NO831746L

NO831746L - SMOERESYSTEM.

Info

Publication number: NO831746L
Application number: NO831746A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Risto Wisakanto; Pekka Salmi; Timo Muuttonen
Original assignee: Tampella Oy Ab
Priority date: 1982-05-18
Filing date: 1983-05-16
Publication date: 1983-11-21
Also published as: FI66459C; FR2527129A1; SE8302775D0; IT8321142A1; CA1195684A; SE456919B; FI66459B; IT8321142A0; ATA168783A; SE8302775L; IT1163381B; JPH03191B2; AU1423783A; FI821747A0; ZA832901B; GB8311050D0; DE3317829A1; GB2122271A; AT381770B; FI821747A7

Description

Smorjsystem for en borrstångsnacke i en,slagborrmaskin Lubrication system for a drill rod snack in a percussive drilling machine

Føreliggande uppfinning avser ett smorjsystemThe present invention relates to a lubrication system

for en borrstångsnacke i en slagborrmaskin, vilken borrmaskin omfattar for a drill rod chuck in a percussive drilling machine, which drilling machine includes

- en stomme,- a mute,

- en i stommen roterbart lagrad rotationshylsa- a rotatable bearing rotation sleeve in the frame

med ett hus for nacken av en borrstång,with one housing for the neck of a drill rod,

- en i rotationshylsan befintlig kuggkrans, som står axiellt glidbart men roterbart i ingrepp med en på - a ring gear in the rotation sleeve, which is axially slidable but rotatable in engagement with a

nacken av borrstången befintlig kuggkrans,the neck of the drill rod existing ring gear,

- ett smorjsystem for smorjning av kuggkransarna,- a lubrication system for lubrication of the gear rings,

- rotationsdon for roterande av rotationshylsan omkring kuggkransens axel, samt - slagdon for riktande av axiella slag på nacken av borrstången. - rotation tool for rotating the rotation sleeve around the axle of the ring gear, as well as - impact tool for directing axial blows on the neck of the drill rod.

Till slagborrning hor såsom en vasentlig del rotation av borrstången samtidigt som successiva slag riktas på borrstången. Det roterande momentet overfors från rotationshylsan till nacken av borrstången, vilken nacke stråcker sig in i borrmaskinens framre ande, genom fpr-medling av en spårkoppling, vilken ger nacken en axiell rorelsemojlighet. Spårkopplingen består av en kuggkrans bildad av i rotationshylsans inneryta utforda langsspår och av en kuggkrans bildad av i nackens ytteryta utforda langsspår, vilka kuggkransar ligger i kuggkontakt med varandra. Percussion drilling involves, as a significant part, rotation of the drill rod at the same time as successive blows are directed at the drill rod. The rotating moment is transferred from the rotation sleeve to the neck of the drill rod, which neck extends into the front of the drilling machine, through fpr mediation of a slot coupling, which gives the neck an axial movement possibility. The spline coupling consists of a ring gear formed in the inner surface of the rotation sleeve along the longitudinal groove and of a ring gear formed in the outer surface of the neck along the longitudinal groove, which ring gears are in tooth contact with each other.

Smorjningen av spårkopplingen har anordnats medelst oljedimma (blandning av luft och olja), som infors i kopplingsutrymmet med ca. 1 - 5 bar<1>s lufttryck. Man har aven anvant smorjsystem, dar kopplingsutrymmet fylls med olja med lågt tryck, såsom visas i FI-patentskriften 58 816. Lubrication of the track coupling has been arranged with oil mist (a mixture of air and oil), which is introduced into the coupling space with approx. 1 - 5 bar<1>s air pressure. A lubrication system has also been used, where the coupling space is filled with oil at low pressure, as shown in FI patent document 58 816.

Vid oljesmorjning blir den oljemångd som foljer med luften emellertid for liten for åstadkommande av en till-råcklig smorjning. Vid oljedim- och oljebadssmorjning får man tillfoljd av det låga trycket och oljans placering, ej olja in mellan de dragande flankerna av kuggarna i kuggkransarna. 01jetrycket.oppnår ej kuggarnas mot varandra anliggande dragande flanker, emedan trycket ar lika stort overallt i spårkopplingen. Tillfoljd harav slits kuggarna snabbt. With oil lubrication, however, the amount of oil that follows with the air is too small to provide sufficient lubrication. In the case of oil mist and oil bath lubrication, the low pressure and the location of the oil, no oil in between the pulling flanks of the teeth in the gear rings, are used. 01the pressure does not reach the pulling flanks of the cogs against each other, because the pressure is the same everywhere in the spline coupling. In addition to this, the teeth wear out quickly.

Andamålet med føreliggande uppfinning ar att åstad-komma ett smorjsystem, vilket eliminerar de ovannamnda nackdelarna och mojliggor en effektiv smorjning av de dragande flankerna av kuggarna i kuggkransarna. Detta andamål uppnås med ett smorjsystem enligt uppfinningen, vilket system kanneteckne.s darav, att smorj systemet leder smorjmedlet under tryck in mellan flankerna av kuggarna i kuggkransarna, vilka flanker anligger parvis mot varandra, då rotationshylsan roterar nacken av borrstången. The aim of the present invention is to create a lubrication system, which eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages and enables effective lubrication of the trailing flanks of the teeth in the gear rings. This objective is achieved with a lubrication system according to the invention, which system can be characterized by the fact that the lubrication system directs the lubricant under pressure between the flanks of the teeth in the gear rings, which flanks abut each other in pairs, as the rotation sleeve rotates the neck of the drill rod.

Uppfinningen baseras på tanken att smorjmedel leds direkt till de kuggflanker, vilka overfor momentet och glider axialt i forhållande till varandra, med ett sådant tryck, att smorjmedlet kan tranga in mellan flankerna. The invention is based on the idea that the lubricant is directed directly to the tooth flanks, which face the moment and slide axially in relation to each other, with such a pressure that the lubricant can get stuck between the flanks.

Nar smdrjmedlets tryck på kuggarnas flanker åstadkommerWhen the pressure of the lubricant on the flanks of the teeth causes

en storre kraft an kuggkraften, oppnås flankerna, så att mellan flankerna kan bildas en smorjmedelsfilm. Det an-vånda smorjmedlet avlagsnas från s<p>årkopplingen medelst tryckluft eller det strommar ut med eget tryck. På detta satt kan man få smorjmedel in mellan flankerna av kuggarna aven nar flankerna overfor moment, dvs. nar stenborrning pågår. Harvid alstras mindre friktionsvarme, flankerna skar ej fast och slitaget minskas. a greater force than the tooth force, the flanks are achieved, so that a lubricant film can form between the flanks. The used lubricant is deposited from the spring coupling by means of compressed air or it flows out under its own pressure. In this way, you can get lubricant in between the flanks of the teeth when the flanks face torque, i.e. when rock drilling is in progress. Harvid generates less frictional heat, the flanks do not cut and wear is reduced.

Uppfinningen beskrivs narmare i det foljande under henvisning till narslutna ritningar, dar The invention is described in more detail in the following with reference to the enclosed drawings, dar

figur 1 visar schematiskt ett axialsnitt av en slagborrmaskin, som ar forsedd med ett smorjsystem enligt en utforingsform av uppfinningen och dar borrstångens rotation sker i samma riktning, figure 1 schematically shows an axial section of an impact drilling machine, which is equipped with a lubrication system according to an embodiment of the invention and where the drill rod rotates in the same direction,

figur 2 visar ett tvarsnitt langs linjen II-II i figur 1, figure 2 shows a cross-section along line II-II in figure 1,

figur 3 visar i storre skala ett axialsnitt av nacken av borrstången langs linjen III-III i figur 2, figure 3 shows on a larger scale an axial section of the neck of the drill rod along the line III-III in figure 2,

figur 4 visar ett axialsnitt av en slagborrmaskin, vilken år forsedd med ett smorjsystem enligt en andra utforingsform av uppfinningen, figure 4 shows an axial section of an impact drilling machine, which is equipped with a lubrication system according to a second embodiment of the invention,

figur 5 visar ett axialsnitt av en slagborrmaskin, vilken ar forsedd med ett smorjsystem enligt en tredje utforingsform av uppfinningen och dar borrstångens rotation sker turvis i olika riktningar, figure 5 shows an axial section of an impact drilling machine, which is equipped with a lubrication system according to a third embodiment of the invention and where the rotation of the drill rod takes place alternately in different directions,

figur 6 visar i storre skala ett tvarsnitt långs linjen VI-VI i figur 5, figure 6 shows on a larger scale a cross-section along the line VI-VI in figure 5,

figur 7 visar i storre skala en alternativ losning av en detalj och Figure 7 shows on a larger scale an alternative solution of a detail and

figur 8 visar en andra alternativ losning av samma detalj. figure 8 shows a second alternative solution of the same detail.

Den i ritningarnas figurer 1-3 visade slagborrmaskinen omfattar en stomme 1a, 1b, vari roterbart lagrats en rotationshylsa 2, vars yttre yta uppvisar en tandning som står i ingrepp med i stommen lagrade rotationsdon 4. Rotationshylsan omfattar en cylindrisk hållare 5, som mottar en stångformad nacke 7 av en borrstång 6a, 6b. Nacken kan rora sig axiellt i hållaren men hindras från The percussive drilling machine shown in figures 1-3 of the drawings comprises a frame 1a, 1b, in which a rotation sleeve 2 is rotatably mounted, the outer surface of which exhibits a toothing which is in engagement with a rotation device 4 stored in the frame. The rotation sleeve comprises a cylindrical holder 5, which receives a rod-shaped neck 7 of a drill rod 6a, 6b. The neck can move axially in the holder but is prevented from doing so

att vridas i forhållande till rotationshylsan genom inverkan av en mellan dessa belagen spårkoppling 8, vilken beskrivs nedan i detalj. to be turned in relation to the rotation sleeve through the influence of a groove coupling 8 between these surfaces, which is described below in detail.

Borrmaskinen omfattar ytterligare en i stommen axiellt glidande lagrad slagkolv 9, vilken år koaxiell med nacken 7, så att slagkolven kan rikta slag på nackånden. The drilling machine further comprises an axially sliding bearing ram 9 in the body, which is coaxial with the neck 7, so that the ram can direct blows to the neck spirit.

Spårkopplingen 8 omfattar en på rotationshylsans inneryta belagen kuggkrans 10 och en med densamma i ingrepp stående, på nackens ytteryta belågen kuggkrans 11. Då rotationsdonen roterar rotationshylsan i pilens A riktning, figur 2, anligger i rotationshylsans kuggkransen varje kugg 12 med sin flank 12a mot flanken 13a av varje kugg i nackens kuggkrans 13. The track coupling 8 comprises a ring gear 10 coated on the inner surface of the rotation sleeve and a ring gear 11 that engages with the same, on the outer surface of the neck. When the rotation device rotates the rotation sleeve in the direction of the arrow A, Figure 2, the ring gear of the rotation sleeve rests each tooth 12 with its flank 12a against the flank 13a of each tooth in the neck tooth ring 13.

Enligt uppfinningen har i rotationshylsan utforts vid varje kugg en borrning 14, som stråcker sig från rotationshylsans yttre yta•genom hylsan till nåmnda flank 12a. I maskinens stomme 1 har vid borrningarna 14 utforts ett omkring rotationshylsan forlopande periferispår, vilket bildar en forbindelsekanal 15 for alla urborrningar. Stommen uppvisar en borrning 16, vilken forbinder for-bindelsespåret med en i stommen fåst anslutning 17, som forbundits medelst en slang 18 med en pump 19, som suger olja från en behållare 20. I stommen har utforts en andra borrning 2.1 , vilken forbinder ett for nacken i stommen utfort hus 22 med en i stommen fåst anslutning 23, som medelst en slang 24 forbundits via ett oljefilter 25 med oljebehållaren 20. For att olja ej skall stromma direkt mellan stommen 1 och rotationshylsan 2, har i stommen monterats, på bågge sidor av forbindelsekanalen 15 tåt-, ningar 26 och 27. For att hindra oljan från att stromma till slagkolvens 9 rum och ut från maskinen mellan borrstången och stommen, har i rotationshylsan och stommen monterats tåtningar 28 och 29. According to the invention, the rotation sleeve has a bore 14 extending from each tooth, which extends from the outer surface of the rotation sleeve through the sleeve to the so-called flank 12a. In the body of the machine 1, there is a peripheral groove extending around the rotation sleeve at the bores 14, which forms a connecting channel 15 for all the bores. The body has a bore 16, which connects the connection groove with a connection 17 found in the body, which is connected by means of a hose 18 to a pump 19, which sucks oil from a container 20. In the body, a second bore 2.1 continues, which connects a for the neck in the frame, a housing 22 is constructed with a connection 23 found in the frame, which is connected by means of a hose 24 via an oil filter 25 to the oil container 20. In order that the oil does not flow directly between the frame 1 and the rotation sleeve 2, the frame has been mounted, on the bow sides of the connecting channel 15 seals, seals 26 and 27. To prevent the oil from flowing to the chamber of the impact piston 9 and out of the machine between the drill rod and the body, seals 28 and 29 have been installed in the rotation sleeve and the body.

Når borrning utfors med borrmaskinen, pumpar pumpen 19 genom slangen 18 olja in i borrningen 16 och vidare via forbindelsekanalen 15 in i de i rotationshylsan belågna borrningarna 14. Från dessa borrningar strommar oljan till ett i flanken 13a av varje kugge i kuggkransen 13 utfort långsriktat spår 30, figur 3. 01jan strommar från spåret in mellan flankerna 12a och 13a av kuggarna 12 och 13 når oljetrycket stiger hogre ån den flankerna sammantryckande kraften, som fororsakas av rotationsmomentet. 01jan strommar genom spelrummen mellan nackens kuggar och rotationshylsans kuggar till huset 22, varifrån den genom inverkan av oljetrycket strommar via borrningen 21 och slangen 24 till filtret 25 och tillbaka till oljebehållaren 20. When drilling is carried out with the drilling machine, the pump 19 pumps oil through the hose 18 into the bore 16 and further via the connection channel 15 into the bores 14 located in the rotation sleeve. From these bores, the oil flows to one in the flank 13a of each tooth in the gear ring 13 along a longitudinal groove 30, figure 3. 01jan flows from the groove in mellan flankerna 12a och 13a of the gears 12 and 13 when the oil pressure rises higher than the flankerna sammantrykande force, which is caused by the rotational torque. 01jan flows through the clearance between the teeth of the neck and the teeth of the rotation sleeve to the housing 22, from where it flows through the bore 21 and the hose 24 to the filter 25 and back to the oil container 20 under the influence of the oil pressure.

Smorjsystemet som anvånds i slagborrmaskinen enligt figur 4 skiljer sig från det ovannåmnda endast dårigenom, att oljan avlågsnas från maskinen medelst tryckluft. I stommen 1 år utford en borrning 31, vilken forbinder en i stommen fåst anslutning 32 med ett ringformat spår 33 utfort i slagkolvens 9 slagrum. Kontaktdonet har forbundits medelst en slang 34 med en icke visad tryckluftskålla. Mellan rotationshylsan och borrnacken finns i detta fall ingen tåtning. Slangen 24 horande till huset 22 år kopplad via en oljekylare 35 till filtret 25 coh vidare till en luft/oljeavskiljare 36. The lubrication system used in the percussive drilling machine according to Figure 4 differs from the above only in that the oil is removed from the machine by means of compressed air. In the frame 1, a bore 31 is drilled, which connects a connection 32 found in the frame with an annular groove 33 in the percussion chamber 9 of the impact piston. The contact device has been connected by means of a hose 34 to a non-shown compressed air bowl. In this case, there is no sealing between the rotation sleeve and the drill neck. The hose 24 connecting to the housing 22 is connected via an oil cooler 35 to the filter 25 and further to an air/oil separator 36.

Tryckluft, som inkommer genom borrningen. 31, trånger genom spelrummen mellan rotationshylsan och nacken till huset 22 medtagande overflodig olja. Compressed air, which enters through the drilling. 31, squeezes through the clearance between the rotation sleeve and the neck of the housing 22, carrying excess oil.

En oljebehållare kan forekomma mellan avskiljarenAn oil reservoir can occur between the separator

36 och pumpen 19 for lagring av en storre oljemångd.36 and the pump 19 for storing a large amount of oil.

Ifall man, t.ex. for avlågsnande av borrkross från borrhålet, anvånder tryckluft som inmatas i borrhålet långs en i borrstången belagen kanal, kan tryckluften som behovs for avlågsnande av olja, uttagas från ett till denna kanal anslutet matarkanalsystem for tryckluft medelst en dårtill ansluten borrning, varvid en separat in-matning 31-34 av tryckluft ej kråves for avlågsnande av oljan. If one, e.g. for the removal of drill cuttings from the borehole, compressed air is used which is fed into the borehole along a channel laid in the drill rod, the compressed air required for the removal of oil can be taken from a supply channel system for compressed air connected to this channel by means of a borehole connected to it, whereby a separate in- supply 31-34 of compressed air is not required for draining the oil.

Slagborrmaskinen som visas i figurerna 5 och 6 år av sådan typ, dår rotationshylsans rotationsriktning kon-tinuerligt åndras under borrningen. Hårvid kommer bågge flankerna 12a och 12b resp. 13a och 13b, figur 6, av varje kugg i de till spårkopplingen 8 horande kuggkransarna 10 och 11 att turvis fungera såsom momentoverforande flanker, vilka kråver smorjning. For åstadkommande av smorjningen har det for smorjning av flankerna 12a av kuggarna i rotationshylsan avsedda oljematningskanalsystemet 14-17 kom-pletterats med ett likadant separat oljematningskanalsystem 14'-17' for de andra flankerna 12b av rotationshylsans kuggar. The percussive drilling machine shown in figures 5 and 6 is of this type, as the direction of rotation of the rotary sleeve is continuously reversed during drilling. Hårvid comes on both flanks 12a and 12b resp. 13a and 13b, figure 6, of each tooth in the spline connection 8, the gear rings 10 and 11 to alternately function as torque-transmitting flanks, which require lubrication. To achieve the lubrication, the oil supply channel system 14-17 intended for lubrication of the flanks 12a of the teeth in the rotation sleeve has been completed with a similar separate oil supply channel system 14'-17' for the other flanks 12b of the rotation sleeve's teeth.

01jematningskanalsystemen befinner sig på ett av-stånd från varandra i nackens axialriktning och de år åt-skilda från varandra medelst en i stommen monterad tåtning 26. Anslutningen 17' har forenats med pumpen 19 via en i slangen 18 monterad trevågsventil 37, som får sin styrning The feed channel systems are located at a distance from each other in the axial direction of the neck and they are separated from each other by means of a seal 26 mounted in the frame. The connection 17' is connected to the pump 19 via a three-way valve 37 mounted in the hose 18, which is controlled

38 t.ex. från rotationsdonen 4 så, att då rotationsdonen roterar i olika riktningar A, B, sluter ventilen 37 turvis alltid forbindelsen från pumpen till den ena anslutningen och oppnår forbindelsen från pumpen till den anslutning, vars matningskanalsystem i vart fall leder till de momentoverforande flankerna 12a eller 12b- Hårvid har aven i den andra flanken 13b av nackens kuggar 13 utforts ett langsgående spår 30', figur 6. 38 e.g. from the rotation device 4 so that when the rotation device rotates in different directions A, B, the valve 37 in turn always closes the connection from the pump to the one connection and achieves the connection from the pump to the connection, whose supply channel system in any case leads to the torque-forward flanks 12a or 12b - Hårvid also has a longitudinal groove 30' in the second flank 13b of the neck's teeth 13, Figure 6.

Figurerna 7 och 8 visar två alternativa sått att bilda en forbindelsekanal 15. I figur 7 består forbindelsekanalen 15" enbart av ett i rotationshylsan 2 utfort ringspår. I figur 8 har i stommen 16 och rotationshylsan 2 utforts mitt emot varandra belågna ringspår, vilka tillsammans bildar en forbindelsekanal 15'". I båda fallen har tåtningar monterats i stommen 1b, emedan i stommen i allmånhet finns på grund av stommens tjocklek mera rum for tåtningar ån i hylsan. Alternativt kan tåtningarna sjålv-fallet åven monteras i hylsan. Figures 7 and 8 show two alternatives in order to form a connection channel 15. In figure 7, the connection channel 15" consists only of one annular groove extended in the rotation sleeve 2. In figure 8, the body 16 and the rotation sleeve 2 extend oppositely located ring grooves, which together form a connecting channel 15'". In both cases, seals have been mounted in the frame 1b, because in the frame in general there is more room for seals than in the sleeve due to the thickness of the frame. Alternatively, the seals themselves can also be mounted in the sleeve.

Ritningarna och den anslutna beskrivningen år endast avsedda att åskådliggora uppfinningens tanke. Till sina detaljer kan ett smorjsystem enligt uppfinningen variera inom ramen for patentkraven. The drawings and the attached description are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. A lubrication system according to the invention can vary in its details within the scope of the patent claims.

Claims

1. Lubrication system for a drill rod chuck in a percussive drilling machine, which drilling machine comprises - a blank (1a, 1b), - a rotation sleeve (2) with a housing (5) for the neck (7) of a drill rod (6a,6b) rotatable in the frame, - a ring gear (10) in the rotation sleeve, which is axially slidable but rotatable in engagement with a ring gear (11) located on the neck of the drill rod, - a lubrication system (14-17, 21-23) for lubrication of the ring gear (10,11), - rotation dongle (4) for rotating the rotation sleeve around the axle of the ring gear (10), as well as - hammer (9) for directing axial blows on the neck of the drill rod, kannetecknat therefrom, that the lubrication system (14-17, 21-23) conducts lubrication under pressure between the flanks (12a,13a or 12a,13a and 12b, 13b) of the teeth (12,13) in the gear rings (10,11), which flanks abut in pairs towards each other, as the rotation sleeve (2) rotates the neck (7) of the drill rod (6a,6b).

2. Lubrication system for a percussive drilling machine according to patent claim 1, when the rotation device (4) rotates the rotation sleeve (2) in one direction (A) only, characterized by the fact that it includes one to one lubricant bowl (20; 36) connectable feed channel system (14,17), which opens into each tooth (12) in the rotation sleeve's gear ring (10) at the flank (12a), which lies at the front in the direction of rotation of the rotation sleeve (A)■

3. Lubrication system for a percussive drilling machine according to patent claim 1, where the rotation device (4) rotates the rotation sleeve (2) optionally in two opposite directions [A, B), characterized by the fact that it includes two additional lubrication bowls (20; 36) alternatively connectable , separate feed channel system (14-17 and 141 — 17*), one of which (14-17) opens at the flanks (12a) of the teeth (12) in the gear ring (10) located on the same side (A) and the second (14'-17') opens at the flanks (12b) of the teeth (12) in the gear ring (10) located on the opposite side (B).

4. Lubrication system according to patent claim 2 or 3, characterized by the fact that the feed channel system (14-17 or 14'-17') includes a bore (14 or 14') in each tooth (12) in the rotation sleeve (2) tooth ring (10) ), which bore extends from the outside of the rotation sleeve to the tooth flank (12a or 12b), and a connecting channel (15 or 15'), which connects the externally located breaths of the bores with an inlet bore in the body (16 or 16 '), which is connected to the smorjmedelskållan (20;36).

5. Lubrication system according to patent claim 4, it is known that the connection channel (15 or 15') consists of one in the frame (1b) coated, against the rotation sleeve (2) that spans the ring groove.

6. Lubrication system according to patent claim 4, k a n n e - t e c k n a t from this, that the connection channel (15") consists of one in the rotation sleeve (2) coated, against the body (1b), criss-crossing ring grooves.

7. Lubrication system according to patent claim 4, it is known that the connection channel (15'") is formed by annular grooves in both the body (1b) and the rotation sleeve (2).

8. Lubrication system according to patent claims 3 and 4, k å n - netecknat therefore, that the inlet bores (16,16') of both feed channel systems (14-17, 14'-17') are connected to the lubricant bowl (20; 36) via one of the rotation devices (4) operate valve (37), which alternatively connects the feed channel systems with the lubricant bowl depending on the direction of rotation (A,B) of the rotation sleeve (2).

9. Lubrication system according to patent claim 4, it can be understood that the flank (13a or 13a and 13b) of each tooth (13) in the tooth ring on the neck (7) of the drill rod (6a, 6b) has one longitudinal groove (30 resp. 30'), which, when the flank rests against the flank (12a or 12b) of a tooth (12) in the gear ring (10) on the rotation sleeve (12), is connected to the bore (14 or 14') located in the rotation sleeve .