NO753952L - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO753952L NO753952L NO753952A NO753952A NO753952L NO 753952 L NO753952 L NO 753952L NO 753952 A NO753952 A NO 753952A NO 753952 A NO753952 A NO 753952A NO 753952 L NO753952 L NO 753952L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- oscillator
- low
- pass filter
- regulation voltage
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03C—MODULATION
- H03C3/00—Angle modulation
- H03C3/02—Details
- H03C3/09—Modifications of modulator for regulating the mean frequency
- H03C3/0908—Modifications of modulator for regulating the mean frequency using a phase locked loop
- H03C3/0975—Modifications of modulator for regulating the mean frequency using a phase locked loop applying frequency modulation in the phase locked loop at components other than the divider, the voltage controlled oscillator or the reference clock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/16—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/18—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop using a frequency divider or counter in the loop
Description
Oppfinnelsen angår en-koplingsanordning for en digital fasediskriminator, hvor faseforskjellen for en fortrinnsvis delt frekvens fra en oscillator som skal reguleres, sammenlignes med en referansefrekvens. The invention relates to a single-switch device for a digital phase discriminator, where the phase difference for a preferably divided frequency from an oscillator to be regulated is compared with a reference frequency.
Det er kjent fasesammenligningsinnretninger med tilbake-stillbare flipp-floppkretser hvor den delte oscillatorfrekvens leverer innstillingspulsen qg referansefrekvensen leverer til-bakestillingspulsen. Derved utledes reguleringsspenningen etter et lavpassfilter som tilsvarer firekantspenningens puls-forhold. There are known phase comparison devices with resettable flip-flop circuits where the divided oscillator frequency supplies the setting pulse and the reference frequency supplies the reset pulse. Thereby, the regulation voltage is derived after a low-pass filter that corresponds to the pulse ratio of the square voltage.
Denne fasesammenligningsinnretning har den ulempe at bare en liten referanseundertrykkelse kan oppnås fordi den firkant-spenning som skal filtrere må den samlede reguleringsområdets amplitude eller ved tilsvarende lavere lavpassfilter ha et inn-snevret innfangningsområde. Lignende forhold opptrer ved sammenligning ved hjelp av eksklusive ELLER- portkretser. This phase comparison device has the disadvantage that only a small reference suppression can be achieved because the square-wave voltage to be filtered must be the overall amplitude of the regulation area or, in the case of a correspondingly lower low-pass filter, have a narrowed capture area. Similar conditions occur when comparing using exclusive OR gate circuits.
Videre er det kjent en samplingsfasediskriminator hvorFurthermore, a sampling phase discriminator is known where
den delte oscillatorfrekvens frembringer en sagtannspenning som samples av pulsene .ii ref eransefrekverisen:, slik at det opp-står en faseavhengig reguleringsspenning for oscillatoren. the divided oscillator frequency produces a sawtooth voltage which is sampled by the pulses .ii the reference frequency:, so that a phase-dependent regulation voltage arises for the oscillator.
Det er da nødvendig for å oppnå et stort innfangningsområde å frembringe en statisk forspenning, f.eks. fra en binær teller. Forspenningen må tilnærmet tilsvare den nødvendige reguleringsspenning, idet denne endres i ikke innfanget tilstand ved hjelp av en bedømmelseslogikk. It is then necessary to achieve a large capture area to produce a static bias, e.g. from a binary counter. The bias voltage must approximately correspond to the required regulation voltage, as this is changed in the non-captured state by means of an evaluation logic.
En ulempe ved denne koplingsanordning er det store antall enkeltfunksjoner som må utføres ekstra foruten den egentlige fasesammenligning. Dette resultere i liten pålitelighet ved stort behov for komponenter og øket plassbehov. A disadvantage of this switching device is the large number of individual functions that must be performed in addition to the actual phase comparison. This results in low reliability with a large need for components and increased space requirements.
Videre er det kjent en koplingsanordning for digital-frekvensinnstilling av en oscillator hvis frekvens skal reguleres, hvor en frekvensteller som teller oscillator-svingningene tjener til å utlede en øyeblikksverdi, som sammenlignes i en sammenligningsinnretning med en nominell verdi, og hvor det som sammenligningsresultat dannes en reguleringsspenning som tilsvarer øyeblikksverdiens avvikelse fra den nominelle verdi, hvilken reguleringsspenning bevirker endring av oscillatorfrekvensen. Ved denne koplingsanordning hefter den ulempe at det ikke oppnås noen fasestabilitet slik at styreområdet blir meget stort. Furthermore, a coupling device is known for digital frequency setting of an oscillator whose frequency is to be regulated, where a frequency counter that counts the oscillator oscillations serves to derive an instantaneous value, which is compared in a comparison device with a nominal value, and where a comparison result is formed regulation voltage which corresponds to the deviation of the instantaneous value from the nominal value, which regulation voltage causes a change in the oscillator frequency. With this coupling device, the disadvantage is that no phase stability is achieved, so that the control area becomes very large.
Hensikten med oppfinnelsen er å tilveiebringe en koplingsanordning av cen innledningsvis nevnte art som ved lite behov for komponenter og plass gir en stor pålitelighet ved stort innfangningsområde og stor referanseundertrykkelse. The purpose of the invention is to provide a coupling device of the type mentioned at the outset which, with little need for components and space, provides great reliability with a large capture area and great reference suppression.
Til grunn for oppfinnelsen ligger den oppgave å syn-kronisere en innenfor et gitt område variabel oscillatorfrekvens over lengre tid fasetro med en kvartsnøyaktig referansefrekvens, samtidig med muligheten av en frekvensmodulasjon av den faseregulerte oscillator. The invention is based on the task of synchronizing a variable oscillator frequency within a given range over a longer period of time in phase with a quarter-precise reference frequency, simultaneously with the possibility of a frequency modulation of the phase-regulated oscillator.
Dette oppnås ifølge oppfinnelsen ved at den ene taktinngang i en binær teller som teller forover og bakover, til-føres oscillatorens frekvens som skal reguleres~ 3 at den andre taktinngang tilføres referansefrekvensen, og at tellerens utgang er forbundet med inngangen i en digital- analogomfdrmer hvis utgang'leverer en til binærtellerens telleverdi svarende reguleringsspenning til oscillatorens inngang. This is achieved according to the invention in that one clock input in a binary counter that counts forwards and backwards is supplied with the oscillator's frequency to be regulated~ 3 that the other clock input is supplied with the reference frequency, and that the counter's output is connected to the input of a digital-to-analog converter if output'delivers a control voltage corresponding to the binary counter's count value to the oscillator's input.
Fortrinnsvis overlagres oscillatorens reguleringsspenning, fortrinnsvis via et lavpassfilter, en ekstra faseavhengig reguleringsspenning som utledes fra binærtellerens første utgang. Preferably, the oscillator's regulation voltage is superimposed, preferably via a low-pass filter, on an additional phase-dependent regulation voltage which is derived from the binary counter's first output.
Mellom digital- analogomformeren og oscillatoren er det fortrinnsvis anordnet et lavpassfilter som består av ett eller flere RC- ledd med tilnærmet lik nedre grensefrekvens. A low-pass filter is preferably arranged between the digital-to-analogue converter and the oscillator, which consists of one or more RC elements with an approximately equal lower cut-off frequency.
Med fordel kan det med fotpunktet i det siste RC-leddIt can be advantageous with the footing point in the last RC link
i lavpassfilteret være koplet en frekvensmodulasjonspenning. a frequency modulation voltage must be connected in the low-pass filter.
Fordelen ved den nye fasesammenligning ifølge oppfinnelsen sammenlignet med kjente koplingsanordninger består i at man med et betydelig mindre antall komponenter oppnår en vesentlig sikrere innfangning ved større referanseundertrykning. The advantage of the new phase comparison according to the invention compared to known coupling devices consists in the fact that with a significantly smaller number of components a significantly more secure capture is achieved with greater reference suppression.
Et utførelseseksempel på oppfinnelsen skal nedenfor forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningen som viser et blokkskjema for en koplingsanordning ifølge oppfinnelsen. An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing which shows a block diagram for a coupling device according to the invention.
Frekvensen for en oscilldor 1 som skal reguleres, blir via en frekvensdeler 2 tilført en taktinngang. i en binær teller 3 som teller forover og bakover. En ytterligere inngang i telleren 3 tilføres en referansefrekvens 4. Utgangen fra telleren 3 er forbundet med inngangen i en digital- analogomformer 5- Utgangen fra digital- analogomformeren 5 er via et lavpassfilter 6..som består av flere RC- ledd ved tilnærmet samme lave grensefrekvens, er forbundet med reguleringsspenningsinngangen i oscillatoren 1. The frequency for an oscillator 1 to be regulated is fed via a frequency divider 2 to a clock input. in a binary counter 3 that counts forward and backward. A further input in the counter 3 is supplied with a reference frequency 4. The output from the counter 3 is connected to the input in a digital-to-analog converter 5- The output from the digital-to-analog converter 5 is via a low-pass filter 6..which consists of several RC elements at approximately the same low limit frequency, is connected to the regulation voltage input in oscillator 1.
I fotpunktet for det siste RC-ledd er koplet en frekvens-modulasjonsspenhing. For å oppnå en minste fasedifferans er At the base of the last RC link, a frequency modulation voltage is connected. To achieve a minimum phase difference is
■ reguleringsspenningsinngangen., i-oscillatoren 1 via et ytterligere lavpass overlagret en ekstra faseavhengig reguleringsspenning. ■ the regulation voltage input., the i-oscillator 1 via a further low-pass superimposed an additional phase-dependent regulation voltage.
Virkemåten er følgende: De differensierte pulser fraThe way it works is as follows: The differentiated pulses from
den delte oscillatorfrekvens og pulsene i referansefrekvensen-tilføres taktinngangen i den binære teller 3 som teller forover og bakover. Fra utgangen i den binære teller 3 styres en digital- analogomformer 5 som leverer telleverdien svarende til reguleringsspenningen UR. the divided oscillator frequency and the pulses in the reference frequency are supplied to the clock input of the binary counter 3 which counts forward and backward. From the output in the binary counter 3, a digital-to-analogue converter 5 is controlled which delivers the count value corresponding to the regulation voltage UR.
I innfanget, fasefast tilstand bevirker avvekslende re-feransepulsene at telleren 3 teller ett trinn frem og den delte oscillatorpuls et-t_:.trinh;/tilbak'e. j -Består dén:..binærélteller 3 av k bitt så kan reguleringsspenningen 2<k>;ha forskjellige statiske tilstander:,- idet hvert spenningssprang tilsvarer hele . regulermgsspenningsomfanget delt med 2.. c Denne spenning er reguleringsspenningen UR overlagret som referanseforstyrrelse og kan i det etterfølgende lavpassfilter 6 til oscillatoren 1 undertrykkes videre. Da den ekstra delingsfaktor 2k for telleren 3 virker på innfangningsforholdet, kan lavpassfilteret 5 gjøres tilsvarende lavfrekvent. I fremdeles forhåndværende allerede med faktoren 2 kdempede referanseforstyrrelser er imidlertid ikke frekvensdel, slik at et enkelt RC-lavpassfilter frembringe en referanseundertrykkelse som er en faktor 2k større. In the captured, phase-fixed state, alternating the reference pulses causes the counter 3 to count one step forward and the divided oscillator pulse one step backward. j -If the:..binary counter 3 consists of k bits, the regulation voltage 2<k>; can have different static states:,- as each voltage jump corresponds to the whole . the regulation voltage range divided by 2.. c This voltage is the regulation voltage UR superimposed as a reference disturbance and can be further suppressed in the subsequent low-pass filter 6 of the oscillator 1. Since the additional division factor 2k for the counter 3 affects the capture ratio, the low-pass filter 5 can be made correspondingly low-frequency. However, in the still existing reference disturbances already damped by a factor of 2k, there is no frequency part, so that a simple RC low-pass filter produces a reference suppression that is a factor of 2k greater.
Kaskadekopling av to eller flere RC-ledd er vesentlig mere ukritisk enn ved vanlige fasesammenligningsinnretninger,' fordi for fasereguleringsforsterkeren er bare spenningen i ett trinn virksom, slik at svingningstilbøyligheter i regulerings kretsen blir små. Ved en eks.tra bedømning av faseforskjellen mellom inngangspulsene i den binære teller 3 fra utgangen av de første bitt sikres, at reguleringskretsen bare kan synkro-niseres ved en minste faseforskjell A for inngangspulsene til telleren, hvorved den faseregulerte oscillator 1 kan frekvens-moduéres til lave:, frekvenser. Cascade connection of two or more RC links is significantly more uncritical than with normal phase comparison devices, because for the phase control amplifier only the voltage in one stage is effective, so that oscillation tendencies in the control circuit are small. By an extra assessment of the phase difference between the input pulses in the binary counter 3 from the output of the first bits, it is ensured that the control circuit can only be synchronized with a minimum phase difference A for the input pulses to the counter, whereby the phase-regulated oscillator 1 can be frequency-modulated to low:, frequencies.
i ikke innfanget tilstand blir reguleringsspenningen endret ved at den høyere frekvens innstiller den binære teller 3 in the non-captured state, the regulation voltage is changed by the higher frequency setting the binary counter 3
oftere forover resp. bakover enn den lavere frekvens, slik at oscillatorfrekvensen etterreguleres slik ved hjelp av digital-analogomformeren 5 at den delte oscillatorfrekvens stemmer overens med ref eransefrekvensen...4, slik at reguleringsspenningsendringen avtar med frekvensforskjellen hvilket har til følge en sikrere faseinnfangning. more often forward or backward than the lower frequency, so that the oscillator frequency is post-regulated with the help of the digital-to-analog converter 5 so that the shared oscillator frequency matches the reference frequency...4, so that the regulation voltage change decreases with the frequency difference, which results in a more secure phase capture.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DD183190A DD117574A1 (en) | 1974-12-19 | 1974-12-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO753952L true NO753952L (en) | 1976-06-22 |
Family
ID=5498552
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO753952A NO753952L (en) | 1974-12-19 | 1975-11-24 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS51105260A (en) |
DD (1) | DD117574A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2543171A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI752998A (en) |
NO (1) | NO753952L (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5637735A (en) * | 1979-09-04 | 1981-04-11 | Nec Corp | Frequency synchronous circuit |
JPS5847331A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-19 | テクトロニクス・インコ−ポレイテツド | Signal generator |
DE3214140A1 (en) * | 1982-04-15 | 1983-10-20 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Radio frequency transmitter |
SE435438B (en) * | 1982-12-09 | 1984-09-24 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | PROCEDURE FOR SETTING THE RADIO TRANSMITTER AT THE SAME TIME TRANSMISSION |
DE3345142C1 (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1985-02-14 | Telefunken Fernseh Und Rundfunk Gmbh, 3000 Hannover | Circuit for time compression or time expansion of a video signal |
DE4303356A1 (en) * | 1993-02-05 | 1994-08-11 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Digital phase locked loop |
DE102020134656A1 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2022-06-23 | Olaf BÖTTCHER | Method and arrangement for influencing a pendulum of a mechanical pendulum clock |
-
1974
- 1974-12-19 DD DD183190A patent/DD117574A1/xx unknown
-
1975
- 1975-09-27 DE DE19752543171 patent/DE2543171A1/en active Pending
- 1975-10-28 FI FI752998A patent/FI752998A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-11-24 NO NO753952A patent/NO753952L/no unknown
- 1975-12-17 JP JP50149652A patent/JPS51105260A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2543171A1 (en) | 1976-07-01 |
FI752998A (en) | 1976-06-20 |
JPS51105260A (en) | 1976-09-17 |
DD117574A1 (en) | 1976-01-12 |
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