NO840467L - GALVANIC OFFER ANODE ON ALUMINUM ALLOY BASE - Google Patents
GALVANIC OFFER ANODE ON ALUMINUM ALLOY BASEInfo
- Publication number
- NO840467L NO840467L NO840467A NO840467A NO840467L NO 840467 L NO840467 L NO 840467L NO 840467 A NO840467 A NO 840467A NO 840467 A NO840467 A NO 840467A NO 840467 L NO840467 L NO 840467L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- galvanic
- aluminum alloy
- anode
- aluminum
- alloy base
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminium-tin-zinc Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- NJWNEWQMQCGRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[In] NJWNEWQMQCGRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/12—Electrodes characterised by the material
- C23F13/14—Material for sacrificial anodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/006—Preventing deposits of ice
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen vedrører en offeranode for den katodiske korrosjonsbeskyttelse på bais av en zink—og indiumholdig aluminiumlegering. The invention relates to a sacrificial anode for cathodic corrosion protection based on a zinc- and indium-containing aluminum alloy.
Galvaniske offeranoder av aluminiumlegeringer anvendes i økende grad for den katodiske korrosjonsbeskyttelse av bygningsdeler av jernmaterialer som er utsatt for korrosjon på grunn av vandige, spesielt vandige saltholdige medier. Med slike anoder beskyttes eksempelvis rørledninger, skipsskrog, ballast-tanker, borestativer eller stålbygninger, spesielt offshore-anlegg. Galvanic sacrificial anodes of aluminum alloys are increasingly used for the cathodic corrosion protection of building parts made of iron materials which are exposed to corrosion due to aqueous, especially aqueous saline media. With such anodes, for example, pipelines, ship hulls, ballast tanks, drilling rigs or steel buildings, especially offshore facilities, are protected.
Offeranoden må tilpasses seg bygningsdelen som skal beskyttesThe sacrificial anode must adapt to the part of the building to be protected
i enhver form og størrelse og forholde, seg ovenfor denne anodisk. De foreligger fortrinnsvis som støpedel og forbindes eksempelvis ved hjelp av en innleiret metallkjerne elektrisk ledende med jernmaterialet som skal beskyttes. Da erstatningen av forbrukte anoder bare kan foretas med høye omkostninger i beskyttelsessystemet, er det ønskelig med en lang levetid ved tilmålt strømavgivning for den katodiske beskyttelse. Strøminnholdet uttrykkes ved ampéretimene som objektet som in any shape and size and condition, above this anodic. They are preferably available as a cast part and are connected, for example, by means of an embedded electrically conductive metal core to the iron material to be protected. As the replacement of spent anodes can only be carried out at high costs in the protection system, it is desirable for the cathodic protection to have a long service life with measured current output. The current content is expressed by the ampere-hours as the object which
skal beskyttes pr. kilo tilføres forbrukt anodematerial, idet for opprettholdelse av en strøm mellom anode og katode, må drivspenningen være tilstrekkelig stor. Er den imidlertid for stor, beskadiges betraktelig en eventuelt belegning uten forbedring av.den katodiske beskyttelse ;.under tiden blir sågar materialet som skal beskyttes delaktig. must be protected per kilos of spent anode material are added, since to maintain a current between anode and cathode, the drive voltage must be sufficiently large. However, if it is too large, any coating is considerably damaged without improving the cathodic protection; in the meantime, even the material to be protected is affected.
Det er kjent at rent aluminium ikke kan anvendes som material for offeranoder i vandig medium, fordi det med en gang dekker seg med et ca. 200 Å tykt oksydisk sjikt som hindrer strøm-gjennomgangen og passiviserer anoden. For å unngå dannelsen av et slikt sammenhengende dekksjikt må det til aluminiumet settes aktiverende legeringsbestanddeler som zink eller magnesium. Dessuten tillegeres i tillegg bestemte metaller som såkalte "gitterutvidere" som i lengere tid skal opprett-holde anodens aktivitet. Tidligere har man som gitterutvidere overveiende tillegert kvikksølv og kadmium til aluminium for å kunne fremstille anoder av tilstrekkelig effektivitet. Av økologiske grunner er imidlertid disse legeringsmetaller i dag praktisk talt ikke i bruk. Man er derfor gått over til å tillegere til aluminiumet metaller fra gruppen gallium, indium, thallium som gitterutvidere, spesielt indium. Slike kjente aluminiumlegeringer for anoder inneholder zink.log indium ved siden av forurensninger som kobber, jern og silisium, hvilke forurensninger vanligvis stammer fra aluminiumets fremstill-ingsbetingelser. Det er selvsagt av inneholdet av skadelige forurensninger alt etter legering må holdes i forskjellige, men snevre ..grenser. Fra DE-AS 14 58 312 er det kjent som galvanisk anode anvendt aluminiumlegering fra 3,5-9,0% zink, 0,008-0,05% indium resten aluminium. It is known that pure aluminum cannot be used as a material for sacrificial anodes in an aqueous medium, because it immediately covers itself with an approx. 200 Å thick oxide layer that prevents the flow of current and passivates the anode. To avoid the formation of such a continuous covering layer, activating alloy components such as zinc or magnesium must be added to the aluminium. In addition, certain metals are additionally added as so-called "lattice expanders" which are supposed to maintain the anode's activity for a longer period of time. In the past, as lattice expanders, mercury and cadmium were predominantly added to aluminum in order to produce anodes of sufficient efficiency. For ecological reasons, however, these alloy metals are practically not used today. They have therefore switched to adding metals from the group of gallium, indium, thallium to the aluminum as lattice expanders, especially indium. Such known aluminum alloys for anodes contain zink.log indium alongside impurities such as copper, iron and silicon, which impurities usually originate from the aluminum's manufacturing conditions. It is of course due to the content of harmful contaminants depending on the alloy that must be kept within different, but narrow ..limits. From DE-AS 14 58 312 it is known as galvanic anode used aluminum alloy from 3.5-9.0% zinc, 0.008-0.05% indium the rest aluminum.
Alle forurensninger i denne aluminiumlegering som jern, silisium og kobberæ skal tilsammen ikke overstige 0,5%. Den fra DE-AS 25 55 876 kjente aluminiumlegering for en galvanisk offeranode inneholder 0,5-15 vekt-% zink, 0,01-0,06 vekt-% indium og 0,03-0,4 vekt-% silisium, resten aluminium med en renhetsgrad fra 99,8-99,9%. Derved inneholder aluminium som naturlig forekommende forurensninger 0,02-0,08 vekt-% silisium, 0,02-0,1 vekt-% jern og mindre enn 150 ppm kobber. Silisium som legeringselement er for så vidt en meget kritisk komponent, da ved høyere innhold (= 0,4 vekt-%) anodens elektrokjemiske egenskaper drastisk kan ødelegges. Legeringer av tidligere kjent type har teoretiske strøminnhold inntil ca. 2.995 Ah . kg I praksis nåes imidlertid disse verdier på langt nær fordi det ved aktiveringen inntrer en viss "egenfortæring" av anoden, hvorved det praktisk utnyttbare strømutbytte minskes til ca. 2.500 Ah . kg . Normalt for-langes i dag av galvaniske anoder på basis av aluminium et nyttbart strømutbytte på minst 2.400 Ah . kg All impurities in this aluminum alloy such as iron, silicon and copper must not exceed 0.5% in total. The aluminum alloy known from DE-AS 25 55 876 for a galvanic sacrificial anode contains 0.5-15 wt% zinc, 0.01-0.06 wt% indium and 0.03-0.4 wt% silicon, the rest aluminum with a degree of purity from 99.8-99.9%. Thereby, aluminum as naturally occurring impurities contains 0.02-0.08 weight-% silicon, 0.02-0.1 weight-% iron and less than 150 ppm copper. Silicon as an alloying element is therefore a very critical component, since at a higher content (= 0.4% by weight) the anode's electrochemical properties can be drastically destroyed. Alloys of a previously known type have theoretical current contents of up to approx. 2,995 Ah. kg In practice, however, these values are reached very close because a certain "self-consumption" of the anode occurs during activation, whereby the practically usable current yield is reduced to approx. 2,500Ah. kg. Today, galvanic anodes based on aluminum normally demand a usable current yield of at least 2,400 Ah. kg
Endelig er det også kjent ternære aluminium-tinn-zinklegeringer som som forurensninger bl.a. inneholder inntil 0,1% mangan og inntil 0,01%.titan (DE-AS 12 43 884, 12 84 631). Finally, there are also known ternary aluminium-tin-zinc alloys which, as contaminants, e.g. contains up to 0.1% manganese and up to 0.01% titanium (DE-AS 12 43 884, 12 84 631).
Til grunn for oppfinnelsen ligger den oppgave å tilveiebringe en offeranode som ved gode mekaniske egenskaper har en lang levetid ved høy elektrokjemisk virkningsgrad. Gående ut fra en galvanisk offeranode for den katodiske korrosjonsbeskyttelse på basis av en aluminiumlegering av den innledningsvis nevnte type, løses oppgaven ifølge oppfinnelsen med en aluminiumlegering av sammensetning: The invention is based on the task of providing a sacrificial anode which, with good mechanical properties, has a long service life with a high degree of electrochemical efficiency. Starting from a galvanic sacrificial anode for the cathodic corrosion protection based on an aluminum alloy of the type mentioned at the outset, the task according to the invention is solved with an aluminum alloy of composition:
Ved hjelp av tilsetningene ifølge oppfinnelsen av mangan By means of the additions according to the invention of manganese
og titan forbedres offeranodens egenskaper tydelig, dvs. strømutbyttet økes betraktelig. and titanium, the characteristics of the sacrificial anode are clearly improved, i.e. the current yield is increased considerably.
En foretrukket utførelsesform for den galvaniske anode ifølge oppfinnelsen har følgende sammensetning av aluminiumlegering : A preferred embodiment of the galvanic anode according to the invention has the following composition of aluminum alloy:
I de som offeranoder anvendte, ifølge oppfinnelsen sammen-satte aluminiumlegeringer utgjør hensiktsmessig de uønskede forurensninger av kobber ikke mer enn 0,02 vekt-% og av jern og silisium sammen ikke mer enn 0,1 vekt-%. En forurens-ningsmengde på 0,12 vekt-% skal derfor på ingen måte over-skrides . In the aluminum alloys used as sacrificial anodes, composed according to the invention, the unwanted impurities of copper suitably amount to no more than 0.02% by weight and of iron and silicon combined to no more than 0.1% by weight. A contamination amount of 0.12% by weight must therefore not be exceeded in any way.
Fordelene ved offeranoden ifølge oppfinnelsen er å se deriThe advantages of the sacrificial anode according to the invention can be seen therein
at det oppnås et forbedret strømutbytte ved jevnt, arrfattig bortføring av anoden og videre frembringes en anodelegering that an improved current yield is achieved by uniform, scar-free removal of the anode and further an anode alloy is produced
uten økologisk farlige legeringsbestanddeler.without ecologically hazardous alloy components.
Oppfinnelsen skal forklares nærmere ved hjelp av noen eksempler. The invention will be explained in more detail with the help of some examples.
Det ble benyttet anoder av aluminiumlegeringer av følgende sammensetning: Aluminiumlegering 1 (teknikkens stand) Aluminiumlegering 2 (ifølge oppfinnelsen) Anodes of aluminum alloys of the following composition were used: Aluminum alloy 1 (state of the art) Aluminum alloy 2 (according to the invention)
Det ble anvendt en måleanordning som i det vesentlige til-svarer den av Robinson omtalte og fra Det Norske Veritas forbedrede. I følgende tabell er legeringenes arbeidspoten-sial angitt mot den mettede kalomel-referanseelektrode det nyttbare strømutbytte i ampéretimer/kg anodevekt. A measuring device was used which essentially corresponds to the one mentioned by Robinson and improved by Det Norske Veritas. In the following table, the working potential of the alloys is indicated against the saturated calomel reference electrode, the usable current yield in ampere-hours/kg anode weight.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3305612A DE3305612A1 (en) | 1983-02-18 | 1983-02-18 | ALVINUM ALLOY GALVANIC SACRED ANODE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO840467L true NO840467L (en) | 1984-08-20 |
Family
ID=6191171
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO840467A NO840467L (en) | 1983-02-18 | 1984-02-08 | GALVANIC OFFER ANODE ON ALUMINUM ALLOY BASE |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0119640B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3305612A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO840467L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4980195A (en) * | 1989-05-08 | 1990-12-25 | Mcdonnen-Douglas Corporation | Method for inhibiting inland corrosion of steel |
| DE19530004C2 (en) * | 1994-09-10 | 1998-07-02 | Mw Medizintechnik Gmbh | Medical surgical and / or treatment instrument |
| DE102022118794A1 (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2024-02-01 | Baumer Hhs Gmbh | Device for preparing a hot glue and system for applying a hot glue with such a device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1458508A1 (en) * | 1963-09-25 | 1968-12-19 | Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag | Use of AIZnMgSi alloys |
| GB1221659A (en) * | 1967-11-24 | 1971-02-03 | British Aluminium Co Ltd | Aluminium base alloys and anodes |
| US4238233A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1980-12-09 | Mitsubishi Aluminum Kabushiki Kaisha | Aluminum alloy for cladding excellent in sacrificial anode property and erosion-corrosion resistance |
-
1983
- 1983-02-18 DE DE3305612A patent/DE3305612A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-02-03 EP EP84200153A patent/EP0119640B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-02-03 DE DE8484200153T patent/DE3460906D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-02-08 NO NO840467A patent/NO840467L/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3305612A1 (en) | 1984-08-23 |
| DE3460906D1 (en) | 1986-11-13 |
| EP0119640B1 (en) | 1986-10-08 |
| EP0119640A1 (en) | 1984-09-26 |
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