NO754322L - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to sliding doors for vehicles and particularly, but not exclusively, rail vehicles, where the doors, when opened, are first moved from the installation in the door frame

out from the vehicle and then slides along the outside of it.

There are known sliding doors of this type which, in order to enable the aforementioned double movement, of the door leaves with movement out of the frame and displacement in the plane of the door, have one or more telescopic sliding cylinders which are carried by articulated arms from the vehicle itself and which carry door leaves suspended so that they can slide laterally. These sliding systems are made as rolled sections of a suitable shape which can be extended telescopically by the insertion of roller devices, one of which is integral with the associated door leaf while another is pivotable in an appropriate manner by means of arms which are articulated with the carriage itself - the clothes.

Such hanging and sliding cisterns often lead to problems during use because the articulated arms are subjected to great stress due to vibrations and the relatively large weight they must carry, which compromises the door's stability.

A purpose of the present invention is therefore primarily to eliminate these disadvantages, while at the same time obtaining a suspension and a sliding device for sliding doors of this kind, where the stability of the door is improved and the suspension is more reliable.

With this aim in mind, the invention focuses on a sliding door where each of the door wings hangs on a part of a telescopic guide, the other part of which is rigidly connected to the moving parts of at least two linear sliding devices which are mounted on a rigid support structure, where the latter is attached to the vehicle adjacent to the upper edge of the door opening, as there are devices which, by choice in one direction or another, shall produce, either directly or indirectly, a limited displacement of the moving parts in the linear sliding device, and devices for controlling the movement of said part of the telescopic guide which is one with the door leaf, which movement is in relation to the part attached to the moving parts of the linear sliding device.

One thus sees to it that the telescopic control on which the door leaf hangs is no longer connected to the vehicle itself as is the case with the usual structures, but is carried by the moving parts of the linear sliding devices which are mounted on the rigid structure of the vehicle itself. This offers

the advantage that the stability of the door's suspension system is significantly improved.

The mentioned linear sliding devices lie in a horizontal plane and can be placed at an angle in relation to the plane in which the door opening is located, an angle which can lie between 45° and 90°. The choice of the orientation of the push device in the horizontal plane must, however, take into account that the best values for the power components of the drive cylinder in the direction of the push devices must be achieved both during opening and closing. By doing this, it is possible to give the door wings, when they are moved out from the door frame, either a combined movement perpendicular to the door opening and parallel to the door opening or only perpendicular to this. .With an angle that is less than 45°, you will get a displacement component that is parallel to the door opening, but this will be too large, which leads to problems when it comes to passing the vertical part of the door frame.

In order to achieve a satisfactory operation together with a correct sliding movement for the door, it has been shown to be advantageous to have a special guide and slide system for ...the moving parts in the sliding device and in the telescopic guide to prevent any misalignment and reduce the frictional forces.

According to one embodiment of the sliding devices and the telescopic steering, rolling elements are inserted between the parts that are to slide in relation to each other, e.g. ball bearings which are mounted on bolts in one with one or the other connected sliding part and guided by the respective outer rectilinear ball tracks located on the other part.

By doing this, because the individual roller elements are firmly connected to one or other of the related parts and have their axes of rotation determined by the distance between the axes of the support bolts, there will be no need for spacers, such as ball cages and the like, at the same time that one achieves a more stable and more reliable control of the parts which are slidable in relation to each other without the risk of wedging the rolling elements. Each of the rolling elements can advantageously be designed as two ball bearings placed side by side and stored on the same bolt.

In order to enable adjustment and correction of the door's position both in the horizontal and vertical plane in relation to the vehicle's bodywork, according to a preferred embodiment for supporting the linear sliding devices that carry the telescopic controls, the door is connected to the bodywork

■with a system comprising, on the one hand, a pivoting arm supported on a vertical axis which is one with the bodywork, which arm is guided with a reasonable clearance through the support structure and through a locking part which is screwed to its end, while on. on the other side, at a distance from the arm, there is a locking claw with a possibility of limited displacement in all directions, and an adjustable spreading part with curved resting surfaces between the support structure and the body.

With such a system, the entire structure that supports the door can not only be assembled and disassembled easily and quickly, but the position in relation to the vehicle's bodywork can be adjusted easily and precisely.

The devices which are designed to produce a limited displacement of the moving parts of the linear push devices can either be pneumatic or electromechanical,

and can act directly on the aforementioned moving parts.

According to a specific embodiment, however, one can also have indirectly acting devices, that is, devices that act on the door wing instead of the moving parts of the sliding devices. In this case, the devices may comprise a vertical shaft which is placed parallel to the side parts of the door opening and is attached to these by means of bearing devices, which shaft has wedged joint arms at the ends which have a roller at their free ends for interaction with associated guides

attached at the top and bottom of the door leaf. A suitable pneumatic or electromechanical control device produces limited rotations of the shaft about its own axis in order to act on the door leaf with the help of the articulated arms so that it moves together with the telescopic control in the door opening in the direction allowed by the linear sliding devices. •

With this design, the articulated arms give the door leaf good stability when the door is open. In addition, the device for rotation of the shaft-with articulated arms can be equipped with a locking mechanism that locks the door leaf in the closed position and prevents accidental movement of the door. Especially when it comes to double-leaf doors, it is appropriate to have a special locking device that is designed to lock the central free edge of the door leaves when they are closed

- to prevent the door wings from slamming when the vehicle is

in motion.

Such a locking device comprises .according to a certain

embodiment of the invention a center stop, comprising a single plate with two projecting wings which is fixedly placed under the sill and sits on the vehicle structure itself, while each door leaf has a hook which is adjustably mounted near the lower edge of the door leaf and is adapted to to cooperate with the associated leaf on the central stop when the door leaf is in its closed position.

Such a device offers the advantage that it is extremely simple, easy to mount and adjust and provides high reliability and safety in use. No special changes are necessary in the vehicle construction, and the simple design does not require maintenance either.

The device is preferably below the threshold, but

there is nothing in the way of placing it at the top of the door.

The device for controlling the extension and contraction of the telescopic control device and thus the sliding movement of the door leaf along the outside of the vehicle can be a pneumatic cylinder which is attached to the vehicle's bodywork, where the piston rod is connected to the door leaf by means of an articulated arm.

It has proved advantageous to be able to control the sliding movement of the door leaf so that the door leaf, if practically possible, moves at a high speed while the speed towards the end of the door's movement is significantly reduced. There may also be requirements for different movement speeds during opening and closing of the door leaf.

The invention fulfills these requirements with a device that • comprises a pneumatic cylinder with a piston and a piston rod that extends from one or the other of the cylinder's ends, which cylinder has an inlet and an outlet that are alternately connected to one source of compressed air and which device is characterized by the main openings are connected to auxiliary openings controlled by adjustable throttle parts, and that the piston rod which is connected to the piston has spring-loaded devices which are displaced in relation to the piston rod, and are arranged to effect an earlier closing of the main openings in both displacement directions. the piston in the cylinder before the piston takes its end position.

The main openings that open into the cylinder also have parts that regulate the ■passenger cross-section.

Compressed air is fed to the main ports and auxiliary ports connected to the cylinder to drive the piston in one direction or another. The piston and its piston rod are initially set in motion at a speed that is a function of the pressure of the compressed air in the cylinder and the cross-section of the ports through which air enters at the opposite side of the cylinder until the main port is closed by devices attached to the piston rod , and from this point the piston with the piston rod will continue in the same direction, but at a reduced speed determined by the throttled cross-section of the auxiliary ports that remain open.

The adjustment parts connected to the main openings enable the adjustment of the speed of movement of the piston over the section that is not braked, while the adjustment parts connected to the auxiliary openings enable the adjustment of the braking force towards the end of the working stroke. These adjustments can be made independently of each other and separately for the work stroke in one or the other direction and vice versa.

Known devices can of course be used for synchronizing the operation of the parts that provide for the movements to ensure that the door wings, when opened, first move out from the frame in the direction determined by the linear push devices and then slide along the outside of the vehicle . These . operations take place in reverse order when the doors are closed.

The invention is characterized by the features set out in the claims and will be explained in more detail in the following with reference to the drawings in which: Fig. 1 and 2, in perspective and seen from the inside of the vehicle, show a door leaf in the closed position and partially open position,

fig. 3 shows a section through the control mechanism for the sliding movement of the door wing,

fig. 4 shows a horizontal section taken along the line IV-IV in fig. 6, from which the suspension and sliding system according to the invention can be seen,

fig. 5 shows a vertical section taken along the line V-V

on fig. 4,

fig. 6' shows a sliding device in section taken along the line VI-VI in fig. 4,

fig. 7. shows, partially in section and seen from above, the control device for the displacement of the door leaf and the locking mechanism,

fig. 8 shows the device and mechanism in fig. 7 sets

from the side,

fig. 9, 10 and 11 show the same as fig. 1, 4 and 5, with a door wing having linear sliding devices and telescopic control device with ball bearings inserted between the parts which are slidable in relation to each other, and with adjustment means for setting the wing,

fig. 12 shows a vertical section taken along the line

XII-XII in Fig. 11,

fig. 13 shows the locking device for a two-leaf door seen

from inside the vehicle and with the doors in the closed position,

fig. 14 shows a horizontal section taken along the line XIV-XIV in fig. 13,

fig. 15 shows an axial section taken through the cylinder

and piston devices for controlling the sliding movement of the door leaf in a special design and

fig. 16 and 17 are cross-sections taken along the lines XVI-XVI

and XVII-XVII in fig. 1.5.

It should be pointed out that in the drawings and in the following description a door with a single wing is mostly assumed, but it should also be pointed out that the door can have wings, in which case suspension and control devices for the other wing are assumed to be identical with and symmetrical in relation to that which

is described and shown in the following.

In fig. 1 and 2, the reference number 10 denotes the sliding door leaf in a vehicle, railway carriage, etc., and the door leaf has recesses 11, 12 above and below on the inside. In these recesses there are upper guides 13 and lower guides 14 which are formed from L-shaped, rolled profiles whose ends lie close to the vertical side edges of the door wing facing the side parts of the door frame (indicated as dash-dotted lines at 15). The ends are bent towards the bottom of the associated recesses, as can be seen in more detail in fig. 7.

A vertical shaft 16 is arranged parallel to the side part 15 of the door frame and is attached to this with brackets 17,18,

19. The shaft has at its ends two articulated arms 20, 21 which are pivotable and which at their free ends have follower parts 22, 23 lined with

a non-metallic material and in engagement with associated positions 13, 14.

A bracket 24 which is in one piece with the central bearing part 18 for the shaft 16 has a pneumatic cylinder 25 whose piston rod 26 ends in a fork -27. To this is connected a joint 28 which is wedged firmly on the shaft 16 at the other end (see in particular fig. 7).

It appears here that the working stroke of the piston rod 26 in one or the other direction causes rotation of the shaft 16

and the joint arms 20, 21 which are firmly connected to this, and the rotation takes place over a predetermined angle. Such a rotation, which will be explained in more detail below, results in a corresponding displacement of the door leaf 10 in relation to the door frame so that the door leaf is moved out from or drawn in towards its seat in the frame.

In the. upper recess 11 on the door wing 10 and parallel

- with its upper edge, there is a sliding part 29 associated with it

a telescopic guide whose fixed part 30 has the form of a U-shaped rolled profile (see in particular fig. 5). In order to facilitate sliding between the two parts 29 and 30 in the telescopic guide, two rows of rollers 31 and 32 are inserted which are held at a suitable distance from each other by a cage 33.

The part 30 in the telescopic guide is carried by the moving parts of two linear sliding devices which are generally denoted by 34 and 35 in fig. 1, and 2, and they will be explained in more detail

with reference to fig. 4-6.

The fixed parts of the push devices are formed by cylindrical bushings 36 and .37 which are rigidly connected to each other

. by means of a support strut 38. The cross strut 38 is attached to a support structure by means of bolts 39, e.g. a U-shaped profile indicated by 40, which is fixed at its ends to the side walls of the vehicle's door opening, flush with the door opening's

top piece. (Fig. 1, 2 and 4 show how they are attached to the side parts of the door frame). The construction itself comprises the profile 40, the bushings 36 and 37 and the crossbar 38 and forms a rigid support system which is flush with the upper edge of the door frame.

The movable parts of the linear push devices 34 and 35 have rods 41 and 42 with a square outline (see fig. 6) which are slidably stored in the axial direction in the associated bushings 36

and 37 by means of two rows of rollers, as indicated by 43 and 44 in fig. 6.. These rows of rollers have raceways in a half ring 45

which is locked with Seeger rings 46", 47 to the associated bushing 37. A suitable cage 48 keeps the rollers 43 and .44 at the correct distance from each other.

At both ends, the rods 41 and 4 have 2 extended heads

49 and 50 while their other ends are rigidly locked in the respective seats 51 and 52 which protrude from the rear part of the part 30 of the telescopic steering, which seats are one with the said part.' Openings 53, 54 in the profile 40 are provided for the rods 41 and 42 for the respective seats 51, 52 as shown in fig. 4.

The axes of the two bushings 36, 37 and the associated rods 41 and 42 are parallel and in the example shown in the drawing form an angle a of approximately 60° with the plane in which the door opening is located. Moreover, the aforementioned axes lie in a horizontal plane -.

As mentioned above, however, this angle can be varied between 45° and even a right angle, - and in the latter case the door will be displaced perpendicularly to its seat in the door frame.

Reference should now be made to fig. 9-12 which show another embodiment of the front door wing according to the invention. As this embodiment largely corresponds to the one already described, in the following only the parts which differ from the previously described constructionally and/or functionally will be dealt with.

It should be noted that similar parts are indicated with the same reference numbers, while the parts which are analogous are designated with the same reference numbers, but with the addition of "a".

The door leaf 10 has, at the upper recess 11, the sliding part 29a in the telescopic guide whose fixed part 30a at the rear has seats 51/52 to which the ends of the rods 41a,'42a, which here have a circular cross-section, are locked.

The fixed part 30a for the telescopic steering has at top and bottom a set of bolts 33a, 33b which are rigidly connected to the parts, and at the free end of each bolt there is a double wear-resistant ball bearing as indicated at 31a and 31b. The outer rings

of the double ball bearings is slidably guided in rectilinear paths at the top and bottom and longitudinally by the part 29a of the telescopic guide.

With this, reliable and stable control is achieved for part 29a in relation to part 30a.

The distance between the center lines of the pairs of double ball bearings is reduced in relation to the end of the part 30a which gets to transfer all the force when the door leaf 10 is fully extended (opened) so that it becomes possible to keep the overlap of the two parts of the telescopic guide within relatively upper limits when the telescopic steering is in extended condition (see fig. 10).

The rods 41a and 42a are connected to the support parts 36a and 37a which, together with the rods, form the linear push device which is generally denoted by 34a, 35a, which support end parts are rigidly connected to each other - by means of a plate 38. The plate 38 is adjustable , as explained hereinafter, to a structure comprising a U-shaped strut shown at 40a, which stands with its ends attached to the side walls of the vehicle opening near the top of the opening.

The two linear push devices are identical and the following description therefore only refers to the one push device which is indicated at 34a and is shown in detail in fig. 10-12.

On the supporting part 36a, a plate 45a whose longitudinal surface has a recess is attached by means of bolts 46a

which fits and partially surrounds the rod 41a (see Fig. 12). The plate 45a has two pairs of pins 47a, and on each of these there is one

double ball bearing 43a, 43b.

The outer rings of the ball bearings are guides in rectilinear, elongated tracks 48a, 48b, which are arranged at the top and bottom and formed in the rod 41a. This results in reliable steering with a minimum of friction for the rod 41a in relation to the support part 36a.

The support parts 36a and 37a with the connected rods 41a and 42a are passed through slots 53a and 54a in the strut 40a, seen in fig. 10.

The following means are used for assembling the structure itself, which comprises the support plate 38, the linear sliding devices 34a, 35a, the telescopic guide 29a-30a and the door leaf on the fixed structure formed by the strut 40a.

A vertical bolt 81 is attached to the rod 40a with brackets 80, on which an arm 82 can swing, and it sticks through slots in the rod 40a and the support plate 38, and has a locking nut 83 screwed onto the end which is designed to lock the support plate 38 with its curved projection 38a against the support plate 40a (see fig. 10)-. The slits through the support plate 38 and the rod 40a through which the arm 82 protrudes have a size that is larger than the arm itself so that it can be set at different angles.

At a certain distance from the arm 82 there is a fork or claw 39a with a bolt 39b which with clearance protrudes through a spreading device 84, and the latter is screwed into a flange which is fixed on the carrier plate 38, while a mounting part 85

is attached to the rod 40a and a part 86 which can be displaced over a surface of the plant 85. The plant 85 has a convex surface against which the spreading part 84 rests. Between the head of the claw 39a and the displaceable part 86 and between the nut 39b and the spreader, spherical discs are inserted.

As clearly shown in fig. 10, this device for locking the door wing's support structure to the vehicle itself enables adjustment of the position of the wing in relation to the vehicle in any direction by loosening the nuts 39b and .83. Such adjustment can be carried out quickly and accurately after the door leaf has been fitted, so that the door leaf is precisely adapted to the door opening in the vehicle.

In order to set the door wing in motion (and thus also move the movable part 29 in the telescopic control in relation to the fixed part 30) a pneumatic cylinder is arranged which is denoted by 55 in fig. 1-3, and this is attached to the running gear. The piston rod 56 in the cylinder ends with an eye 57 into which a pin 58 is inserted which in turn ends in a fork 59 (fig. 3), where the articulated arm 60 which is attached at its free end to the door wing 10, In fig. 3, the door leaf 10 and the arm 60 are shown in solid lines when the door leaf is in the closed position and in dotted lines after the door leaf has been moved out from the door frame.

A preferred embodiment of the device for moving the door wing in the lateral direction will now be described with reference to fig. 15-17.

The device has the form of a cylinder 101 which is closed at one end by a cover 102, and has at the opposite end a sleeve 103 through which a rod 105 sticks in a sealing manner (gaskets 104) which is firmly connected to the piston 106. The piston has gaskets 107 and can slide along the inside of the cylinder 101.

The bottom 102 of the cylinder 101 has a fitting 108 which, by means of pipelines and valves, can be connected to a source of compressed air and an outlet. Through holes in the bottom 102

the fitting 108 is connected to a main opening 109 and an auxiliary opening 110, both of which open into the interior of the cylinder (see fig. 16). In the holes that connect the bracket 108 with the openings 109 and 110, adjustment screws 111, 112 are inserted which can be easily adjusted from the outside.

The rod 105 which is connected to the piston 106 is hollow, and in the interior of the rod there is axially displaceable and preloaded with a spring 113 a pin 114-which protrudes at the free end, where the pin is arranged to close the main opening 109 ( see Fig. 15). A shoulder 115 on the pin 114 is arranged to come into contact with the inner edge 116 of the rod 105 when this is displaced towards the left seen in fig. 15, so that with the rod 105 shifted as far as it can go to the left in the drawing, the pin 114 will be displaced and compress the spring 113. The edge 116 thus limits the movement of the pin 114 out of the rod 105.

A protruding edge 117 is attached to the rod 105

.which partially surrounds a spring 118. The spring 118 is anchored in the bottom

of the cup 117 and has at the other end a disc 119 which is displaceable along the rod 105..

The sleeve 10 3 forms together with one of its walls 120

which is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 101, of the cylinder,

other lid. Flush with the base there is a flange body 121 which has axially through bores 122 and is held in place by a spring 123. The spring acts on the base 120 against a Seeger ring 124. The flange 121 encloses the rod 105 in a sealing manner and has on that side facing the bottom 120 a gasket 125 which packs against the wall 120 when the flange is displaced against the bias of the spring 123 acted upon by the disc 119 as a result of movement of the piston 106 and the rod 105 to the left.

The sleeve 103 also has a device 126 which, by means of lines and valves not shown, can be connected either to a source of compressed air or an outlet of choice.

It should be noted that the valve device cooperates with the valve devices which are connected to the device 108 in such a way that when one device is connected to the compressed air source, the other is connected to the outlet and vice versa.

By means of holes in the sleeve 103, the devices are in connection with a main opening 127 and an auxiliary opening 128, both of which open into the interior of the cylinder flush with the flange body 121 (see also fig. 16).

Adjustment screws 129, 130 are inserted in the passages that connect fittings 126 with the openings 127 and 128. These screws can also be easily and independently adjusted from the outside.

It should be noted that in addition the Seeger ring is 124

an end stop for displacement of piston 106 and piston rod 105 to the left, the ring forming a stop for the protruding cup 117 which is firmly connected to the rod 105.

The operation of the device described here will

will be dealt with in more detail below.

To move piston 106 to the left (in Fig. 15)

and to drive the piston rod 105 out from the cylinder 101, the bracket 108 is connected to a compressed air source while the bracket 126

is connected to the outlet.

Compressed air through auxiliary port 110 (main port 109

is still closed by the end of the pin 114) enters the cylinder and begins to displace the piston 106 to the left. Piston-

the rod 105 naturally moves together with the piston. During the first part of the movement, the rod 105 is moved in relation to

the pin 114 (the spring 113 is extended) until the edge 116 comes, in contact with the shoulder 115. From this point onwards, the rod 115 and the pin 114 are moved together as a unit. The speed of movement is determined by setting the adjustment screw 11 which is arranged on the upstream side of the main opening 109 after the tip of the pin 114 has given free access to the air through the opening 109.

The air in the second cylinder chamber flows out freely

through the openings 127, 128 and the fitting 126 towards the outlet.

Together with the piston rod 105, the cup 117, the spring 118 and the disc 119 are also displaced to the left. As the disk comes into contact with the flange 121 and the spring 118 overcomes the bias from the spring 123, the flange 121 is moved towards the base 120 and seals against it with its seal. 125. By this, the flow of air through the main opening 127 is closed, while the auxiliary opening 128 remains open. By the passage being suitably throttled with the adjusting screw 130, the movement of the moving parts is appropriately slowed down towards the ends of the working stroke. The disc 119 with the spring 118 again enters the cup 117 and when this comes into contact with the ring 124, the working stroke is at an end.

In order for the piston rod 105 to be pulled into the cylinder 101 again, the connections to the fittings 108 and 126 are reversed so that the former becomes the outlet and the latter is connected to the draft air source. The moving parts then move to the right (seen in fig. 15) due to compressed air entering through the ports 127 and 128, and the air escaping from the second cylinder chamber through the opening 109, 110. The speed of the movement is largely determined by setting the adjustment screw 129.

When the piston rod 105 with the pin 114 shoots out under the influence of the spring 113, the first part that comes into contact with the bottom 102 of the cylinder 101 will be the tip of the pin

114 which thereby closes the main opening 109. From this point on, air can only flow out through the auxiliary opening 110 and the passage through this is regulated with the screw 112 so that the working stroke of the moving parts is slowed down in a suitable way until

the parts stop against the bottom 102.

From the foregoing it should be apparent how simple and appropriate the adjustment of the speed of movement and the braking force in both directions can take place with the adjustment devices which are all independent of each other and built into the cylinder-piston device.

It is clear that the various springs found in the machine can be calibrated in an appropriate manner to also contribute to the achievement of the expected purposes and results.

The control of the rotation of the shaft 16 by means of the pneumatic cylinder 25 has a locking device which is shown in fig. 7 and 8.

This device is designed as a single-acting pneumatic cylinder 65 which is mounted by means of a carrier part 66

on the cylinder 25. In the cylinder there is a displaceable piston 67 which is biased in one direction by a coil spring 68 and in the

the opposite direction can be affected by compressed air which is fed through a fitting 69. The piston 67 is in one piece with the locking part 70 which with one of its ends protrudes from the cylinder 65 and is arranged to cooperate with a stop disc 71 which is wedged on the piston rod 26 for the cylinder 25, for locking in position when it comes out of the cylinder. The opposite end of the locking part 70 also protrudes from the cylinder 65 and can be connected to a manual, emergency operation which is not shown.

From what is described here, the operation of the door will

according to the invention appear clearly.

You can start with the door leaf in the closed position (see fig. 1 and 7) where the shaft 16 is locked and its rotation is prevented by the lock 70 cooperating with the stop disc 71 so that the door leaf 10 is also mechanically locked with the links 20 and 21, and the it is then necessary, in the first step, that compressed air enters the cylinder 65 through the fitting 69 to cancel the locking of the rod 26.

The rod 26 is then driven in such a direction that it slides into the cylinder 25 again, whereby the rod 28 will turn the shaft 16

in the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 1 and then over a predetermined angle. As this rotation continues, the joint arms 20, 21 will, with the help of the associated follower devices 22, 23, exert a pushing force on the door leaf 10, so that the door leaf is moved out of the door frame in the direction permitted by the linear

push devices 34, 35. After this movement has been carried out, the heads 49, 50 of the rods 41, 42 in the push devices will come into contact with the outer edges of the associated half rings 45.

Fig. 7 shows with dotted lines the positions of the follower devices 23, with the door wing 10 and the control 14 following it

said movement, and the parts concerned are indicated by 23', 10' and 14'.

At this stage, the sliding movement of the door leaf can begin. The pneumatic cylinder 55 is supplied with compressed air so that the piston rod 56 is driven out, which leads to displacement of the door leaf by causing the part 29 in the telescopic guide to slide in relation to the part 30.

With the door leaf in the open position, the articulated arms 20, 21 give the door leaf good stability.

When closing the door, the sequence of operations is reversed, that is, displacement of the door leaf first takes place, and after it has returned to its place in front of the door frame, it is pulled in towards it.

Especially when it comes to double-leaf doors without a central post, it makes sense to arrange an upper locking device for the door leaves when they are in the closed position to prevent them from slamming when the vehicle is in motion. Such a locking device can be built in as shown in fig. 13 and 14.

It should be pointed out that on fig. 13, for the sake of clarity, the support structure in the vehicle is removed while it is indicated by an outline of dashed lines in fig. 14.

The two door wings 201, 202 each have a profile 203, 204. of plastic materials or similar at the edge facing the center of the door opening, where the door wings collide when they are closed so that the door opening is completely sealed. The horizontal dotted lines 205 shown in fig. 13, indicates the height of the threshold of the doorway.

The vehicle structure or carriage structure below the threshold has an opening 206 where a stop 207 is attached to a structural part 208. The stop is fixed with bolts 209 and has a counter-holding plate 210.

The stop 208 is a flat plate which at the ends has two wings pointing apart as can be clearly seen from fig. 14. Near the lower edge each door wing has 201, 202

on the inside a largely rectangular plane' impression 211,

212 for placing a plate 213 and 214.

Each of the plates 213, 214 has two continuous slots 215, 216 and 217, 218 through which fastening bolts 221, 222 are passed,

and the bolts are screwed into the parts 211, 212 on the door wings 201,

202. In this way, the position of the plates 213, 214 can be adjusted.

Each of the plates 213, 214 has at the lower part a hook 223 and 225, which points towards the middle vertical edge of each door wing.

As best shown in fig. 14, the two hooks 223, 224 hook together with the wings on the fixed central stop when the door leaves are in the closed position.

In order to achieve accurate setting and proper hooking with the hooks and wings on the stop, it is sufficient to adjust the positions of the support plates 213, 214, which can be done very easily.

The outline of the hooks 223, 224 as well as the slanting of the two wings on the central stop 207 are adapted in relation to each other in such a way that wedging and creeping are avoided when the door wings are being opened or closed, while on the other hand a reliable locking is achieved of the door wings against the slam ring when the doors are closed.

The locking device according to the invention combines the advantages of simple construction, easy assembly and simple maintenance with a high degree of efficiency and great reliability during

.operation.

The main technical advantage achieved with the present invention is improved stability of the door leaf suspension system due to the fact that displacement of the door leaves from and towards the door opening does not take place as in known systems by means of articulated arms, but instead by means of linear sliding devices which are mounted on a structure on the vehicle or carriage, with moving parts slidably controlled by rolling parts with rollers or ball bearings.

It is clear that within the scope of the invention many modifications and changes can be made without thereby going outside the scope of the invention. Thus, the linear sliding devices can have other inclined positions, and the control devices for movement towards and away from the door opening can act directly on the moving parts in the sliding devices.

Claims (17)

1. Single-leaf or double-leaf sliding door for vehicles, railway carriages and the like, each leaf hanging on part of a telescopically extendable guide, another part of the guide being connected to the vehicle or carriage to permit movement of the door leaf or leaves relative thereto , characterized in that the aforementioned second part of the telescopic control is firmly connected to the moving parts of at least two linear push devices mounted on a rigid carrier, on the vehicle or cart flush with the upper edge of the door opening, as there are devices which effect either directly or indirect, a limited displacement of the moving parts of the linear thrust devices in any direction, and devices for displacing the part of the telescopic control which is fixedly connected to the door wing in relation to. the part that is attached to the moving parts of the linear thrust devices. 2. Door as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the axes of the linear sliding devices are parallel, lie in a horizontal plane and form an angle of between 45 and 90° in relation to the plane in which the door opening lies. 3. Door as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the linear sliding devices comprise a fixed part in the form of a cylindrical bushing in the interior of which the movable part in the form of a rod is slidable in a straight line by means of rolling parts. 4. Door as stated in claim 3, characterized in that the rod at the end facing from the attachment in the telescopic guide has an extended head which is intended to come into contact with the fixed part of the sliding device. 5. Door as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the devices that control the movement of the door leaf in a direction parallel to the axes of the linear sliding devices are formed by a vertical shaft that stands parallel to the side edge of the door opening, and at its ends carry articulated arms with follower devices that engage with controls attached to the upper and lower part of the door wing, as there is a device for producing limited rotation of the shaft in one direction or another. 6. Door as stated in claim 5, characterized in that the aforementioned devices are formed by a pneumatic cylinder whose piston rod is connected to the shaft by means of a link. 7. Door as specified in claim 6, characterized by spring devices for locking the piston rod in the pneumatic cylinder in a position corresponding to the closed position of the door leaf. '8. Door as specified in claim 1, characterized in that between the parts which are slidable in relation to each other in the telescopic control and/or in the linear sliding devices, rolling parts in the form of ball bearings are inserted which are mounted on bolts in one of the parts which is connected, for sliding and guiding the ball bearing rings in rectilinear paths on the other part. 9. Door as specified in claim 8, characterized in that each bolt has a double ball bearing in the form of two ball bearings next to each other. . 10. Door as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the support structure for the linear sliding devices is connected to a structure in one with the door opening by means of an arm provided with a clamping part which can swing about a vertical pin in the said structure in the door opening, and in the case of a locking claw located, at a distance from the arm, which structures have passages with clearance in the transverse direction for both arms and the claw and curved resting surfaces corresponding to the passages, which resting surfaces for the locking claw are adjustable by means of a spreader part. 11. Door as specified in claim 10, characterized in that the locking claw is guided axially with a clearance through a spreader part which is screwed onto the support structure for the -linear sliding devices by means of an abutment part with a curved surface for the spreader and by means of a part that can be displaced along the other surface of the abutment part, which claw and locking nut are in contact with the aforementioned displaceable part and against the spreader by means of ball-shaped disks. 12. Door as stated in claim 1, in particular a two-leaf door, characterized by a device for locking the airfoil in the closed position arranged under the shaft and/©ll©r above the door opening, which device is formed by a stop plate with two outward-facing wings, and is fixedly connected to the vehicle itself or the carriage structure, while a hook which is adjustably mounted on each door wing near an upper and/or lower part is arranged to be hooked together with the top plate. 13. Door as specified in claim 12, characterized in that each hook is connected to a carrier plate with a slot for fastening bolts, which slots serve for adjustment. 14. Door as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the device for controlling the sliding of the part of the telescopic control which is connected to the door leaf, in relation to the part which is attached to the moving parts of the linear sliding devices, comprises a pneumatic cylinder with piston, the piston sliding in the cylinder and moving a piston rod which protrudes in a tight manner through an end piece of the cylinder, while main openings associated with the ends of the cylinder are arranged to alternately be connected to a source of compressed air and an outlet, and auxiliary openings connected the main openings are adjustable with adjustable throttle parts, which piston rod is equipped with spring devices which are displaceable in relation to the rod and are arranged to close the main openings in one or the other direction of movement of the piston in the cylinder, before the piston reaches the end of the working stroke. 15. Door as specified in claim 14, characterized in that the main openings are located centrally in the cylinder's end covers, and that the auxiliary openings are placed eccentrically with each pair of openings (main opening and auxiliary opening) connected to fittings or connecting parts. 16. Door as stated in claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the devices on the piston rod for closing the main openings on one side are formed by a stick which is slidable in the same cavity under the influence of a spring, and is arranged to stick through a limited length from the inner end of the rod to close with its tip the associated main opening and on the other side of a ring which is connected to a spring concentric with the piston rod, and is arranged to come into contact with a spring body arranged in flush with the cylinder bottom through which the piston rod can move back and forth, which spring body under the influence of pressure from the aforementioned ring is able to close the other main opening. 17. Door as specified in claim 14, characterized bearing in mind that the main openings for the cylinder can also be adjusted with associated adjustment parts.