NO840842L - Katalytisk gassynteseprosess og apparat - Google Patents
Katalytisk gassynteseprosess og apparatInfo
- Publication number
- NO840842L NO840842L NO840842A NO840842A NO840842L NO 840842 L NO840842 L NO 840842L NO 840842 A NO840842 A NO 840842A NO 840842 A NO840842 A NO 840842A NO 840842 L NO840842 L NO 840842L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- catalyst
- reactor
- gases
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 72
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 41
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 759
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 438
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 330
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007036 catalytic synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
- C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
- C01C1/0417—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst characterised by the synthesis reactor, e.g. arrangement of catalyst beds and heat exchangers in the reactor
- C01C1/0423—Cold wall reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0005—Catalytic processes under superatmospheric pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0403—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal
- B01J8/0407—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds
- B01J8/0415—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0492—Feeding reactive fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
- C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
- C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
- C01C1/0417—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst characterised by the synthesis reactor, e.g. arrangement of catalyst beds and heat exchangers in the reactor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/472,998 US4518574A (en) | 1983-03-07 | 1983-03-07 | Catalytic gas synthesis process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO840842L true NO840842L (no) | 1984-09-10 |
Family
ID=23877756
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO840842A NO840842L (no) | 1983-03-07 | 1984-03-06 | Katalytisk gassynteseprosess og apparat |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4518574A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0121355B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS59169529A (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR241873A1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR8401032A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1211615A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3485032D1 (fr) |
| ES (3) | ES8607754A1 (fr) |
| IN (1) | IN160335B (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO840842L (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4624842A (en) * | 1982-11-26 | 1986-11-25 | C. F. Braun & Co. | Temperature controlled ammonia synthesis process |
| DE3343114C2 (de) * | 1983-11-29 | 1985-11-07 | Uhde Gmbh, 4600 Dortmund | Vorrichtung zur Durchführung exothermer, katalytischer Gasreaktionen für die Ammoniak- oder Methanol-Synthese |
| JPS60150824A (ja) * | 1984-01-18 | 1985-08-08 | Toyo Eng Corp | 改良反応器 |
| IN165082B (fr) * | 1985-05-15 | 1989-08-12 | Ammonia Casale Sa | |
| US4867959A (en) * | 1986-11-20 | 1989-09-19 | Santa Fe Braun, Inc. | Process for synthesizing ammonia |
| US4744966A (en) * | 1986-11-20 | 1988-05-17 | Santa Fe Braun Inc. | Process for synthesizing ammonia |
| FR2637908B1 (fr) * | 1988-10-13 | 1991-01-11 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Echangeur de chaleur pour chauffer la charge d'un reformage catalytique fonctionnant sous basse pression |
| DK173023B1 (da) * | 1997-04-21 | 1999-11-15 | Topsoe Haldor As | Fremgangsmåde og reaktor til fremstilling af ammoniak |
| EP0931586B1 (fr) * | 1997-11-28 | 2005-03-16 | Ammonia Casale S.A. | Procédé de modernisation in-situ d'un réacteur hétérogène pour des synthèses exothermiques |
| UA57831C2 (uk) | 1998-03-05 | 2003-07-15 | Хальдор Топсьое А/С | Спосіб і конвертер для одержання аміаку |
| DE60106306T2 (de) * | 2000-02-10 | 2006-02-23 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Ammoniak |
| US9440903B2 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2016-09-13 | Arkema Inc. | Shell and tube oxidation reactor with improved resistance to fouling |
| WO2019121155A1 (fr) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | Casale Sa | Convertisseur catalytique à lits multiples |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT247372B (de) * | 1963-01-15 | 1966-06-10 | Kralovopolska Strojirna Zd Y C | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Betriebstemperaturen von Hochdruckreaktoren |
| GB1057302A (en) * | 1964-02-14 | 1967-02-01 | Rudolf Dohnalek | Improvements in or relating to methods for carrying out exothermic catalytic high pressure gas synthesis |
| DE1258851B (de) * | 1964-09-18 | 1968-01-18 | Zaklady Azotowe Kedzierzyn Fa | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kuehlung der Reaktionsgase bei der Ammoniaksynthese |
| US3721532A (en) * | 1971-02-08 | 1973-03-20 | Braun Co C | Ammonia synthesis system |
| TR18747A (tr) * | 1975-07-15 | 1977-08-02 | Snam Progetti | Yueksek termik duezeyli buhar ueretimiyle amonyagin sentezine mahsus radyal akisli reaktoer |
| GB1574723A (en) * | 1976-03-10 | 1980-09-10 | Haldor Topsoe As | Apparatus for the synthesis of ammonia |
| GB1601475A (en) * | 1977-04-18 | 1981-10-28 | Ici Ltd | Catalytic reactor |
| US4273743A (en) * | 1978-11-02 | 1981-06-16 | Texaco Inc. | Combination chemical plant and Brayton-cycle power plant |
| US4224299A (en) * | 1978-11-02 | 1980-09-23 | Texaco Inc. | Combination chemical plant and Brayton-cycle power plant |
| US4341737A (en) * | 1979-05-22 | 1982-07-27 | The Lummus Company | Apparatus for carrying out catalytic exothermic and endothermic high-pressure gas reactions |
-
1983
- 1983-03-07 US US06/472,998 patent/US4518574A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1984
- 1984-02-24 CA CA000448237A patent/CA1211615A/fr not_active Expired
- 1984-02-28 IN IN177/DEL/84A patent/IN160335B/en unknown
- 1984-03-02 BR BR8401032A patent/BR8401032A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-03-05 ES ES530291A patent/ES8607754A1/es not_active Expired
- 1984-03-06 DE DE8484301484T patent/DE3485032D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-03-06 NO NO840842A patent/NO840842L/no unknown
- 1984-03-06 EP EP84301484A patent/EP0121355B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-03-07 AR AR84295935A patent/AR241873A1/es active
- 1984-03-07 JP JP59044775A patent/JPS59169529A/ja active Pending
- 1984-09-27 ES ES536292A patent/ES8603344A1/es not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-01-31 ES ES551524A patent/ES8700957A1/es not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR8401032A (pt) | 1984-10-09 |
| EP0121355B1 (fr) | 1991-09-11 |
| JPS59169529A (ja) | 1984-09-25 |
| IN160335B (fr) | 1987-07-04 |
| EP0121355A2 (fr) | 1984-10-10 |
| ES8700957A1 (es) | 1986-11-16 |
| ES536292A0 (es) | 1985-12-16 |
| ES530291A0 (es) | 1986-06-01 |
| EP0121355A3 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
| US4518574A (en) | 1985-05-21 |
| ES551524A0 (es) | 1986-11-16 |
| ES8607754A1 (es) | 1986-06-01 |
| AR241873A1 (es) | 1993-01-29 |
| DE3485032D1 (de) | 1991-10-17 |
| CA1211615A (fr) | 1986-09-23 |
| ES8603344A1 (es) | 1985-12-16 |
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