NO143301B

NO143301B - PROCEDURE FOR FILTERING IN A FILTERING APPLIANCE OF A SUSPENSION OR EMULSION, AND FILTERING APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE

Info

Publication number: NO143301B
Application number: NO770702A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Ulf Hjelmner; Hans Folke Larsson
Original assignee: Nordstjernan Rederi Ab
Priority date: 1976-03-03
Filing date: 1977-03-01
Publication date: 1980-10-06
Also published as: DK148525B; FI62956C; NO770702L; SE396552B; JPS52111062A; NL179191B; DE2708340A1; AU509684B2; CH618100A5; NL179191C; JPS5651808B2; FI770684A; ATA129077A; DE2708340B2; NL7702245A; SE7602999L; GB1547497A; AT371362B; DK148525C; MY8100365A

Description

Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte for The present invention relates to a method for

filtrering av en suspensjon eller emulsjon, samt et filtreringsapparat for utførelse av fremgangsmåten. filtering a suspension or emulsion, as well as a filtering apparatus for carrying out the method.

Det er tidligere kjent for filtrering av en suspensjon It is previously known for filtering a suspension

eller emulsjon å tilføre denne til en filtermasse av par-tikkelformet filtermedium anordnet i en tank som inngår i filtreringsapparatet, og å la suspensjonen strømme oppover gjennom filtermassen samt på passende måte la den filtrerte væskefase som oppnås ved filtreringen renne ut fra filtermassen, gjennom utløp utstyrt med en passende hindring, or emulsion to supply this to a filter mass of particulate filter medium arranged in a tank which forms part of the filtering apparatus, and to allow the suspension to flow upwards through the filter mass and, in a suitable manner, to allow the filtered liquid phase obtained by the filtration to flow out of the filter mass, through outlets equipped with a suitable obstacle,

f.eks. en sjalusivegg eller sil, for å forhindre at filtermediet strømmer ut sammen med den filtrerte væskefasen. e.g. a shutter wall or strainer, to prevent the filter media from flowing out together with the filtered liquid phase.

Ved en type av et slikt oppbygget filtreringsapparat er det kjent, for oppnåelse av et kontinuerlig arbeidende filtreringsapparat, dvs. uten å stanse filtreringen ved rengjøring av filtermediet, å la filtermediet under den pågående filtrering strømme nedover gjennom filtermassesonen i motstrøm med suspensjonen, forbi dennes tilførsel samt deretter transporteres adskilt fra filtermassen til en vaskebane for vasking av det forurensede filtermediet som har fremkommet ved filtreringen, ved strømning i motstrøm med en vaskevæske langs vaskebanen, hvoretter det vaskede filtermediet føres tilbake til filtermassesonen til dennes overside, idet den ved vaskingen forurensede vaskevæsken ledes bort fra vaskebanen. Ved at annet kjent filtreringsapparat som likeledes- er utstyrt med en vaskeanordning beliggende ved siden av filtreringstariken, men uten filtrering i motstrøm mellom filtermediet og suspensjonen, skjer vaskingen av filtermediet under dennes strømning i motstrøm mot den anvendte vaskevæsken, som herved uttas fra tilløpsledningen for den suspensjon e.l. som skal filtreres. In the case of one type of such a built-up filtering apparatus, it is known, in order to achieve a continuously working filtering apparatus, i.e. without stopping the filtration when cleaning the filter medium, to allow the filter medium during the ongoing filtration to flow downwards through the filter mass zone in countercurrent with the suspension, past its supply and then transported separately from the filter mass to a washing path for washing the contaminated filter medium that has emerged during the filtration, by countercurrent flow with a washing liquid along the washing path, after which the washed filter medium is returned to the filter mass zone to its upper side, with the washing liquid contaminated by the washing being led away from the washing line. In that other known filtration apparatus which is likewise equipped with a washing device located next to the filtration rack, but without filtration in counter-current between the filter medium and the suspension, the washing of the filter medium during its flow takes place in counter-current to the used washing liquid, which is thereby withdrawn from the supply line for the suspension etc. to be filtered.

Formålet med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å komme frem The purpose of the present invention is to arrive at

til et en fremgangsmåte og et apparat for kontinuerlig to a method and an apparatus for continuous

filtrering, og som foruten å gi fordelen av en effektiv utnyttelse av filtermassen ved den i og for seg tidligere kjente motstrøm mellom filtermedium og suspensjon under filtreringen og fordelen av forbedret vasking av filtermediet ved den likeså, men i en annen filtreringssammenheng i oq for seg tidligere kjente motstrøm mellom filtermediet og vaskevæsken, med enkle midler gir pålitelig funksjoner-ing, idet apparatet gir høy kapasitet i forhold til den nødvendige plass, hele tiden oppviser hovedsakelig den samme filtreringsevne og samtidig gir øket effektivitet ved vaskingen av filtermediet. filtration, and which, in addition to providing the advantage of an efficient utilization of the filter mass by the per se previously known counterflow between filter medium and suspension during the filtration and the advantage of improved washing of the filter medium by it likewise, but in a different filtration context in oq per se previously known counterflow between the filter medium and the washing liquid, with simple means provides reliable functioning, as the device provides a high capacity in relation to the required space, all the time shows mainly the same filtering ability and at the same time provides increased efficiency when washing the filter medium.

Det nye og kjenntegnende ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen er at i det minste en del av den filtrerte væskefasen avgår fra filtermassesonen for opprettholdelse over denne av en sone av filtrert væskefase, at den adskilte transporten av det forurensede filtermediet skjer oppover gjennom filtermassesonen, og at vaskingen i mot-strøm langs vaskebanen av det forurensede filtermediet skjer under strømning av dette mot strømning av filtrert væskefase som utnyttes som vaskevæske, hvilken inntas i vaskebanen fra den nevnte sone av filtrert væskefase. The new and characteristic feature of the method according to the invention is that at least part of the filtered liquid phase departs from the filter mass zone to maintain above this a zone of filtered liquid phase, that the separated transport of the contaminated filter medium takes place upwards through the filter mass zone, and that the washing in counter-current along the washing path of the contaminated filter medium takes place during the flow of this against the flow of filtered liquid phase which is used as washing liquid, which is taken into the washing path from the mentioned zone of filtered liquid phase.

Hele filtrerings- og vaskeforløpet kan således finne sted inne i filtreringsapparatet, og som vaskevæske utnyttes på en enkel og fordelaktig måte den filtrerte væskefasen, klarløsningen, som er oppnådd ved filtreringen. The entire filtration and washing process can thus take place inside the filtration apparatus, and the filtered liquid phase, the clear solution, which is obtained during the filtration, is used as washing liquid in a simple and advantageous way.

Innen rammen av fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen muliggjøres, slik det fremgår av de etterfølgende patentkrav, ytterligere forbedringer med hensyn til en effektivisering av såvel vaskingen som filtreringen. Således kan under vaskingen tas forholdsregler for å øke relativhastigheten mellom filtermediet og vaskevæsken i det minste en gang, hvilket gir særlig gunstige betingelser for vaskingen av filtermediet, for å avbremse filtermediet i det minste en gang, hvorved kontakttiden mellom filtermediet og vaskevæsken øker, med øket effektivisering av vaskingen som følge, for likeledes å effektivisere vaskingen og oppdele eventuelle opphopninger av filtermediet forårsaket av forurensningen før vaskingen. Videre kan i henhold til oppfinnelsen mengden av den langs vaskebanen strømmende vaskevæsken reguleres. Hva mengden av filtermedium som transporteres til vaskebanen angår kan i henhold til oppfinnelsen også denne reguleres automatisk for hele tiden å oppnå en passende tilmålt tilførsel av filtermediet til vaskebanen, hvorved denne regulering skjer ved mengdemåling eller trykkmåling av suspensjonen før denne tilføres filtermassesonen. Ved hjelp av fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen kan endelig luft som har trengt ut til det forurensede filtermediet fra luft som er tilført før transporten av det forurensede filtermediet forhindres i å trenge inn i filtermassesonen ved at den på forhånd oppfanges og ledes bort, hvorved risiko for lokal fluidi-sering av filtermassen, hvilket vil medføre en kraftig nedsettelse av filtermassens filtreringsevne, er eliminert. Within the framework of the method according to the invention, as is evident from the subsequent patent claims, further improvements are made possible with regard to an efficiency of both the washing and the filtration. Thus, during washing, precautions can be taken to increase the relative speed between the filter medium and the washing liquid at least once, which provides particularly favorable conditions for washing the filter medium, to slow down the filter medium at least once, whereby the contact time between the filter medium and the washing liquid increases, with increased streamlining the washing as a result, in order to also streamline the washing and break up any accumulations of the filter medium caused by the contamination before the washing. Furthermore, according to the invention, the quantity of the washing liquid flowing along the washing path can be regulated. As far as the amount of filter medium transported to the washing path is concerned, according to the invention, this too can be regulated automatically in order to achieve a suitably measured supply of the filter medium to the washing path at all times, whereby this regulation takes place by quantity measurement or pressure measurement of the suspension before it is supplied to the filter mass zone. By means of the method according to the invention, finally air that has penetrated to the contaminated filter medium from air that has been supplied before the transport of the contaminated filter medium can be prevented from penetrating into the filter mass zone by it being collected in advance and diverted away, whereby the risk of local fluidisation of the filter mass, which will result in a sharp reduction in the filtering capacity of the filter mass, is eliminated.

Oppfinnelsen angår også et filtreringsapparat for utførelse av den nevnte fremgangsmåte, hvorved filtreringsapparatet omfatter en vertikal sone av partikkelformet filtermedium som danner en filtermasse, innløp for den suspensjon eller emulsjon som skal filtreres, hvilket innløp har en slik beliggenhet i forhold til filtermassesonen at det under filtreringen oppnås en strømning av suspensjonen i retning oppover gjennom filtermassen, et under innløpet beliggende og frittstående rom i forbindelse med filtermassesonen, The invention also relates to a filtering apparatus for carrying out the aforementioned method, whereby the filtering apparatus comprises a vertical zone of particulate filter medium which forms a filter mass, inlet for the suspension or emulsion to be filtered, which inlet has such a location in relation to the filter mass zone that during filtration a flow of the suspension is achieved in an upward direction through the filter mass, a free-standing space located below the inlet in connection with the filter mass zone,

til hvliket rom filtermediet ved strømning i retning nedover gjennom filtermassesonen tilføres kontinuerlig, og en i rommet utmunnende transportanordning for å bringe det til rommet tilførte og ved filtreringen forurensede filtermediet til en vaskeanordning, hvilken er anordnet og utformet for vasking i motstrøm mellom filtermediet og en vaskevæske og fra hvilken det vaskede filtermediet føres tilbake til filtermassesones overside, idet vaske- to which room the filter medium is continuously supplied by downward flow through the filter mass zone, and a transport device opening into the room to bring the filter medium supplied to the room and contaminated by the filtration to a washing device, which is arranged and designed for washing in countercurrent between the filter medium and a washing liquid and from which the washed filter medium is fed back to the upper side of the filter mass zone, as the washing

anordnigen er utstyrt med et avløp for den forurensede vaskevæsken. Det kjennetegnende ved filteringsapparatet i henhold til oppfinnelsn er at det ovenfor filtermassesonen opprettholdes en sone av filtrert væskefase oppnådd ved filtreringen, at transportanordningen utgjøres av et rør som fra det nevnte rom er ført opp gjennom filtermassesonen til den nevnte sone av filtrert væskefase og er til- the device is equipped with a drain for the contaminated washing liquid. The characteristic feature of the filtering apparatus according to the invention is that above the filter mass zone a zone of filtered liquid phase obtained during the filtration is maintained, that the transport device consists of a pipe which is led from the said room up through the filter mass zone to the said zone of filtered liquid phase and is

sluttet det øvre parti av vaskeanordningen, og at vaskeanordningen er nedsenket i sonen av filtrert væskefase og har sitt innløp beliggende ovenfor filtermassesonen. closed the upper part of the washing device, and that the washing device is immersed in the zone of filtered liquid phase and has its inlet located above the filter mass zone.

Ytterligere særpreg og fordeler ved oppfinnelsen vil fremgå av de etterfølgende patentkrav og av den følgende be-skrivelse av et utførelseseksempel av et filtreringsapparat, under henvisning til den vedføyde tegning. Further features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the subsequent patent claims and from the following description of an embodiment of a filtering apparatus, with reference to the attached drawing.

Fig. 1 viser filtreringsapparatet i vertikalsnitt. Fig. 1 shows the filtering apparatus in vertical section.

Fig. 2 viser samme vertikalsnitt, men i større målestokk, Fig. 2 shows the same vertical section, but on a larger scale,

av filtreringsapparatets øvre del, for nærmere å illustrere vaskeanordningen som inngår i filtreringsapparatet. of the upper part of the filtering apparatus, to further illustrate the washing device included in the filtering apparatus.

Fig. 3 viser skjematisk, sett ovenfra, et antall filtreringsapparater sammenbygget til et f iltreringsanlegg. Fig. 3 shows schematically, seen from above, a number of filtering devices assembled into a filtering system.

Véd utførelsesformen vist i fig. 1 er det partikkelformede filtermediet 1 anordnet i en beholder med vegger 2 og en kjegleformet eller pyramideformet bunn 3 med spissen nedover. Kjeglens eller pyramidens grunnflate bør stemme overens med beholderens form slik den avgrenses av veggene 2. Véd the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the particulate filter medium 1 is arranged in a container with walls 2 and a cone-shaped or pyramid-shaped bottom 3 with the tip downwards. The base of the cone or pyramid should match the shape of the container as defined by the walls 2.

Som partikkelformet filtermedium er sand velegnet. Imidlertid kan andre materialer, slik som f.eks. plast, anvendes, eller blandinger av flere materialer. En blanding av flere kornstørrelsesfraksjoner av dette materiale kan i et kontinuerlig arbeidende filter i henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelse i motsetning til konvensjonell teknikk anvendes, avhengig av hva som skal filtreres og hvor effektivt filtreringen skal utføres. En fagmann vil etter forsøk finne det passende materiale og kornstørrelsen i hvert enkelt tilfelle. Sand is suitable as a particulate filter medium. However, other materials, such as e.g. plastic is used, or mixtures of several materials. A mixture of several grain size fractions of this material can be used in a continuously working filter according to the present invention in contrast to conventional technology, depending on what is to be filtered and how efficiently the filtering is to be carried out. A specialist will, after trial, find the appropriate material and grain size in each individual case.

Den suspensjon eller emulsjon som skal filtreres tas inn The suspension or emulsion to be filtered is taken in

i beholderen gjennom innløp 4, som vist med pilen A, mest hensiktsmessig gjennom beholderens bunn. Innstrømningen av suspensjonen i filtermassen skjer i filtermassens nedre del via et antall rør 5 med rørmunninger 6. Ovenfor hver enkelt av rørmunningene er anordnet et tak 7 for å forhindre direkte kontakt mellom filtermediet og rørmunningene og for å blottlegge en større flate av filtermediet mot den innkommende suspensjonen. Herved minskes risikoen for gjentetting av filteret på grunn av kraftig momentan forurensning av filtermediet ved rørmunningene. Ved at takene har V-form og ved plassering av rørmunningene ved overliggende tak oppnås den minst mulige hindring for filtermediets passasje nedover. Plasseringen av innløps-rørmunningene 6 i den nedre del av filtermassen medfører den fordel at den mest forurensede delen av filtermediet, in the container through inlet 4, as shown by arrow A, most conveniently through the bottom of the container. The inflow of the suspension into the filter mass takes place in the lower part of the filter mass via a number of pipes 5 with pipe mouths 6. A roof 7 is arranged above each of the pipe mouths to prevent direct contact between the filter medium and the pipe mouths and to expose a larger surface of the filter medium to the incoming the suspension. This reduces the risk of re-clogging of the filter due to severe momentary contamination of the filter medium at the pipe mouths. By the fact that the roofs are V-shaped and by positioning the pipe mouths at the roof above, the least possible obstacle for the passage of the filter medium downwards is achieved. The location of the inlet pipe mouths 6 in the lower part of the filter mass has the advantage that the most contaminated part of the filter medium,

dvs. den som passerer forbi takene og rørmunningene, fort-setter nedover og utnyttes ikke lenger for filtrering. i.e. that which passes past the roofs and pipe mouths, continues downwards and is no longer used for filtration.

Herved forhindres gjentetting ved innløpene, og nytt filtermedium blottlegges stadig mot den innkommende suspensjon. Den innkommende suspensjonen strømmer i motstrøm med filtermediet oppover gjennom en sone av filtermassen, mot stadig renere filtermedium. Den filtrerte væskefase som fremkommer ved strømningen av suspensjonen oppover gjennom filtermassesonen opprettholdes som en sone 8 av filtrert væskefase ovenfor filtermassen, og dens nivå This prevents clogging at the inlets, and new filter medium is constantly exposed to the incoming suspension. The incoming suspension flows in countercurrent with the filter medium upwards through a zone of the filter mass, towards increasingly cleaner filter medium. The filtered liquid phase resulting from the flow of the suspension upwards through the filter mass zone is maintained as a zone 8 of filtered liquid phase above the filter mass, and its level

er i det viste utførelseseksempel bestemt ved at den filtrerte væskefasen uttas fra filtreringsapparatet via et overløp 9 til et utløp (pil B).. is determined in the embodiment shown by the filtered liquid phase being withdrawn from the filtration apparatus via an overflow 9 to an outlet (arrow B)..

I beholderens kjegle- eller pyramideformede del 3, som In the container's conical or pyramidal part 3, which

det forurensede filtermediet strømmer ned i ved filtreringen, er munningen av en passende opptransporteringsanordning 10 anbragt. the contaminated filter medium flows down during the filtration, the mouth of a suitable upward transport device 10 is placed.

Som det fremgår av det viste utførelseseksempel, rager transportanordningen sentralt gjennom apparatet og kan f.eks. utgjøres av en mamuttpumpe. En slik pumpe arbeider med luft som transportmedium, og luften tilføres ovenfra ned langs en ledning 11 som rager langs et transportrør 12 som inngår i transportanordningen. Luften tilføres transportrøret via et ikke vist hull ved ledningens nedre ende. Filtermediet transporteres (pil C) av luften gjénnom røret 12 til en ovenfor filtermasse beliggende vaskeanordning 13, som i det følgende skal beskrives mer utførlig. As can be seen from the design example shown, the transport device protrudes centrally through the device and can e.g. consists of a mammoth pump. Such a pump works with air as a transport medium, and the air is supplied from above down along a line 11 which projects along a transport pipe 12 which is part of the transport device. The air is supplied to the transport pipe via a hole not shown at the lower end of the line. The filter medium is transported (arrow C) by the air through the pipe 12 to a washing device 13 located above the filter mass, which will be described in more detail below.

Hvis luften, som ledes inn i mamuttpumpen, av en eller If the air, which is led into the mammoth pump, by a or

annen grunn skulle trenge ut gjennom den nedre del av transportrøret 12 og inn i filtermaterialet, er det en risiko for at filtermaterialet fluidiserer lokalt. Dette ville medføre en kraftig nedsettelse av filterets filtreringsevne. other reason should penetrate through the lower part of the transport pipe 12 and into the filter material, there is a risk of the filter material fluidizing locally. This would result in a sharp reduction in the filtering capacity of the filter.

For å forhindre en slik forstyrrelse er en opp-ned trakt To prevent such a disturbance is an upside-down funnel

14 plassert omkring mamuttpumpen ovenfor den nedre munning, og trakten fanger opp eventuell luft som er kommet på 14 placed around the mammoth pump above the lower mouth, and the funnel captures any air that has entered

avveie og leder den gjennom hull i det smale bunnparti av trakten til en ledning 5 som rager langs transportrøret. Den samme trakt tjener også som styreorgan for filtermediets strømning nedover, slik at det oppnås en jevn strømningsprofil over tverrsnittet av apparatet. balance and leads it through holes in the narrow bottom part of the funnel to a line 5 which projects along the transport pipe. The same funnel also serves as a control device for the downward flow of the filter medium, so that a uniform flow profile is achieved across the cross-section of the device.

De ovenfor beskrevne tak 7 over innløpene 6 bidrar likesom trakten 14 til å oppnå ønsket strømningsprofil.• Slike tak kan, hvilket ikke er vist, for ytterligere å sikre ønsket strømningsprofil, være anordnet i filtermassen på andre passende steder og uten å være kombinert med innløp for suspensj onen. The above-described roofs 7 above the inlets 6, like the funnel 14, contribute to achieving the desired flow profile. • Such roofs, which are not shown, to further ensure the desired flow profile, can be arranged in the filter mass in other suitable places and without being combined with inlets for the suspension.

I fig. 2 er vaskeanordningen 13 vist i større målestokk. In fig. 2, the washing device 13 is shown on a larger scale.

Ut av den øvre del av transportrøret 12 kommer filtermediet for vasking, snur (pilen D), og renner nedover langs en vaskebane som er dannet mellom transportrøret 12 og en yttermantel 16 for vaskeanordningen. Mantelen. 16 er hensiktsmessig utformet konsentrisk rundt transportrøret 12. Filtermediet kan på grunn av forurensningen inneholde opphopninger. Disse eventuelle opphopninger slås i stykker når de treffer en skjerm 17 e.l. som befinner seg i strømningsveien for filtermediet, samtidig som filtermediets fallhastighet avbremses. Filtermediet treffer deretter, lenger ned langs vaskebanen, en mellombunn 18 utstyrt med hull 19, passende etterfulgt av ytterligere lignende mellombunner. I det viste eksempel finnes fem mellombunner. Hullene 19 i to på hverandre følgende mellombunner kan passende være forsatt i forhold til hverandre, slik at det forhindres en vertikalt fri passasje for filtermediet. Herved skjer en stadig oppbremsing av filtermediet ved passering gjennom vaskeanordningen. Filtermediet treffer hele tiden i vaskeanordningen en vaskevæske i motstrøm, og ved hullene i mellombunnene blir hastigheten for vaskevæsken momentant høyere, hvilket skaper særskilt gunstige betingelser for vasking av filtermediet. Out of the upper part of the transport pipe 12 comes the filter medium for washing, turns (arrow D), and flows downwards along a washing path which is formed between the transport pipe 12 and an outer jacket 16 for the washing device. The mantle. 16 is suitably designed concentrically around the transport pipe 12. Due to the contamination, the filter medium may contain accumulations. These possible accumulations are broken up when they hit a screen 17 et seq. which is in the flow path of the filter medium, at the same time that the filter medium's fall speed is slowed down. The filter media then hits, further down the washing path, an intermediate bed 18 equipped with holes 19, suitably followed by further similar intermediate beds. In the example shown, there are five intermediate bottoms. The holes 19 in two successive intermediate bases can be suitably offset in relation to each other, so that a vertically free passage for the filter medium is prevented. This results in a constant slowing down of the filter medium when passing through the washing device. In the washing device, the filter medium constantly hits a counter-current washing liquid, and at the holes in the intermediate bottoms, the speed of the washing liquid is momentarily higher, which creates particularly favorable conditions for washing the filter medium.

Som vaskevæske anvendes den sonen 8 av filtrert væskefase som befinner seg ovenfor filtermassen. Vaskeanordningen er derved nedsenket i sonen 8 av filtrert væskefase, og som vist itied pilen E i det viste utførelseseksempel, inntas vaskevæsken, dvs. den filtrerte væskefasen, til vaskebanen gjennom åpningen 20 som befinner seg mellom den nedre ende av mantelen 16 og transportrøret 12, og strømmer oppover langs vaskebanen. Vaskevæsken som forurenses ved vaskingen avledes fra vaskebanen som vist med pilen F og uttas via et overløp 21 samt bortledes fra apparatet som vist med pilen G. Dette overløp kan være regulerbart i høyde og bredde, for herved å regulere mengden av vaskevæske. Hvis overløpet senkes økes mengden av vaskevæske . The zone 8 of filtered liquid phase that is located above the filter mass is used as washing liquid. The washing device is thereby immersed in the zone 8 of filtered liquid phase, and as shown by arrow E in the embodiment shown, the washing liquid, i.e. the filtered liquid phase, is taken into the washing path through the opening 20 which is located between the lower end of the jacket 16 and the transport pipe 12, and flows upwards along the wash path. The washing liquid that is contaminated during washing is diverted from the washing path as shown by arrow F and taken out via an overflow 21 and diverted away from the appliance as shown by arrow G. This overflow can be adjustable in height and width, in order to thereby regulate the amount of washing liquid. If the overflow is lowered, the amount of washing liquid is increased.

Mengden av vaskevæske økes også automatisk hvis klargjørings-nivået ovenfor filtermassen stiger, f.eks. ved økt belastning av filtreringsapparatet. The amount of washing liquid is also increased automatically if the preparation level above the filter mass rises, e.g. in case of increased load on the filtering device.

For å styre filtermediet som kommer ut av transportrøret To control the filter media coming out of the transport pipe

12 nedover til vaskebanen og for å skille den brukte vaskevæske fra det innkommende filtermediet er et rør 22 anordnet mellom mantelen 16 og transportrøret 12, og senket ned et stykke forbi den øvre ende av transportrøret. Røret 22 rager opp gjennom mantelen 16, og gjennom røret er luft-tilførselsledningen 11 og luftbortføringsrøret 15 anordnet. Røret 22 inneholder også en anordning 23 for oppfanging av luft med filtermedium fra transportrøret 12. I det viste utførelseseksempel utgjøres denne oppfangingsanordning av vekselvis anordnede, nedover vendende kjegler og oppover vendende, avkortede kjegler. 12 downwards to the washing path and in order to separate the used washing liquid from the incoming filter medium, a pipe 22 is arranged between the jacket 16 and the transport pipe 12, and sunk down some distance past the upper end of the transport pipe. The pipe 22 projects up through the casing 16, and through the pipe the air supply line 11 and the air removal pipe 15 are arranged. The pipe 22 also contains a device 23 for capturing air with filter medium from the transport pipe 12. In the embodiment shown, this capture device is made up of alternately arranged, downward-facing cones and upward-facing, truncated cones.

Uten at det er vist, kan om ønskelig en del av den filtrerte væskefase som fremkommer ved filtreringen uttas inne i filtermassesonen nedenfor dennes overside ved at det der og fortrinnsvis hovedsakelig vertikalt ovenfor munningene 6 Without it being shown, if desired, a part of the filtered liquid phase that emerges during the filtration can be taken out inside the filter mass zone below its upper side by having it there and preferably mainly vertically above the mouths 6

av innløpsrørene er anordnet utløpsrørmunninger for filtrert væskefase. Disse utløpsrørmunninger kan herved fordelaktig være utstyrt med tak i likhet med takene 7 of the inlet pipes are arranged outlet pipe mouths for filtered liquid phase. These outlet pipe mouths can thus advantageously be equipped with roofs similar to the roofs 7

over innløpsrørmunningene 6. Ved å utta den filtrerte væskefasen gjennom slike utløpsrørmunninger beliggende i filtermassesonen under filtermassens overside garanteres fullgodt filtrert væskefase også ved f.eks. eventuelle driftsforstyrrelser i vaskeanordningen, hvorved den filtrerte væskefasen som befinner seg over filtermassen skulle kunne bli forurenset. above the inlet tube mouths 6. By discharging the filtered liquid phase through such outlet tube mouths located in the filter mass zone below the top of the filter mass, a perfectly filtered liquid phase is also guaranteed when e.g. any operating disturbances in the washing device, whereby the filtered liquid phase located above the filter mass could be contaminated.

Under vaskeanordningens nedre del er plassert en kjegle 24 A cone 24 is placed under the lower part of the washing device

for spredning av filtermediet som kommer fra vaskeanordningen ut over filtermassens overflate. For dessuten å oppnå en tilførsel av filtermediumparti-kler til den flaten av massen som befinner seg under kjeglen utstyres kjeglen 24 med et passende antall av passende plasserte hull 25 som partiklene kan passere gjennom. for spreading the filter medium that comes from the washing device over the surface of the filter mass. In order to also achieve a supply of filter medium particles to the surface of the mass which is located below the cone, the cone 24 is equipped with a suitable number of suitably placed holes 25 through which the particles can pass.

Foruten den ovenfor beskrevne automatiske reguleringen av vaskevæskemengden, kan, hvilket ikke er vist, også oppnås en automatisk regulering av mengden av filtermedium for vaskingen. Ved å anbringe et mengdemålende eller trykk-målende organ ved tilførselsledningen for suspensjonen (i fig. 1 markert med pilen A), oppnås et signal som indi-kerer forandring, f.eks. trykkøkning på grunn av akkumulering av suspendert materiale i filtermassen. Dette signal kan på kjent måte utnyttes til å regulere kapasiteten av opptransporteringsanordningen 10, slik at den transporterte mengde av.filtermedium til vasking økes eller minskes. In addition to the above-described automatic regulation of the amount of washing liquid, which is not shown, an automatic regulation of the amount of filter medium for the washing can also be achieved. By placing a quantity-measuring or pressure-measuring device at the supply line for the suspension (in Fig. 1 marked with arrow A), a signal is obtained that indicates a change, e.g. pressure increase due to accumulation of suspended material in the filter mass. This signal can be utilized in a known manner to regulate the capacity of the upward transport device 10, so that the transported amount of filter medium for washing is increased or decreased.

I det beskrevne og viste utførelseseksempel av filtreringsapparatet er vaskeanordningen nedsenket i sonen 8 av filtrert væskefase, hvorfra filtrert væskefase inntas som vaskevæske gjennom den nedre åpningen 20. Alternativt kan også den filtrerte væskefasen som utnyttes ved vaskingen inntas fra siden gjennom en eller flere åpninger i mantelen 16 ved dennes nedre parti. I en annen ikke vist, alternativ utførelsesform, der likeledes filtrert væskefase fra sonen 8 utnyttes som vaskevæske, er i det minste en del av vaskeanordningen nedsenket i og adskilt anordnet i forhold til filtermassen, hvorved en eller flere ledninger rager fra sonen 8 til vaskeanordningens nedre parti for tilførsel av vaskevæsken til den på denne måte beliggende vaskeanordning. Med et filtreringsapparat i henhold til opp-finnélsen, f.eks. i henhold til den ovenfor beskrevne og i fig. 1 og 2 viste, foretrukne utførelsesform, muliggjøres en utforming med relativt små dimensjoner, hvorved det oppnås den fordelen at apparatet ikke blir for uhåndterlig og vanskelig å betjene. Ved at dessuten samtlige av de nød-vendige anordninger i det kontinuerlig arbeidende apparat befinner seg inne i apparatet, hvorved også visse anordninger f.eks. vaskeanordningen og opptransporteringsanordningen, kan være utformet som enheter, er apparatet vel egnet for fremstilling som modul. Herved kan ved behov for større filtreringskapasiteter enn det som et eneste apparat kan gi, på en enkel og fordelaktig måte flere apparater sammenbygges til et filtreringsanlegg. Et slikt filtreringsanlegg er eksempelvis og noe skjematisk vist i fig. 3, som viser en gruppe på 8 sammenkoblede, moduloppbygde filtreringsapparater. I hver modul inngår herved samtlige av de nødvendig anordn-ingen som inngår i det filtreringsapparat som er vist i fig. In the described and shown embodiment of the filtering device, the washing device is immersed in the zone 8 of filtered liquid phase, from which filtered liquid phase is taken in as washing liquid through the lower opening 20. Alternatively, the filtered liquid phase that is used in the washing can also be taken in from the side through one or more openings in the mantle 16 at its lower part. In another, not shown, alternative embodiment, where likewise filtered liquid phase from zone 8 is utilized as washing liquid, at least part of the washing device is immersed in and separately arranged in relation to the filter mass, whereby one or more lines project from zone 8 to the lower part of the washing device part for supplying the washing liquid to the washing device located in this way. With a filtering device according to the invention, e.g. according to the above described and in fig. 1 and 2 shown, preferred embodiment, enables a design with relatively small dimensions, whereby the advantage is achieved that the device does not become too unwieldy and difficult to operate. In that, furthermore, all of the necessary devices in the continuously working device are located inside the device, whereby also certain devices, e.g. the washing device and the upward transport device, can be designed as units, the device is well suited for manufacturing as a module. In this way, if there is a need for greater filtration capacities than a single device can provide, several devices can be combined to form a filtration system in a simple and advantageous way. Such a filtering system is, for example, and somewhat schematically shown in fig. 3, showing a group of 8 interconnected, modular filtering apparatuses. In each module, all of the necessary devices included in the filtering apparatus shown in fig.

1 og 2, bortsett fra at de veggene 2 som grenser mot hverandre i gruppen er fjernet (de i fig. 3 viste stiplede linjer illustrerer den øvre kant av bunndelene 3), hvorved det for hver rad 29 av filtreringsapparatet finnes et felles utløp 26 for den filtrerte væskefasen som kommer ut av hvert filtreringsapparat (pilen B i fig. 1 og 2), og for begge radene 29 finnes et felles utløp 27 for den brukte vaskevæske fra vaskeanordningen (pilen G i fig. 1 og 2). Disse felles utløp 26 og/eller 27 behøver selvsagt ikke 1 and 2, except that the walls 2 which border each other in the group have been removed (the dashed lines shown in Fig. 3 illustrate the upper edge of the bottom parts 3), whereby for each row 29 of the filtering apparatus there is a common outlet 26 for the filtered liquid phase that comes out of each filtering device (arrow B in fig. 1 and 2), and for both rows 29 there is a common outlet 27 for the used washing liquid from the washing device (arrow G in fig. 1 and 2). These common outlets 26 and/or 27 are of course not necessary

å være anordnet på den viste måte, men forenkler oppbygningen av filtreringsanlegget. Filtreringsanleggets omgivende yttervegg 28 kan utgjøres av vegger 2 som inngår i hvert filtreringsapparat, men alternativt kan samtlige vegger 2 i hvert filtreringsa<p>parat fjernes, og en separat yttervegg kan bygges rundt filtreringsanlegget. Som det fremgår av fig. 3 har hver apparatmodul sekskantform i tverrsnitt, hvilken form gir en enkel sammenbygging til større filtrer-ingscinlegg. Men også andre former, f.eks. firkantet eller kvadratisk form, kan anvendes, hvilket også gir en enkel sammenbygning. En firkantet eller kvadratisk form kan imidlertid være mindre hensiktsmessig sammenlignet med to be arranged in the manner shown, but simplifies the structure of the filtration system. The filtering system's surrounding outer wall 28 can be made up of walls 2 which are included in each filtering device, but alternatively all walls 2 in each filtering device can be removed, and a separate outer wall can be built around the filtering system. As can be seen from fig. 3, each device module has a hexagonal shape in cross-section, which shape provides a simple assembly for larger filtering inserts. But also other forms, e.g. square or square shape, can be used, which also provides a simple assembly. However, a square or square shape may be less appropriate compared to

f.eks. sekskantformen, fordi det filtermediet som befinner seg nær hjørnene bremses opp i sin bevegelse nedover og heller ikke deltar så aktivt i filtreringen. e.g. the hexagonal shape, because the filter medium which is located near the corners is slowed down in its downward movement and does not participate as actively in the filtration either.

i in

Claims

1. Process for filtration, in a filtration apparatus of a suspension or emulsion which is supplied to a zone of particulate filter medium which forms a filter mass, and which flows during the filtration in an upward direction through the filter mass and departs from the filter mass as a filtered liquid phase, whereby the filter medium during the filtration flows in direction downwards through the filter mass zone in countercurrent with the suspension, past its supply and then transported separately from the filter mass to a washing path for washing the contaminating filter medium that has emerged during the filtration by flowing in countercurrent with a washing liquid along the washing path, after which the washed filter medium is returned to the filter mass zone to this upper side, as the washing liquid contaminated by washing is led away from the washing path, characterized in that at least part of the filtered liquid phase departs from the filter mass zone to maintain above this a zone of filtered liquid phase, that the separated transport of the contaminating filter medium takes place upwards through the filter mass zone, and that the washing in countercurrent along the washing path of the contaminating filter medium takes place during the flow of this against the flow of filtered liquid phase which is used as washing liquid, which is taken into the washing path from the aforementioned zone of filtered liquid phase .

2. Method as stated in claim 1, characterized in that during the washing the relative speed between the filter medium and the washing liquid is momentarily increased at least once.

3. Method as stated in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during the washing the flow rate of the filter medium is slowed down at least once.

4. Procedure as specified in claims 1-3, characterized in that before washing, tangled parts of the filter medium caused by the pollution are separated ..........

5. Method as stated in claims 1-4, characterized in that regulation of the quantity of the flowing washing liquid is carried out along the washing path.

6. Method as stated in claim 5, characterized in that the quantity of washing liquid is regulated by setting the outflow of washing liquid which is contaminated during the washing.

7. Method as stated in claim 5, characterized in that the amount of washing liquid is regulated by changing the level of the zone of filtered liquid phase.

8. Method as specified in claims 1-7, characterized in that regulation of the quantity of filter medium transported to the liquid path takes place by quantity measurement or pressure measurement of the suspension or emulsion before it is supplied to the filter mass zone.

9. Method as stated in claims 1-8, where air is used for the transport of the contaminated filter medium, characterized in that air which has penetrated to the contaminated filter medium before its transport from the air which has been supplied before the transport is prevented from penetrating in the filter mass zone in that it is collected beforehand and led away.

10. Filtering apparatus for carrying out the method according to claims 1-9, comprising a vertical zone in the filtering apparatus of particulate filter medium that forms a filter mass, inlet for the suspension or emulsion to be filtered, which inlet is such that in relation to the filter mass zone that flow of the suspension during filtration takes place in an upward direction through the filter mass, an independent space located below the inlet and in connection with the filter mass zone to which the filter medium is continuously supplied by flowing downwards through the filter mass zone, and a transport device opening into the space to transport the filter medium supplied to this space and contaminated by filtration to a washing device which is arranged and designed for counter-current washing between the filter medium and a washing liquid, and from which the washed filter medium is fed back to the upper side of the filter mass zone, the washing device being equipped with a drain for the washing liquid contaminated by the washing, characterized in that above the filter mass zone (1) a zone (8) of filtered liquid phase is maintained which is produced by the filtration, that the transport device (10) consists of a pipe (12) which from the aforementioned space extends up through the filter mass zone (1) to the mentioned zone of filtered liquid phase and is connected to the upper part of the washing device (13), and that the washing device (13) is immersed in the zone (8) of filtered liquid phase and has its inlet (20) located above the filter mass zone (1).

11. Filtration device as stated in claim 10, characterized in that the transport device (10) and the washing device (13) are located centrally in the device.

12. Filtration apparatus as set forth in claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the washing device (13) consists of a pipe (16), whereby the inlet of the filtered liquid phase to the washing pipe (16) is formed by its lower, open end (20).

13- Filtering apparatus as stated in claim 12, characterized in that the washing pipe (16) is arranged concentrically around the upper part of the transport pipe (12).

14. Filtration device as stated in claims 10 - 13, characterized in that the washing device (13) is equipped with at least one device (17, 18) for momentarily increasing the speed of the washing liquid.

15. Filtration device as stated in claims 10-14, characterized in that the washing device (13) is equipped with at least one device (18) for slowing down the speed of the filter medium.

16. Filtering device as stated in claims 14 - 15, characterized in that the said speed-increasing member is the same as the said decelerating member.

17. Filtration apparatus as set forth in claim 16, characterized in that the aforementioned speed-increasing and decelerating member (18) consists of a disk equipped with holes and which projects above the cross-section of the washing device.

18. Filtering device as stated in claim 17, characterized in that at least two disks (18) are arranged with spaces in the washing device, whereby the holes (19) in the two disks are offset in relation to each other.

19. Filtration apparatus as specified in claims 10 - 18, characterized by means (17) in the upper part of the washing device for dividing tangled parts of the filter medium caused by the contamination.

20. Filtration device as stated in claims 10 - 19, characterized in that the drain (21) for the washing liquid contaminated by the washing is adjustable in height and/or laterally for regulating the amount of washing liquid.

21. Filtration apparatus as -stated in claims 10--- 20, characterized in that the transport pipe (12) at the end part which opens into the said room is equipped with an intake for air for the transport of the contaminated filter medium to the washing device, whereby the air is supplied through a channel (11) which leads through the washing device (13) and along the transport pipe (12).

22. Filtering apparatus as stated in claim 21, characterized in that an organ (24) shaped like an upside-down funnel is arranged above the mentioned air intake, for collecting air that has penetrated to the contaminated filter medium in the room.

23. Filtration apparatus as set forth in claim 22, characterized in that the air-collecting member (24) also constitutes a control member for directing the filter medium down into the aforementioned space.

24. Filtering device as stated in claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the air collecting member (24) is arranged closely around the transport pipe (12) and is equipped with an outlet for the collecting air at its inner end, to a discharge channel (15) which leads through the filter mass zone (1), separated from the filter mass.

25. Filtration device as set forth in claim 24, characterized in that the discharge channel (15) leads upwards along the transport pipe (12) through the washing device (13).