NO762793L - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO762793L NO762793L NO762793A NO762793A NO762793L NO 762793 L NO762793 L NO 762793L NO 762793 A NO762793 A NO 762793A NO 762793 A NO762793 A NO 762793A NO 762793 L NO762793 L NO 762793L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- vinyl chloride
- latex
- dispersion
- slurry
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001872 inorganic gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)Cl AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6-pentaoxepane-5,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OOOOC(=O)O1 BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical group N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 ethylene, propylene, ethyl Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHMCJDYKBVWSLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCC(C)(C)C(=O)OO Chemical group CCCCCC(C)(C)C(=O)OO MHMCJDYKBVWSLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVFJGQJXAWCHIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CBr)C=C1 FVFJGQJXAWCHIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSIMBWBBOJPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C AFSIMBWBBOJPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical class [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/001—Removal of residual monomers by physical means
- C08F6/003—Removal of residual monomers by physical means from polymer solutions, suspensions, dispersions or emulsions without recovery of the polymer therefrom
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte The present invention relates to a method
for rensing av polyvinylklorid. for purification of polyvinyl chloride.
Mere spesielt angår den en fremgangsmåte for fjerning av gjenværende vinylklorid fra polyvinylkloriddispersjoner, More particularly, it relates to a process for removing residual vinyl chloride from polyvinyl chloride dispersions,
-latekser og -oppslemminger. -latexes and slurries.
Når vinylklorid polymeriseres i et vandig medium When vinyl chloride is polymerized in an aqueous medium
ved suspensjonspolymerisering eller emulsjonspolymerisering, by suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization,
oppnås det en dispersjon, lateks eller oppslemming som inne- a dispersion, latex or slurry is obtained which contains
holder fra 5-50 vekt-% og i de fleste tilfelle fra 15-40 vekt-% polyvinylklorid. Den inneholder også opptil 5 vekt-% gjenvær- contains from 5-50% by weight and in most cases from 15-40% by weight polyvinyl chloride. It also contains up to 5% by weight of residual
ende vinylklorid. Mesteparten av den ikke-omsatte monomer blir vanligvis fjernet ved oppvarming av dispersjonen, lateksen eller oppslemmingen under et redusert trykk til ca. 65°C. Slik den vanligvis gjennomføres, reduserer denne stripping monomerinnholdet til omkring 1000 ppm til 20.000 ppm. Ytterligere behandling gir tørkede produkter som kan inneholde 500 ppm eller mere monomer. end vinyl chloride. Most of the unreacted monomer is usually removed by heating the dispersion, latex or slurry under reduced pressure to about 65°C. As usually carried out, this stripping reduces the monomer content to about 1000 ppm to 20,000 ppm. Further treatment yields dried products which may contain 500 ppm or more monomer.
I lys av de nylig gitte sikkerhetsstadarder som krever at mengden av vinylklorid i polyvinylklorid og i den atmosfære som innåndes av arbeidere, holdes på meget lave nivåer, In light of the recently issued safety standards which require that the amount of vinyl chloride in polyvinyl chloride and in the atmosphere breathed by workers be kept at very low levels,
er det nødvendig at monomerinnholdet i dispersjoner, latekser og oppslemminger reduseres tilstrekkelig slik at disse krav kan imøtekommes. is it necessary that the monomer content in dispersions, latexes and slurries be reduced sufficiently so that these requirements can be met.
Det er foreslått et antall fremgangsmåter for fjerning av gjenværende monomer fra polyvinylkloriddispersjoner, latekser og oppslemminger, men ingen av disse har vist seg å A number of methods have been proposed for the removal of residual monomer from polyvinyl chloride dispersions, latexes and slurries, but none of these have been shown to
være fullstendig tilfredsstillende. Fremgangsmåter som omfatter oppvarming til temperaturer over 65°C eller anvendelse av høy skjærkraftpåvirkning er virksomme når det gjelder redusering av vinylkloridinnholdet til lave nivåer, men har en ugunstig virkning på stabiliteten og filtrerbarheten for dispersjonen eller be completely satisfactory. Processes involving heating to temperatures above 65°C or the application of high shear action are effective in reducing the vinyl chloride content to low levels, but have an adverse effect on the stability and filterability of the dispersion or
lateksen og på den funksjonelle ytelse for det tørkede produkt. the latex and on the functional performance of the dried product.
I tillegg skaper den skumming som ofte opptrer ved forhøyede temperaturer alvorlige behandlingsproblemer. Andre fremgangsmåter, f.esk. spyling med inert gass og lavtemperatur-stripping, gir enten ikke en tilstrekkelig reduksjon av monomerinnholdet til detønskede meget lave nivå, eller de er for langsomme til å være kommersielt praktiske. In addition, the foaming that often occurs at elevated temperatures creates serious processing problems. Other methods, e.g. inert gas flushing and low temperature stripping, either do not sufficiently reduce the monomer content to the desired very low level, or are too slow to be commercially practical.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen er det utviklet en forbedret fremgangsmåte for fjerning av restmonomerer fra polyvinylklorid-dispers joner , latekser og oppslemminger. Denne fremgangsmåte reduserer hurtig vinylkloridinnholdet i dispersjoner, latekser eller oppslemminger uten å påvirke stabiliteten eller andre egenskaper eller egenskapene i det tørkede polymer. Til for-skjell fra mange av de tidligere kjente monomerfjerningsprosesser, gjør fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen dispersjonene, lateksene eller oppslemmingene ikke ustabile ved forandring av partikkel-størrelsesfordelingen av polyvinylklorid og har således ikke en ugunstig virkning på filtrerbarheten eller på behandlings- og tørkingsegenskapene for den våte polymerkake. According to the invention, an improved method has been developed for removing residual monomers from polyvinyl chloride dispersions, latexes and slurries. This method rapidly reduces the vinyl chloride content of dispersions, latexes or slurries without affecting the stability or other properties or properties of the dried polymer. Unlike many of the previously known monomer removal processes, the process according to the invention does not make the dispersions, latexes or slurries unstable by changing the particle size distribution of polyvinyl chloride and thus does not have an adverse effect on the filterability or on the processing and drying properties of the wet polymer cake .
Ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen blir en dispersjon, lateks eller oppslemming som inneholder fra 5-50 vekt-% polyvinylklorid og fra 1000-20.000 vektdeler vinylklorid pr. million deler dispersjon, lateks eller oppslemming, holdt under underatmosfærisk trykk mens den spyles med en organisk eller uorganisk gass eller med en organisk forbindelse som er flytende under prosessbetingelsene som benyttes, og hvori vinylklorid i det minste moderat er oppløselig. In the method according to the invention, a dispersion, latex or slurry containing from 5-50% by weight of polyvinyl chloride and from 1000-20,000 parts by weight of vinyl chloride per parts per million dispersion, latex or slurry, maintained at subatmospheric pressure while being flushed with an organic or inorganic gas or with an organic compound which is liquid under the process conditions employed, and in which vinyl chloride is at least moderately soluble.
Etter denne behandling blir dispersjonen, lateksen eller oppslemmingen behandlet ytterligere til et fast produkt som inneholder mindre enn 10 ppm og i de fleste tilfelle mindre enn 1 ppm vinylklorid. Monomeren og det gassformige eller flyktige flytende spylemedium fjernes gjennom vakuumsystem. After this treatment, the dispersion, latex or slurry is further processed to a solid product containing less than 10 ppm and in most cases less than 1 ppm of vinyl chloride. The monomer and the gaseous or volatile liquid flushing medium are removed through a vacuum system.
Disse kan hvis ønskelig, gjenvinnes og tilbakeføres. Flytende spylemedium som ikke er flyktig under prosessbetingelsene som benyttes, forblir i lateksen eller oppslemmingen. These can, if desired, be recovered and returned. Liquid flushing medium that is not volatile under the process conditions used remains in the latex or slurry.
Under fjerningen av vinylklorid ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen blir dispersjonen, lateksen eller oppslemmingen holdt ved en temperatur mellom 20°C og den temperatur der egenskapene ugunstig påvirkes eller ved hvilken vann i dispersjonen vil koke, og ved et trykk mellom ca. 100 mm og 600 mm kvikksølv absolutt, fortrinnsvis ved et trykk mellom 125 og 500 mm kvikksølv absolutt. *. During the removal of vinyl chloride by the method according to the invention, the dispersion, latex or slurry is kept at a temperature between 20°C and the temperature at which the properties are adversely affected or at which water in the dispersion will boil, and at a pressure between approx. 100 mm and 600 mm of mercury absolute, preferably at a pressure between 125 and 500 mm of mercury absolute. *.
Spylingen kan utføres ved en hvilken som helst fremgangsmåte som gir maksimal kontakt mellom polyvinylklorid-partiklene og spylemediet. Det gjøres fortrinnsvis ved å føre spylemediet gjennom en eller flere difusører som er anbragt under overflaten av dispersjonen, lateksen eller oppslemmingen. The flushing can be carried out by any method which provides maximum contact between the polyvinyl chloride particles and the flushing medium. This is preferably done by passing the flushing medium through one or more diffusers which are placed below the surface of the dispersion, latex or slurry.
Det kan anvendes et antall spylemedier for å fjerne vinylklorid fra polyvinylkloriddispersjoner, latekser og oppslemminger. Disse omfatter både organiske og uorganiske gasser og organiske forbindelser som er flytende under prosessbetingelsene, og hvori vinylklorid i det minste moderat er oppløselig. De foretrukne gasser er de som ikke reagere med noen av kompo-nentene i dispersjonen, lateksen eller oppslemmingen, og som lett kan gjenvinnes fra avgass-strømmen. Eksempler på slike gasser er nitrogen, luft, ammoniakk, karbondioksyd, klor, metan, etan, propan, butan, naturgass, trifluorklormetan o.l. De foretrukne flytende spylemedier er de hvis damptrykkegenskaper er slik at de destilleres av før eller samtidig med vann under prosessbetingelsene. Blant flytende spylemedier som kan benyttes skal nevnes vinylacetat, vinylpropionat, n-butylakrylat, etyl-acetat, pentan, cykloheksan, benzen, toluen, xylen, penten, metanol, etano, isopropanol, dietyleter, metylvinyleter, akrylnitril, nitrometan, metylklorid, metylenklorid, kloroform, karbontetra-klorid, trikloretylen, aceton, metyletylketon, metylvinylketon, dioksan, furan, butylenoksyd o.l., samt blandinger derav. A number of flushing agents can be used to remove vinyl chloride from polyvinyl chloride dispersions, latexes and slurries. These include both organic and inorganic gases and organic compounds which are liquid under the process conditions, and in which vinyl chloride is at least moderately soluble. The preferred gases are those which do not react with any of the components of the dispersion, latex or slurry, and which can be easily recovered from the off-gas stream. Examples of such gases are nitrogen, air, ammonia, carbon dioxide, chlorine, methane, ethane, propane, butane, natural gas, trifluorochloromethane etc. The preferred liquid flushing media are those whose vapor pressure properties are such that they are distilled off before or simultaneously with water under the process conditions. Among the liquid flushing media that can be used should be mentioned vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acetate, pentane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, pentene, methanol, ethano, isopropanol, diethyl ether, methyl vinyl ether, acrylonitrile, nitromethane, methyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl vinyl ketone, dioxane, furan, butylene oxide and the like, as well as mixtures thereof.
Mengden av spylemedium som benyttes og den hastig-het med hvilken den innføres, er slik at det bevirkes hurtig fjerning av vinylklorid uten å forårsake skumming eller andre behandlingsproblemer. Faktorene er avhengig av andre faktorer som mengden av dispersjon, lateks eller oppslemming som renses, vinylkloridinnholdet og de andre foreliggende prosessbetingelser. Den optimale mengde av spylemedium og den optimale spylehastighet for hver dispersjon, lateks eller oppslemming og for hvert sett prosessbetingelser kan lett bestemmes ved foregående forsøk. The amount of flushing medium used and the speed with which it is introduced is such that vinyl chloride is quickly removed without causing foaming or other treatment problems. The factors depend on other factors such as the amount of dispersion, latex or slurry being cleaned, the vinyl chloride content and the other process conditions present. The optimum amount of flushing medium and the optimum flushing speed for each dispersion, latex or slurry and for each set of process conditions can be easily determined by previous experiments.
I en foretrukket utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen benyttes fremgangsmåten til å fjerne vinylklorid fra dispersjoner og latekser som inneholder polyvinylkloridpartikler innen størrel-sesområdet ca. 0,01ym til 5 ym og fortrinnsvis fra 0,05 ym til 2 ym. Disse dispersjoner og latekser kan ikke underkastes frem- In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method is used to remove vinyl chloride from dispersions and latexes containing polyvinyl chloride particles in the size range approx. 0.01 um to 5 um and preferably from 0.05 um to 2 um. These dispersions and latexes cannot be submitted to
k k
gangsmåter som omfatter oppvarming til temperaturer til over 65°C fordi en slik behandling har en ugunstig virkning på stabiliteten, på de fysikalske egenskaper og på filtrerbarheten samt på kvaliteten av det tørkede polymer. I tillegg skaper den skumming som opptrer ved forhøyde temperaturer alvorlige behandlingsproblemer. Disse dispersjoner og latekser holdes fortrinnsvis ved en temperatur mellom 40 og 60°C og et trykk mellom 100 og 500 mm kvikksølv absolutt under spylingen. Blant de spylemedier som processes involving heating to temperatures above 65°C because such treatment has an adverse effect on the stability, on the physical properties and on the filterability as well as on the quality of the dried polymer. In addition, the foaming that occurs at elevated temperatures creates serious processing problems. These dispersions and latexes are preferably kept at a temperature between 40 and 60°C and a pressure between 100 and 500 mm of mercury absolutely during the flushing. Among the flushing media that
er av spesiell verdi for fjerning av vinylklorid fra disse polyvinylkloriddispersjoner og latekser er nitrogen, ammoniakk, luft, are of particular value for the removal of vinyl chloride from these polyvinyl chloride dispersions and latexes are nitrogen, ammonia, air,
karbondioksyd, klor, trifkluorklormetan, metan, propan, naturgass, vinylacetat, metanol og blandinger derav. Spesielt fordelaktige resultater er oppnådd når dispersjonen eller lateksen ble holdt ved en temperatur mellom 45 og 55°C og et trykk mellom 125 og 400 mm kvikksølv absolutt under spyling med nitrogen eller ammoniakk. carbon dioxide, chlorine, trichlorochloromethane, methane, propane, natural gas, vinyl acetate, methanol and mixtures thereof. Particularly advantageous results have been obtained when the dispersion or latex was maintained at a temperature between 45 and 55°C and a pressure between 125 and 400 mm of mercury absolute while purging with nitrogen or ammonia.
Hastigheten med hvilken vinylklorid fjernes fra polyvinylkloriddispersjoner og latekser kan forbedres ved til disse å sette fra 2-8 vekt-%, fortrinnsvis ca. 4 vekt-%,.av en polar, vannoppløselig organisk forbindelse som har et kokepunkt mellom omkring 50 og 150°C, fortrinnsvis mellom 75 og 100°C. Blant de mest effektive av disse additiver er acetonitril og di-metylformamid. The rate at which vinyl chloride is removed from polyvinyl chloride dispersions and latexes can be improved by adding to these from 2-8% by weight, preferably approx. 4% by weight of a polar, water-soluble organic compound having a boiling point between about 50 and 150°C, preferably between 75 and 100°C. Among the most effective of these additives are acetonitrile and dimethylformamide.
I en annen foretrukket utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen benyttes fremgangsmåten til å fjerne vinylklorid fra vand-ige oppslemminger som inneholder polyvinylkloridpartikler innen området 5 ym til 200 ym. Oppslemmingene holdes fortrinnsvis ved en temperatur mellom ca. 60°C og kokepunktet og ved et trykk mellom 100 og 600 mm kvikksølv absolutt under spylingen. Det er spesielt foretrukket at oppslemmingene holdes ved en temperatur mellom 70°C og kokepunktet og ved et trykk mellom 400 og 500 mm kvikksølv absolutt mens de spyles med luft, nitrogen eller en hydrokarbongass slik som metan, etan, propan eller blandinger derav. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the method is used to remove vinyl chloride from aqueous slurries containing polyvinyl chloride particles within the range of 5 µm to 200 µm. The slurries are preferably kept at a temperature between approx. 60°C and the boiling point and at a pressure between 100 and 600 mm of mercury absolutely during the flushing. It is particularly preferred that the slurries are maintained at a temperature between 70°C and the boiling point and at a pressure between 400 and 500 mm of mercury absolute while being purged with air, nitrogen or a hydrocarbon gas such as methane, ethane, propane or mixtures thereof.
Slik det er brukt heri omfatter uttrykket "polyvinylklorid" både homopolymerer med høy molekylvekt av vinylklorid og kopolymerer med høy molekylvekt dannet ved kopolymeri-sering av vinylklorid med et i det vesentlige vannuoppløselig étylenisk umettet monomer som kan kopolymereiseres med vinylklorid. Egnede komonomerer omfatter vinylacetat, vinylpropionat, vinylbutyrat, vinylstearat, vinylbenzoat, etylen, propylen, etylakrylat, akrylsyre, akrylamid, akrylnitril, metakrylnitril, vinylidenklorid, dialkylfumaratér og maleater, vinyletere o.l. Hvis en eller flere av disse komonomerer benyttes, inneholder monomerkomponenten minst 70% og fortrinnsvis 80-90% vinylklorid. As used herein, the term "polyvinyl chloride" includes both high molecular weight homopolymers of vinyl chloride and high molecular weight copolymers formed by copolymerization of vinyl chloride with a substantially water-insoluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer that can be copolymerized with vinyl chloride. Suitable comonomers include vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl stearate, vinyl benzoate, ethylene, propylene, ethyl acrylate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride, dialkyl fumarates and maleates, vinyl ethers and the like. If one or more of these comonomers are used, the monomer component contains at least 70% and preferably 80-90% vinyl chloride.
Polyvinylkloriddispersjonene, -lateksene og -oppslemmingene som behandles ifølge fremgangsmåten i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse for å fjerne gjenværende vinylklorid fra dem," kan fremstilles ved velkjente suspensjons- eller emulsjonspolymeriseringsprosesser. Ved suspensjonspolymeriserings-prosessene blir monomeren suspendert i vann ved hjelp av et suspensjonsmiddel og omrøring. Polymeriseringen initieres ved hjelp av en egnet fri radikaldannénde polymeriseringsinitiator slik som lauroylperoksyd, benzoylperoksyd, diisopropylperoksydi-karbonat, di-2-etylheksylperoksydikarbonat, tertiært butylperoksy-pivalat, azobisisobutyronitril, azobis-2,4-dimetylvaleronitril og blandinger derav. Suspesjonsmidler som kan benyttes omfatter metylcellulose, hydroksymetylcellulose, hydroksyetylcellulose, hydrolysert polyvinylacetat, gelatin, metylvinyleter-maleimsyre-anhydridkopolymerer o.l. I emulsjonspolymeriseringsprosesser kan polymeriseringsinitiatoren være hydrogenperoksyd, et organisk peroksyd, et persulfat eller et redokssystem. Overflateaktive stoffer slik som alkylsulfater, alkansulfonater, alkylarylsulfo-nater og fettsyresåper benyttes som emulgeringsmidler i disse prosesser. En foretrukket fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av disse polymerer er beskrevet i US-patent nr. 2.981.722. The polyvinyl chloride dispersions, latexes and slurries which are treated according to the method according to the present invention to remove residual vinyl chloride from them" can be prepared by well-known suspension or emulsion polymerization processes. In the suspension polymerization processes, the monomer is suspended in water by means of a suspending agent and stirring The polymerization is initiated by means of a suitable free radical-forming polymerization initiator such as lauroyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, diisopropylperoxydicarbonate, di-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate, tertiary butylperoxypivalate, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile and mixtures thereof. Suspending agents that can be used include methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate, gelatin, methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymers etc. In emulsion polymerization processes, the polymerization initiator can be hydrogen peroxide, an organic peroxide d, a persulfate or a redox system. Surface-active substances such as alkyl sulphates, alkanesulphonates, alkylarylsulphonates and fatty acid soaps are used as emulsifiers in these processes. A preferred method for producing these polymers is described in US patent no. 2,981,722.
Reaksjonsblandinger som fremstilles ved disse prosesser oppvarmes vanligvis under vakuum til omkring 60-65°C for å fjerne mesteparten av ikke-omsatt monomer. De resulterende strippede dispersjoner, latekser og oppslemminger inneholder vanligvis 5-50 og fortrinnsvis 15-40 vekt-% polyvinylklorid som partikler med et størrelsesområde fra omkring 0,1 ym til 200 ym og fra omkring 1000 ppm til 20.000 ppm vinylklorid. Etter fjerningen av vinylklorid ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen kan dispersjonen, lateksen eller oppslemmingen avvannes, f.eks. Reaction mixtures produced by these processes are usually heated under vacuum to about 60-65°C to remove most of the unreacted monomer. The resulting stripped dispersions, latexes and slurries generally contain 5-50 and preferably 15-40 wt% polyvinyl chloride as particles ranging in size from about 0.1 µm to 200 µm and from about 1000 ppm to 20,000 ppm vinyl chloride. After the removal of vinyl chloride by the method according to the invention, the dispersion, latex or slurry can be dewatered, e.g.
på et roterende trommelfilter og deretter tørkes, eller det kan forstøvningstørkes. Polyvinylkloridet som er fremstilt på denne måte har et vinylkloridinnhold på under 10 ppm og i mange tilfelle under 1 ppm. Det kan ytterligere behandles uten å representerer en helserisiko. on a rotary drum filter and then dried, or it can be spray dried. The polyvinyl chloride produced in this way has a vinyl chloride content of less than 10 ppm and in many cases less than 1 ppm. It can be further processed without representing a health risk.
Oppfinnelsen skal illustreres ytterligere ved de følgende eksempler. Disse eksempler og ellers i beskrivelsen angir uttrykket "ppm" vektdeler vinylklorid pr. million vektdel- The invention shall be further illustrated by the following examples. In these examples and elsewhere in the description, the expression "ppm" denotes parts by weight of vinyl chloride per million parts by weight
er polymer. is polymer.
Eksempelene 1- 6 A. En serie polyvinylkloridlajtekser og dispers joner Examples 1-6 A. A series of polyvinyl chloride sheets and dispersions
ble fremstilt ved følgende fremgangsmåte: was produced by the following procedure:
En vandig dispersjon inneholdende vinylklorid, en blanding av lauroylperoksyd og di-2-etylheksylperoksydikarbonat som initiator, ammoniumoleat som emulegeringsmiddel og metylcellulose som suspenderingsmiddel ble homogenisert og deretter polymerisert til en lateks eller dispersjon inneholdende mellom 30 og 33% polyvinylklorid i form av partikler innen et størrelses-område fra 0,05 ym til 5 ym. Lateksen eller dispersjonen ble oppvarmet under vakuum til en temperatur under 6 5°C for å An aqueous dispersion containing vinyl chloride, a mixture of lauroyl peroxide and di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate as initiator, ammonium oleate as emulsifier and methyl cellulose as suspending agent was homogenized and then polymerized into a latex or dispersion containing between 30 and 33% polyvinyl chloride in the form of particles within a size -range from 0.05 ym to 5 ym. The latex or dispersion was heated under vacuum to a temperature below 65°C to
redusere vinylkloridinnholdet til under 10.000 ppm. reduce the vinyl chloride content to below 10,000 ppm.
B. Andeler på 1000 g av lateksen eller dispersjonen B. Portions of 1000 g of the latex or dispersion
i 2 1 kolber ble holdt ved underatmosfærisk trykk og spylt med en gass i en mengde på 5,23 l/time. Det ble tatt periodiske prøver og disse ble analysert for å bestemme monomerinnholdet. in 2 L flasks were maintained at subatmospheric pressure and flushed with a gas at a rate of 5.23 L/hr. Periodic samples were taken and these were analyzed to determine the monomer content.
De benyttede betingelser, den benyttede spylegass og de oppnådde resultater er angitt i tabell I. The conditions used, the purge gas used and the results obtained are indicated in table I.
Vinylklorid og spylegass ble fjernet fra avgassen Vinyl chloride and purge gas were removed from the exhaust gas
og tilbakeført. De behandlede latekser eller dispersjoner ble filtrert og avvannet og hvert av de tørkede produkter inneholdt mindre enn 10 ppm vinylklorid. and returned. The treated latexes or dispersions were filtered and dewatered and each of the dried products contained less than 10 ppm vinyl chloride.
C. For sammenligningsformål ble 1000 g andeler av lateksen eller dispersjonen i 2 1 kolber enten spylt med en gass eller underkastet underatmosfærisk trykk for perioder på C. For comparative purposes, 1000 g portions of the latex or dispersion in 2 L flasks were either flushed with a gas or subjected to subatmospheric pressure for periods of
fra 2-40 timer. Det ble tatt periodiske prøver som ble analysert for å bestemme mengden av tilstedeværende monomer. De benyttede betingelser og de oppnådde resultater er angitt i tabell I. from 2-40 hours. Periodic samples were taken and analyzed to determine the amount of monomer present. The conditions used and the results obtained are indicated in Table I.
Fra de i tabell I angitte data fremgår det at fremgangsmåten ifølge, oppfinnelsen er vesentlig mere effektiv enn enten vakuumbehandling eller spyling ved atmosfærisk trykk ved fjerning av vinylklorid fra en polyvinylkloridlateks eller From the data given in Table I, it appears that the method according to the invention is significantly more effective than either vacuum treatment or flushing at atmospheric pressure when removing vinyl chloride from a polyvinyl chloride latex or
-dispersjon. -dispersion.
Eksempel 7 Example 7
Til 1000 g andeler"av en lateks fremstilt ved fremgangsmåten under avsnitt A i eks. 1-6 inneholdende 7680 ppm vinylklorid ble det tilsatt små mengder acetonitril. Den resulterende blanding ble deretter spylt med ammoniakk i en mengde på 6,23 l/time mens det hele ble holdt under underatinos-færisk trykk. Det ble tatt periodiske prøver og disse ble analysert for å bestemme mengden vinylklorid som var fjernet. De anvendte betingelser og de oppnådde resultater er angitt i tabell II. Small amounts of acetonitrile were added to 1000 g portions of a latex prepared by the method under Section A in Ex. 1-6 containing 7680 ppm of vinyl chloride. The resulting mixture was then flushed with ammonia at a rate of 6.23 l/hour while the whole was kept under subatinospheric pressure. Periodic samples were taken and these were analyzed to determine the amount of vinyl chloride removed. The conditions used and the results obtained are set forth in Table II.
Eksemplene 8 og 9 Examples 8 and 9
En vandig oppslemming av polyvinylklorid ble frem^-stilt ved polymerisering av vinylklorid bed bruk av en blanding av lauroylperoksyd og di-2-etylheksylperoksydikarbonat som initiator, hydroksypropylmetylcellulose som suspensjonsmiddel og trikloretylen som kjedeoverføringsmiddel. An aqueous slurry of polyvinyl chloride was prepared by polymerization of vinyl chloride using a mixture of lauroyl peroxide and di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate as initiator, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as suspending agent and trichlorethylene as chain transfer agent.
1000 g andeler av oppslemmingen i 2 1 kolber ble holdt ved 75°C og ved 400 mm Hg absolutt mens de ble spylt med luft. For sammenligningsforholdet ble andeler av oppslemmingen spylt med luft ved atmosfærisk trykk eller underkastet under-atmosf ærisk trykk uten spyling. 1000 g portions of the slurry in 2 L flasks were maintained at 75°C and at 400 mm Hg absolute while being purged with air. For the comparison ratio, portions of the slurry were purged with air at atmospheric pressure or subjected to sub-atmospheric pressure without purging.
De benyttede betingelser og de oppnådde resultater er gitt i tabell III. The conditions used and the results obtained are given in Table III.
Eksempel 10 Example 10
Innvirkningen av molekylvekten av polymer på effektiviteten av vinylkloridf jerning fra oppslemminger ble vist' ved spyling av en serie oppslemminger med nitrogen i en mengde på 56,64 l/time mens de ble holdt ved 75°C og et trykk på 360 mm Hg absolutt. De oppnådde resultater er angitt i tabell IV. The effect of molecular weight of polymer on the efficiency of vinyl chloride removal from slurries was demonstrated by flushing a series of slurries with nitrogen at a rate of 56.64 l/hr while maintained at 75°C and a pressure of 360 mm Hg absolute. The results obtained are indicated in Table IV.
I denne tabell er molekylvektene for polymerene definert ved hjelp av de relative viskositeter. In this table, the molecular weights of the polymers are defined using the relative viscosities.
Fra de i tabell IV angitte data fremgår det at vinylklorid ble fjernet lettes fra oppslemminger som inneholdt polyvinylklorid med den høyeste molekylvekt. From the data given in Table IV, it appears that vinyl chloride was removed more easily from slurries containing polyvinyl chloride with the highest molecular weight.
Eksemplene 11 og 12 Examples 11 and 12
1000 g andeler av en vandig oppslemming som inneholdt 33 vekt-% av en vinylklorid/vinylacetat-kopolymer som 1000 g portions of an aqueous slurry containing 33% by weight of a vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer which
inneholdt omkring 12% vinylacetat, ble spylt med nitrogen i en mengde på 6,23 l/time mens de ble holdt ved underatmosfærisk trykk. De benyttede betingelser og de oppnådde resultater er angitt i tabell V. containing about 12% vinyl acetate, were flushed with nitrogen at a rate of 6.23 L/hr while being held at subatmospheric pressure. The conditions used and the results obtained are indicated in Table V.
Eksempel 13 Example 13
Ca. 115 1 av en oppslemming som inneholdt 35 vekt-% vinylklorid/vinylacetatkopolymer inneholdende omkring 16 vekt-% vinylacetat og som inneholdt omkring 200 ppm vinylklorid ble om- About. 115 1 of a slurry containing 35% by weight vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer containing about 16% by weight vinyl acetate and which contained about 200 ppm vinyl chloride was re-
rørt og holdt ved 90°C og under et trykk på 380 mm Hg absolutt under spyling med vinylacetat i en mengde på omkring 100 g/min. Spylingen ble gjennomført i 30 min. i løpet av hvilket tidsrom avgassen ble ført til en gjenvinningssystem der vinylacetat og vinylklorid ble gjenvunnet.. Etter at spylingen var ferdig, ble oppslemmingen i ytterligere 15 min. holdt ved 90°C/380 mm Hg og deretter avvannet. Den ferdige vinylklorid/vinylacetatkopolymer . inneholdt mindre enn 0,5 ppm vinylklorid. stirred and maintained at 90°C and under a pressure of 380 mm Hg absolute while flushing with vinyl acetate at a rate of about 100 g/min. The flushing was carried out for 30 min. during which time the exhaust gas was led to a recovery system where vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride were recovered.. After the flushing was finished, the slurry was for a further 15 min. held at 90°C/380 mm Hg and then dewatered. The finished vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer. contained less than 0.5 ppm vinyl chloride.
Claims (9)
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JPS546269B1 (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1979-03-27 | ||
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ES438975A1 (en) * | 1974-08-14 | 1977-02-16 | Solvay | Removal of residual vinyl chloride |
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CA1278639C (en) * | 1975-07-01 | 1991-01-02 | Ronald Joseph Davis | Vinyl chloride monomer stripping process |
JPS5855967B2 (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1983-12-13 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Jiyugoutaisurari-kara-mihannoutanriyotai oyobi sonotano |
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IT1062661B (en) | 1984-10-20 |
SE7608803L (en) | 1977-02-14 |
GB1546491A (en) | 1979-05-23 |
DE2635478C2 (en) | 1988-08-11 |
ES450559A1 (en) | 1977-08-16 |
NL7608925A (en) | 1977-02-15 |
PT65395B (en) | 1978-01-25 |
FR2320953A1 (en) | 1977-03-11 |
DE2635478A1 (en) | 1977-02-24 |
AU1678576A (en) | 1978-02-16 |
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