NO136453B

NO136453B -

Info

Publication number: NO136453B
Application number: NO751081A
Authority: NO
Inventors: E Pedersen
Original assignee: Total Transportation
Priority date: 1975-03-26
Filing date: 1975-03-26
Publication date: 1977-05-31
Also published as: NO136453C; NO751081L; GB1505936A

Abstract

Transportanordning for tunge lastenheter.Transport device for heavy load units.

Description

Oppfinnelsen vedrorer en transportanordning for tunge lastenheter som f.eks. storre skipsseksjoner ved skipsverft eller lektere om bord på såkalte LASH-skip. The invention relates to a transport device for heavy load units such as e.g. larger ship sections at shipyards or barges on board so-called LASH ships.

Lekterne som transporteres ved såkalte LASH-skip har gjerne The barges transported by so-called LASH ships often have

en vekt av størrelsesorden 1000 tonn eller mer. Tidligere har man benyttet kraner ved håndtering av slik last, men det er klart at kraner med en slik kapasitet blir meget kostbare, kre-ver stor plass og gjor håndteringen tungvint. a weight of the order of 1000 tonnes or more. In the past, cranes have been used to handle such loads, but it is clear that cranes with such a capacity are very expensive, require a lot of space and make handling cumbersome.

Oppfinnelsen tar sikte på å tilveiebringe en transportanord- The invention aims to provide a transport device

ning av det innledningsvis nevnte slag som kan tilpasses et- ing of the type mentioned at the outset which can be adapted to

hvert transportbehov av tunge enheter uansett disses ytre di-mensjoner, og som samtidig avhjelper de mangler og ulemper som hefter ved tidligere kjente anordninger for disse formål. every transport need for heavy units regardless of their external dimensions, and which at the same time remedy the shortcomings and disadvantages associated with previously known devices for these purposes.

Dette oppnås ifolge oppfinnelsen ved hjelp av en transportanordning som angitt i de påfolgende krav. This is achieved according to the invention by means of a transport device as stated in the following claims.

Til bedre forståelse av oppfinnelsen skal den beskrives, i det påfolgende under henvisning til de utforelseseksempler som er vist på tegningene. Fig. 1 viser skjematisk og forenklet en transportanordning ifolge oppfinnelsen. Fig. 2 viser et hydraulisk diagram for en hovedvogn ifolge oppf innelsen. Fig. 1 er et sett kjoretoyskinner betegnet med 1. Disse kan være anordnet på en fast bæreflate eller nedfelt i denne. På skinnene 1 er det plassert en hovedvogn 2 som kan beveges på disse ved hjelp av et boyelig trekkorgan 3, som f.eks. kan bestå av en kjede, kjetting eller wire. Til hovedvognen 2 er det ved hjelp av trekkstenger 9 forbundet en rekke lastbærende vogner 8 som hver er utstyrt med lofteorgan 7. Trekkorganet loper over et drivhjul 4, og videre over et vendehjul IO. Drivhjulet 4. kan kjores i begge retninger, slik at vogntoget kan kjores frem og tilbake på skinnene. For a better understanding of the invention, it shall be described below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. Fig. 1 shows a schematic and simplified transport device according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows a hydraulic diagram for a main carriage according to the invention. Fig. 1 is a set of vehicle rails denoted by 1. These can be arranged on a fixed support surface or embedded in it. A main carriage 2 is placed on the rails 1, which can be moved on them by means of a flexible traction device 3, which e.g. can consist of a chain, chain or wire. A number of load-carrying carriages 8 are connected to the main carriage 2 by means of drawbars 9, each of which is equipped with a lifting device 7. The traction device runs over a drive wheel 4, and further over a turning wheel 10. The drive wheel 4. can be driven in both directions, so that the wagon train can be driven back and forth on the rails.

Den ene ende av trekkorganet 3-er festet til stemplet av en hydraulisk pumpeanordning 5. En forbindelsesledning 6 forer fra pumpeanordningens utlopsside til de lastbærende vogners 8 lofteorgan 7, som består av hydrauliske stempel-sylinder-anordninger. En last 11 er vist hvilende på disse lofteorgan. Drivhjulet 4 kan beveges på tvers av sin omdreiningsakse som antydet ved pilen A ved hjelp av en spennanordning (ikke vist). One end of the traction member 3 is attached to the piston of a hydraulic pump device 5. A connecting line 6 leads from the outlet side of the pump device to the load-carrying wagons' 8 loft member 7, which consists of hydraulic piston-cylinder devices. A load 11 is shown resting on these ceiling members. The drive wheel 4 can be moved across its axis of rotation as indicated by arrow A by means of a clamping device (not shown).

Ved bruk av den viste.transportanordning furutsettes lasten 11 i utgangsstilling å befinne.seg hvilende på understottelsesvanger eller lignende (ikke vist), slik at dens underside befinner seg på et hoyere nivå enn lofteorganenes stempler i nedre stilling. Når lasten ,11 skal flyttes, kjores forst de lastbærende vogner 8 inn under denne. Deretter forskyves drivhjulet 4 i retning av pilen A ved hjelp av sin spennanordning. Herved oppstår et strekk i trekkorganet 3 som beveger pumpeanordningens 5 stempel mot venstre. Trykkmedium som inneholdes i det rom som begrenses av pumpeanordningens ;stempel og sylinder presses, derved gjennom forbindelsesledningen 6 til lofteorganene 7 som lofter lasten 11 opp fra understottelsesvangene. I denne stilling kjores så lasten til det foronskede sted ved at drivhjulet 4 roteres tilsvarende. Her senkes lasten ned på andre understottelsesvanger ved at trykkmediet i' lofteorganerie 7 tillates å unnslippe fra disse, og vognene 8 kan deretter kjores ut fra under lasten. When using the transport device shown, the load 11 in the initial position is placed resting on support bars or the like (not shown), so that its underside is at a higher level than the pistons of the loft members in the lower position. When the load 11 is to be moved, first the load-carrying wagons 8 are driven under it. The drive wheel 4 is then displaced in the direction of arrow A by means of its clamping device. This creates a tension in the pulling member 3 which moves the piston of the pump device 5 to the left. Pressure medium contained in the space limited by the pump device's piston and cylinder is pressed, thereby through the connecting line 6 to the lifting members 7 which lift the load 11 up from the support bars. In this position, the load is then driven to the predetermined location by rotating the drive wheel 4 accordingly. Here the load is lowered onto other support beams by allowing the pressure medium in the loft organerie 7 to escape from these, and the carriages 8 can then be driven out from under the load.

Den ikke viste spennanordning for drivhjulet 4 består av en hydraulisk sylinder-stempel-anbrdning som påvirker drivhjulets opplagringsanordnirig. Spennanordningen-kan bevege drivhjulet 4 frem og tilbake samt låse det i enhver foronsket horisontal Stilling. The tensioning device for the drive wheel 4, not shown, consists of a hydraulic cylinder-piston arrangement which affects the drive wheel's storage device. The clamping device can move the drive wheel 4 back and forth as well as lock it in any predetermined horizontal position.

På fig. 2 er det vist et skjematisk, hydraulisk diagram for en hovedvogn ifolge oppfinnelsen. Her ér også antydet at begge ender 12 og 13 av trekkorganet 3 er festet til hovedvognen. In fig. 2 shows a schematic, hydraulic diagram for a main carriage according to the invention. It is also implied here that both ends 12 and 13 of the traction member 3 are attached to the main carriage.

Hovedvognens pumpeanordning 5 består hovedsakelig av en pumpe-sylinder 14 og en retursylinder 15 méd tilsvarende stempler, henholdsvis 16 og 17. Stemplenes stempelstenger er festet til et endestykke 18, og til dette er den ene ende 12 av trekkorganet 3 festet. Fra festepunktet 12 loper trekkorganet 3 over et ledehjul 19 til drivhjulet 4 (ikke vist). Sylinderne 14 og 15 The main carriage's pump device 5 mainly consists of a pump cylinder 14 and a return cylinder 15 with corresponding pistons, 16 and 17 respectively. The piston rods are attached to an end piece 18, and to this one end 12 of the traction member 3 is attached. From the attachment point 12, the traction member 3 runs over a guide wheel 19 to the drive wheel 4 (not shown). Cylinders 14 and 15

er dreibart festet til hovedvognen ved 2o. Pumpesylinderen 14 tilfores hydraulisk olje gjennom en ledning 21 fra et reservoar 22. is rotatably attached to the main carriage at 2o. The pump cylinder 14 is supplied with hydraulic oil through a line 21 from a reservoir 22.

Når spenn anordn ingen beveger drivhjulet 4 mot venstre (fig. 1), fores pumpestemplet 16 fra stilling a til stilling b, og olje under trykk fores via en ledning 23 til lofteorganene 7 (fig. 1). Samtidig vil eventuelt noe olje passere gjennom en trykkreduksjons-ventil 24 til en delvis gassfylt akkumulator 25. En trykkbetjent ventil 26 som forbinder ledningen 23 med en returledning 27 tilfores oljetrykk via en ledning 28, slik at ventilen 26 lukker og hindrer at oljen fra sylinderen 14 returnerer til reservoaret 22. En sikkerhetsventil 29, som likeledes forbinder ledningene 23 og 27, vil også være lukket med mindre trykket i ledningen 23 skulle komme til å overstige et forutbestemt maksimum. En delvis gassfylt akkumulator 3o er også knyttet til ledningen 23, og tjener til å utjevne toleranseavvik i kjoreskinner med å la oljen unnslippe fra en overbelastet loftesylinder og la oljen returnere When the tension device does not move the drive wheel 4 to the left (fig. 1), the pump piston 16 is fed from position a to position b, and oil under pressure is fed via a line 23 to the loft members 7 (fig. 1). At the same time, any oil will pass through a pressure reduction valve 24 to a partially gas-filled accumulator 25. A pressure-operated valve 26 which connects the line 23 with a return line 27 is supplied with oil pressure via a line 28, so that the valve 26 closes and prevents the oil from the cylinder 14 returns to reservoir 22. A safety valve 29, which likewise connects lines 23 and 27, will also be closed unless the pressure in line 23 were to exceed a predetermined maximum. A partially gas-filled accumulator 3o is also connected to the line 23, and serves to equalize tolerance deviations in running rails by allowing the oil to escape from an overloaded loft cylinder and allowing the oil to return

til loftesylinderen når overbelastningen opphorer. Videre tjener akkumulatoren til å dempe trykksvinginger i ledningen 23, og to the loft cylinder when the overload ceases. Furthermore, the accumulator serves to dampen pressure fluctuations in the line 23, and

under visse forhold til å opprettholde trykket i denne til tross for små lekkasjer som; måtte forekomme i ventiler og andre komponenter som inngår i det hydrauliske system. En pilotventil 31 forbinder ledningene 23 og 28, og denne er normalt lukket når stemplet 16 befinner seg i eller til venstre for stilling a. under certain conditions to maintain the pressure in this despite small leaks such as; must occur in valves and other components that are part of the hydraulic system. A pilot valve 31 connects the lines 23 and 28, and this is normally closed when the piston 16 is in or to the left of position a.

En hovedvogn som den hvis hydrauliske diagram er vist på fig. 2, benyttes gjerne sammen med et så stort antall lastbærende vogner A main carriage such as the one whose hydraulic diagram is shown in fig. 2, is often used together with such a large number of load-carrying wagons

at et pumpeslag ikke gir tilstrekkelig olje til lofteorganet 7 that a pump stroke does not provide sufficient oil for the ceiling device 7

til å lofte lasten. I slike tilfeller må det flere pumpeslag til. For dette formål slakkes trekkorganet 3 ved hjelp av spennanordningen etter at stemplet 16 er brakt til stilling b. Trykket i akkumulatoren 25 vil så påvirke stemplet 17 i retur-sylinderen 15 og bringe dette og stemplet 16 tilbake til stilling a. Samtidig suges olje inn i sylinderen 14 fra reservoaret 22. Deretter strammes drivorganet 3 på nytt, slik at stemplet 16 igjen bringes til stilling b, og denne prosess gjentas til lofteorganene 7 har loftet lasten 11 (fig. 1) til kjorestilling. to loft the load. In such cases, several pump strokes are required. For this purpose, the pulling member 3 is relaxed by means of the tensioning device after the piston 16 has been brought to position b. The pressure in the accumulator 25 will then affect the piston 17 in the return cylinder 15 and bring this and the piston 16 back to position a. At the same time, oil is sucked into the cylinder 14 from the reservoir 22. The drive member 3 is then tightened again, so that the piston 16 is again brought to position b, and this process is repeated until the lifting members 7 have lifted the load 11 (fig. 1) to the driving position.

Etter at lasten er kjort dit den skal, noe som kan foregå med stemplet 16 i stilling b eller a eller mellom disse, blir lasten 11 senket ned på understottelsesvanger eller lignende, ved at trykket i lof teorganene 7. avlastes. Dette skjer ved at spennanordningen slakker trekkorganet 3 så mye at stemplene 16 og 17,fores til stilling c av trykket i akkumulatoren 25. Derved vil endestykket 18 påvirke pilotventilen 31 og åpne,denne, , slik at ledningene 28 og 27 forbindes. Derved synker trykket i ledningen 28, og ventilen 26 vil derved automatisk åpne og la olje fra lofteorganene 7 returnere via ledningen 27 til reservoaret 22. Som det fremgår av fig. 2 kan pilotventilen 31 også påvirkes av en hendel 32, slik at lasten derved kan senkes uansett stillingen av endestykket 18. After the load has been driven to its destination, which can happen with the piston 16 in position b or a or between these, the load 11 is lowered onto support bars or the like, by relieving the pressure in the lifting members 7. This happens by the tensioning device relaxing the pulling member 3 so much that the pistons 16 and 17 are brought to position c by the pressure in the accumulator 25. Thereby, the end piece 18 will influence the pilot valve 31 and open this, so that the lines 28 and 27 are connected. Thereby, the pressure in the line 28 drops, and the valve 26 will thereby automatically open and allow oil from the loft members 7 to return via the line 27 to the reservoir 22. As can be seen from fig. 2, the pilot valve 31 can also be influenced by a lever 32, so that the load can thereby be lowered regardless of the position of the end piece 18.

For at lofteorganenes stempler skal kunne bringes til bunnstilling på. en rask og effektiv.måte etter at lasten 11 er senket, kan stemplene være påvirket av fjærkraft, eller de kan på over-siden utsettes for hydraulisk trykk. Sådant hydraulisk trykk kan fås fra akkumulatoren 25. In order for the pistons of the ceiling organs to be able to be brought to the bottom position on. a fast and efficient way, after the load 11 has been lowered, the pistons can be affected by spring force, or they can be exposed to hydraulic pressure on the upper side. Such hydraulic pressure can be obtained from the accumulator 25.

På fig.. 2 er det vist en rekke tilbakeslagsventiler, siler og., annet utstyr som ikke skal beskrives nærmere, da disses funksjon antas å være åpenbar for fagmannen. Fig. 2 shows a number of non-return valves, strainers etc., other equipment which shall not be described in more detail, as their function is assumed to be obvious to the person skilled in the art.

Transportanordningen ifolge oppfinnelsen kan tilpasses det enkelte transportformål ved dimensjonering av de enkelte komponenter og ved å benytte et pas,sende antall lastbærende vogner. Det vil i mange tilfeller være hensiktsmessig å anordne flere transportanordninger ved siden av hverandre, slik at de kan kjores synkront. I og med at vogntoget er lett å flytte, kan det være hensiktsmessig å benytte ett og. samme vogntog for flere transportlinjer. Videre er det hensiktsmessig å gjore hovedvognen 2 såvidt lav at også den kan passere under,en last som hviler på understottelsesvanger eller lignende. De lastbærende vogner kan hver ha flere lofteorganer, og disse kan virke på et loftebord eller lignende, som.gir bedre fordeling av loftekraften mot lasten. The transport device according to the invention can be adapted to the individual transport purpose by dimensioning the individual components and by using an appropriate number of load-carrying wagons. In many cases, it will be appropriate to arrange several transport devices next to each other, so that they can be driven synchronously. As the wagon train is easy to move, it may be appropriate to use one and. same train for several transport lines. Furthermore, it is appropriate to make the main carriage 2 so low that it too can pass under a load resting on support bars or the like. The load-carrying wagons can each have several lifting devices, and these can act on a lifting table or the like, which gives a better distribution of the lifting force against the load.

Claims

1. Transport device, preferably for heavy load units (11), which can be moved between support bars or similar for the load units by means of a flexible traction device (3), which is fast over turning wheels (4, 10), of which at least one (4) can be moved back and forth across its axis of rotation, whereby the traction member is tightened and relaxed, characterized in that it comprises a main carriage (2) and a number of load-carrying carriages (8), that the main carriage (2) comprises a hydraulic pump device (5) connected to both ends (12) of the bendable traction device (3), and that the load-carrying carriages (8) comprise hydraulic lifting devices (7) which are supplied with pressure medium from the device (5) when the traction device (3) is tightened.

2. Transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump device comprises a number of piston-cylinder devices (14, 16; 15, 17), whose pistons (16, 17) are moved from an initial position (a) to an outer end position (b) when the pulling member (3) is tightened, whereby pressure medium is supplied to the loft members (7).

3. Transport device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pistons (16, 17) are fed back to the starting position (a) by at least one of the piston-cylinder devices (15, 17) when the pulling member (3) is relaxed accordingly.

4. Transport device according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises means (18, 31, 26) which release the pressure in the lifting means (7) when the pistons (16, 17) are brought to an inner end position (c) by further slackening of the pulling means (3) .

5. Transport device according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises an operating device (32), whereby the pressure in the ceiling devices can be released independently of the position of the pistons (16, 17).

6. Transport device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that it comprises at least one accumulator (25) for pressure medium for returning the pistons (16, 17).

7. Transport device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it constitutes one of a plurality of parallel arranged and synchronously operated transport lines.

8. Transport device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main carriage (2) is low enough to pass under a load (11) resting on support beams or the like.

9. Transport device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carriages (2, 8) are operably attached to the traction device (3).

10. Transport device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loft members are designed to be guided towards the bottom position by means of springs, hydraulic pressure, gravity or the like when lowering the load (11).

11. Transport device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a hydraulic accumulator (30) with the task, among other things, of equalizing tolerance deviations in the driving path (1) by absorbing, respectively supplying oil to the lifting devices (7) exposed to varying loads.