts of the daily electric power consumption together, and the detailsof the monthly electric power consumption by adding thirty total amountsof the daily electric power consumption to each other, monitors the '25 surreptitious use of electric power or the abnormal consumption of electricpower from a remote distance, and performs the electronic sealing. Ascrambled bus 16 including a central Processing unit (CPU) 162, a secureaccess module (SAM) 164 for keeping an encryption key and anencryption algorithm for storing crédit value, and a store value module 30 (SVM) 166 for storing crédit value, prevents the fabrication and use ofcrédit value information, and hacking and excludes a cryptographicalattack. A liquid crystal display LCD 17 displays the balance of the crédit 18 012679 value, a transmission State, a real time electric power consumptionsituation, and an accumulative electric power consumption situation so asto be distinguished visually by a user. A power line input and outputterminal 18 is comprised of 1s, 2s, 2L, and 1L for connecting the input 5 and output lines of the electric power to each other and a cover forpreventing physical tapping. An arrester 19 is a circuit for absorbinglightning or a surge voltage.
An electric power meter for measuring electric power of a particularkind was described above. However, the electric power meter according io to the présent invention can measure the electric power of at least twokinds by including the voltage divider 6, the V-ADC 7, the l-ADC 8, thelatch relay 1, and the shunt resistor 2 according to the kind of the electricpower. Namely, when the voltage divider, the V-ADC, the l-ADC, thelatch relay, and the shunt resistor are combined so that at least two kinds is of power sources with different voltages can be selectively or simultaneously used, the respective amounts of current being additionallymeasured and operated.
The operation of the value store electric power meter having theabove structure is described as follows. As mentioned by the electric 2o power supplier or the electric power re-seller, the crédit value from thehost is stored in the SVM 166 of each terminal through the power linemodem 13 using the crédit value store method, each electric power metercalculâtes charge according to the amount of electric power consumptionoperated on by the electric power consumption operating circuit 9, i , 25 'compares the calculated charge with the balance of the crédit valueThformation stored in the SVM 166, and calculâtes the charge through thetoken exchanger 10. When a balance of not more than a certain amountis left in the SVM 166, the user is informed of the balance state bysounding a buzzer. When the balance is insufficîent, the crédit value is 3o transmitted from the host to the SVM 166 by the above-mentioned créditvalue store method or the power supply is broken by operating the latchrelay 1. The crédit value information can be stored in the SVM 166 by 19 012679 communication between the host and the terminal in the value storeelectric power meter according to the présent invention. However, it ispossible to transmit the electric power value information stored in the ICcard 5 to the SVM and store the transmitted information in the SVM by 5 inserting the electric, gas, water, and calorie IC card 5 for a family or anestablishment to which a legally issued certain amount of money isrecorded into the value store electric power meter according to theprésent invention.
That is to say, the electric power meter according to the présentio invention displays the information such as monthly consumption amount and card balance on the LCD 17 installed therein by using a certainamount of electric power in a value range recorded in the SVM, andsounds the buzzer 4 when the balance of no more than a certain amountis left in the card. Accordingly, the user requests the server to transfer 15 the crédit value. The crédit value is automatically charged to an accountof a previously contracted bank or settled by a crédit card. The electricpower value is received on-line through a power line and stored in theSVM 166. The value is reduced according to a power use scale.
Accordingly, the electric power supplier and the electric power re- 2o seller can save costs by omitting processes of reading a meter, inputtingand calculating the amount of use, and printing and mailing a bill. Apower bill is paid in advance. Accordingly a process of re-chargingarrears is omitted. Also, it is possible to lower the power bill due tobenefits from pre-payment interest, application of differential charges „ 25 according to the electric power use time, and the cost saved in thedifférence between an electric power purchasing price and an electricpower selling price. The electric power seller can manage a high valueadded business.
In order to prevent the use of a fabricated card other than an IC 30 card legally issued by the electric power supplier or the electric power reseller, the SAM 164 for authenticating the card is loaded into the electricpower meter. When the card is inserted into the terminal, the terminal 012679 20 and the card authenticate each other. When the amount of moneyinformation on the card is transferred by the terminal as the crédit value,the terminal opérâtes accordîng to the encryption process shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the use of the fabricated card is prevented. A method of s volatilizing an encrypted key, thereby disabling the terminal, during thedismantling of the meter can be considered against the cryptographieattack of a hacker, for example, the dismantling of the value store electricpower meter in order to fabricate the terminal or the card. However, theencryption algorithm and the encrypted key inside the terminal hâve only io an amount réduction key in which the crédit value information is reducedaccording to the amount of the power consumption. Accordingly, it is notpossible to increase the money or the crédit value information. Inparticular, in the présent invention, when a user/a subscriber contacts anARS server through a téléphoné or a digital interphone in order to request is a transfer of crédit value, the use amount is selectively settled usingcrédit card or bank account. The value transferring process starts withina range in which the payment is guaranteed. The process can also beperformed through Internet. In particular, it is possible to automaticallytransfer the value when the value stored by the account automatic 2o transfer contract between the electric power seller/the electric power re-seller and a financial institution is reduced to a certain scale, and forpeople who hâve never used a computer or information communicationnetwork. In particular, in the case of performing a payment request tradeby an SET electronic trade process with a direct payment card, the server 25 ' operating as a cybermall may put trade details into a digital envelop (DE),Which has the effect of signing the trade details. Accordingly, the tradeprocess cannot be denied or fabricated.
The realizing process and condition of the above-mentionedprésent invention will be described in detail hereinafter. 30 1) Processes of generating, transferring, and storing crédit value
Crédit value information is generated by communicating and operating with the subscriber management database using the masterkey 21 012679 (Mk) of the electnc power seller or the electric power re-seller. The 1Dnumber of the subscrîber which is requested by a power line LAN modemis selected through area service & surveillance (AS) and local service &surveillance (LS). When the request for the subscrîber ID number and the 5 communication are completed, the legality of the server and the terminalis authenticated by the above-mentioned authentication process. Whenthe authentication is completed, the requested crédit value information istransferred. The crédit value information transmitted through the powerline is stored in the store value module (SVM). io 2) Processes of transferring and storing added value
The efficiency of the présent invention is increased by adding an added value transfer function which can be used in connection withpower, gas, water, calorie, and hot water meters operating off-line by theIC card without a separate communication line. The génération and is transfer of the added value are performed by the above-mentionedprocesses of generating and transferring the value. The added value isstored in the IC card instead of the electric power meter. The addedvalue information for things such as gas, water, hot water, and heatenergy stored in the IC card can be operated on, inserted into IC card off- 20 line water and gas meters which are compatible with the IC card providedin the Korean Patent Application Nos. 98-6947 and 98-6948 filed by thesame applicant. Accordingly, the efficiency of management is maximized. 3) Consumption of crédit value information
The crédit value information stored in the SVM 166 is reduced in a 25 - token exchanger (TE) 10 according to the amount of power consumption.-Æhe token is reduced per unit time by several miliWatts, several watts, or several kilowatts. When the token of a minimum unit is exhausted, thecrédit value information is reduced by a process of requesting a newtoken. 30 4) Differential application of power consumption rate
An electric power use mode which can differentially apply muiti- steps of electric power use rates according to time zones of weekdays 22 012679 and weekends, seasons, and months in which the amount of crédit valueused is selected by a program and automatically applied. In the electricpower consumption mode table 11 various rates can be differentiallyapplied, according to the time zones and the characteristics of the supply s and demand of electric power and electric power supply and use, forexample, 100% at daytimes of weekdays, a discount of 75% before andafter the daily work times of the weekdays, a discount of 50% at midnight,a premium of 200% at daily work times, and a premium of 300% at 2 to 4p.m. in summer during which the use of air conditioners rapidly increases io is applied by a real time clock (RTC). Since the separate TE 10 is applied with respect to the same amount of electric power use, the storedcrédit value is differentially applied. Accordingly, the consumption ofelectric power becomes optimal during each time zone. Thus, theefficiency of the supply and demand of electric power is maximized. is Therefore, the electric power bill is reduced. 5) Balance checking and automatic breaking
The crédit value information of the SVM 166 is displayed on a display device such as liquid crystal so that a user can check the balanceat any time. When the crédit value is exhausted, the token exchanger 20 informs the user that the last tokens are being used by sounding an alarmof an audible frequency. When the crédit value is not re-charged beforethe last token is consumed, the supply of the electric power is broken bysending a break signal to the latch relay serially connected to the powerline. - ’25~ In order to satisfy the above-mentioned various realization " processes and conditions, the présent invention can be used in connection with the various gas and water meters where it is possible totransfer the added value by the IC card on the basis of the value transferand value store electric power meter with which it is not necessary to 30 read a meter based on the following structures and principles.
The value store electric power meter according to the présent invention measures a voltage (V) and a current (A) in real time, calculâtes 23 012679 the amount of electric power (W) using the electric power consumptioncircuit, measures the consumption of electric power per unit time,converts the stored value information into a token, reduces the tokenaccording to the amount of consumption of electric power per unit time in 5 a token exchanger 10, and requests new crédit value information whenthe token is exhausted. Also, ail the information the user should knowsuch as the amount of remaining crédit value information and a powerconsumption State is displayed through a liquid crystal display screen 17,When the last crédit value information is converted into token form, the io user is informed by sounding an alarm having an audible frequency.Accordingly, the crédit value is re-charged. When the inner crédit valueinformation is exhausted, the supply of the electric power is broken bybreaking the latch relay 1. ,n the mode table (MT) 11 by which it is possible to differentiallyis apply the electric power rate by at least five steps, the real time clock (RTC) differentially applies the electric power rates of various steps suchas 50%, 75%, 100%, 200%, and 300% according to the time zone andreduces the crédit value information. Namely, though the same electricpower is used per unit time, the crédit value of the SVM is differentially 20 reduced since the TE 10 applies multiple steps of electric power rates bya time program defined in the MT crédit. Accordingly, the consumption ofelectric power becomes optimal during each time zone. Therefore, thesupply and demand of electric power are well balanced. A discountbenefit according to the sélective use by the user is given by ther multiple -25- step electric power fare System. For example, a discount for night times — at which the supply of electric power is excessive can lower the powersupply reserve rate of the power supplier. When offices intensively useair conditioners in summer, a premium power fare is charged and a heatstorage System is induced. Accordingly, it is possible to give a discount 3o benefit to the electric power consumer such as a home or anestablishment.
The value store electric power meter according to the présent 24 012679 invention has a scrambled data bus structure in which a CPU 162 and aninner memory cannot be read by a lay person in order to prevent thestored value from being fabricated and cryptographically attacked. Thevalue store electric power meter is comprised of the secure access s module (SAM) 164 into which the secret intrinsic key (KT(n]) and theencryption algorithm can be loaded and the store value module (SVM)
166. Should the hacker or the encryption attacker dismantle the electricpower meter in order to fabricate the crédit value information, theencrypted key and the encrypted algorithm of the SAM and the SVM ίο cannot be seen. The SAM, the SVM and the master key (Mk) of a hostcomputer are mutually authenticated. Thus, the SAM and the SVM cantransfer and store the crédit value information by the above-mentionedprocesses using the master key. The SAM and the SVM can store créditvalue information and added value information in the IC card using the is master key. When the IC card is inserted into the electric power meter,an answer to reset (ATR) signal is received by sending a reset signal tothe card, the IC card and the terminal are mutually authenticated, thecrédit value information is exchanged through the SVM and the SAM, andthe crédit value information is calculated with respect to the legal use of 20 the IC card. The crédit value information is recorded by a separatelyencrypted key (Mk) of an issuer. Therefore, it is not possible to increasethe crédit value. Such processes are performed in compliance with theinternational standard organization (ISO) 7816 Parti, Part2, Part3, Part4,Parte, and Parti0 and contain a physical standard, an electric signal, a -25" communication protocol, and an encryption process. At least two encrypted keys are stored according to the request of the manager. Oneencrypted key is updated by a distance of a certain time. The encryptedkey is selectively used. Accordingly, the fraudulent use of the crédit valueis prevented. 3o The transférai of the crédit value and the added value and the monitoring of the legal use of the value are performed through an electricpower modem. A power consumption sensor circuit is provided and 25 012679 power use information is recorded in a non-volatile memory (NVM) 15 inorder to monitor the surreptitious use of electric power and punish illégaluse without having to visit a place in which an electric power meter isinstalled and checking lead or tartar seaiing. Such a circuit can be 5 periodically monitored by the LS and the AS, thus performing anelectronic seaiing fonction without checking the physical lead seaiing.
The value store electric power meter has a value store powermeter serial number (SVPMSN) of 3 bytes. The electric power modem 13communicates with the LS by a modem identification number (M-ID) io address of 1/256. When the server of the electric power seller or theelectric power re-seller sees a request to transfer the value, it starts ashort-distance communication with the value store electric power meter ofthe subscriber according to an addressing process for selecting the M-IDof the subscriber. is The subscriber requests the transfer of crédit value by contacting the ARS of the electric power seller or the electric power re-seller bytéléphoné or a digital interphone 20 and a keypad 21, selecting theseulement by crédit card or bank account, and selecting the payment ofthe transferred electric power crédit value. Then, a crédit value managing 2o server is requested to transfer the crédit value by the AN given by theserver of a crédit card company. The crédit value managing server of theelectric power seller catls the M-ID through the AS and the LS, transfersthe crédit value to the SVPM and stores the transferred crédit value byperforming the above-mentioned value storing processes. : . 25 ' The LS sequentially monitors the power consumption State of up to"256 value store electric power subscribers through the electric powermodem connected to the 117V/220V electric power line at a maximumdistance of 3Km. The LS sequentially calls SVPMs of address 1/256 · · · n/256, checks and re-controls the internai real time clock change State of 30 the SVPM, Controls a rate System mode, checks the CSN of the card,backs up the balance of the crédit value, checks the presence ofsurreptitious and abnormal use of electric power, and downloads reports 26 012679 on the electric power consumption during days, weeks, or months, thustotalizing and estimating demand for electric power. The totalization andestimation results are used as guides for negotiating the price ofpurchasing electric power and re-controlling the price of supplying electric 5 power.
In the transférai and storage of the crédit, the gas, water, heat andhot water meters other than the electric power meter consist of a meterwhich opérâtes off-line by using the IC card, without a separatecommunication line since these installation environments are inferior and io a line construction is very complicated. When the added value information transferred through the value store electric power meter isstored on the IC card and the IC card is inserted into the water, gas, andheat meters, added value information is stored in each meter. The tokensare reduced by the same crédit value reducing processes. When the 15 crédit value information is exhausted, a valve for stopping the supply ofgas, water, heat, and hot water is closed. The efftciency of the présentinvention is increased with the added value transferring function in whichit is possible to use the value transfer and store electric power metertogether with the added value service. The added value is generated and 20 transferred by the same processes of generating and transferring thecrédit value. The added value is stored on the IC card instead of in theelectric power meter. The added value information for things such asgas, water, hot water, and heat, is stored on the IC card by performingthe above processes, and can be transferred into the IC card off-line '25 water and gas meters which can hold the IC card provided in Korean Patent Application Nos. 98-6947 and 98-6948.
Hereinafter, crédit value transfer request and processes in theelectric power modem will be described with reference to FIG. 6. A subscriber IC card 52 is issued to those who wish to receive the 3o IC card, by using a master key IC card 51 of the System manager in anelectric power re-seller 50. After settling the crédit value for things suchas electricity, gas, water, hot water, and heat energy in cash or by crédit v 012679 card on the spot, a first crédit value is stored on the IC card. The electricpower crédit value on the card is stored in the electric power meter byinserting the IC card into the value store electric power meter of a user55. When the IC card is inserted into the gas, water, hot water and heat 5 energy meters of the user 55, the crédit value is stored in each meter.
After the first crédit value storage, further crédit value/added valuestorage is performed by the value transferring process using the electricpower modem. The value transferring and storage can be performedusing the téléphoné, the Internet, a P-ATM (EMV ‘96), and the value store io electric power meter. The processes of transferring and storing the valueare performed with the above-mentioned encrypted algorithm forming.
The crédit value/added value transferring channel is as follows. Thesubscriber record information is taken from the subscriber database of thehost server of the electric power re-seller 50. The payment to a bank or a 15 VAN company is guaranteed, by a user selecting one among a crédit cardnumber, a direct payment card number, and a bank account number. Thecrédit value information is encoded by the master key of the SAM. TheID of the subscriber value store electric power meter is called through theAS and LS networks. The SAM and the master key are mutually 20 authenticated. Then, the crédit value/added value information is transferred. The local surveillance unit (LS) downloads the electric poweruse record for a period of hours, days, weeks, or months from the valuestore electric power meter, monitors the State of electric power use andthe balance of crédit value on an hourly or daily basis, resets time, 25 -downloads, the electric power use mode and program, and monitors thesurreptitious and abnormal use of the electric power. Also, the amount ofmoney calculation is performed between an amount of money calculationsystem 54 of an electric power seller 53 and the electric power re-seller50 by a method similar to the above-mentioned processes. 30 FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing the outer shape of the value store electric power meter according to the présent invention.The value store electric power meter according to the présent invention 012679 28 includes an LCD dispiay 17 on the upper portion of a front surface and aninput and output terminal 66 on the lower portion of the front surface.
The input and output terminal 66 is connected to the electric power linefor inputting and outputting electric power and is covered with a
5 surreptitious use prévention cap 64. A digital interphone 20 and a valuetransfer requesting key pad 21 are provided on the upper surface of thesurreptitious use prévention cap 64. Also, an IC card inserting slit 60, intowhich the IC card is inserted, is formed in one side of the electric powermeter. The crédit value is stored in the IC card and is read from the IC io card when it is înside the IC card inserting slit 60. Also, a surreptitioususe/dismantle checking sealing unit 62 for sealing the electric powermeter so that electric power cannot be surreptitiously used, is part of theelectric power meter.
As described above, the présent invention has been described onlyis with respect to the value store electric power meter via the power line modem. Mutual necessary information can be exchanged via power linemodem communication between the server and the terminal. A generaltéléphoné line, a radio frequency relay communication line, and a cableTV line can be used instead of the power line. 20 As mentioned above, according to the présent invention, it is possible to reduce visiting personnel expenses by omitting the process ofreading meters for things such as electric power, gas, water, and beatenergy, compute Processing expenses, print and mail bills, and bill formailing expenses. 25 ~ AlSo, it is possible to reduce loss due to uncollected electric power’*biiis and arrears, and to give added value since the crédit value is paid for in advance by a crédit card or from a bank account. Accordingly, a powersupplier can give a high added value. 30 Industrial Applicabilitv
The présent invention describes a composite electric power meterwith which it is possible to solve the économie and security problems of 29 0 1 2679 having to visit and visually examine a conventional remote electric powermeter.

Claims (16)

  1. 30 012679 What is claimed is:
    1. A method for storing crédit information in a value storemodule in a value store electric power meter by communication betweena host and each terminal through an electric power modem included in 5 the value store electric power meter which is a terminal, comprising thesteps of: (a) the host generating first random data, sending the first randomdata to a terminal, generating a session key by a key generatingalgorithm using a terminal intrinsic secret key, generating a first signature io value by a signature génération algorithm for a comparison during aterminal authentication, and the terminal receiving the first random dataand generating the session key by the same method as the host; (b) the terminal generating a second signature value by a signaturegenerating algorithm and second random data and sending the second is random data to the host; (c) the host comparing the first and second signature values andauthenticating the terminal, the host generating a third signature valueand sending the third signature value to the terminal with information onan amount of money when the terminal is authenticated and the terminal 2o receiving the third signature value and the information on the amount ofmoney from the host, generating a fourth signature value, andauthenticating the host by comparing the third and fourth signature valueswith each other; and (d) the termina, increasing the value by decoding the information '25' on the amount of money and sending the value obtained by encrypting a "balance and a terminal ,D using an encrypting algorithm to the host andthe host receiving the encrypted value, decoding the encrypted value,comparing the stored terminal ID with the decoded terminal ID,authenticating the terminal once again, and backing up the balance in a 30 record file when the authentication is completed.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising an electric power 31 012679 charge System conversion step inciuding the sub-steps of: (a1) the host generating first random data, sending the ftrst random data to a terminal, generating a session key by a key generatingalgorithm using a terminal characteristic secret key, generating a first 5 signature value by a signature génération algorithm for a comparisonduring a termina, authentication, and a terminal receiving the first randomdata and generating the session key by the same method as the host; (b1) the terminal generating a second signature value by asignature generating algorithm and second random data and sending the io second random data to the host; (c1) the host comparing the first and second signature values and authenticating the terminal, the host generating a third signature valueand sending the third signature value to the terminal with modeinformation when the terminal is authenticated and the termina, receiving i5 the third signature value and the mode information from the host andgenerating a fourth signature value; and (d1) the terminal authenticating the host by comparing the third andfourth signature values with each other, and the terminal converting a rateSystem, generating an encrypted value obtained by encrypting the mode 20 information and the terminal ID using the encrypting algorithm andsending the encrypted value to the host and the host receiving theencrypted value, decoding the encrypted value, comparing the storedterminal ID with the decoded terminal ID, authenticating the terminal onceagain, and backing up the balance in a record file when the authentication 25~ is completed.
  3. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising a use informationcheck command step inciuding the sub-steps of: (a2) the host generating first random data, sending the first random 30 data to a terminal, generating a session key by a key generatingalgorithm using a terminal characteristic secret key, generating a firstsignature value by a signature génération algorithm for a comparison 32 012679 during a terminal authentication, and a terminal receiving the first randomdata and generating the session key by the same method as the host; (b2) the terminal generating a second signature value by asignature generating algorithm and second random data and sending the 5 second random data to the host; (c2) the host comparing the first and second signature values and authenticating the terminal, the host generating a third signature valueand sending the third signature value to the terminal with time informationwhen the terminal is authenticated and the terminal receiving the third 10 signature value and the time information from the host, generating afourth signature value; and (d2) the terminal authenticating the host by comparing the third andfourth signature values with each other, and the terminal sending thevalue obtained by encrypting a logfite of use details using the encrypting is algorithm and sending the encrypted value to the host and the hostreceiving the encrypted value, decoding the encrypted value, comparingthe stored terminal ID with the decoded terminal ID, authenticating theterminal once again, and backing up information on use during days,weeks, and months and a timer in a record file when the authentication is 2o completed.
  4. 4. A value store electric power meter including an electricpower line input and output terminal for measuring the amount of usedelectric power, comprising: - 25 an electric power consumption operating portion for measuring the voltage and current of an electric power line and calculating used electricpower; an electric power modem for performing data communicationbetween the host and the terminal through the electric power line; 3o a secure storing portion including a secure access module (SAM) having a CPU and an encryption key and an encryption algorithm forstoring value and a store value module (SVM) for storing value, for 33 012679 preventing the fraudulent use of the value information and hacking,excluding a cryptographical attack, and requiring the authorization processof the SAM in requesting a token from the SVM; an on/off latch relay switch for breaking the supply of electric power 5 according to the balance resuit of the SVM; and a token exchanger for reducing a token from the value information input from the SVM according to the amount of electric power consumedper unit time, the SVM requesting a new token to a token tank when aninner token is exhausted. 10
  5. 5. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, furthercomprising an IC card reading and recording portion to allow use withother meters such as water, gas, and calory meters by inserting an ICcard into the electric power meter, receiving value from the host on-line, 15 recording the received value on the inserted IC card, and reading thereceived value from the IC card.
  6. 6. The value store electric power meter of claim 5, wherein theIC card reading and recording portion is applied to water, gas, and beat 20 meters employing an IC card method operated in an off-line State byrecording added value for things such as gas and water in the IC cardthrough the electric power modem, by which it is possible to store electricpower value in the IC card by including a communication port comprisedof eight terminais defined by the ISO 7816 Part 2 having Vcc, Clk, DIO, 25 "Reset, and Gnd for synchronôusly and asynchronously communicatingwith the IC card.
  7. 7. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, furthercomprising: 30 an AC/DC converter for supplying an operation voltage required by the electric power meter; a power consumption sensor for sensing that the electric power is 34 012679 normally used when the output of a sensor is ”0" and that terminais arebypassed and the electric power is surreptitiously used when the output ofthe sensor is "Γ; and a buzzer for generating an audible alarm and guiding a user tos perform value transfer and storage when a last token is received by requesting a new token from the SVM after the balance of the tokenexchanger is exhausted.
  8. 8. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, wherein theio electric power consumption operating portion comprises: a shunt résister for measuring an amount of AC current;a voltage divider for serially connecting two resistors and selecting from a voltage range given by the ratios of the two resistors in order toadjust the AC voltage of the electric power line within the range of the 15 input voltage of a voltage meter; an analog to digital converter for converting an AC current signal which flows through the shunt résister into a digital signal of 16 or 20 bits;and an analog to digital converter for converting an AC voltage into a20 digital signal of 16 bits, wherein the phase of the voltage is compared with the phase of thecurrent and an angle by which the two phases are different from eachother is calculated and output as a signal for applying differential rates. - 25 ,9. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, further -*-?'· comprising an electric power consumption table which is an electric power fee mode table for differentiâlly applying multiple step electric power userates such as 50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, and 200% according to electricpower supply and demand States on the basis of a real time clock 30 comprised of year, month, time, minute, and second.
  9. 10. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, comprising 35 012679 a non-volatile memory storing a characteristic 3 byte ID number andreçu. j an electric power use State during a certain period of hours,days, or months for remotely monitoring the surreptitious or abnormal useof electric power and performing an electronic sealing function. 5
  10. 11. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, comprisingan LCD display for visually displaying the balance of the value, thetransfer State of the value, the real time electric power consumptionstatus, and the accumulative electric power use States. 10
  11. 12. The value store electric power meter of claim 5, wherein thevalue store electric power meter which can be used for simple and soundfee payment means by a SET electronic commercial transaction processusing next génération crédit and direct payment cards of EMV ‘96 mixed 15 with the IC card reader and recorder, further comprises: means such as a téléphoné, an Internet, a P-ATM (EMV *96), and a digital interphone for performing audio communication with a pérson incharge of the host server or transmitting an audible message to help theuser with matters such as storage; and 2o a keypad for a user directly requesting the value to be stored.
  12. 13. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, wherein theelectric power input and output terminal of the electric power metercomprising a cover and physical sealing for preventing physical tapp.ing, -25 - prevents.the surreptitious and abnormal use of electric power.
  13. 14. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, furthercomprising an arrester circuit for absorbing lightning or a surge voltage onan electric power line of a supplier. 30
  14. 15. The value store electric power meter of claim 4, wherein theelectric power line of a transformer for reducing 3.3KV to a generally used 36 01267 9 voltage of 110V/220V/240V further comprises a current transformer formeasuring the total amount of current, wherein the electric power meter is network connected to localservice & surveillance units (LSs) having power modems for 5 communicating with a maximum of 256 value store electric power meterson the electric power line and an area service & surveillance unit (AS) formanaging a maximum of 256 LSs.
  15. 16. The value store electric power meter of claim 15, whereinio the host further comprises a server for an electric power seller and an electric power re-seller for issuing an IC card to a subscriber with the useof an IC card having a master key, automatically transferring value whenthe subscriber requests the value to be stored, monitoring and managingthe legal use of the value of the subscriber, totaling and analyzing the 15 detailed electric power status of the subscriber, thus re-determining aprice in purchasing the electric power, wherein each server connected to a plurality of ASs manages andmonitors the value transfer and store electric power meter which can beconnected to the ASs and LSs in a tree structure and stores value in the 2o value transfer and store electric power meter.
  16. 17. The value store electric power meter of claim 15, furthercomprising a voltage divider, a voltage analog-to-digital converter, acurrent analog-to-digital converter, a latch relay, and a shunt resistor so . 25 that if at least two kinds of electric power sources selectively use othervoltages or simultaneously use at least two kinds of voltages, it ispossible to separately measure and operate the respective amounts ofcurrent.
OA00000314A 1998-05-12 1999-05-12 Method for transmitting and storing value and value store electric power meter using the same. OA12679A (en)

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EP4123558A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2023-01-25 Citytaps SAS Resource delivery

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