NO148781B - PROCEDURE FOR THE REMOVAL OF VINYL CHLORIDE FROM Aqueous SUSPENSION - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE REMOVAL OF VINYL CHLORIDE FROM Aqueous SUSPENSION Download PDFInfo
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- NO148781B NO148781B NO752251A NO752251A NO148781B NO 148781 B NO148781 B NO 148781B NO 752251 A NO752251 A NO 752251A NO 752251 A NO752251 A NO 752251A NO 148781 B NO148781 B NO 148781B
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- vinyl chloride
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- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 12
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- -1 peroxide dicarbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6-pentaoxepane-5,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OOOOC(=O)O1 BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLHWNGXLXZPNOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)CCN1CCOCC1 VLHWNGXLXZPNOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTGWMJJKPLJKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical group CCCCOOC(=O)C(C)(C)C DTGWMJJKPLJKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IGBSAAYMSMEDQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxy hydrogen carbonate;2-propan-2-ylperoxypropane Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(O)=O.CC(C)OOC(C)C IGBSAAYMSMEDQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-AATRIKPKSA-N diethyl fumarate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWWQRMFIZFPUAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=C)C(=O)OC ZWWQRMFIZFPUAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXOCZLWARDHWFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxathiirane 3,3-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OO1 SXOCZLWARDHWFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/001—Removal of residual monomers by physical means
- C08F6/003—Removal of residual monomers by physical means from polymer solutions, suspensions, dispersions or emulsions without recovery of the polymer therefrom
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
Fremgangsmåte for fjerning av vinylklorid fra en vandig oppslemming.Method for removing vinyl chloride from an aqueous slurry.
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte for fjerning av vinylklorid fra en vandig oppslemming, fremstilt ved suspensjonspolymerisering av en monomer komponent. The present invention relates to a method for removing vinyl chloride from an aqueous slurry, produced by suspension polymerization of a monomeric component.
Når polyvinylklorid polymeriseres i et vandig medium ved suspensjons- eller emulsjonspolymeriseringsteknikk, When polyvinyl chloride is polymerized in an aqueous medium by suspension or emulsion polymerization techniques,
så oppnår man en suspensjon eller latex som inneholder fra 5 then a suspension or latex is obtained which contains from 5
til 50 vekt-%, i de fleste tilfeller fra 20 til 45 vekt-% polyvinylklorid. Nevnte medium kan også inneholde opptil 5 vekt-% av uomsatt vinylklorid. Mesteparten av den uomsatte monomer blir vanligvis fjernet ved at man oppvarmer suspensjonen eller latexen under redusert trykk til ca. 65°C. to 50% by weight, in most cases from 20 to 45% by weight polyvinyl chloride. Said medium can also contain up to 5% by weight of unreacted vinyl chloride. Most of the unreacted monomer is usually removed by heating the suspension or latex under reduced pressure to approx. 65°C.
Slik den vanligvis utføres vil denne avdestillering redusere monomerinnholdet i suspensjonen eller latexen til fra 1000 til 15 000 deler pr. vekt vinylklorid pr. million vektdeler av suspensjonen eller latexen. Videre bearbeiding gir tørrede produkter som kan inneholde 500 ppm eller mer av nevnte monomer. As it is usually carried out, this distillation will reduce the monomer content of the suspension or latex to from 1,000 to 15,000 parts per weight of vinyl chloride per parts per million by weight of the suspension or latex. Further processing yields dried products which may contain 500 ppm or more of said monomer.
På bakgrunn av nylig fremlagte sikkerhetsbestemmel-ser som krever at mengden av vinylklorid i polyvinylklorid samt i den atmosfære hvor industriarbeiderne oppholder seg, On the basis of recently presented safety regulations which require that the amount of vinyl chloride in polyvinyl chloride and in the atmosphere where the industrial workers stay,
skal holdes på meget lave nivåer, er det nødvendig at monomerinnholdet i suspensjonen eller latexen blir tilstrekkelig redusert til at man kan oppfylle disse krav. must be kept at very low levels, it is necessary that the monomer content in the suspension or latex is sufficiently reduced to meet these requirements.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår i henhold til dette, en fremgangsmåte for fjerning av vinylklorid fra en vandig oppslemming, fremstilt ved suspensjonspolymerisering av en monomer komponent valgt blant vinylklorid og blandinger av vinylklorid med opptil 35 vekt-% av minst en med vinylklorid kopolymeriserbar monomer, idet oppslemmingen inneholder fra 5-50 vekt-, % vinylklorid polymerpartikler med et størrelsesområde fra 25 According to this, the present invention relates to a method for removing vinyl chloride from an aqueous slurry, produced by suspension polymerization of a monomeric component selected from vinyl chloride and mixtures of vinyl chloride with up to 35% by weight of at least one copolymerizable monomer with vinyl chloride, the slurry containing from 5-50 wt.% vinyl chloride polymer particles with a size range from 25
ym til 500 ym, fra 1000 til 15 000 ppm vinylklorid, beregnet på vekten av polymeren i oppslemmingen, og ikke mer enn 0,1 vekt-% overflateaktivt middel, og denne fremgangsmåte karak-teriseres ved at den omfatter å oppvarme oppslemmingen til en temperatur mellom 70°C og kokepunktet for vann ved et trykk innen området 300 mm Hg absolutt til 3 atmosfærer, og å fjerne vinylkloriddamp som er utviklet inntil oppslemmingen inneholder mindre enn 0,1 ppm vinylklorid, beregnet på vekten av ym to 500 ym, from 1,000 to 15,000 ppm of vinyl chloride, based on the weight of the polymer in the slurry, and not more than 0.1% by weight of surfactant, and this method is characterized in that it comprises heating the slurry to a temperature between 70°C and the boiling point of water at a pressure in the range of 300 mm Hg absolute to 3 atmospheres, and to remove vinyl chloride vapors evolved until the slurry contains less than 0.1 ppm vinyl chloride, calculated on the weight of
polymeren i oppslemmingen. the polymer in the slurry.
Vandige suspensjoner med meget lavt VCM (vinyl-kloridmonomer)-innhold slik det er beskrevet her er enestå-ende, og har ikke vært nødvendig i vanlige PVC (polyvinylklorid) -prosesser for fremstilling av PVC-harpiks tidligere. På bakgrunn av at man nå imidlertid har oppdaget at vinylklorid kan ha visse carsinogene egenskaper, har det oppstått et behov for suspensjoner eller latexer med meget lavt monomer-innhold hvor den tørkede PVC-harpiks har meget sterkt redusert VCM-innhold, dvs. til et punkt hvor det ikke lar seg påvise VCM med gasskromatografi. Aqueous suspensions with very low VCM (vinyl chloride monomer) content as described here are unique, and have not been necessary in conventional PVC (polyvinyl chloride) processes for the production of PVC resin in the past. However, on the basis that it has now been discovered that vinyl chloride can have certain carcinogenic properties, a need has arisen for suspensions or latexes with a very low monomer content where the dried PVC resin has a very greatly reduced VCM content, i.e. to a point where it is not possible to detect VCM with gas chromatography.
En fordel med suspensjoner ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse, er at de ved videre av-vanning og tørking slik det vanligvis utføres i PVC-industrien, så vil slike suspensjoner frigjøre betydelig mindre vinylklorid til atmosfæren enn det som tidligere var tilfelle. An advantage of suspensions according to the present invention is that upon further dewatering and drying as is usually carried out in the PVC industry, such suspensions will release significantly less vinyl chloride into the atmosphere than was previously the case.
Vandige suspensjoner som bearbeides ved hjelp av foreliggende oppfinnelse, fremstilles ved vanlig suspensjons-polymeriseringsteknikk. I suspensjonspolymeriseringsprosess-en blir vinylklorid eller en blanding av vinylklorid og minst en komonomer, suspendert i vann ved hjelp av suspenderte midler og røring. Polymeriseringen utføres ved hjelp av en fri-radikalutviklende polymeriseringsinitiator, f.eks. lauroylperoksyd, benzoylperoksyd, diisopropylperoksyddikarbonat, tertiært butylperoksypivalat, azabisisobutyronitril, azobis-2,4-dimetylvaleronitril, kombinasjoner av dialkylperoksyddi-karbonater og lauroylperoksyd, sulfonylperoksyd og lignende. Suspenderte midler som kan brukes er metylcellulose, hydroksymetylcellulose, hydroksyetylcellulose, hydroksypropylmetylcellulose, hydrolysert polyvinylacetat, gelatin, metylvinyleter-maleinsyreanhydridsampolymer og kombinasjoner av disse. Aqueous suspensions which are processed by means of the present invention are produced by the usual suspension polymerization technique. In the suspension polymerization process, vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and at least one comonomer is suspended in water by means of suspending agents and stirring. The polymerization is carried out using a free-radical-developing polymerization initiator, e.g. lauroyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxide dicarbonate, tertiary butyl peroxypivalate, azabisisobutyronitrile, azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, combinations of dialkyl peroxide dicarbonates and lauroyl peroxide, sulfonyl peroxide and the like. Suspending agents that can be used are methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, gelatin, methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer and combinations thereof.
Når kopolymerer blir fremstilt blir vinylklorid polymerisert med en kopolymeriserbar monomer, hvorved man får fremstilt et produkt som inneholder opp til 35 vekt-% av ko-monomeren. Blant monomerer som kan kopolymeriseres med vinylklorid, kan nevnes akrylsyre, akrylonitril, n-butylakrylat, diallylmaleat, dibutylmaleat, dietylfumarat, dimetylitaconat, etylakrylat, etylen, isobutylen, maleinsyreanhydrid, metakryl-syre, metakrylonitril, metakrylat, metylvinyleter, 2-etylheks-ylakrylat, propylen, triallylcyanurat, triallylisocyanurat, trimetylolpropan, trimetakrylat, vinylacetat, N-vinylkarbazol, vinylidenklorid, vinylisobutyleter, N-vinylpyrrolidon, og blandinger av disse. When copolymers are produced, vinyl chloride is polymerized with a copolymerizable monomer, whereby a product containing up to 35% by weight of the co-monomer is produced. Among monomers that can be copolymerized with vinyl chloride, mention may be made of acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, n-butyl acrylate, diallyl maleate, dibutyl maleate, diethyl fumarate, dimethyl itaconate, ethyl acrylate, ethylene, isobutylene, maleic anhydride, methacrylic acid, methacrylonitrile, methacrylate, methyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, propylene, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane, trimethacrylate, vinyl acetate, N-vinylcarbazole, vinylidene chloride, vinyl isobutyl ether, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof.
Videre behandlinger angående fremstillingen av vinylklorid homopolymerer og kopolymerer ved suspensjons- og emulsjonspolymeriseringsteknikk, er angitt i Kirk-Othmer "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology", annen utgave, volum 21 , side 373-379. Further treatments of the preparation of vinyl chloride homopolymers and copolymers by suspension and emulsion polymerization techniques are given in Kirk-Othmer "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology", Second Edition, Volume 21, pages 373-379.
Bearbeidelsen av vinylkloridpolymerer ved forhøyede temperaturer for å redusere deres monomerinnhold står i strid med det som vanligvis er angitt i litteraturen, etter som man der har angitt at slik oppvarming vil dekomponere polymeren. The processing of vinyl chloride polymers at elevated temperatures to reduce their monomer content is contrary to what is commonly stated in the literature, which states that such heating will decompose the polymer.
Eksemplene 1- 11. Examples 1-11.
I hver-t av eksemplene 1-11 (tabell 1) ble en vanlig suspensjon inneholdende ca. 30 vekt-% polyvinylklorid oppvarmet og omrørt ved den angitte temperatur og trykk, og det vinylklorid som ble utviklet ble fjernet. In each of examples 1-11 (table 1) a normal suspension containing approx. 30% by weight polyvinyl chloride heated and stirred at the indicated temperature and pressure, and the vinyl chloride developed was removed.
Harpiksene A, B og C ble fremstilt ved å bruke en blanding av lauroylperoksyd og di-2-etylheksylperoksydikar-bonat som initiator og metylcellulose som suspensjonsmiddel. Harpiks D ble fremstilt ved å bruke den initiator som ble brukt ved fremstilling av harpiks A, hydroksypropylmetylcellulose som suspensjonsmiddel og trikloretylen som kjedeoverfør-ingsmiddel. Harpiks E ble fremstilt ved å bruke samme initiator og suspensjonsmiddel som ved fremstilling av harpiks D. Resins A, B and C were prepared using a mixture of lauroyl peroxide and di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate as initiator and methyl cellulose as suspending agent. Resin D was prepared using the initiator used in the preparation of resin A, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as suspending agent and trichlorethylene as chain transfer agent. Resin E was prepared using the same initiator and suspending agent as in the preparation of resin D.
Hvert av eksemplene i tabell 1 med unntak av eksempel 10, angår laboratoriebehandling hvor prøvene av suspensjonen veide fra ca 500 til ca 1000 g. Eksempel 10 representerer et prøveanlegg hvor man behandlet ca 20 1 av suspensjonen. I hvert av eksemplene bortsett fra 10 og 15, var den anvendte suspensjon en kommerisiell suspensjon fremstilt ved vanlig lavtemperatur og vakuumbehandling for å fjerne uomsatt vinyl-kloridmonomer (VCM). Each of the examples in table 1, with the exception of example 10, relates to laboratory treatment where the samples of the suspension weighed from about 500 to about 1000 g. Example 10 represents a test facility where about 20 1 of the suspension was treated. In each of the examples except 10 and 15, the suspension used was a commercial suspension prepared by conventional low temperature and vacuum treatment to remove unreacted vinyl chloride monomer (VCM).
I tabell 1 er VCM-konsentrasjonene angitt som vinylklorid monomer i ppm, basert på vekten av harpiksen. In Table 1, the VCM concentrations are given as vinyl chloride monomer in ppm, based on the weight of the resin.
Sammenligning av resultatene viser fordelen ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse. Comparison of the results shows the advantage according to the present invention.
Eksempel 12 - 14. Example 12 - 14.
I hvert av eksemplene fra 12 - 14 ble en vandig suspensjon av en kopolymer av vinylklorid og vinylacetat (vinylacetatinnhold ca. 8-16 vekt-%) oppvarmet og omrørt ved de gitte temperaturer og trykk, og den utviklede vinyl-kloridmonomer ble fjernet. Suspensjonen inneholdt ca. 30 vekt-% av kopolymeren. In each of Examples 12-14, an aqueous suspension of a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate (vinyl acetate content about 8-16% by weight) was heated and stirred at the given temperatures and pressures, and the developed vinyl chloride monomer was removed. The suspension contained approx. 30% by weight of the copolymer.
Harpiks F ble fremstilt ved å bruke en blanding av lauroylperoksyd og di-2-etylheksylperoksydikarbonat som initiator og hydroksypropylmetylcellulose som suspensjonsmiddel. Harpiks G ble fremstilt ved å bruke lauroylperoksyd som initiator, gelatin som suspensjonsmiddel og trikloretylen som kjedeoverføringsmiddel. Resin F was prepared using a mixture of lauroyl peroxide and di-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate as initiator and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose as suspending agent. Resin G was prepared using lauroyl peroxide as initiator, gelatin as suspending agent and trichlorethylene as chain transfer agent.
Eksemplene 12 - 14 var laboratorieforsøk, hvor den mengde suspensjon som ble behandlet, var mellom 500 og 1000 g. I hvert av eksemplene 12 - 14 var den behandlede suspensjon en vanlig suspensjon fremstilt ved vanlig lavtemperatur og vakuumbehandling av harpiksen for å fjerne vinylklorid. Examples 12 - 14 were laboratory experiments, where the amount of suspension that was treated was between 500 and 1000 g. In each of Examples 12 - 14, the treated suspension was a normal suspension prepared by normal low temperature and vacuum treatment of the resin to remove vinyl chloride.
I tabell 2 så er VCM-konsentrasjonene angitt i ppm basert på vekten av harpiksen. In table 2, the VCM concentrations are given in ppm based on the weight of the resin.
Eksempel 15. Example 15.
I dette eksempel ble en vandig suspensjon inneholdende ca. 30 vekt-% polyvinylklorid tilsatt 5 vekt-% vinylacetat, basert på den opprinnelige vekt av suspensjonen, og vinylklorid ble fjernet ved fordampning. Temperaturer, trykk, fordampningstider og resultater er angitt i tabell 3. In this example, an aqueous suspension containing approx. 30 wt.% polyvinyl chloride added 5 wt.% vinyl acetate, based on the original weight of the suspension, and vinyl chloride was removed by evaporation. Temperatures, pressures, evaporation times and results are given in Table 3.
I tabell 3 er VCM-konsentrasjonene angitt i ppm (vekt/vekt), basert på harpiksens vekt. Harpiksen ble fremstilt ved å bruke en blanding av lauroylperoksyd og d-2-etyl-heksylperoksydikarbonat som initiator, hydroksypropylmetylcellulose som suspensjonsmiddel,og trikloretylen som kjede-overf øringsmidde . I tabell 3 angår eksemplet en laboratoriebehandling hvor man behandlet en 5 00 g's prøve. In Table 3, the VCM concentrations are given in ppm (w/w), based on the weight of the resin. The resin was prepared using a mixture of lauroyl peroxide and d-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate as initiator, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as suspending agent, and trichlorethylene as chain transfer agent. In table 3, the example concerns a laboratory treatment where a 500 g sample was treated.
Eksemplene 16 - 18. Examples 16 - 18.
I hvert av disse eksemplene ble en vandig suspensjon av en kopolymer av vinylklorid og vinylacetat (vinylacetatinnhold fra ca 8 - 16 vekt-%) oppvarmet og omrørt ved de angitte temperaturer og trykk, og den utviklede vinylklorid ble fjernet. In each of these examples, an aqueous suspension of a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate (vinyl acetate content from about 8-16% by weight) was heated and stirred at the indicated temperatures and pressures, and the developed vinyl chloride was removed.
Harpiks K ble fremstilt ved å bruke initiatoren som angitt for harpiks H og suspensjonsmidlet som angitt for harpiks I. Harpiks L ble fremstilt ved å bruke lauroylperoksyd som initiator, gelatin som suspensjonsmiddel og trikloretylen som et kjedeoverføringsmiddel. I alle disse eksemplene brukte man en 500 g's prøve av suspensjonen. Resin K was prepared using the initiator as indicated for resin H and the suspending agent as indicated for resin I. Resin L was prepared using lauroyl peroxide as the initiator, gelatin as the suspending agent and trichlorethylene as a chain transfer agent. In all these examples a 500 g sample of the suspension was used.
I tabell 4 har VCM-konsentrasjonene samme betydning som i tabell 3. I eksemplene 16-18 ble det tilsatte vinylacetat i alt vesentlig fjernet fra harpiksen. In Table 4, the VCM concentrations have the same meaning as in Table 3. In Examples 16-18, the added vinyl acetate was essentially removed from the resin.
Eksempel 19. Example 19.
Den brukte harpiks var en tørket, kommersiell homopolymer av vinylklorid, fremstilt ved suspensjonsprosessen i det man brukte en kombinasjon av lauroylperoksyd og di-2-etylheksylperoksydikarbonat som initiator og hydroksypropylmetylcellulose som suspensjonsmiddel, og nevnte harpiks hadde et VCM innhold på 145 ppm. The resin used was a dried, commercial homopolymer of vinyl chloride, prepared by the suspension process in which a combination of lauroyl peroxide and di-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate was used as initiator and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as suspending agent, and said resin had a VCM content of 145 ppm.
Homopolymeren ble blandet med 400 ml vann i en 1-liters kolbe, hvoretter man fikk en suspensjon som inneholdt 35 vekt-% faste stoffer. Suspensjonen ble så tilsatt 50 ml metylenklorid. Blandingen ble dampdestillert for å fjerne alt metylenklorid, hvoretter .harpiksen ble utskilt ved filt-rering og tørket ved 4 0°C over natten. Den tørkede harpiks hadde et vinylklorid monomer-innhold som ikke lot seg påvise ved gasskromatografi. The homopolymer was mixed with 400 ml of water in a 1 liter flask, after which a suspension containing 35% by weight of solids was obtained. To the suspension was then added 50 ml of methylene chloride. The mixture was steam distilled to remove all methylene chloride, after which the resin was separated by filtration and dried at 40°C overnight. The dried resin had a vinyl chloride monomer content that could not be detected by gas chromatography.
Eksempel 20. Example 20.
200 g av en suspensjon som inneholdt 35 vekt-% poly- 200 g of a suspension containing 35% by weight poly-
vinylklorid og 9000 ppm vinylklorid ble oppvarmet og omrørt ved 8 0°C i 3 timer. vinyl chloride and 9000 ppm vinyl chloride were heated and stirred at 80°C for 3 hours.
Prøver ble tatt ut etter 1 , 2 og 3 timer og tørket over natten ved 50°C. De tørkede prøver inneholdt 13 ppm, Samples were taken out after 1, 2 and 3 hours and dried overnight at 50°C. The dried samples contained 13 ppm,
7 ppm, henholdsvis mindre enn 5 ppm vinylklorid. 7 ppm, respectively less than 5 ppm vinyl chloride.
Eksempel 21. Example 21.
En vandig suspensjon inneholdende 30 vekt-% av en kommersiell vinylkloridhomopolymer ble fremstilt ved suspensjonspolymerisering idet man brukte en blanding av lauroylperoksyd og di-2-etylheksylperoksydikarbonat som initiatoren, hydroksypropylmetylcellulose som suspenderingsmiddel og trikloretylen som et kjedeoverføringsmiddel. Suspensjonen inneholdt 1212 ppm vinylklorid basert på vekten av homopolymeren. An aqueous suspension containing 30% by weight of a commercial vinyl chloride homopolymer was prepared by suspension polymerization using a mixture of lauroyl peroxide and di-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate as the initiator, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as suspending agent and trichlorethylene as a chain transfer agent. The suspension contained 1212 ppm vinyl chloride based on the weight of the homopolymer.
En prøve av suspensjonen ble omrørt og oppvarmet ved 8 5°C i 4 timer i en 1-liters rundkolbe utstyrt med en luft-kjøler. Suspensjonen ble så filtrert og tørket over natten ved 50°C. Den tørkede harpiksen hadde et VCM-innhold på 8 ppm. A sample of the suspension was stirred and heated at 85°C for 4 hours in a 1 liter round bottom flask equipped with an air cooler. The suspension was then filtered and dried overnight at 50°C. The dried resin had a VCM content of 8 ppm.
Eksempel 22. Example 22.
Fremgangsmåten fra eksempel 21 ble gjentatt, men man brukte en temperatur på 75°C istedenfor 85°C, og homopolymeren ble fremstilt med et initiatorsystem fra eksempel 20 med hydroksymetylcellulose som suspensjonsmiddel. Prøver ble tatt ut etter 1, 2, 3 og 4 timer, og etter tørking over natten hadde nevnte prøver et VCM-innhold på 9 ppm, 7 ppm, henholdsvis, og et innhold som ikke lot seg påvise ved gasskromatografi. The procedure from example 21 was repeated, but a temperature of 75°C was used instead of 85°C, and the homopolymer was prepared with an initiator system from example 20 with hydroxymethyl cellulose as suspending agent. Samples were taken after 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours, and after drying overnight said samples had a VCM content of 9 ppm, 7 ppm, respectively, and a content that could not be detected by gas chromatography.
Suspensjonen ble omrørt og oppvarmet ved 85°C, og de prøver som ble tatt etter 1 og 2 timer hadde VCM-konsentra-sjoner på 7 henholdsvis 3 ppm etter tørking ved 50°C over natten. The suspension was stirred and heated at 85°C, and the samples taken after 1 and 2 hours had VCM concentrations of 7 and 3 ppm, respectively, after drying at 50°C overnight.
Eksempel 23. Example 23.
En vannsuspensjon av en kommersiell homopolymer av vinylklorid fremstilt ved å bruke lauroylperoksyd og di-2-etylheksylperoksydikarbonat som initiator og metylcellulose som suspensjonsmiddel, ble oppvarmet og rørt i en trehalset rundkolbe ved 80°C under et vakuum på 400 mm Hg. Vinylklorid-konsentrasjonen -i utgangssuspensjonen var 4663 ppm, basert på vekten av suspensjonen. Prøver av suspensjonen ble tatt ut av kolben etter oppvarming som beskrevet ovenfor etter 1, 2 og 3 timer henholdsvis, og disse prøver hadde VCM-innhold på i 20 ppm, ikke påvist og ikke påvist henholdsvis. An aqueous suspension of a commercial homopolymer of vinyl chloride prepared using lauroyl peroxide and di-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate as initiator and methyl cellulose as suspending agent was heated and stirred in a three-necked round bottom flask at 80°C under a vacuum of 400 mm Hg. The vinyl chloride concentration in the starting suspension was 4663 ppm, based on the weight of the suspension. Samples of the suspension were taken out of the flask after heating as described above after 1, 2 and 3 hours respectively, and these samples had VCM content of i 20 ppm, not detected and not detected respectively.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US48211374A | 1974-06-24 | 1974-06-24 | |
US48211274A | 1974-06-24 | 1974-06-24 | |
US05/482,115 US4015064A (en) | 1974-06-24 | 1974-06-24 | Manufacture of polyvinyl chloride of low vinyl chloride monomer content |
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NO752251L NO752251L (en) | 1975-12-30 |
NO148781B true NO148781B (en) | 1983-09-05 |
NO148781C NO148781C (en) | 1983-12-14 |
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NO752251A NO148781C (en) | 1974-06-24 | 1975-06-24 | PROCEDURE FOR THE REMOVAL OF VINYL CHLORIDE FROM Aqueous SUSPENSION |
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JP (1) | JPS6037125B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU497851B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR7503870A (en) |
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DE (1) | DE2527583A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2276324A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL47420A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1040659B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7507527A (en) |
NO (1) | NO148781C (en) |
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US4220754A (en) * | 1976-05-25 | 1980-09-02 | Tenneco Chemicals, Inc. | Process for the purification of polyvinyl chloride with oxidizing agents |
US4228273A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1980-10-14 | Tenneco Chemicals, Inc. | Process for the removal of vinyl chloride from aqueous dispersions of vinyl chloride resins |
JPS6234717U (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-02-28 |
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US2662867A (en) * | 1951-03-29 | 1953-12-15 | Goodrich Co B F | Method of stabilizing aqueous dispersions of haloethylene polymers |
NL99391C (en) * | 1956-10-09 | |||
BE579094A (en) * | 1958-05-30 | |||
BE668137A (en) * | 1965-08-11 | 1966-02-11 | ||
IT989178B (en) * | 1972-07-19 | 1975-05-20 | Solvay | PROCEDURE TO ELIMINATE RESIDUAL VINYL CHLORIDE PRESENT IN POLI MERI |
DE2429777C3 (en) * | 1974-06-21 | 1988-09-08 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Process for removing unreacted residual vinyl chloride from aqueous dispersions of vinyl chloride polymers |
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1975
- 1975-06-03 IL IL47420A patent/IL47420A/en unknown
- 1975-06-19 IT IT50131/75A patent/IT1040659B/en active
- 1975-06-20 BR BR4977/75D patent/BR7503870A/en unknown
- 1975-06-20 DE DE19752527583 patent/DE2527583A1/en active Granted
- 1975-06-23 SE SE7507163A patent/SE419650B/en unknown
- 1975-06-23 CA CA000229921A patent/CA1280532C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1975-06-23 JP JP50075805A patent/JPS6037125B2/en not_active Expired
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1979
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AU497851B2 (en) | 1979-01-18 |
DE2527583C2 (en) | 1989-05-24 |
JPS5117288A (en) | 1976-02-12 |
BR7503870A (en) | 1976-07-06 |
AU8234675A (en) | 1977-01-06 |
SE7507163L (en) | 1975-12-29 |
SE425909B (en) | 1982-11-22 |
NL7507527A (en) | 1975-12-30 |
CA1280532C (en) | 1991-02-19 |
FR2276324B1 (en) | 1979-04-13 |
SE419650B (en) | 1981-08-17 |
SE7902777L (en) | 1979-03-28 |
IT1040659B (en) | 1979-12-20 |
NO752251L (en) | 1975-12-30 |
NO148781C (en) | 1983-12-14 |
IL47420A (en) | 1978-07-31 |
DE2527583A1 (en) | 1976-01-15 |
JPS6037125B2 (en) | 1985-08-24 |
IL47420A0 (en) | 1975-08-31 |
FR2276324A1 (en) | 1976-01-23 |
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