CN1302378A - Method for transmitting and storing value and valve store electric power meter using the same - Google Patents

Method for transmitting and storing value and valve store electric power meter using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1302378A
CN1302378A CN99806101A CN99806101A CN1302378A CN 1302378 A CN1302378 A CN 1302378A CN 99806101 A CN99806101 A CN 99806101A CN 99806101 A CN99806101 A CN 99806101A CN 1302378 A CN1302378 A CN 1302378A
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China
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terminal
numerical value
main frame
ammeter
card
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CN99806101A
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CN1252478C (en
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卓胜镐
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
    • G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/28—Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
    • G06Q20/363—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes with the personal data of a user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/409—Device specific authentication in transaction processing
    • G06Q20/4097—Device specific authentication in transaction processing using mutual authentication between devices and transaction partners
    • G06Q20/40975—Device specific authentication in transaction processing using mutual authentication between devices and transaction partners using encryption therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
    • G07F15/06—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity with means for prepaying basic charges, e.g. rent for meters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0866—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by active credit-cards adapted therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1016—Devices or methods for securing the PIN and other transaction-data, e.g. by encryption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/546—Combination of signalling, telemetering, protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0838—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these
    • H04L9/0841—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols
    • H04L9/0844—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols with user authentication or key authentication, e.g. ElGamal, MTI, MQV-Menezes-Qu-Vanstone protocol or Diffie-Hellman protocols using implicitly-certified keys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3247—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving digital signatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3271—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using challenge-response
    • H04L9/3273—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using challenge-response for mutual authentication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5433—Remote metering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/56—Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/80—Wireless
    • H04L2209/805—Lightweight hardware, e.g. radio-frequency identification [RFID] or sensor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/20—Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
  • Financial Or Insurance-Related Operations Such As Payment And Settlement (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)

Abstract

A numeric storage electric power meter is provided. The electricity feeder, the electricity seller, or the server of the electricity reseller passes through the electrical modem, the value transmitted through the transmission line. The acceptant value through the electrical modem in the value storage meter is stored in the value storage module. The consumption according to the electricity reduces the value, save the course, such as reading the watch using eyes, computing the consumption, printing and mailing bills, paying for non-collecting use level and paying for arrearage etc, wherein the IC card having deposit value transmits and stores under the condition of off line. Thereby, it is easy to detect and add value fast. So this is convenient for the users to markedly reduce all the cost.

Description

Send and the method for storage numerical value and the value storage ammeter that uses this method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of value storage ammeter of new ideas, more particularly, the method that relates to a kind of value storage, in this way, the server of electricity provider and electric power reseller transmits numerical value by powerline modem, and this numerical value is stored in storage numerical module (SVM) or IC-card and payment in advance and the explicit ammeter, and do not need statistics.
Background technology
Meter reading person per hour measures in the certain hour the used traditional tile/hour meter of consumes power up to the present such as family, is continued to use in the various places of the consumption electric power of office and public building and so on always.Such first generation ammeter is managed complexity and costliness, wherein meter reading person visits those family that is mounted with ammeter and units, and checks that the power consumption of preceding one-shot measurement and the difference of the power consumption of measuring now were one month or a certain section interior consumption of time.Executing such as data inputs, the computation process of consumption calculating and so on, the consumer requires to pay the bill and pay the bill, and handles after these require, and supplier finishes supply and calculates and consume the result, prints bill and the consumer is given in mailing.In order to handle debt and not payment, must post bill again.
Owing to pretend to be meter reading person's robber to occur, and, measure most that cost has accounted for the electric power supply cost, therefore because meter reading person's manpower expense increases, people are being considered as a kind of remote measurement ammeter of second generation product of new measuring method, current also application widely.Can reduce the manpower expense of meter reading by the remote measurement ammeter.But necessary every month consumption of computing must be posted bill, must handle debt.Particularly, with respect to gas meter and water meter, it needs the management of the remote measurement ammeter of additional supply, and communication line for example telephone line or wireless device, and these are that supplier and consumer avoid.This is owing to operation between coal gas and water meter, installs and operate the server and the communication apparatus at remote measurement center according to remote measurement additional communications function, and these can cause that cost rises.
Therefore, can consider third generation IC-card paying ammeter without any need for visual measurement.To a certain extent, IC-card paying ammeter can solve the problem of the first generation and second generation ammeter.Yet the validity of IC-card paying ammeter depends on process how to carry out charge again and evaluation information in IC-card.Particularly, when cutting off the power supply owing to the numerical information full consumption in IC-card, unexpected fortuitous event may appear.
Of the present invention open
First purpose of the present invention provides numerical value and transmits and storage means, use this method, the value storage ammeter that electricity providers or electric power are not sold person's server and each user again carries out storage numerical value in communication, the numerical value storage module (SVM) in value storage ammeter of the present invention and the deposit numerical information that will increase is sent to IC-card and the deposit numerical information of storage increase in IC-card.Therefore, by increasing effectiveness of nursing management and reduce electric price significantly, provider and do not sell the person again and created a high increase numerical value for the user.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of value storage method of storing numerical value in IC-card, by this method, can use in family and factory such as gas meter and water meter and measure the calorie table of heat energy all show modulation, by the deposit numerical information that powerline modem transmits, described all tables (onan off-line basis) on the off-line basis are installed and operation.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides a kind of value storage ammeter, by this ammeter, electricity providers or electric power do not sell again the person can by powerline modem be sent to IC-card with the host communication of authorized organization and a deposit numerical information and in IC-card storage deposit numerical information improve the efficiency of management.Therefore, can save by the use of printing the bill server and import and calculate the electric weight that is consumed in certain period by reducing the power price that the incidentals relevant with electric power supply reduce consumption significantly, and save mailing and cost sheet.
The 4th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of value storage ammeter, by this ammeter, can solve first fully, second, the all problems of third generation ammeter can add numerical value quickly and easily again, and utilizes numerical value to add the numerical value that passage adds to be increased on IC-card.Therefore, the value storage ammeter can be used as various meters, for example gas meter, water meter and calorie table.Therefore, can make miscellaneous service have maximum efficient.
Therefore, in order to achieve the above object, a kind of value storage ammeter is provided, be used for carrying out communication by the power circuit modulator-demodular unit of ammeter and the server of electricity providers, numerical information is stored in the numerical value store template (SVM) in the ammeter, according to the consumption calculating numerical value of electricity, and after deposit numerical value exhausts fully, stop electric power supply.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of method is provided, this method is by the electric power modem in the value storage ammeter of terminal, utilize the communication between main frame and each terminal, come deposit information is stored in the value storage module in the value storage ammeter, this method may further comprise the steps: (a) main frame produces first random data, first random data is sent to terminal, use the terminal inner cryptographic key, generate talk key by producing the algorithm key, during terminal check, produce algorithm and produce first eigenwert by affirmation, be used for comparison, and terminal is accepted first random data, and use the method identical to produce talk key with main frame, (b) terminal produces second eigenwert by confirming generation algorithm and second random data, and second random data sent to main frame, (c) first and second eigenwert of main frame comparison and confirm terminal, when terminal is identified, main frame produces the 3rd eigenwert, and the 3rd eigenwert sent to the terminal with amount information, this terminal is accepted from the 3rd eigenwert of main frame and amount information, produce the 4th eigenwert, and confirm main frame by be compared to each other the 3rd and the 4th eigenwert, (d) terminal increases numerical value by amount information is decoded, and will by use cryptographic algorithm to remaining sum and the Termination ID numerical value of encrypting acquisition send to main frame, main frame is accepted the numerical value of encryption, be decrypted encrypting numerical value, the Termination ID stored and the Termination ID of deciphering are compared, confirm terminal again, when finishing affirmation, remaining sum is backed up in log file.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of value storage ammeter that is used to measure institute's power consumption is provided, this ammeter has electric wire input end and output terminal, and this ammeter comprises: the power consumption operation part is used to measure the voltage and current of power transmission line and calculates employed electric weight; Electric power modem is used for carrying out data communication between main frame and the terminal by power transmission line, safe storage part and storing value module (SVM); The safe storage part, comprise secure access module (SAM) and cryptographic algorithm, secure access module (SAM) has CPU and cryptographic key, cryptographic algorithm is used to store numerical value, storing value module (SVM) is used to store numerical value, be used to avoid the duplicity of numerical information to use and attack, get rid of secret the attack, and when requiring the sign of SVM (token), require affirmation process SAM; On/off latchs delay switch, is used for the remaining sum consequent interruption power supply according to SVM; And sign (token) interchanger, the electric weight that is used for consuming according to the unit interval reduces sign, and this sign comes from the numerical information of SVM input, and when inner mark exhausted, the sign that SVM will look for novelty was to the sign case.
Best, the value storage ammeter further comprises IC-card reading and recording section, to use by IC-card being inserted into other table that allows in the ammeter such as water, gas and card li table, accept the numerical value of online main frame, in the IC-card that is inserted, write down the numerical value of being accepted, and read the numerical value of being accepted in the IC-card.
Best, IC-card is read and recording section is applied to water, gas and calorimeter, these tables adopt the IC-card method with off-line (off-line) state of operation, on IC-card, write down the numerical value that is increased as gas, water and so on by electric power modem, utilize the reading and the recording section of IC-card, can be by comprising by defined eight communications portion that terminal is formed of international standard 7816 second portions (ISO7816Part2), the numerical value of store electricity in IC-card, in eight terminals Vcc, Clk, DIO, Reset and Gnd are arranged, be used for synchronous and asynchronous communication with IC-card.
Best, the value storage ammeter further comprises: the AC/DC converter is used to provide the operating voltage of ammeter needs; The power consumption sensor is used for the detection situation, when the output of sensor is " 0 ", be normal electricity consumption, and when the output of sensor was " 1 ", then terminal is by bypass, for usurping; And hummer, being used for after the remaining sum of sign interchanger exhausts, will looking for novelty sign and receiving last when sign to SVM, the warning that generation can be heard and guides the user to carry out numerical value conversion and storage.
Best, the electric consumption operation part comprises: bypass (shunt) resistance is used to detect ac flow; Voltage divider, two resistance that are used to be connected in series, and the ratio of two resistance select in the given voltage range so that in the input voltage range of voltage table, regulate the alternating voltage of electric wire; Analog quantity converts the converter of digital quantity to, and the ac current signal that is used for flowing through bypass resistance converts 16 or 20 s' digital signal to; Analog quantity converts the converter of digital quantity to, is used for alternating voltage converted to 16 digital signal; Wherein the phase place of voltage is compared with the phase place of electric current, and calculates the phasing degree that two phase places differ from one another, as the signal output of using different prices (rate).
Best, the value storage ammeter further comprises electric consumption table (table), this electric consumption table is an electricity charge pattern lists, be used for according to power supply and based on comprise year, the moon, the time, branch and second the state that requires of real-time clock, given discriminatively such as 50%, multistage electricity rates such as 75%, 100% and 200%.
Best, the value storage ammeter comprises nonvolatile memory, stores special 3 byte ID numerals, and the time, the sky or month regular period in record use electricity condition, be used for telemonitoring and usurp electricity or unusual electricity consumption, and realize electrons function (sealing function).
Best, the value storage ammeter comprises the display of liquid crystal display (LCD), is used for visually showing the remaining sum of numerical value, the delivery status of numerical value, real-time electric consumption state and accumulation electricity condition.
The value storage ammeter can be used for simple voice payment device by SET e-commerce transaction process, in SET e-commerce transaction process, use EMV ' 96 deposits of future generation and the direct debit card of mixing with IC-card reader and register, this value storage ammeter further comprises: the device such as phone, the Internet, P-ATM (EMV ' 96) and digital handset is used for carrying out voice communication or transmitting acoustic information to help the affairs of user's processing such as storage with the people of responsible host server; And collateral key, be used to the numerical value that the direct request of user will be stored.
Best, the electric input and output side of ammeter comprises shell, and carries out physics (physical) sealing, to prevent physics lead-in wire (physical tapping), prevents to steal electricity, and prevents unusual use.
Best, the stored digital ammeter further comprises overvoltage crowbar, is used to absorb thunder and lightning or pulse voltage on the feeder power transmission line.
Best, ammeter can require by the collateral key switch of loudspeaker and digital interphone equipment and serve relevant individual voice messaging.By with voice messaging is sent to subscriber-related individual, make transmit and the process of storage deposit numerical value more convenient.
Brief description of drawings
By with reference to the accompanying drawings preferred embodiment being described in detail, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage will become apparent.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram, represents the method for transmission of the present invention and storage numerical value;
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram, expression according to the present invention, according to affact on the value storage ammeter the time, sky, the moon and season revision directive (electric Fare Collection System exchange) the flow process of multistage charging mode;
Fig. 3 is a process flow diagram, expression was passed through the unit interval, and as sky, week or the moon, employed total electric weight of ammeter user of the present invention and unit interval electric consumption sum compare, thereby monitor the abnormal electrical consumption such as conduction (conductance), and avoid illegal consumption process;
Fig. 4 schematically shows and is used for feature production method of the present invention and encryption method;
Fig. 5 is a block scheme, represents the inner structure of value storage ammeter of the present invention;
Fig. 6 represents system architecture of the present invention, is used for illustrating the flow process of numerical information;
Fig. 7 is a decomposition diagram, represents the outward appearance of value storage ammeter of the present invention.
Realize best way of the present invention
To describe in detail below according to the present invention transmit and the method for storage numerical value and use this method, needs do not carry out the structure and the operating process of the value storage ammeter of visual measurement to ammeter.
The present invention can be applied to ammeter, gas meter, water meter and calorie table, adopt mixes with the stored value card method, the directly paying and the computing method of post-pay paystation in advance.Here, for simplicity, the present invention will be limited to ammeter.In addition, transmitting according to the present invention and storing in all communication processs of numerical value, used the three-DES (digital coding standard) of basic cryptographic algorithm.
Communication between server host and the ammeter terminal is following to be carried out.At first, in server and terminal, finish talk key (session key) task (Ks) of making.Three digital coding standards of cryptographic algorithm are provided by talk key.In addition, in the time that the feature task must be made, use the MAC CBC that adopts three-DES.When at ammeter terminal storage numerical value, the storage of logarithm value, electricity consumption computation schema table, unit costs and the time that will revise store.When from ammeter terminal reading numerical values, read use detail, electricity consumption computation schema table, the unit costs of the balance of deposits, data, Month And Year, the time of timer, thus the information of providing, to detect unusual use.
At first, before description transmits according to the present invention and stores the method for numerical value,, illustrate the generation and the applied cryptographic algorithm of feature with reference to figure 4.
By the communication between server and the value storage ammeter, in server and terminal, finish after the task of making talk key (Ks), by talk key (Ks) input cryptographic algorithm three-DES.Use the MAC CBC of three-DES to can be used in the task that feature produces.Generation and cryptographic algorithm below with reference to Fig. 4 more detailed description feature.
For the generation of feature, in step 1,, raw value is formed a plurality of 64 by filling (padding).They are the D among Fig. 4 1..., and D nIn step 2, according to enter key (input key) (K), use three-DES, to 64 value data (D n) carry out F and encrypt.The character numerical value of step 3 is O 1..., O nSimultaneously, to each value data is added to except that first character numerical value O 1Outside character numerical value (O N-1) numerical value that obtained carries out F and encrypt.
In order to encrypt,, raw value is formed a plurality of 64 by the filling in the step 1.They are D 1..., and D nIn step 2, three-DES algorithm is used for F encrypts.Information encrypted is the O of step 3 1+ ... + O n
The main frame passing key that use is used in communication process (master key) (KH), the inner cipher key (intrinsic key) of each terminal (KT) and secret talk key (secret session key) (Ks), each key all has 128 value.Passing key (KH) by main frame produces terminal inner key (KT).Produce talk key (Ks) by terminal inner key (KT).According to various setting, select the passing key (KH) and the terminal inner key (KT) of main frame arbitrarily.
By using the passing key (KH) of main frame,, the ID of terminal is encrypted and produces terminal inner key (KT) with three-DES algorithm.In producing step,, and in main frame, produce interior keys in the starting stage of communication in the terminal storage interior keys.That is, and KT=Encrypt (ID, KH).
No matter when carry out communication,,, the random digit R that produces in the main frame is encrypted and produce talk key (Ks) with three-DES algorithm by terminal inner key (KT).In communication process, use talk key (Ks) to carry out all encryptions.That is, and Ks=Encrypt (R, KT).
In the present invention, adopt (1) value storage order, (2) based on the time, use and timer information check order (supervision abnormal conditions) during sky, moon or the different expenses standard pattern control commands in season and (3) day, week or the moon.Will referring to figs. 1 to 3 describe above-mentioned these.
The flow process of value storage instruction at first, is described with reference to figure 1.
STEP10: main frame produces first random data (R1, R2 and n) and first random data is sent to terminal.Use terminal inner cryptographic key (KT[n]), produce algorithm by key, produce the reservation key.That is Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]).In order during terminal check, to compare, by feature produce algorithm produce first eigenwert S1h=Sig (R2, Ks).Terminal is accepted first random data (R1, R2 and n), and produces talk key, with in main frame, use terminal inner cryptographic key (KT[n]) to be carried out identical.That is Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]).
Step 12: produce algorithm by feature, terminal produces second eigenwert S1t=Sig, and (R2 Ks), generates second random data R3, and sends S1t and R3 to main frame.
Step 14: by S1h and S1t are compared, main frame can be confirmed terminal.When terminal was identified, main frame produces the 3rd eigenwert S2h=Sig, and (H+R3+EnAmnt Ks), and sent to S2h the terminal with money information sum (EnAmnt).Here, H is the title of expression value storage instruction.Terminal produces the 4th character numerical value S2t=Sig, and (H+R3+EnAmnt Ks), and confirms main frame by S2h and S2t are compared.
Step 16: when confirming main frame, terminal increases numerical value, and Balance+ID is encrypted to M=Encrypt, and (Balance+ID Ks), and sends to main frame with the M that encrypts.(M Ks), and compares ID ' and ID, and main frame is confirmed terminal again to be decrypted into Balance '+ID '=Decrypt by the numerical value M that will encrypt.When terminal is identified, stored balance on log file.
Below with reference to Fig. 2, describe based on the time, sky, the moon and the different payment mode in season (charging system) the steering order flow process.
Step 20: main frame produces first random data (R1, R2, and n) and first random data is sent to terminal.The key (KT[n]) that accesses to your password produces algorithm by key, produces talk key.That is Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]).In order during terminal check, to compare, produce algorithm by feature, produce first character numerical value S1h=Sig (R2, Ks).Terminal is accepted first random data (R1, R2, and n), and uses the identical method of terminal inner cryptographic key (KT[n]) to produce talk key with main frame.That is Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]).
Step 22: produce algorithm by feature, terminal produces second character numerical value S1t=Sig, and (R2, Ks), terminal also produces second random data (R3), and S1t and R3 are sent to main frame.
Step 24: can confirm terminal by main frame that S1h is compared with S1t.When confirming terminal, main frame produces the 3rd character numerical value S2h=Sig, and (H+R3+Mode+Unit Ks) and with the 3rd character numerical value common mode information and unit paying information sends to terminal together.Terminal produces the 4th character numerical value S2t=Sig, and (H+R3+Mode+Unit Ks) and by S2h is compared with S2t confirms main frame.
Step 26: when confirming main frame, terminal conversion charging system, Balance+ID is encrypted to M=Encrypt, and (Balance+ID Ks), and sends to main frame with the numerical value M that encrypts.(M Ks) and with ID ' and ID compares, and main frame is confirmed terminal again to be decrypted into Balance '+ID '=Decrypt by the numerical value M that will encrypt.When terminal is identified, stored balance on log file.
At last with reference to figure 3 be described in detail in some days, week or month during the flow process used, and timer information check instruction (be used to monitor unusual use).
Step 30: main frame produces first random data (R1, R2, and n) and first random data is sent to terminal.Use terminal inner cryptographic key (KT[n]), produce algorithm by key, produce talk key.That is Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]).In order during terminal check, to compare, utilize feature to produce algorithm, produce first character numerical value S1h=Sig (R2, Ks).Terminal is accepted first random data (R1, R2, and n), and carries out like that the generation talk key as use terminal inner cryptographic key (KT[n]) at main frame in.That is Ks=Encrypt (R1, KT[n]).
Step 32: utilize feature to produce algorithm, terminal produces second character numerical value S1t=Sig, and (R2 Ks), produces second random data (R3), and S1t and R3 is sent to main frame.
Step 34: by S1h is compared with S1t, main frame can be confirmed terminal.When confirming terminal, main frame produces the 3rd character numerical value S2h=Sig, and (H+R3+Time Ks), and sends to terminal with the 3rd character numerical value with the time.Terminal produce the 4th character numerical value S2t=Sig (H+R3+Time, Ks), and by affirmation main frame that S2h is compared with S2t.
Step 36: when main frame was identified, terminal used the message file (Info), different payment mode table (ModeTB), terminal time (Timer), remaining sum and the ID that describe (Log) in detail to encrypt to comprising.
That is, (Ibfo Ks) encrypts Info terminal, and the numerical value M that encrypts is sent to main frame according to M=Encrypt.Info=Log+ModeTB+Balance+ID wherein.(M Ks) is decrypted, and ID ' and ID are compared, and main frame is confirmed terminal again by numerical value M the Info '=Decrypt that will encrypt.When confirming terminal, on the log file use and timer information during sky, week or the moon are being backed up, and checking.
As mentioned above, described and be applied to numerical value of the present invention and transmit and the storage encryption algorithm.In order to be applied in the actual ammeter, must consider following item.
The maximum number that can be connected to the stored digital ammeter of pole type transformer is restricted to 256.3.3KV is being converted in the pole type transformer of 220V supply voltage to 250 numerical value store electricity tables of a local service and supervision unit (LS) management.LS with different sequence numbers (serial number) is connected to the secondary of different pole type transformers.The area service and the supervision unit (AS) that are connected to maximum 256 LS can manage 65536 numerical value store electricity tables.In 256 LS of management, a home server in the trunk structure can be managed nearly 16,000,000 AS.Yet, consider the operation and the efficient of server, preferably limit the maximum of the value storage ammeter of local service management.Signal is crossed the situation of pole type transformer to the opposite side of 220V, supply with the ID of 3 bytes to general powerline modem user and ammeter modulator-demodular unit.Have the microcomputer protection cryptographic calculation and the cryptographic key of bus code function, avoid usurping, or can use secure access module (SAM) selectively as subscriber identification module (SIM) type ID card.Use other microcontroller, can carry out electric weight calculating, mark case and display.Simultaneously, when ammeter and host communication, check that the control and the electrodymamometer of LCD display do not hindered at last.Considered when ammeter provides temporal information free restriction.That is, when supposition spent 1 second that temporal information was delivered to one family, then spend 1 hour with temporal information and be delivered to 3,600 families.The real-time clock of in ammeter, packing into, and use different expenses standards according to the time.At any time revise and time of watchdog timer.Concerning the situation of carrying out tap and raid (hacking),, monitor the unusual use of electricity or use numeral sealing (digital sealing) by power line modem is connected on the PC.
Combine by software and hardware, systematically realized digital sealing.Be used to monitor that the numeral sealing that electrical anomaly uses has obtained realization by a kind of method, in the method, according to 2.44 kilobit information terminals will the time, the detail record of the power consumption that makes sends to server on sky, week or the time point during year.This server records the information in the database, and the information that the information that write down and next time point will send is compared, and total electric weight that comparative result and identical time period is used compares.Latching under the state that relay cuts off the electricity supply, when voltage is added to output terminal, then be defined as stealing electricity consumption.Therefore, emergence message sends to server.
By based on the time, employed total electric weight is estimated the power consumption between day, month or seasonal period between sky, the moon, seasonal period, by given set price during buying power, the whole detailed descriptions of the electricity usage of server can be used as to be better than the basis that the recontract price is signed the agreement.
When since the deposit numerical value stored exhausting, during supply that circuit-breaker is cut off the electricity supply, detect: because the cut-out that overcurrent causes, cut-out under special circumstances or by electricity consumption, unusual electricity consumption at the front end tap power supply of table by checking the method that load voltage exists.
To deposit numerical value through powerline modem transmits and is stored in ammeter, gas meter, water meter and calorie table.Electric power deposit value storage is in SVM, and surplus value is stored in the zone separately of IC-card stored value card.
Item above considering below with reference to Fig. 5 to 7, is described the structure and the course of work of ammeter in detail.
Fig. 5 represents to send and store by power line modem the ammeter of numerical information.In Fig. 5, latching relay 1 is that the on/off of supplying that is used to cut off the electricity supply latchs the class relay switch.Bypass resistance 2 is measured alternating current (AC) by manganese (Mn) resistance of a 0.1m Ω.When latching relay 1 disconnection, when sensor was output as " 0 ", power consumption sensor 3 detected to normal and uses, and when the output of sensor was " 1 ", mensuration terminal 1S and 1L were by bypass, and electricity is just in stolen usefulness.After the remaining sum consumption of label switched device 10, hummer 4 is to the SVM deposit numeric indicia of will looking for novelty, and produces the warning that can hear, therefore instructs power consumer to transmit and storage deposit numerical value.The card sequence number (CSN) that the value storage IC-card 5 of deposit numerical value/increased is not sold passing key registered user's IC-card on management database of person again by the electric power of managing deposit value storage ammeter according to the present invention, when requiring server to transmit deposit numerical value, detect the existence of the legal CSN that is registered, thereby prevent from illegally to make electricity consumption.
Voltage divider 6 with 117,220 and the 240V alternating voltage adjust in certain scope, this scope is the input voltage range of the voltage analog converter (V-ADC) that is converted into digital quantity.Two resistance ratios that utilization is connected in series are selected voltage range.V-ADC 7 is the circuit that are used for the AC voltage analog signal is converted to 16 position digital signals.The converter 8 that the current analog amount is converted into digital quantity is to be used for the circuit that AC current signal with the bypass resistance 2 of flowing through converts 16 or 20 position digital signals to.Electric power consumption function circuit 9 by the digital signal with the digital signal of V-ADC 7 and I-ADC 8 multiply each other calculate electric power (watt), and convert multiplied result to umber of pulse and width signal.Electric power consumption function circuit 9 is compared voltage-phase with current phase, according to angle of various computing of two phase places, and therefore phase difference output is applied to different expenses standards the situation of temporary transient use inductive load as a signal.Label switched device 10 reduces mark according to the consumption (watt/hour) of electric power in the unit interval, when the mark in the label switched device exhausts, and the mark of from the mark case of 10 integers, will looking for novelty, and reduce new mark according to the consumption of electric power.If 10 integer mark casees are depleted, SVM described later then requires the mark of 100 integers, and the mark case of 10 integers can be full of once more.The mark that SVM166 requires can be accepted by the affirmation process of SAM164.Real time clock (RTC) and electric power consumption table 11 be based on an actual clock that comprises year, month, day, branch and second (YYMMDDHHMMSS), according to power supply and 50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, and 200% conditions of demand carry out the different operating of multistage electrically charge standard.
Meet the IC-card reader of ISO7816 and registering instrument 12 and be and be used for synchronously and asynchronous and IC-card carry out the communication port of eight terminals of communication a kind of comprising, these eight terminals are by comprising Vcc, CiK,, the ISO7816 part 2 of DIO, Reset and Gnd defines.The IC-card that to issue usually down by the on-line state is inserted in the ammeter, the multiduty deposit numerical value of record thing such as electric power, gas, water, hot water, heat energy and payment TV take on an IC-card.Process numerical value transmits and the storage ammeter writes down on IC-card after the numerical value that is transmitted by the gas server, extracts card, inserts in the gas meter, and this numerical information is delivered to gas meter, thereby according to the numerical information on the gas use amount minimizing card.Therefore, under off-line state, can operand value transmit and the storage ammeter.
Transmission line modulator-demodular unit 13 carries out data communication through transmission line.With each modulator-demodular unit of address setting in the middle of 256 transmission line modulator-demodular unit ID addresses (PLMID).According to the present invention, according to the requirement of value storage ammeter, AD/DC power supply 14 provides operating voltage.During producing, 3 byte ID of value storage ammeter internal digital are recorded on the ROM.Within a certain period of time, comprise the situation of the nonvolatile memory 15 record electric power consumptions of short-access storage, that is to say,, just write down power consumption, can find the details of 24 hours electric power consumptions every 60 seconds by the value storage ammeter of 16 information.By 7 day power consumption total amount is added together, and obtain the details of power consumption weekly, by 30 day power consumption total amount is added together each other, and obtain the details of power consumption every month, usurping or electric unusual consumption of remote monitoring electricity, and carry out electronic seal.Crypto bus 16 comprises: CPU (central processing unit) (CPU) 162; Secure storage module (SAM) 164 is used to keep encryption key and cryptographic calculation, with storage deposit numerical value; And storage numerical module 166 (SVM), be used for storage deposit numerical value.Bus 16 is avoided depositing the forgery and the use of numerical value and is plagiarized, got rid of secret attack.LCD LCD17 shows that remaining sum, delivery status, the actual electric power of deposit numerical value consume situation and accumulation electric quantity consumption situation, so that the user discerns intuitively.The input end of power transmission line and output terminal 18 comprise and are used for the 1s that the input and output with power transmission line are connected with each other, 2s, 2L and 1L and be used to prevent the shell of physics tap.Lightning arrester 19 is the circuit that are used to absorb lightning or surge voltage.
The ammeter that is used to measure particular electrical power has more than been described.Yet,, therefore can measure at least two kinds of electric power according to the kind of electricity because ammeter of the present invention comprises voltage divider 6, V-ADC7, I-ADC8, latchs relay 1 and bypass resistance 2.That is, with voltage divider, V-ADC, I-ADC, latch the combination of relay and bypass resistance,, detect and operate each magnitude of current in addition so that can be selectively or when using at least two kinds of power supplys of different voltages simultaneously.
The course of work of the value storage ammeter of above structure is described below.Not selling again the person as electricity providers or electric power mentions, use deposit value storage method, by powerline modem 13, will be in the SVM166 of each terminal from the deposit value storage of main frame, each ammeter is according to the electric power consumption amount computational costs by 9 operations of electric power consumption function circuit, expense of being calculated and the deposit numerical value remaining sum that is stored among the SVM166 are compared, by label switched device 10 computational costs.When in SVM166, remaining the remaining sum of no more than certain quantity,, give the user with balance status notification by making buzzer call.When remaining sum is not enough,, will be sent among the SVM166 from the deposit numerical value of main frame or latch relay 1 and interrupt power supply by operation by above-mentioned deposit value storage method.By between the terminal of main frame and value storage ammeter of the present invention, carrying out communication, can in SVM166, store the deposit numerical information.Yet, the electric power numerical information that is stored in the IC-card 5 can be sent to SVM, and by in electricity, gas, water and calorie IC-card 5 insertions value storage ammeter of the present invention with family or mechanism, the information stores that transmitted in SVM, has been write down certain amount of legal distribution on IC-card 5.
That is to say, by using the certain electric power number in the numerical range that in SVM, is write down, ammeter of the present invention shows the information such as every month consumption and card remaining sum on the LCD17 that is installed, when no more than certain amount of the residue in the card, hummer 4 is sounded.Thus, the customer requirements server transmits deposit numerical value.This deposit numerical information is automatically charged to expense the bank account of protocols having in the past or is checked out by credit card.By power transmission line, onlinely accept electric power numerical value, and be stored among the SVM166.Reduce this numerical value according to power consumption.
Therefore, by saving the formality of meter reading, input and calculating consumption and printing and mailing bill, electric power provider and electric power are not sold the person again can save cost.Owing to pay electricity charge bill in advance.Therefore, saved the unpaid charging process again that expires.In addition, because pre-payment has interest, adopts different expenses standards and can save cost purchasing by telephone to there are differences between electricity price lattice and the sale of electricity price according to the electricity consumption actual conditions, these all can bring interests, thereby, can reduce the expense of electricity charge bill.The electricity sellers can manage the higher business of increment.
In order to prevent to be used for confirming that except that electric supplier or electric use of not selling forgery card the legal distribution IC-card of person again the SAM164 of card is encased in ammeter.When card inserted terminal, terminal and card were confirmed each other.When the money information amount on the card was transmitted as deposit numerical value by terminal, terminal was operated according to ciphering process shown in Figure 1.Therefore prevented to forge the use of card.During the dismounting table, can consider to make the easy mistake of encryption key and make the invalid method of terminal, prevent that computer hacker's secret from attacking, for example, prevent to dismantle the value storage ammeter for forging terminal or card.Yet, have only a quantity minimizing key that reduces deposit numerical value according to power consumption at the cryptographic calculation and the encryption key of terminal inner.Therefore, can not increase amount or deposit numerical information.Particularly, in the present invention,, during by phone or digital handset and ARS server contact, use credit card or cash in banks to set use amount selectively when user/user transmits deposit numerical value in order to require.In guaranteeing the scope of paying, beginning numerical value transport process.This process also can be undertaken by the Internet.Particularly, when the accounts between electric sellers/electricity person of reselling and the financial institution transmit numerical value that contact stores automatically and reduce to a certain numerical range, concerning the people who never used computing machine or information communication network, can transmit numerical value automatically.Particularly, under the situation of carrying out the payment request transaction by SET electronic transaction process with direct debit card, server as computing machine shopping plaza (cybermall) can be put into digital envelope (DE) with the details of transaction, and this digital envelope has the effect of affirmation (sign) transaction details.Therefore, can not negate or forge process of exchange.
To describe above-mentioned implementation procedure of the present invention and the condition of mentioning below in detail.
1) process that produces, transmits and store deposit numerical value
Make electricity consumption sellers or the electricity person's of reselling passing key (Mk), by producing the deposit numerical information with user management database communication and operation.By regional service and supervision (AS) and local service and supervision (LS), select the user ID sequence number that requires by power transmission line LAN modulator-demodular unit.When requiring user ID sequence number and communication to finish, confirm the legitimacy of server and terminal by the above-mentioned affirmation process of mentioning.When confirming to finish, transmit the deposit numerical information that needs.The deposit numerical information that transmits through power transmission line is stored in the storage numerical module (SVM).
2) process of transmission and numerical value that storage increases
Improve effect of the present invention by increasing an increase numerical value transmitting function, this function can together be used with electricity, gas, water, calorie and the hot water gauge of IC-card off-line operation, and does not need independent connection.Process by above-mentioned generation of mentioning and transmission numerical value is carried out generation and the transmission that increases numerical value.The value storage that is increased is in IC-card, rather than in the ammeter.The increase numerical information such as gas, water, hot water and heat energy that is stored in the IC-card can be introduced in IC-card off-line water meter and the gas meter, and in IC-card off-line water meter and gas meter, operate the IC-card compatibility that this IC-card off-line water meter and gas meter and same Applicant are submitted to, application number is provided for 98-6947 and 98-6948 korean patent application.Therefore, make efficiency of management optimization.
3) consumption of deposit numerical information
In label switched device (TE) 10, reduce the deposit numerical information that is stored among the SVM166 according to power consumption.Reduce mark according to several milliwatts in the unit interval, several watts or several kilowatts.When the mark of least unit exhausts, reduce the deposit numerical information by the labeling process that will look for novelty.
4) different application of electric consumption rate
Select the electricity usage pattern by program, and use this electricity usage pattern automatically, the electricity usage pattern can differentially be used multistage electricity rates according to the time section in working day, weekend, season and month, wherein uses certain deposit quantity.In electric power consumption pattern list 11, according to supplying time section and characteristic and to the requirement and the use of electric power and power supply, can adopt various expenses standard, for example, utilize real-time clock (RTC), adopt 100% rate daytime on working day, the routine work time on working day is adopted 75% discount before and afterwards, adopt 50% discount night, the routine work time appreciates 200%, 2 to 4 rises in price 300% in afternoon during summer, air-conditioning used increase fast.Because identical power consumption is used independent sign interchanger (TE) 10, therefore, the deposit numerical value of application memory differentially.Thereby it is optimum that the consumption of electric power becomes during each time section.Like this, make the demand maximization of the efficiency of supply and electric power.So, reduced electricity charge bill.
5) remaining sum inspection and cut-out automatically
The deposit numerical information that shows SVM166 on the display device such as LCD is so that the user can at any time check remaining sum.When deposit numerical value exhausted, the label switched device sent the audible alarm with audio frequency, notifies the last mark of user to be used.When last mark is deposited numerical value before being consumed when not paying again, by sending the supply that shutoff signal is cut off electricity to the relay that latchs that is connected in series to power transmission line.
In order to satisfy above-mentioned various implementation procedures and the condition of mentioning, the present invention can together use with various gas meter and water meter, these tables can based on down array structure and principle and numerical value that needn't meter reading transmits and the basis of value storage ammeter on, transmit increase numerical value by IC-card.
Real-time detection voltage (V) and electric current (A) according to value storage ammeter of the present invention, use the electric power consumption circuit to calculate electric weight (W), detect the electric consumption of unit interval, convert the numerical information of being stored to mark, power consumption according to the unit interval in label switched device 10 reduces mark, when mark exhausts, the deposit numerical information that look for novelty.In addition, all information such as residue deposit numerical information amount and electric consumption state that should know of user all show by LCD Panel 17.When last deposit numerical information converts mark pattern to,, notify the user thus by sending audible alarm with audio frequency.Therefore, (re-charge) deposit of restoring numerical value.When inside deposit numerical information exhausts, latch the supply that relay 1 cuts off electricity by cut-out.
In the pattern list (MT) 11 of the different electric expenses standard of the enough Pyatyis at least of energy, real-time clock (RTC) is differentially used such as 10%, 75% according to the time section, 100%, the electricity charge of 200% and 300% and so on various different stages, and reduce the deposit numerical information.That is,,, differentially reduce the deposit numerical value of SVM because TE10 uses multistage electric expenses standard according to the time-program(me) of definition in the MT deposit although employed electricity is identical in the unit interval.Therefore, make the electric consumption of each time section become optimum.Therefore, preferably balance electric Supply and Demand.The system of multistage electric expenses standard has provided according to the user and has selected the discount benefit used.For example, excessively the discount at night of power supply can reduce electric provider's power supply stocking rate.When summer, office concentrated the use air-conditioning, prop up the electricity charge of paying heavy price, and produce hot storage system.Therefore, the benefit of discount can be given electric consumption person such as family or mechanism.
Value storage ammeter of the present invention has the enciphered digital bus structure, and in this structure, the numerical value of storing in order to prevent is forged and secret the attack, and the stranger can not read CPU162 and internal storage.The value storage ammeter comprises: the secure access module (SAM) 164 and the storage numerical module (SVM) 166 that can add secret interior keys (KT[n]) and cryptographic calculation.If computer hacker or encryption attacker then can not see cryptographic key and the cryptographic calculation of SAM and SVM in order to forge deposit numerical information dismounting ammeter.The SAM of main frame, SVM and passing key (Mk) are confirmed mutually.Therefore, SAM and SVM use passing key can transmit and store the deposit numerical information by process above-mentioned.SAM and SVM use passing key can store the numerical information of deposit numerical information and increase in IC-card.When IC-card inserts in the ammeter, by being sent to, reset signal accepts replying of reset signal in the card, and IC-card and terminal are confirmed mutually, through SVM and SAM exchange deposit numerical information, the deposit numerical information are calculated in the legal use of IC-card.By the independent encryption key of publisher (Mk) record deposit numerical information.Therefore, can not increase deposit numerical value.Follow international standard (ISO) 7816 part 1s, part 2, the 3rd part, the 4th part, the 8th part and the 10th part and carry out such process, such process comprises actual standard, electric signal, communications protocol and ciphering process.According at least two encryption keys of gerentocratic needs storage.Change an encryption key according to shed repair sometime.Use encryption key selectively.Therefore, the rogue that has prevented deposit numerical value is used.
Carry out deposit numerical value and the transmission that increases numerical value by the electric power modulator-demodular unit, and the legal use of monitored value.In order to monitor usurping and punishing illegal use of electricity, an electric consumption testing circuit is set, and in nonvolatile memory (NVM) 15, writes down power information, and needn't visit that ammeter installs local and check lead sealing or winestone (tartar) sealing.Such circuit can be regularly monitored by LS and AS,, and actual lead sealing needn't be checked with realization electronic seal function.
The value storage ammeter has the value storage ammeter sequence number (SVPMSN) of 3 bytes.Discern 1/256 numeral (M-ID) address by modulator-demodular unit, electrical modulation detuner 13 and LS communication.When electric sellers or the electricity person's of reselling server is seen when transmitting the requiring of numerical value, its begins value storage ammeter short distance communication with the user according to the addressing process that is used to select user M-ID.
The user gets in touch, selects by credit card or account No. clearing by phone or digital handset 20 or auxiliary keyboard (keypad) 21 and electric sellers or the electricity person's of reselling ARS, the paying of the electricity deposit numerical value that selection is transmitted, and requirement transmits deposit numerical value thus.Then, require deposit numerical value management server to transmit deposit numerical value by the AN that provides by credit card company server.By AS and LS, electric sellers' deposit numerical value management server is called out M-ID, will deposit numerical value and be sent to SVPM, the deposit numerical value that utilizes above-mentioned value storage process storage to be transmitted.
Be connected to electrical modulation detuner on the 117V/220V power transmission line by the distance of 3 kms farthest, LS sequentially monitors nearly 256 numerical value store electricity users' electric consumption state.LS is call address 1/256 sequentially ... the SVPM of n/256, inspection and control again variable condition, the controlling grade system model of the inner real-time clock of SVPM, the CSN that checks card, backup deposit numerical value remaining sum, check steal electricity and the unusual existence of using and according to sky, week or month during the consumption of electricity download form, therefore amount to and estimate the demand of electricity.Total and estimated result are used to instruct the power supply price of coordinating purchase electricity price lattice and controlling again.
In deposit transmission and storing process, because their installation environment is poor, the line construction complexity, therefore, except ammeter, gas, water, heat and hot water gauge all are to use the IC-card off-line operation, do not have independent connection.When the increase numerical information that transmits by the value storage ammeter is stored in the IC-card, and IC-card is when inserting in water, gas and the hotlist, the numerical information that storage increases in each table.Reduce mark by same deposit numerical value minimizing process.When the deposit numerical information exhausts, be used to stop the valve closing of gas, water, heat and hot water supply.In the function that increases the numerical value transmission, numerical value transmits and the storage ammeter can together use with the service of increase numerical value, the function of utilizing increase numerical value to transmit, and efficient of the present invention is improved.Utilize and generation and the identical process of transmission deposit numerical value, produce and transmit the numerical value that is increased.Storing the numerical value that is increased on the IC-card rather than on the ammeter.By carrying out said process, increase numerical information on IC-card storage such as gas, water, hot water and the heat, and these information can be sent to IC-card off-line water meter and gas meter, this IC-card off-line water meter and gas meter can keep (hold) in the IC-card that 98-6947 number and 98-6948 korean patent application are provided.
Below, will be described in transmission requirement of deposit numerical value and process in the electrical modulation detuner with reference to figure 6.
In the electricity person of reselling 50, the passing key IC-card 51 of using system manager, those people that accept IC-card to hope issue user's IC-card.After the deposit numerical value that pays down with cash or credit card such as electricity, gas, water, hot water and heat energy, first deposit numerical value of storage in IC-card.In the value storage ammeter that IC-card is inserted into user 55, store electricity deposit numerical value in ammeter.When IC-card is inserted in user 55 gas, water, hot water and the heat energy table, storage deposit numerical value in each table.After first deposit value storage, use the electrical modulation detuner,, further deposit numerical value/increase numerical value is stored by the numerical value transport process.Can transmit and store numerical value with phone, the Internet, P-ATM (EMV96) and value storage ammeter.Transmit and store numerical value with cryptographic calculation form above-mentioned.The transmission passage of deposit numerical value/increase numerical value is as follows.From the customer data base of the electricity person of reselling 50 master server, obtain user record information.In credit card sequence number, direct payment card sequence number and account No., select one by the user, ensure to the payment of bank or VAN company.Decipher the deposit numerical information by the passing key of SAM.ID by AS and LS calling network user numerical value store electricity table.SAM and passing key are confirmed mutually.Then, transmit deposit numerical value/increase numerical information.When local supervision unit (LS) downloads from the value storage ammeter, sky, week or month during electric service recorder, monitor electricity user mode and based on hour and day deposit numerical value remaining sum, time is resetted, and the use pattern and the program of following live monitor usurping and unusual use of electricity.In addition, utilize the method above-mentioned that is similar to, between electric sellers' 53 amount computing system 54 and the electricity person of reselling 50, carry out the calculating of amount.
Fig. 7 is a decomposition diagram, represents the profile of value storage ammeter of the present invention.Value storage ammeter of the present invention comprises the LCD display 17 on front surface top and input, the output terminal 66 of front surface bottom.Input, output terminal 66 is connected on the power transmission line, is used for input and output electric power, and input, output terminal 66 usefulness are anti-usurps shell 64 coverings.At the anti-upper surface of usurping shell digital handset 20 and numerical value being set transmits and requires collateral key 21.In addition, at the side formation IC-card insertion groove 60 of ammeter, so that IC-card inserts wherein.When IC-card is inserted in the IC-card insertion groove 60, deposits value storage in IC-card, and from IC-card, read.Usurp in addition ,/dissembling inspection sealing unit 62 is parts of ammeter, is used to seal ammeter, so that electricity can not be stolen.
As mentioned above, only by powerline modem, invention has been described in conjunction with the value storage ammeter.Between server and terminal, carry out communication by powerline modem, can exchange common necessary information.Can replace power transmission line with general telephone wire, wireless frequency relay connection and catv line.
As mentioned above, according to the present invention,, can reduce the manpower expense of visiting by saving the meter reading process such as electricity, gas, water and heat energy consumption, save the computing expense, saving and print and post bill and save the bill that rate is used.
In addition, can reduce owing to not collecting the loss that electric bill and debt cause, and since by credit card or from bank account the numerical value of payment deposit in advance, and can provide the numerical value of increase.Therefore, electric provider can provide high increase numerical value.
Industrial applicibility
The invention describes a kind of ammeter of complexity, can solve with this ammeter and have to visit With economy and the safety problem with the traditional long-range ammeter of eye examination.

Claims (17)

1, a kind of method that is used to store deposit information, this method is by the electric power modem in the value storage ammeter of terminal, utilize the communication between main frame and each terminal, come deposit information is stored in the value storage module in the value storage ammeter, this method may further comprise the steps:
(a) main frame produces first random data, first random data is sent to terminal, use the terminal inner cryptographic key, generate talk key by producing the algorithm key, during terminal check, produce algorithm and produce first eigenwert by affirmation, be used for comparison, and terminal accepts first random data, and uses the method identical with main frame to produce talk key;
(b) terminal produces second eigenwert by confirming generation algorithm and second random data, and second random data sent to main frame;
(c) first and second eigenwert of main frame comparison and confirm terminal, when terminal is identified, main frame produces the 3rd eigenwert, and the 3rd eigenwert sent to the terminal with amount information, this terminal is accepted from the 3rd eigenwert of main frame and amount information, produce the 4th eigenwert, and by be compared to each other the 3rd and the 4th eigenwert confirm main frame and
(d) terminal increases numerical value by amount information is decoded, and will by use cryptographic algorithm to remaining sum and the Termination ID numerical value of encrypting acquisition send to main frame, main frame is accepted the numerical value of encryption, be decrypted encrypting numerical value, the Termination ID stored and the Termination ID of deciphering are compared, confirm terminal again, when finishing affirmation, remaining sum is backed up in log file.
2, the described method of claim 1 further comprises electricity charge system switch process, and this step comprises step by step following:
(a1) main frame produces first random data, first random data is sent to terminal, use the terminal feature cryptographic key, produce algorithm generation talk key by key, during terminal check, by confirming that producing algorithm produces first eigenwert, be used for comparison, and terminal accepts first random data, and use the method identical to produce talk key with main frame;
(b1) terminal produces second eigenwert by confirming generation algorithm and second random data, and second random data sent to main frame;
(c1) first and second eigenwert of main frame comparison and confirm terminal, when terminal is identified, main frame produces the 3rd eigenwert, and the 3rd eigenwert sent to the terminal with pattern information, this terminal is accepted the 3rd eigenwert and pattern information from main frame, and produces the 4th eigenwert; With
(d1) by the 3rd and the 4th character numerical value are compared each other, terminal check main frame, and terminal conversion rate system utilize cryptographic calculation, generation is by encrypting the encryption numerical value of acquisition to pattern information and Termination ID, and will encrypt numerical value and send to main frame, main frame accepts to encrypt numerical value, is decrypted encrypting numerical value, the Termination ID stored and the Termination ID of deciphering are compared, confirm terminal again, when finishing affirmation, in log file, back up remaining sum.
3, the described method of claim 2 comprises that further application message detects the step of instruction, and this step comprises step by step following:
(a2) main frame produces first random data, first random data is sent to terminal, use the terminal feature cryptographic key, generate talk key by producing the algorithm key, during terminal check, produce algorithm by feature and produce first eigenwert, be used for comparison, terminal is accepted first random data, and uses the method identical with main frame to produce talk key;
(b2) terminal produces second eigenwert by confirming generation algorithm and second random data, and second random data sent to main frame;
(c2) first and second eigenwert of main frame comparison and confirm terminal, when terminal is identified, main frame produces the 3rd eigenwert, and the 3rd eigenwert sent to the terminal with temporal information, this terminal is accepted the 3rd eigenwert and temporal information from main frame, produces the 4th eigenwert; With
(d2) by the 3rd and the 4th character numerical value are compared mutually, the terminal check main frame, utilize cryptographic calculation to encrypt to using the log file that describes in detail, terminal sends the numerical value that this encryption obtains, the numerical value of encrypting is sent to main frame, main frame is accepted the numerical value of encryption, the numerical value of encrypting is decrypted, with the Termination ID of the Termination ID stored and deciphering relatively, confirm terminal again, when finishing when confirming, in log file backup relevant to several days, the information of employed information and timer during several weeks and the some months.
4, a kind of value storage ammeter that is used to measure power consumption comprises the input and output side of power transmission line, and this value storage ammeter comprises:
The power consumption operation part is used to measure the voltage and current of power transmission line, and calculates used electric weight;
Electric power modem is used for carrying out data communication through power transmission line between main frame and terminal;
The safe storage part, comprise secure access module (SAM) and cryptographic algorithm, secure access module (SAM) has CPU and cryptographic key, cryptographic algorithm is used to store numerical value, storing value module (SVM) is used to store numerical value, be used to avoid the duplicity of numerical information to use and attack, get rid of secret the attack, and when requiring the sign of SVM (token), require affirmation process SAM;
On/off latchs delay switch, is used for the remaining sum consequent interruption power supply according to SVM; And
Sign (token) interchanger, the electric weight that is used for consuming according to the unit interval reduces sign, and this sign comes from the numerical information of SVM input, and when inner mark exhausted, the sign that SVM will look for novelty was to the sign case.
5, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4, further comprise IC-card reading and recording section, to use by IC-card being inserted into other table that allows in the ammeter such as water, gas and card li table, accept the numerical value of online main frame, in the IC-card that is inserted, write down the numerical value of being accepted, and read the numerical value of being accepted in the IC-card.
6, the described value storage ammeter of claim 5, wherein IC-card reading and recording section are applied to water, gas, and calorimeter, these tables adopt the IC-card method with off-line (off-line) state of operation, on IC-card, write down as gas by electric power modem, the numerical value that water and so on increased, utilize the reading and the recording section of IC-card, can be by comprising by defined eight communications portion that terminal is formed of international standard 7816 second portions (ISO7816 Part2), the numerical value of store electricity in IC-card, in eight terminals Vcc is arranged, Clk, DIO, Reset and Gnd are used for the synchronous and asynchronous communication with IC-card.
7, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4 further comprises:
The AC/DC converter is used to provide the operating voltage of ammeter needs;
The power consumption sensor is used for the detection situation, when the output of sensor is " 0 ", be normal electricity consumption, and when the output of sensor was " 1 ", then terminal is by bypass, for usurping; And
Hummer is used for will looking for novelty sign and receiving last when sign to SVM after the remaining sum of sign interchanger exhausts, and the warning that generation can be heard and guides the user to carry out numerical value conversion and storage.
8, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4, wherein the electric consumption operation part comprises:
Bypass resistance is used to detect ac flow;
Voltage divider, two resistance that are used to be connected in series, and the ratio of two resistance select in the given voltage range so that in the input voltage range of voltage table, regulate the alternating voltage of electric wire;
Analog quantity converts the converter of digital quantity to, and the ac current signal that is used for flowing through bypass resistance converts 16 or 20 s' digital signal to; And
Analog quantity converts the converter of digital quantity to, is used for alternating voltage converted to 16 digital signal;
Wherein, the phase place of voltage is compared with the phase place of electric current, and calculates the phasing degree that two phase places differ from one another, as the signal output of using different prices.
9, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4, further comprise the electric consumption table, this electric consumption table is an electricity charge pattern lists, be used for according to power supply and based on comprise year, the moon, the time, branch and second the state that requires of real-time clock, given discriminatively such as 50%, multistage electricity rates such as 75%, 100% and 200%.
10, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4, comprise nonvolatile memory, store special 3 byte ID numerals, and the time, the sky or month regular period in record use electricity condition, be used for telemonitoring and usurp electricity or unusual electricity consumption, and realize the electrons function.
11, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4 comprises the display of liquid crystal display (LCD), is used for visually showing the delivery status of remaining sum, the numerical value of numerical value, electric consumption state and accumulation electricity condition in real time.
12, the described value storage ammeter of claim 5, wherein, this value storage ammeter can be used for simple voice payment device by SET e-commerce transaction process, use EMV ' 96 deposits of future generation and the direct debit card of mixing with IC-card reader and register in SET e-commerce transaction process, this value storage ammeter further comprises:
Device such as phone, the Internet, P-ATM (EMV ' 96) and digital handset is used for carrying out voice communication or transmitting acoustic information to help the affairs of user's processing such as storage with the people of responsible host server; And
Collateral key is used to the numerical value that the direct request of user will be stored.
13, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4, wherein, the electric input and output side of this ammeter comprises shell, and carries out physical seal, to prevent the physics lead-in wire, prevents to steal electricity, and prevents unusual use.
14, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4 further comprises overvoltage crowbar, is used to absorb thunder and lightning or pulse voltage on the feeder power transmission line.
15, the described value storage ammeter of claim 4, wherein, transformer is reduced to normally used voltage 110/220/240V with the voltage of 3.3KV, and the power transmission line of this transformer further comprises the current transformer that is used to detect the electric current total amount,
Wherein, ammeter is connected in local service and the supervision unit (LS) by network, local service and supervision unit (LS) have the electrical modulation detuner, be used for power transmission line on maximum 256 numerical value store electricity tables and being used to regional service and supervision unit (AS) of managing maximum 256 LS carry out communication.
16, the described value storage ammeter of claim 15, wherein main frame further comprises electric sellers and the electricity person's of reselling server, be used for to having passing key, using the user of IC-card to issue IC-card, when the numerical value of customer requirements storage, automatically transmit numerical value, the legal use of supervision and leading subscriber numerical value amounts to and analyzes the user power utilization state that describes in detail, therefore when buying electricity, redefine price
Wherein, each server admin and the monitored value that are connected to a plurality of AS transmit and store ammeter, and transmit and store in the ammeter and store numerical value at numerical value, and this ammeter can be connected with LS with AS with tree-building version.
17, the described value storage ammeter of claim 15, further comprise voltage divider, voltage analog be converted into the converter of digital quantity, current analog amount be converted into digital quantity converter, latch relay and bypass resistance, so that if at least two kinds of power supplys optionally use other voltage or use at least two kinds of voltages synchronously, then can independent measurement and each magnitude of current of operation.
CNB998061018A 1998-05-12 1999-05-12 Method for transmitting and storing value and valve store electric power meter using the same Expired - Fee Related CN1252478C (en)

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