NO162063B - SECONDARY LIFE STORAGE DEVICE FOR DIVERS. - Google Patents
SECONDARY LIFE STORAGE DEVICE FOR DIVERS. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO162063B NO162063B NO862931A NO862931A NO162063B NO 162063 B NO162063 B NO 162063B NO 862931 A NO862931 A NO 862931A NO 862931 A NO862931 A NO 862931A NO 162063 B NO162063 B NO 162063B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- divers
- breath
- renewing
- holes
- pipe
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
- B63C11/18—Air supply
- B63C11/22—Air supply carried by diver
- B63C11/24—Air supply carried by diver in closed circulation
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
Under én synsvinkel omfatter en sekundær. livbevaringsanordning for dykkere. en pustfornyer som danner en kvasilukket krets og via en eller flere. slanger er forbundet med en avsteng-nmgsventil og en hjelm- eller maske-overgangsinnretning, og i en beredskapstilstand under normale dykkearbeider. blir pustfornyersettet holdt på et. trykk høyere enn det ytre trykk i. omgivelsene. Under en annen synsvinkel. går oppfinnelsen ut på en pustfornyer-anordning som danner en kvasilukket. krets og er bestemt for en sekundær. livbevaringsanordning for dykkere,. og pustfornyeranordningen kan ved. hjelp av en eller flere slanger (2). fastgjøres til en avstengningsventil. (4) og hjelm- eller maske-overgangs-innretning (17) samt omfatter minst. én kontralunge (1), en fuktighetsabsorbator (), en karbondioksid-gassvasker (1) og en struper (6). som kan festes til en trykkgassflaske. (5) slik at der når anordningen er. aktivert, kan sive gass inn i denne. i en hovedsakelig konstant strøm.Et særlig gunstig trekk ved en slik. anordning er at den i en beredskaps-. tilstand kan holdes på et trykk høyere enn det ytre trykk i omgivelsene.Ved å vedlikeholde et overtrykk i pustfornyeranordningen under bruk unngår man muligheten for at sjøvannUnder one point of view includes a secondary. life preservation device for divers. a respirator that forms a quasi-closed circuit and via one or more. hoses are connected to a shut-off valve and a helmet or mask transition device, and in a state of readiness during normal diving work. the respirator regenerator kit is held on a. pressure higher than the external pressure in the surroundings. From a different point of view. the invention relates to a breath renewing device which forms a quasi-closure. circuit and is intended for a secondary. life preservation device for divers ,. and the breath renewing device can. using one or more hoses (2). attached to a shut-off valve. (4) and helmet or mask transition device (17) and comprises at least. one control lung (1), a moisture absorber (), a carbon dioxide scrubber (1) and a choke (6). which can be attached to a pressurized gas cylinder. (5) so that when the device is. activated, gas can seep into it. in a substantially constant current.A particularly favorable feature of such. device is that it in a contingency-. condition can be maintained at a pressure higher than the external pressure in the surroundings. By maintaining an overpressure in the breath renewing device during use, the possibility of seawater being avoided
Description
Fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av drensrør. Procedure for the production of drainage pipes.
Oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av drensrør The invention relates to a method for the production of drainage pipes
av termoplastmaterial, særlig polyetylen, hvor røret forsynes med huller. of thermoplastic material, particularly polyethylene, where the tube is provided with holes.
Det er kjent å fremstille drensrør av termoplastmaterial. Det It is known to produce drainage pipes of thermoplastic material. The
er således kjent å fremstille drensrør av ikke myknet polyvinylklorid, som forsynes med utsagede slisser, hvilket har vist seg velegnet, når det dreier seg om slike forholdsvis stive polyvinylkloridrør, som bevarer slissbredden tilnærmelsesvis konstant. Drensrør av dette material lar seg imidlertid på grunn av sin stivhet ikke oppvikle, hvorfor de kun kan fremstilles i is thus known to produce drainage pipes of non-softened polyvinyl chloride, which are provided with pronounced slits, which has proven suitable when it comes to such relatively rigid polyvinyl chloride pipes, which keep the slit width approximately constant. However, due to its stiffness, drain pipes made of this material cannot be wound up, which is why they can only be produced in
forholdsvis korte lengder. relatively short lengths.
Det har derfor vært forsøkt å overføre denne teknikke til polyetylenrør, som er bøyelige, således at de kan vikles opp i lengder på 50, 100 eller 200 meter etter ønske og således nedlegges som en ubrudt ledning uten koblinger. Det viser seg imidlertid, at det bløtere material ikke tillater overholdelse av bestemte slissebredder, særlig hvis slissene sages ut på tvers av rørets lengderetning, idet lagringen av røret i oppviklet tilstand fremkaller endringer av slissbredden. Der har derfor vært forsøkt flere metoder for perforering av polyetylenrør, som f.eks. utstansing av huller, delvis utstansing av større huller, hvor en flik blir sittende ut over hullet, men i disse tilfelle er det en heller stor risiko for tilstopping av røret, idet disse åpninger tillater leire og slam å flyte med vannet inn i røret. For å unngå dette har det vært foreslått å forsyne rørene med en omvikling av glassvatt eller annet filtermaterial. Attempts have therefore been made to transfer this technique to polyethylene pipes, which are flexible, so that they can be wound up in lengths of 50, 100 or 200 meters as desired and thus laid down as an unbroken line without connections. It turns out, however, that the softer material does not allow compliance with certain slit widths, especially if the slits are sawn across the length of the pipe, as storing the pipe in a coiled state causes changes in the slit width. Several methods have therefore been tried for perforating polyethylene pipes, such as e.g. punching out holes, partial punching out of larger holes, where a flap is stuck out over the hole, but in these cases there is a rather large risk of clogging the pipe, as these openings allow clay and sludge to flow with the water into the pipe. To avoid this, it has been suggested to supply the pipes with a wrap of glass wool or other filter material.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse går ut på en fremgangsmåte av den nevnte art, ved hvilken det er mulig å fremstille drensrør selv av den forholdsvis bløte polyetylen på en slik måte, at hullene bevarer sin form selv etter oppvikling av røret, samt slik at hullenes utformning gir en tilstrekkelig god beskyttelse mot tilstopping. The present invention is based on a method of the aforementioned kind, by which it is possible to produce drainage pipes even from the relatively soft polyethylene in such a way that the holes retain their shape even after winding up the pipe, as well as so that the design of the holes provides a sufficient good protection against clogging.
Det særegne ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen er at hullene tilveiebringes ved at stifter, som er oppvarmet til en temperatur over rørmaterialets mykningstemperatur, stikkes utenfra gjennom rørveggen, slik at det dannes fremstående kraver rundt hullene. Denne fremstående kra>e dannes da av det material, som fortrenges av den varme stift under dennes inntrengning i rør-veggen. Denne kra-re medfører for det første, at hullet ikke viser noen tendens til å lukke seg igjen, hvilke ville skje, hvis hullet ble stukket ut med en kald stift, og det fjernes intet material, slik tilfellet er ved en lokking eller utstansing, og det fremkommer ikke noen svekkelse av røret ved hullene, fordi alt materialet fremdeles er tilstede. Den krave, som omgir hullet, vil videre virke sterkt hindrende overfor innstrømming av leire og sand, og selv om røret ikke er fullt så sikret mot en slik tilstopping som et rør, som er omviklet med glassvatt eller annet filtermaterial, er det dog meget billigere, og sikkerheten er tilstrekkelig stor. The peculiarity of the method according to the invention is that the holes are provided by pins, which are heated to a temperature above the pipe material's softening temperature, being inserted from the outside through the pipe wall, so that protruding collars are formed around the holes. This protruding collar is then formed by the material displaced by the hot pin during its penetration into the pipe wall. This collar means, firstly, that the hole shows no tendency to close again, which would happen if the hole was poked out with a cold pin, and no material is removed, as is the case with a decoy or punching, and there is no weakening of the tube at the holes, because all the material is still present. The collar, which surrounds the hole, will also act as a strong barrier against the inflow of clay and sand, and although the pipe is not quite as protected against such clogging as a pipe wrapped with glass wool or other filter material, it is nevertheless much cheaper , and the security is sufficiently large.
Oppfinnelsen skal nedenfor forklares nærmere under henvisning The invention will be explained in more detail below by reference
til vedføyde tegning. to the attached drawing.
Fig. 1 visor et tverrsnitt gjennom et drensrør fremstilt ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen. Fig. 1 shows a cross-section through a drainage pipe produced by the method according to the invention.
Fig. 2 viser et utsnitt av røret sett fra siden. Fig. 2 shows a section of the pipe seen from the side.
På tegningen er det vist et rør 1 av polyetylen, som langs The drawing shows a pipe 1 made of polyethylene, which along
omkretsen er forsynt med fire rekker hull, hvor rekkene forløper parallelt med rørets akse. I fig. 2 er et utsnitt av en sådan rekke vist. Hvert hull 2 er tilveiebragt ved at en stift som i forveien er oppvarmet til en temperatur over rørmaterialets mykningstemperatur, er ført utenfra gjennom rørveggen. Under stiftens inntrengning i rørveggen vil den smelte materialet og skyve dette til siden slik at det omkring det endelige hull dannes en krave 3 som rager frem i forhold til rørets ytterside, som styrker hullkanten, og som i vesentlig grad forhindrer inntrengning av sand og leire, når røret senere legges i jorden. Det forholdsvis bløte material tillater oppspoling av røret i lange lengder, og som følge av de avstivende kraver 3 herunder forhindres deformasjon av hullene. the circumference is provided with four rows of holes, where the rows run parallel to the tube's axis. In fig. 2 is a section of such a row shown. Each hole 2 is provided by a pin which has previously been heated to a temperature above the softening temperature of the pipe material, being led from the outside through the pipe wall. During the penetration of the pin into the pipe wall, it will melt the material and push it to the side so that a collar 3 is formed around the final hole which protrudes in relation to the outside of the pipe, which strengthens the edge of the hole, and which to a significant extent prevents the penetration of sand and clay, when the pipe is later laid in the ground. The relatively soft material allows the tube to be coiled in long lengths, and as a result of the stiffening collars 3 below, deformation of the holes is prevented.
Stiftene kan oppvarmes elektrisk eller ved hjelp av en gass- The pins can be heated electrically or with the help of a gas
brenner, før de føres inn i rørveggen, og som et eksempel på størrelsesordenen av disse stifters diameter kan nevnes to millimeter, og når der anbringes fire hullrekker, er en passende avstand mellom hullene i hver rekke ti millimeter. De mange, forholdsvis små hull 2 i forbindelse med kravene 3 gir mindre innstrømningshastighet gjennom hvert hull i sammenligning med den innstrømning, som finner sted i de færre ogarealmessig større slisser i rør av polyvinylklorid, og dette forhold er også medvirkende til den mindre risiko for tilstopping. burners, before they are introduced into the pipe wall, and as an example of the order of magnitude of the diameter of these pins two millimeters can be mentioned, and when four rows of holes are placed, a suitable distance between the holes in each row is ten millimeters. The many, relatively small holes 2 in connection with claims 3 result in a lower inflow rate through each hole compared to the inflow that takes place in the fewer and area-wise larger slits in polyvinyl chloride pipes, and this ratio also contributes to the lower risk of clogging .
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08429706A GB2169209B (en) | 1984-11-23 | 1984-11-23 | Divers life support system including a bail-out rebreather |
PCT/GB1985/000540 WO1986003171A1 (en) | 1984-11-23 | 1985-11-22 | Secondary life support system |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO862931D0 NO862931D0 (en) | 1986-07-21 |
NO862931L NO862931L (en) | 1986-09-17 |
NO162063B true NO162063B (en) | 1989-07-24 |
NO162063C NO162063C (en) | 1989-11-01 |
Family
ID=10570203
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO862931A NO162063C (en) | 1984-11-23 | 1986-07-21 | SECONDARY LIFE STORAGE DEVICE FOR DIVERS. |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0203133B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS62501280A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1009816B (en) |
AU (1) | AU580829B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8507074A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3577074D1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2169209B (en) |
NO (1) | NO162063C (en) |
SU (1) | SU1722222A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1986003171A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA858960B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU611382B2 (en) * | 1985-10-01 | 1991-06-13 | Intertek Limited | Breathing apparatus |
GB8524181D0 (en) * | 1985-10-01 | 1985-11-06 | Stewart J S S | Breathing equipment |
US5619987A (en) * | 1991-09-24 | 1997-04-15 | Grand Bleu International, Inc. | Semi-closed rebreathing apparatus with water removing pump |
GB9726505D0 (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1998-02-11 | Harrison Alan M | Movable disabled persons lift |
CA2393495C (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2008-10-07 | Alto2Lab Limited | A breathing method and apparatus |
GB2406282A (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2005-03-30 | Alexander Roger Deas | Self-contained underwater re-breathing apparatus having a shortened breathing hose |
US7568483B2 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2009-08-04 | Ric Investments, Llc | Patient interface with respiratory gas measurement component |
CN102258931B (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2013-03-27 | 辽宁安泰机电设备有限公司 | Device for absorbing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide |
CN115092357B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-02-06 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Life support system for deep sea diving suit and using method thereof |
CN116039879A (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-05-02 | 中国人民解放军海军特色医学中心 | Circulating type scuba and method for judging use condition of carbon dioxide absorbent |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB757652A (en) * | 1953-06-16 | 1956-09-19 | Scott Aviation Corp | Improvements in or relating to breathing apparatus |
GB764111A (en) * | 1954-01-07 | 1956-12-19 | Gasaccumulator Svenska Ab | Face mask for under-water breathing |
GB912579A (en) * | 1959-06-13 | 1962-12-12 | Claude Ogilvie Bisset | Improvements in underwater breathing apparatus |
GB912418A (en) * | 1960-09-05 | 1962-12-05 | Vickers Res Ltd | Improvements in or relating to masks |
DE2104153A1 (en) * | 1971-01-29 | 1972-08-24 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | Circulatory diving device |
SE360047B (en) * | 1971-06-22 | 1973-09-17 | Aga Ab | |
JPS562287A (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Closed type respiration apparatus |
-
1984
- 1984-11-23 GB GB08429706A patent/GB2169209B/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-11-22 DE DE8585905862T patent/DE3577074D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-11-22 AU AU52001/86A patent/AU580829B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-11-22 EP EP85905862A patent/EP0203133B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-11-22 WO PCT/GB1985/000540 patent/WO1986003171A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1985-11-22 CN CN85109648A patent/CN1009816B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-11-22 JP JP60505325A patent/JPS62501280A/en active Pending
- 1985-11-22 BR BR8507074A patent/BR8507074A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-11-22 ZA ZA858960A patent/ZA858960B/en unknown
-
1986
- 1986-07-21 NO NO862931A patent/NO162063C/en unknown
- 1986-07-23 SU SU864027986A patent/SU1722222A3/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN85109648A (en) | 1986-08-20 |
SU1722222A3 (en) | 1992-03-23 |
DE3577074D1 (en) | 1990-05-17 |
JPS62501280A (en) | 1987-05-21 |
EP0203133A1 (en) | 1986-12-03 |
BR8507074A (en) | 1987-07-14 |
GB2169209A (en) | 1986-07-09 |
ZA858960B (en) | 1986-07-30 |
NO862931D0 (en) | 1986-07-21 |
GB8429706D0 (en) | 1985-01-03 |
NO162063C (en) | 1989-11-01 |
WO1986003171A1 (en) | 1986-06-05 |
GB2169209B (en) | 1989-02-15 |
CN1009816B (en) | 1990-10-03 |
EP0203133B1 (en) | 1990-04-11 |
AU580829B2 (en) | 1989-02-02 |
AU5200186A (en) | 1986-06-18 |
NO862931L (en) | 1986-09-17 |
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