NZ193059A - Recombinant lead acid battery: absorbed electrolytic antimony in electrodes - Google Patents
Recombinant lead acid battery: absorbed electrolytic antimony in electrodesInfo
- Publication number
- NZ193059A NZ193059A NZ193059A NZ19305980A NZ193059A NZ 193059 A NZ193059 A NZ 193059A NZ 193059 A NZ193059 A NZ 193059A NZ 19305980 A NZ19305980 A NZ 19305980A NZ 193059 A NZ193059 A NZ 193059A
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- weight
- battery
- positive
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 22
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002142 lead-calcium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 115
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 0.02 to 0.05% copper Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L disodium;(2r)-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].COC1=CC=CC(C[C@H](CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001999 grid alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004117 Lignosulphonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019357 lignosulphonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2,4$l^{2}-dioxathiaplumbetane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009783 overcharge test Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/56—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of lead
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
- H01M10/342—Gastight lead accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/68—Selection of materials for use in lead-acid accumulators
- H01M4/685—Lead alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
- H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
- H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
- Liquid Developers In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7908035 | 1979-03-07 | ||
| GB7916121 | 1979-05-09 | ||
| GB7938072 | 1979-11-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NZ193059A true NZ193059A (en) | 1984-03-16 |
Family
ID=27260689
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NZ193059A NZ193059A (en) | 1979-03-07 | 1980-03-06 | Recombinant lead acid battery: absorbed electrolytic antimony in electrodes |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0024407B1 (OSRAM) |
| JP (1) | JPS56500316A (OSRAM) |
| AU (1) | AU534825B2 (OSRAM) |
| DE (1) | DE3069481D1 (OSRAM) |
| DK (1) | DK474780A (OSRAM) |
| ES (1) | ES489248A0 (OSRAM) |
| MX (1) | MX151163A (OSRAM) |
| NL (1) | NL8020069A (OSRAM) |
| NO (1) | NO152919C (OSRAM) |
| NZ (1) | NZ193059A (OSRAM) |
| SE (1) | SE8007781L (OSRAM) |
| WO (1) | WO1980001970A1 (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA806193B (en) * | 1979-10-08 | 1982-05-26 | Chloride Group Ltd | Electric storage batteries |
| GB2084791A (en) * | 1980-10-03 | 1982-04-15 | Gould Inc | Lead acid batteries |
| US4401730A (en) * | 1980-10-03 | 1983-08-30 | Gnb Batteries Inc. | Sealed deep cycle lead acid battery |
| JP6601654B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-17 | 2019-11-06 | 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ | 制御弁式鉛蓄電池 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU32375A1 (OSRAM) * | 1953-09-25 | |||
| GB1032852A (en) * | 1962-01-29 | 1966-06-15 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Improvements in or relating to sealed electric storage batteries |
| AU407845B2 (en) * | 1968-05-27 | 1970-11-09 | Yuasa Battery Company Limited | A lead-acid storage battery |
| US3622398A (en) * | 1968-10-04 | 1971-11-23 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd | Sealed type storage battery |
| CA1009301A (en) * | 1970-08-03 | 1977-04-26 | John L. Devitt | Maintenance-free lead-acid sealed electrochemical cell with gas recombination |
| BE789345A (fr) * | 1971-10-18 | 1973-01-15 | Varta Batterie | Alliage de plomb, pauvre en antimoine, pour grilles d'accumulateurs |
| GB1461260A (en) * | 1973-03-15 | 1977-01-13 | Electric Power Storage Ltd | Electric storage battery grids |
| IT1048039B (it) * | 1974-10-31 | 1980-11-20 | Chloride Group Ltd | Perfezionamento nelle pile elettrochimiche al piombo acido a chiusura ermetica |
| US4158563A (en) * | 1977-10-11 | 1979-06-19 | N L Industries, Inc. | Low antimonial lead alloy for making grids for use in maintenance free batteries |
-
1980
- 1980-03-06 NZ NZ193059A patent/NZ193059A/en unknown
- 1980-03-06 MX MX181456A patent/MX151163A/es unknown
- 1980-03-06 AU AU56217/80A patent/AU534825B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-03-06 WO PCT/GB1980/000041 patent/WO1980001970A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-03-06 JP JP50055480A patent/JPS56500316A/ja active Pending
- 1980-03-06 DE DE8080900435T patent/DE3069481D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-03-06 NL NL8020069A patent/NL8020069A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-03-06 ES ES489248A patent/ES489248A0/es active Granted
- 1980-09-24 EP EP80900435A patent/EP0024407B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-04 NO NO803306A patent/NO152919C/no unknown
- 1980-11-05 SE SE8007781A patent/SE8007781L/ not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-11-07 DK DK474780A patent/DK474780A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO803306L (no) | 1980-11-04 |
| ES8103483A1 (es) | 1981-02-16 |
| AU5621780A (en) | 1980-09-11 |
| AU534825B2 (en) | 1984-02-16 |
| SE8007781L (sv) | 1980-11-05 |
| NL8020069A (nl) | 1981-01-30 |
| JPS56500316A (OSRAM) | 1981-03-12 |
| NO152919C (no) | 1985-12-11 |
| ES489248A0 (es) | 1981-02-16 |
| DE3069481D1 (en) | 1984-11-29 |
| DK474780A (da) | 1980-11-07 |
| NO152919B (no) | 1985-09-02 |
| MX151163A (es) | 1984-10-05 |
| WO1980001970A1 (en) | 1980-09-18 |
| EP0024407A1 (en) | 1981-03-11 |
| EP0024407B1 (en) | 1984-10-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Krivik et al. | Electrochemical energy storage | |
| US4373015A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| US4331747A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| AU650181B2 (en) | Novel sealed lead-acid cell having a novel lug and end cover assembly | |
| GB2070844A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| EP0024407B1 (en) | Lead acid electric storage batteries | |
| CA1179013A (en) | Sealed, maintenance-free, lead-acid batteries for float applications | |
| WO1980002472A1 (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| EP0036421B1 (en) | Assembling electric batteries | |
| GB2054249A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| GB2072929A (en) | Lead acid electric storage batteries | |
| EP0037817B1 (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| GB2052839A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| GB2048556A (en) | Lead acid electric storage batteries | |
| GB2127613A (en) | Lead acid electric storage batteries | |
| GB2054250A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| GB2071903A (en) | Lead acid electric storage batteries | |
| GB2054946A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| GB2051464A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| AU530843B2 (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| GB2051463A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| GB2062945A (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| GB2080606A (en) | Lead acid electric storage batteries | |
| EP0028228A1 (en) | Electric storage batteries | |
| AU532135B2 (en) | Electric storage batteries |