NO179441B - Varmekrympbart omhyllingsemne samt fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av omhyllingsemnet - Google Patents
Varmekrympbart omhyllingsemne samt fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av omhyllingsemnet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO179441B NO179441B NO903499A NO903499A NO179441B NO 179441 B NO179441 B NO 179441B NO 903499 A NO903499 A NO 903499A NO 903499 A NO903499 A NO 903499A NO 179441 B NO179441 B NO 179441B
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- Prior art keywords
- heat
- strip
- plate
- kpa
- dimensionally
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Classifications
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- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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- B29C66/4722—Fixing strips to surfaces other than edge faces
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
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- B29C66/73711—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
- B29C66/73711—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
- B29C66/73712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented mono-axially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
- B29C66/73715—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable heat-shrinkable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
- B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
- B29C66/81417—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled being V-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
- B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
- B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
- B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/91213—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws and measuring the electrical resistance of a resistive element belonging to said welding jaws, said element being, e.g. a thermistor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C53/36—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
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- B29C61/06—Making preforms having internal stresses, e.g. plastic memory
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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- B29C65/485—Multi-component adhesives, i.e. chemically curing as a result of the mixing of said multi-components
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- B29C66/001—Joining in special atmospheres
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
- B29C66/939—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed characterised by specific speed values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0049—Heat shrinkable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Cable Accessories (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører varmekrympbart omhyllingsemne samt fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av omhyllingsemnet, slik det fremgår av ingressen til de etterfølgende, selv-stendige krav.
Slike varmekrympbare omhyllingsemner er anvendelige som beskyttende tildekninger og kan for eksempel benyttes til forsegling og beskyttelse av rørs sveiseskjøter, telefonkabler, elektriske spleisinger, rørledninger og lignende, mot skadelige omgivelsesforhold slik som korrosjon og fuktighet.
Det er kjent å benytte for dette formål varmekrympbare rørformede hylser tildannet ved ekstrudering. Imidlertid er det vanskelig å ekstrudere hylser av enhver diameter, men spesielt de som er større enn omkring 30 cm. Prosedyren for å tilføre et varmekrympingsminne til og for å strekke hylsene, er også komplekst og vanskelig.
En annen generell type varmekrympbar tildekning, er repre-sentert ved den såkalte "omhyllings-hylse", hvor et eksempel på denne er vist i US-PS 4.200.676 til D. A. Caponigro. Mens omhyllingshylser er mer allsidige enn rørformede hylser ved at de umiddelbart kan påføres gjenstander, innbefattende rør med stor diameter, som ikke har en tilgjengelig synlig ende, er lukkesystemene med hvilke tilstøtende ender av hylsen blir knyttet sammen, en iboende kilde for svakheter. Mekaniske lukkesystemer er spesielt sårbare for skade, mens kon-vensjonelt bundne overlapninger kan tillate slipp under påføring og påfølgende krymping på grunn av periferispenn-inger som gjenstår i de krympede hylser og gjør dermed hylsene mindre effektive enn de som har et kontinuerlig dekke.
Disse problemer har blitt overvunnet i stor utstrekning med metoden beskrevet i US-PS 4.472.468 i navn Tailor et al datert 18. september 1984, hvor et f astholdelseadhesiv benyttes for å binde sammen overlappende endepartier av en varmekrympbar folie eller plate før utvendig varmepåføring ved hjelp av en fakkel for å sveise platene sammen. Påføringen av en fastholdelseadhesiv på platematerialet er imidlertid ikke alltid hensiktsmessig eller ønskelig.
I samsvar med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er det tilveiebragt et varmekrympbert omhyllingsemne av den innledningsvis nevnte art som kjennetegnes ved at lukkestrimmelen er en hovedsakelig dimensjonsmessig varmestabil lukkestrimmel med en kant plassert på et av endepartiene av platen og sveist til denne gjennom en jevn, fortrinnsvis homogen eller ensartet sveisbinding, hvilken strimmel er av tilstrekkelig bredde til at når endepartiene av platen bringes sammen og endepartiet av lukkestrimmelen er overlappet på det motsatte endeparti, kan den frie endekant av lukkestrimmelen påføres det underlappende endeparti og bli sveist til dette ved direkte varmepåføring mot dette.
Med tidligere forsøk som oppfinneren er klar over, hvor to dimensjonelt varmeustabile kanter eller stykker sveises sammen, har problemer oppstått i å utføre en tilfredsstillende sveis.
Et av problemene er det med tilbakeflekking som skjer når to overlappende varmekrympbare plater varmes opp. Når varme påføres, tenderer den ytre overflate av overlappen å gå tilbake eller krympe før den innvendige overflate og således er det forskjellig sammentrekning over platenes tykkelse mellom overlappen og underlappen. Disse problemer er mye imøtegått med konstruksjonen ifølge oppfinnelsen, hvor kun en av kantene sveist sammen er varmekrympbar eller på annen måte dimensjonelt ustabilt materiale. Som et resultat er det mulig å oppnå sveiste bindinger som er jevne og fortrinnsvis homogene. Med "jevn" menes at sveisen er av hovedsakelig jevn flekke-styrke langs hele sin lengde. Med "homogen" menes at området eller sveiselinjen mellom den varmestabile strimmel og varmeustabile plate ikke representerer en svekkelseslinje, slik at når den utsettes for flekke-styrketesting, svikter ikke den sveiste skjøt langs en grenseflate som tilsvarer grensene for den opprinnelige strimmel og plate.
I samsvar med oppfinnelsen er det også tilveiebragt en fremgangsmåte av den innledningsvis nevnte art som kjennetegnes ved at endepartiene trekkes over motsatte sider av et oppvarmet element, styring av varmen i elementet slik at et tynt hudparti på den siden av hvert endeparti inntil det oppvarmede element smeltes, de smeltede partier av endepartiene bringes til kontakt og trykk påføres for å få disse til å smelte sammen.
I den foretrukne form, og med betraktelig større fordel, fremstilles den beskyttende omhyllingshylse ved å trekke den varmestabile strimmel og varmeustabile plate over motsatte sider av et oppvarmet element, der oppvarmingen av denne styres, for å smelte overflatepartier av strimlen og platen, og deretter bringe de smeltede overflatepartier til kontakt. Ved nøye å styre oppvarmingen av det oppvarmede element, er det mulig å smelte kun et tynt hudparti av strimmelen eller platen i kontakt med det oppvarmede element. Overraskende er det funnet at denne sveisemetode gir en tilfredsstillende jevn eller ensartet og fortrinnsvis homogen sveis som oppnås mellom materialene, hvor ett eller begge av disse er dimensjonelt varmeutstabile, uten problemer såsom tilbakeflekking eller snurping av de sveisede partier. Det antas at ved oppvarming og smelting kun av et tynt hudparti av materialene som gjennomgår sveising, vil denne sveisemetode ikke varme materialene gjennom hele deres tykkelse tilstrekkelig til å forårsake at deres styrke blir svekket. Sveisen blir heller ikke vesentlig påvirket av kreftene ved forskjellig utvidelse eller sammentrekning mellom de to platematerialer som, i konvensjonelle sveisemetoder av dimensjonelt varmeustabile materialer, medfører problemer av tilbakeflekking eller snurping av sveisen som bemerket ovenfor.
I en foretrukken form, utføres sveisemetoden ved bruk av oppvarmede kilesveisingsapparater, der det oppvarmede element er i form av en kile, hvilket apparat er i seg selv kjent og ble benyttet før den foreliggende oppfinnelse forelå for sammensveising av stofforsterkede polymerfilmer eller plater, eller andre dimensjonelt varmestabile filmer eller plater, for eksempel til fremstilling av regntøy.
Et slikt sveiseapparat og dets anvendelse er beskrevet i et antall tidligere patenter:
samt publisert britisk patentsøknad 2.082.500A datert 10. mars 1982 i navnet Gundle Holdings, og henvisning kan gis til disse for ytterligere detaljer.
I den mest foretrukne form, er den oppvarmede kile utstyrt med termistorstyrt oppvarming. Dette gir svært nøyaktig styring over og nøyaktig vedlikehold av temperaturen i kilen, som således gir nær styring av tykkelsen på den smeltede hud på overflaten av materialene som gjennomgår sveising.
I enkelte fordelaktige anvendelser av den ovenfor nevnte sveisemetode, kan for eksempel kantene som sammensveises være de motstøtende langsgående motsatte ender av et stykke av dimensjonelt varmeustabilt materiale som har sine ender bragt sammen for å danne en rørformet hylse og kantene av en varmesammensmeltbar, men dimensjonelt varmestabil lukket tape som overlapper utsiden av en eller begge nevnte ender.
I en annen fordelaktig anvendelse, kan de to kanter være for eksempel to overlappende ender av et enkelt stykke av det dimensjonelt varmeustabile materialet som igjen danner en rørformet hylse. Alternativt kan kantene for eksempel være de på et panel av varmesammensmeltbart, men dimensjonelt varmestabilt panel påført over overlappingsområdet av de overlappende ender av et stykke av dimensjonelt varmeustabilt platemateriale, og forløper i en kort avstand over den synlige utside av det overlappende endeparti. I et slikt tilfelle sveises vanligvis hele det dimensjonelt varmestabile panel til den synlige utside av det overlappende og underlappende parti. Med disse prosedyrer oppnås varmekrympbare rørformede hylser.
I den foretrukne form imidlertid, for fremstilling av de varmekrympbare, omhyllende, beskyttende hylser beskrevet ovenfor, er kantene som skal sveises kanten av en varmesammensmeltbar og dimensjonsmessig varmestabil strimmel overlappet på en endekant av en langsgående krympbar varmeustabil plate. Som angitt ovenfor, forløper den frie ende av strimmelen en tilstrekkelig avstand til at når de to ender av platen bringes sammen og enden som har panelet overlappet på motsatte ende, kan den frie ende av strimmelen påføres utsiden av den underlappede ende. Dette produkt er anvendelig som en omhyllingshylse. Ute i felten, ved påføring av hylsen rundt et rør eller lignende, sveises den frie ende av den dimensjonsmessige varmestabile strimmel på utsiden av den underlappende ende ved direkte varmepåføring mot denne, for eksempel med en propanflamme eller annen fakkelflamme, før den krympes ned på røret eller annen gjenstand ved varmepåføring på normal måte.
Det dimensjonsmessige varmeustabile platematerialet kan vanligvis ha et krympeforhold fra 1:1,05 til omkring 1:3,0, det vil si en krymping på omkring 5% til 67$ basert på lengden av den ukrympede plate.
Platematerialet og strimmelen er fordelaktig organiske polymere materialer, det samme eller forskjellig. For eksempel kan materialet være en polyolefin, en blanding av polyolefiner eller en blanding av en polyolefin med en olefin kopolymer, eller med en elastomer, eller med en blanding av disse. Andre polymere materialer som kan være anvendelige, er elastomerer, slik som butadien-styren kopolymerer, polybu-tadien, silikongummi, polybuten; plastisert polyvinylklorid, termoplastpolyestere og polyuretan, etylen propylengummi (EPDM) eller blandinger av valgte elastomerer med polyolefiner, vanligvis referert til som termoplastelastomerer. De mest foretrukne polymermaterialer er polyolefiner, for eksempel polyetylener, polypropylener, ulike kopolymerer av etylen og propylen, for eksempel etylen-etylakrylat eller etylen-vinylacetat kopolymerer, hvori repeterte enheter avledet fra etylen komonomer predominat (for eksempel omkring 80$ til 97$) og blandinger av slike kopolymerer med polyetylen.
De dimensjonsmessig varmeustabile platematerialer og lukkestrimler er fordelaktig tverrbundet eller fornettet polymert materiale. For eksempel i tilfelle av et polyolefin dimensjonelt varmeustabilt platemateriale, er materialet fordelaktig tverrbundet til en grad av 25$ til 85$, mer fordelaktig i området 45$ til 70$. I denne forbindelse er graden av tverrbinding for et gitt plastmateriale definerbart ved henvisning til løsemiddel-ekstraksjonstester utført under standariserte betingelser på prøver av plastene. Ved null tverrbinding vil et løsemiddel for plastene fullstendig oppløse plastmaterialet, mens et materiale som ikke lider av noe vekttap under slike tester anses som 100$ tverrbundet. Mellomliggende tverrbindingsgrader er indikert ved pro-porsjonalitet mellom prosentandel-vekttap. Tverrbindingen kan også defineres i termer av strekkspenning ved 300$ tøyning og dens sluttøyning før brudd, begge målt ved forhøyet temperatur. Fordelaktig er spenningen ved 300$ tøyning ved 135°C i området omkring 69 kPa til omlag 896 kPa, mer fordelaktig omlag 103 kPa til omlag 758 kPa, og slutttøyning ved 135°C er omlag 700$ til omlag 1300$, mer fordelaktig omkring 800$ til omlag 1100$. Den dimensjonelt hovedsaklig varmestabile lukkestrimmel er fordelaktig tverrbundet til en grad noe høyere enn det dimensjonelt varmeustabile materialet, til hvilket det sveises slik at det vil ha god mekanisk styrke når det er varmet under prosedyren av å krympe ned omhyllingshylsen på røret eller en annen gjenstand under sluttbruken av produktene.
Fordelaktig, for å tilveiebringe et beskyttende dekke med gode styrkeegenskaper, er de polymere platematerialer og lukkestrimler av tykkelse omkring 0,4 mm til omllag 2,5 mm, mer fordelaktig omlag 0,6 til omlag 2 mm.
Fordelaktig er innsiden av det dimensjonelt varmeustabile platematerialet, d.v.s. den siden som legges mot gjenstanden som skal beskyttes, foret eller belagt med et funksjonsbelegg. Belegget kan for eksempel være et tetningsmiddel, et adhesivmateriale, en mastiks, et fett eller en to-komponents herdbar blanding. I tilfelle hvor belegget er en adhesiv, holder dette hylsen mer fast på gjenstanden og reduserer enhver tendens til at hylsen løsner fra gjenstanden. Når benyttet, kan mastiks funksjonere både som en adhesiv og som et tetningsmiddel for å bevirke en tetning mellom dekket og gjenstanden. Eksempler på fett som kan benyttes innbefatter vannavstøtende fett slik som silikonfett. Disse kan være spesielt nyttige når det dannes et isolerende dekke rundt telefonkabler eller elektriske spleiser. Eksempler på to-komponents herdbare blandinger som kan benyttes, innbefatter varmeherdbare epoksy-eller uretankompositter som kan danne et korrosjonsbeskyttende lag over et rørs overflate, hvorpå dekket påføres.
Eksempler på egnede tetningsmidler innbefatter varmsmelteadhesiver. Varmsmelteadhesiver for dette formål er vel kjent innenfor teknikken. Imidlertid som det vil fremgå for fagmannen, kan mange fluidmaterialer, som kan være organiske eller uorganiske og som kan eller trenger ikke være krys-tallinske ved omgivelsestemperaturen og gjøres hovedsaklig ikke-krystallinsk ved varmepåføring, benyttes som tetningsmiddel. Det viktige krav, hvor adhesivtetningsmiddel benyttes, er at det skal være istand til å flyte under ytterligere oppvarmingstrinn, for slik å tillate at platen skal gå uhindret tilbake, for å fylle mulige tomrom og for å bevirke en tetning mellom gjenstandens overflate og hylsen når den sistnevnte krymper. En fordel med den foretrukne sveisemetode beskrevet ovenfor, er at ettersom lite eller ingen varme overføres gjennom platematerialet til den side som har funksjonsbelegget, unngår metoden vesentlig defor-masjon eller strømning av funksjonsbelegget under sveise-prosedyren.
Ulike utførelser av metoden ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse, vil nå bli beskrevet kun gjennom eksempel med henvisning til de vedlagte tegninger hvor: figur 1 viser delvis skjematisk og delvis i perspektiv en sveiset omhyllingshylse i samsvar med oppfinnelsen;
figur 2 og 3 er tverrsnitt som illustrerer en sveiseprosedyre og det sveiste produkt respektivt;
figur 4 er et delvis skjematisk sideriss, delvis i snitt, som illustrerer en ytterligere sveisemetode i samsvar med oppf innelsen;
figur 5 er et planriss som tilsvarer figur 4; og figur 6 er et snitt tatt langs linjen VI-VI i figur 5.
Det vises til tegningene hvor like tall indikerer like deler.
Figur 1 viser en omhyllingshylse 1, innbefattende en langstrakt varmekrympbar, fleksibel polymerplate 2 med langsgående endepartier 2a og 2b. En hovedsaklig varmestabil polymerstrimmel 3 sveises på endepartiet 2a. Strimlen 3 er av tilstrekkelig bredde slik at ved bruk, hylles hylsen 1 rundt en gjenstand som skal beskyttes (ikke vist), for eksempel et rør, med partiene 2a overlappende på partiet 2b, hvor den frie ende av strimmelen 3 kan varmes og/eller presses ned på utsiden av platen 2 og kan sveises til denne ved å påføre varme direkte på utsiden av strimmelen 3, for eksempel ved å bruke et propanbluss eller lignende.
Innsiden av platen 2 er belagt med funksjonsbelegg 4.
I en foretrukken form er strimlen 3 klar eller transparent. Undersiden av strimmelen 3 kan være anordnet med en kon-vensjonell temperaturfølsom indikator, synlig gjennom den klare strimmel 3, som gir en visuell indikasjon på, for eksempel en f argeendring, når en temperatur er nådd ved hvilken strimmelen tilfredsstillende sveiser seg til platen 3. Vanligvis blir belegget 4 mykgjort ved oppvarmingen som deretter påføres hylsen 1 under forløpet av å krympe den ned, og periferispenningen i hylsen 1 bevirker at belegget 4 ekstruderer til å fylle kanalen eller overgangen 6 mellom enden av platen 2 og undersiden av strimlen 3. Visuell inspeksjon av belegget 4 som fyller opp kanalen 6 gir brukeren ytterligere visuell forsikring om effektiviteten av forseglingen gitt av den nedkrympede hylse.
I figur 2 påføres en lukkestrimmel 3 på endepartiet 2a og montasjen sveises eller smeltes sammen. For eksempel kan den presses sammen mellom pressplater der den øvre er innvendig oppvarmet ved elektrisk motstandsoppvarming. Varmen overføres fra den oppvarmede pressplate til strimlen 3 og partiet 2a som smeltes sammen. En frigjøringsfilm, for eksempel av PTFE, kan benyttes mellom den oppvarmede pressplate og lukkestrimmelen 3, slik at filmen og den oppvarmede pressplate kan enkelt fjernes fra det sveiste produkt etter ferdigstilling av sveisen.
Figur 3 viser enden 2a som bærer den påsveiste strimmel 3 overlappet på enden 2b for sveising til denne som beskrevet ovenfor med henvisning til figur 1.
I figurene 4 og 5 er det vist de drevne press-eller nipp-valser 11 og 12 og oppvarmede kiler 13 i en oppvarmet kilesveisingsmaskin, slik som for eksempel en maskin av typen tilgjengelig fra Pfaff Industrie maschiner GmbH, Forbunds-republikken Tyskland.
Strimmelen 3 og platen 2 i på hverandre lagt forhold mates inn fra en side av kilen 13. Ettersom den nedre side av strimmelen 3 og den øvre side av platen 2 passerer over overflatene av kilen 13, blir tynne overflate-hudpartier på denne sveiset avhengig av temperaturen på kilen 13, som styres fint. Materialene 2 og 3 blir deretter sammenført ved nippet mellom valsene 11 og 12 og trekkes gjennom valsene og presses sammen med disse, slik at de smeltede overflatepartier er smeltesveiset sammen.
Det sveiste omhyllende hylseprodukt sees delvis i innbyrdes vinkelrett tverrsnitt i figurene 4 og 6. I dette eksempel dekkes funksjonsbelegget 4 med en frigjøringsforing i form av en selvbærende avrivbar polymerfilm 14 som fjernes før bruk av hylsen.
Som vist i figurene 5 og 6 kan bredden av sonen 16 som smeltes av kilen 13 og smeltesveises mellom valsene 11 og 12, være smalere enn tverrutstrekningen av overlappen mellom strimmelen 3 og endepartiet 2a.
Siden av hver av valsene 11 og 12 kan freses som vist i figur 5 for å bedre grepet mot strimlene og platene trukket gjennom disse.
Strimmelen 3 kan leveres til sveiseanordningen i form av en kontinuerlig strimmel fra en trommel og kan kappes eller trimmes til bredden av platene 2 med guillotineblader plassert oppstrøms av valsene 11 og 12.
Et gassmunnstykke 17, skrånende mot aksen av kilen 13 og valsene 11 og 12, i bevegelsesretningen av materialene over kilen 13, kan anordnes inntil valsene 11 og 12 og kilen 13 gjennom hvilken gass, som ikke kommer i konflikt med sveisemetoden og materialene, slik som luft, oksygen eller nitrogen, sendes ut. Som det nå forstås, synes det som om en overlegen sveis oppnås når materialene som gjennomgår sveising bades i en gasstrøm under trinnene av smelting og sammensveising.
Vanligvis, ved fremstilling av polymere omhyllingshylser, vil kilen 13 opprettholdes ved en temperatur på omlag 200 til omlag 350"C, fordelaktig omkring 220 til omkring 320°C, og overf late-drivhastigheten på valsene 11 og 12 vil være i området 1,52 til omlag 15,2 m/minutt, fordelaktig omlag 1,52 til omlag 13,7 m/minutt. Gapet mellom valsene 11 og 12 vil fordelaktig være innstilt slik at når materialene som skal sveises passerer gjennom nippet mellom valsene, skapes et laminerende hjul-mottrykk på mellom 103 kPa til omlag 310 kPa, fordelaktig omkring 138 til 242 kPa.
Selv om beskrivelsen ovenfor gir fyldig informasjon til å muliggjøre at fagmannen kan utføre de foreliggende sveisemetoder og til å fabrikere de sveiste produkter, vil for unngåelse av tvil, enkelte detaljerte eksempler på metodene i samsvar med oppfinnelsen bli gitt:
Eksempel 1
Prosedyren beskrevet ovenfor med henvisning til figurene 2 og 3 ble fulgt ved bruk av de følgende materialer og betingelser .
Varmekrympbar plate
Sammensetning: blanding av 40$ EVA^<1>) og 60$ LDPE^<2>) Tykkelse : 0,889 mm (strukket)
Krymping ved oppvarming : 23$
Grad av tverrbinding : 61$
Merknader: (1) 12$ vinylacetat og 88$ etylenvinylacetat kopolymer (smelteindekt = 1)
(2) lavdensitet polyetylen (smelteindeks = 2,0, spesifikk tyngde = 0,919)
Funks. ionsmessig belegg
Sammensetning : asfalt-mastiks (støpeasfalt)
Tykkelse : 1,5 mm
Hovedsaklig varmestabil lukkestrimmel
Sammensetning : blanding av 40$ LDPE (som ovenfor) og 60$
LLDPE (lineær lavdensitets polyetylen MI =
2,3, spesifikk tyngde = 0,917)
Tykkelse : 0,762 mm
Bredde : 76,2 mm
Grad av tverrbinding : 75$
Den synlige nedre side av det funksjonsmessige belegg er dekket med en selvbærende avrivbar polymer film. Montasjen av lukkestrimmelen, den varmekrympbare plate, funksjonsbelegg og avrivbar polymer film plasseres mellom pressplatene. Pressplaten i kontakt med lukkestrimmelen oppvarmes ved elektriske varmeelementer. Montasjen komprimeres ved 552 kPa mellom pressplatene. Strøm påsettes den øvre pressplate for å varme lukkestrimmelen og smeltebinde den til den varmekrympbare plate. Etter bryting av strømmen, etterlates pressplatene lukket i 10 til 20 sekunder for å tillate indre kjølemiddel i pressplatene og avkjøle montasjen før pressplatene ble åpnet.
Eksempel 2
Prosedyren beskrevet ovenfor med henvisning til figurene 4 til 6 ble fulgt ved bruk av de følgende materialer og betingelser.
Varmekrympbar plate
Sammensetning : blanding av 60$ LDPE (smelte-strømningsindeks (mfi) =2,
spesifikk tyngde = 0,919) og 40$
EVA (12$ VA, mfi = 1, spesifikk tyngde = 0,932), sammen med små mengder additiver slik som fargemiddel
og antioksydanter.
Tykkelse : 0,889 mm
Krymping ved oppvarming: 30$
Tverrbinding : e 1 e k t r o n s t r å 1 e - t v e r r b ind i ng kjennetegnet ved 138 kPa strekk ved 300$ tøyning og 990$ sluttøyning ved 135<0>C.
Funksjonsmessig belegg
Adhesiv : 1,270 mm tykk på forsiden av den varmekrympbare
plate med frigjøringsbelegg.
Hovedsaklig varmestabil lukkestrimmel
Sammensetning : samme som den varmekrympbare plate Tykkelse : 0,711 mm
Tverrbinding : elektrostråle-tverrbinding kjennetegnet ved 629 kPa spenning ved 300$ tøyning og 520$ sluttøyning ved 135°C.
Sveisingen ble utført ved bruk av en Pfaff modell nr. 8309-124 varmkile-sveisemaskin utstyrt med en termistorstyrt varmekile. Kiletemperaturen ble opprettholdt ved 274°C, drivhastigheten på nippvalsene ved 6,7 m/minutt, og et gap på 2,718 mm ble innstilt mellom nippvalsene. Mottrykket mellom nippvalsene, som indikert med måleren på maskinen, var 207 kPa. En strøm av nitrogengass ble forsynt til å bade området nær kilen og nippvalsene.
Når utsatt for rivestyrke-testing DIN 30672 metode 1, hadde sveisen rivestyrke på 3,93 kg/cm. Bristen var kohesiv, det vil si at strimmelen og platen ikke ble revet fra hverandre, men sviktet ved tøyning av strimmelen eller platen. Sveisen var homogen.
Eksempel 3
Prosedyren ifølge eksempel 2 ble repetert bortsett fra for det følgende:
Varmekrympbar plate
Sammensetning : blanding av 40$ LDPE (som i eksempel 2) og 60$ LLDPE (lineær lavdensitets polyetylen, mfi = 2,3 spesifikk tyngde = 0,917) pluss additiver som i eksempel 2.
Tykkelse: 0,864 mm
Krymping ved varming: 25$
Tverrbinding: elektronstråle-tverrbinding til 172 kPa strekk ved 300$ tøyning og større enn 1080$ sluttøyning ved 135'C.
Funksjonsmessig belegg
Adhesiv: 1,676 mm tykt på forsiden av underlaget med
frigjøringslag.
Hovedsaklig varmestabil lukkestrimmel
Sammensetning: samme som den varmekrympbare plate ifølge
dette eksempel
Tykkelse: 0,813 mm
Tverrbinding: Elektronstråle-tverrbinding kjennetegnet ved 621 kPa strekk og 820$ sluttøyning ved
135°C.
Sveisingen ble utført under den samme kiletemperatur og drivhastighet som eksempel 2. Gapet mellom valsene var innstilt til 2,92 mm og mottrykket var 138 kPa. Sveiseområdet ble badet med en luftstrøm.
Rivestyrken på sveisen var 4,29 kg/cm. Svikten var kohesiv (som indikerer en homogen sveis) med tøyning av strimmelen. Lapp-skjærtesting (ASTMID 1002) ga strekkbrudd ved underlaget og strimmelen ved større enn 290 kPa.
Eksempel 4
Prosedyren ifølge eksempel 2 ble fulgt, bortsett fra det følgende:
Varmekrympbar plate
Sammensetning: LMDPE (lineær mediumdensitets polyetylen, mf i = 2,5, spesifikk tyngde = 0,935) pluss additiver
som i eksempel 2.
Tykkelse: 0,610 mm
Krymping ved oppvarming: 25,9$
Tverrbinding: elektronstråle-tverrbinding til 586 kPa strekk og 860$ slutt-tøyning ved 135°C.
Funksjonsmessig belegg
Adhesiv: 1,626 mm tykt på forsiden av underlaget med frigjøringsforing eller belegg.
Hovedsaklig varmestabil lukkestrimmel
Samme som eksempel 3
Sveisingen ble utført med en kiletemperatur på 232°C, drivhastighet 4,57 m/min., gapet ble innstilt ved 2,794 mm og mottrykket var 207 kPa. Oksygengass ble tilført for å bade sveiseområdet.
Sveisen hadde 0,89 kg/cm rivestyrke og sviktet ved adhesiv (langs grenseflaten mellom strimmelen og platen). Sveisen var ikke homogen, men var ensartet og ville være tilstrekkelig for enkelte formål. Sveisen hadde mer enn 290 kPa lapp-skjærstyrke strekksvikt for platen og strimmelen.
Eksempel 5
Prosedyren ifølge eksempel 2 ble fulgt bortsett fra: Varmekrympbar plate
Samme som eksempel 2
Funksjonsmessig belegg
Adhesiv: 1,270 mm tykt på forsiden av den varmekrympbare plate med frigjøringslag.
Hovedsaklig varmestabil lukkestrimmel
Sammensetning: Samme som eksempel 2
Tykkelse: Samme som eksempel 2
Tverrbinding: Elektronstråle-tverrbinding kjennetegnet ved 310 kPa strekk ved 300$ tøyning og 740$ sluttøyning ved 135°C.
Sveisingen ble utført med en kiletemperatur på 315°C, drivhastighet på 2,43 m/min., gapet ble innstilt ved 2,718 mm, og mottrykket var 207 kPa. Oksygengass ble tilført sveiseområdet.
Rivestyrke-testingen av sveisen sviktet kohesivt (større enn 4,29 kg/cm rivestyrke) og sveisen oppviste mer enn 207 kPa lapp-skjæring med strekksvikt på platen og strimmelen.
Claims (11)
1.
Varmekrympbart omhyllingsemne (1) tilpasset til påføring på en gjenstand i omhyllende forhold til denne innbefattende en plate (2) av dimensjonsmessig varmeustabilt fleksibelt materiale med langsgående avstandsbeliggende endepartier (2a, 2b) som kan bringes til overlappende forhold ved hjelp av en lukkestrimmel (3) når platen (2) påføres gjenstanden, idet materialet er blitt strukket i lengderetningen fra en opprinnelig varmestabil form til en dimensjonsmessig varmeustabil form som kan bevege seg i retning av dens opprinnelige form ved varmepåsetting alene, karakterisert ved at lukkestrimmelen er en hovedsaklig dimensjonsmessig varmestabil lukkestrimmel (3) med en kant plassert på ett av endepartiene (2a) av platen (2) og sveist til denne gjennom en jevn, fortrinnsvis homogen eller ensartet sveisbinding, hvilken strimmel (3) er av tilstrekkelig bredde til at når endepartiene (2a, 2b) av platen bringes sammen og endepartiet (2a) med lukkestrimmelen (3) er overlappet på det motsatte endeparti (2b), kan den frie endekant av lukkestrimmelen (3) påføres det underlappende endeparti (2b) og bli sveist til dette ved direkte varmepå-føring mot dette.
2.
Emne ifølge krav 1, karakterisert ved at platematerialet og strimmelen (3) hver er 0,4 mm til 2,5 mm tykk, fordelaktig 0,6 til 2,0 mm tykk.
3.
Emne ifølge hvilket som helst av de foranstående krav, karakterisert ved at platematerialet og strimmelen (3) hver er av polyolefin, en blanding av polyolefiner, en blanding av polyolefin med en olefinkopo-lymer eller med en elastomer eller med en blanding av denne,
en elastomer, en termoplastelastomer eller en blanding av disse.
4.
Emne ifølge hvilket som helst av de foranstående krav, karakterisert ved at platematerialet er tverrbundet til en grad på 25$ til 85$, fordelaktig 45$ til 85$, og strimmelen til en grad høyere enn platematerialet.
5 .
Emne ifølge hvilket som helst av de foranstående krav, karakterisert ved at platematerialet er tverrbundet slik at for 300$ tøyning ved 135°C er nødvendig strekkspenning 69 til 896 kPa, fortrinnsvis 103 til 758 kPa og dens sluttøyning er 700$ til 1300$, fortrinnsvis 800$ til 1100$, og strimmelen (3) er tverrbundet til en grad høyere enn platematerialet.
6.
Emne ifølge hvilket som helst av de foranstående krav, karakterisert ved at strimmelen (3) er transparent og har en temperaturfølsom visuell indikator på undersiden.
7.
Fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av omhyllingsemne innbefattende en plate (2) ved sammensveising av det ene endeparti (2a) av platematerialet til en lukkestrimmel (3) for å danne et varmekrympbart beskyttende emne, der minst et endeparti er av dimensjonsmessig varmeustabilt platemateriale som er blitt strukket i lengderetningen fra en opprinnelig varmestabil form til en dimensjonsmessig varmeustabil form som kan krympes mot sin opprinnelige form ved varmepåføring alene, karakterisert ved at endepartiene trekkes over motsatte sider av et oppvarmet element, styring av varmen i elementet slik at et tynt hudparti på den siden av hvert endeparti inntil det oppvarmede element smeltes, de smeltede partier av endepartiene bringes til kontakt og trykk påføres for å få disse til å smelte sammen.
8.
Fremgangsmåte ifølge krav 7, karakterisert ved at det oppvarmede element, såsom en oppvarmet kile, fortrinnsvis holdes ved en temperatur på 200 til 250°C, mer fordelaktig 220 til 320°C.
9.
Fremgangsmåte ifølge krav 7 eller 8, karakterisert ved at endepartiene trekkes over det oppvarmede element ved å innføres i nippet mellom matevalser drevet med en overflatehastighet på 1,52 til 15,2 m/min., fortrinnsvis 1,52 til 13,7 m/min.
10.
Fremgangsmåte ifølge krav 9, karakterisert ved at gapet mellom valsene innstilles slik at trykk på 103 til 310 kPa, fortrinnsvis 138 til 172 kPa, utøves mot endepartiene mellom valsene.
11.
Fremgangsmåte ifølge ett eller flere av de foranstående krav, karakterisert ved trinnet av å bade området rundt det oppvarmede element i en strøm av gass, f.eks. luft, oksygen eller nitrogen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US39204389A | 1989-08-10 | 1989-08-10 | |
US07/519,473 US5134000A (en) | 1989-08-10 | 1990-05-07 | Heat shrinkable protective sheets and methods for their manufacture |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO903499D0 NO903499D0 (no) | 1990-08-09 |
NO903499L NO903499L (no) | 1991-02-11 |
NO179441B true NO179441B (no) | 1996-07-01 |
NO179441C NO179441C (no) | 1996-10-09 |
Family
ID=27013726
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO903499A NO179441C (no) | 1989-08-10 | 1990-08-09 | Varmekrympbart omhyllingsemne samt fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av omhyllingsemnet |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0414414B1 (no) |
JP (1) | JPH03175019A (no) |
AT (1) | ATE125196T1 (no) |
AU (1) | AU630217B2 (no) |
CA (1) | CA2022840C (no) |
DE (1) | DE69020980T2 (no) |
DK (1) | DK0414414T3 (no) |
ES (1) | ES2075159T3 (no) |
FI (1) | FI903912A0 (no) |
NO (1) | NO179441C (no) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2101805T3 (es) * | 1991-02-26 | 1997-07-16 | Shaw Ind Ltd | Hojas protectoras termocontraibles. |
US5175032A (en) * | 1991-05-02 | 1992-12-29 | Shaw Industries Ltd. | Heat shrinkable closure sheets and sleeve structures and methods employing the same |
ATE212900T1 (de) * | 1995-11-29 | 2002-02-15 | Rxs Ges Fuer Vermoegensverwalt | Wärmeschrumpfbare umhüllung |
GB2319316A (en) | 1996-11-14 | 1998-05-20 | Shaw Ind Ltd | Heat shrinkable member for connecting tubular sections |
CA2863275C (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2016-11-29 | G.B.D. Corp. | Mechanical restraint member |
CA2888402C (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2017-10-31 | G.B.D. Corp. | Method of joining pipes and fittings with mechanical restraint members |
CN109383036B (zh) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-12-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | 内置电磁材料的热塑性树脂基复合材料感应焊设备及方法 |
WO2024012763A1 (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-18 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | System for evaluating the sealing quality of a sealing strip sealed to a packaging web in a packaging machine |
WO2024012764A1 (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-18 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Evaluating the sealing quality of a sealing strip sealed to a packaging web in a packaging machine |
EP4306305A1 (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-17 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Evaluating the sealing quality of a sealing strip sealed to a packaging web in a packaging machine |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE563036A (no) * | 1956-12-07 | 1900-01-01 | ||
BE852120A (fr) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-09-05 | Raychem Corp | Procede pour assembler des matieres en feuille susceptibles de reprise thermique |
US4378393A (en) * | 1978-09-22 | 1983-03-29 | High Voltage Engineering Corporation | Heat-shrinkable article |
AU7315781A (en) * | 1980-08-22 | 1982-02-25 | Gundle Holdings Pty. Ltd. | Welding thermoplastics |
FI60892C (fi) * | 1981-01-15 | 1982-04-13 | Tampereen Verkatehdas Oy | Medelst smaeltfogning sammansatt termoplastiskt fibertyg samt foerfarande foer dess framstaellning |
CA1179211A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1984-12-11 | Dilip K. Tailor | Heat shrinkable covering and method for applying same |
JPS60116430A (ja) * | 1983-11-29 | 1985-06-22 | Ube Ind Ltd | 長尺体の被覆法 |
DE3640187A1 (de) * | 1986-11-25 | 1988-06-01 | Pfaff Ind Masch | Kunststoff-schweissmaschine |
-
1990
- 1990-08-07 FI FI903912A patent/FI903912A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-07 AU AU60233/90A patent/AU630217B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-08-08 DK DK90308708.8T patent/DK0414414T3/da active
- 1990-08-08 AT AT90308708T patent/ATE125196T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-08 EP EP90308708A patent/EP0414414B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-08 DE DE69020980T patent/DE69020980T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-08 ES ES90308708T patent/ES2075159T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-08 CA CA002022840A patent/CA2022840C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-09 NO NO903499A patent/NO179441C/no unknown
- 1990-08-10 JP JP2213619A patent/JPH03175019A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0414414A2 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
FI903912A0 (fi) | 1990-08-07 |
ES2075159T3 (es) | 1995-10-01 |
JPH03175019A (ja) | 1991-07-30 |
NO903499L (no) | 1991-02-11 |
AU630217B2 (en) | 1992-10-22 |
NO179441C (no) | 1996-10-09 |
NO903499D0 (no) | 1990-08-09 |
CA2022840A1 (en) | 1991-02-11 |
AU6023390A (en) | 1991-02-14 |
CA2022840C (en) | 1998-04-28 |
EP0414414B1 (en) | 1995-07-19 |
DK0414414T3 (da) | 1995-09-04 |
EP0414414A3 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
ATE125196T1 (de) | 1995-08-15 |
DE69020980T2 (de) | 1995-11-23 |
DE69020980D1 (de) | 1995-08-24 |
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