NO134141B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO134141B NO134141B NO487071A NO487071A NO134141B NO 134141 B NO134141 B NO 134141B NO 487071 A NO487071 A NO 487071A NO 487071 A NO487071 A NO 487071A NO 134141 B NO134141 B NO 134141B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- dioxydiphenyl
- polycarbonates
- polymer
- dioxy
- epichlorohydrin
- Prior art date
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- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 17
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 11
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyoxy Polymers 0.000 description 5
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRHXYAWPPOZFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,7,8-trioxatricyclo[7.2.2.23,6]pentadeca-1(11),3(15),4,6(14),9,12-hexaene Chemical compound C1=CC(O2)=CC=C1OOC1=CC=C2C=C1 VRHXYAWPPOZFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-thiodiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- SLABEOONBHLKSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=S1(=O)C(C=C2)=CC=C2OOC2=CC=C1C=C2 Chemical compound O=S1(=O)C(C=C2)=CC=C2OOC2=CC=C1C=C2 SLABEOONBHLKSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMUZQOKACOLCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1CO XMUZQOKACOLCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWMLORGQOFONNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC(CO)=C1 YWMLORGQOFONNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWVAOONFBYYRHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 BWVAOONFBYYRHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4,4'-diol Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYNFOMQIXZUKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bishydroxyethyldisulfide Natural products OCCSSCCO KYNFOMQIXZUKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005586 carbonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- VKONPUDBRVKQLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1CCC(O)CC1 VKONPUDBRVKQLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- STOSPPMGXZPHKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorohydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(O)C(Cl)=C1Cl STOSPPMGXZPHKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiglycol Chemical compound OCCSCCO YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006389 thiodiglycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
- B28B5/04—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping in moulds moved in succession past one or more shaping stations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
- B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av herdbare, lineære polykarbonater. Process for the production of curable, linear polycarbonates.
Det er kjent å omsette aromatiske po-lyoxyforbindelser, særlig dioxyforbindelser, It is known to react aromatic polyoxy compounds, especially dioxy compounds,
f. eks. hydrokinon, resorcin, dioxydifenyl, e.g. hydroquinone, resorcinol, dioxydiphenyl,
dioxydiaryl-alkaner, -etere, -sulfider, -sul-foner, -sulfoxyder og ketoner, med f. eks. dioxydiarylalkanes, -ethers, -sulfides, -sulfones, -sulfoxides and ketones, with e.g.
alkenylklorkullsyreestere som allylklorkull-syreestere i molforhold 1:2 til de tilsva-rende bisalkenylkarbonater av dioxyfor-bindelsene. Disse umettede biskarbonater alkenyl chlorocarbon acid esters as allyl chlorocarbon acid esters in a molar ratio of 1:2 to the corresponding bisalkenyl carbonates of the dioxy compounds. These unsaturated bicarbonates
kan polymeriseres og herved herdes ved can be polymerized and thereby hardened
oppvarmning, eventuelt under innvirkning heating, possibly under impact
av katalysatorer. Polymerisasjonsproduk-tene er som følge av meget finmasket nett-dannelse temmelig sprøde, da hver kull-syregruppe tilsvarer en polymeriserbar of catalysts. The polymerization products are, as a result of very finely meshed network formation, rather brittle, as each carbonic acid group corresponds to a polymerisable
gruppe. Dessuten er deres evne til å hefte group. Also, their ability to bind
ved underlag liten. if the substrate is small.
På den annen side er høypolymere polykarbonater som kan fåes ved omsetning On the other hand are high polymer polycarbonates which can be obtained by trading
av aromatiske dioxyforbindelser av nevnte of aromatic dioxy compounds of the aforementioned
art, eventuelt i blanding med alifatiske species, possibly in a mixture with aliphatic ones
eller cykloalifatiske dioxyforbindelser, og or cycloaliphatic dioxy compounds, and
kullsyrederivater, særlig diester og fosgen carbonic acid derivatives, especially diesters and phosgene
i molforhold omkring 1:1 termoplastiske, in a molar ratio of about 1:1 thermoplastic,
dvs ikke herdbare. Som sådanne har de i.e. not hardenable. As such they have
fremtredende egenskaper for mange an-vendelsesformål, mens de er mindre egnet outstanding properties for many applications, while they are less suitable
for andre anvendelsesområder, som f. eks. for other areas of application, such as
fremstilling av pressede gjenstander for manufacture of pressed objects for
anvendelse som bindemidler og kitt, og i use as binders and putty, and i
lakkteknikken hvor herdbare kunststoffer the varnish technique where hardenable plastics
ofte foretrekkes. For anvendelse av nevnte often preferred. For application of the aforementioned
termoplastiske polykarbonater som lakk-råstoffer kommer hertil den ulempe at man thermoplastic polycarbonates as paint raw materials have the disadvantage that one
med disse bare kan fremstille relativt with these can only produce relatively
tynne lakkoppløsninger på grunn av deres thin varnish solutions due to their
høye viskositet i oppløst tilstand. Heller high viscosity in dissolved state. Rather
ikke disse termoplastiske polykarbonaters not these thermoplastic polycarbonates
evne til å hefte til underlag oppfyller i noen tilfelle alle krav. ability to adhere to the substrate meets all requirements in some cases.
Ved hjelp av foreliggende oppfinnelse utfylles nå det tomrom som hittil var til-stede mellom de tidligere kjente herdbare monomere polykarbonater og de ikke herdbare høypolymere polykarbonater, på en slik måte at de forskjellige egenskaper, særlig hårdheten og elastisiteten, den lille evne til å oppta vann, den høye bestandig-het mot forsåpning og motstandsdyktig-heten mot mange kjemikalier, oppretthol-des i utstrakt grad. Disse egenskaper kom-pletteres ved en god evne til å hefte til underlag. With the help of the present invention, the void that was previously present between the previously known curable monomeric polycarbonates and the non-curable high-polymer polycarbonates is now filled in such a way that the various properties, in particular the hardness and elasticity, the small ability to absorb water , the high resistance to saponification and the resistance to many chemicals, is maintained to an extensive extent. These properties are complemented by a good ability to adhere to the substrate.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen består i at man omsetter lavpolymere til middels polymere lineære polykarbonater på basis av aromatiske dioxyforbindelser, eventuelt med et innhold av rester av alifatiske og/eller cykloalifatiske dioxyforbindelser og med fri hydroxyl-endegrupper, med epiklorhydrin i nærvær av stoffer som kan binde hydrogenklorid og av oppløs-ningsmidler eller dispersjonsmidler. Herved får man lavpolymere til middels polymere polykarbonater med en gjennomsnittlig polymeriseringsgrad som ialminnelighet ligger omkring 1, særlig omkring 5, og ca. 20, og med epoxyendegrupper som kan danne nettformas joner. The method according to the invention consists in converting low-polymer to medium-polymer linear polycarbonates on the basis of aromatic dioxy compounds, possibly with a content of residues of aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic dioxy compounds and with free hydroxyl end groups, with epichlorohydrin in the presence of substances that can bind hydrogen chloride and of solvents or dispersants. In this way, low-polymer to medium-polymer polycarbonates are obtained with an average degree of polymerization which is usually around 1, especially around 5, and approx. 20, and with epoxy end groups that can form net form ions.
Disse epoxypolykarbonater er i avhen-gighet av deres spesielle sammensetning These epoxy polycarbonates are, depending on their particular composition
myke til hårde, lyse, klare harpikser, som i noen tilfelle kan være melkeaktig uklare på grunn av krystallisasjon. Disse harpikser gir med en rekke oppløsningsmidler, som f. eks. metylenklorid, kloroform, ety- soft to hard, bright, clear resins, which in some cases may be milky cloudy due to crystallization. These resins give with a number of solvents, such as e.g. methylene chloride, chloroform, ethyl
lenklorid, benzen, toluen, dioxan, tetra-hydrofuran, eddikester, aceton, cyklohexa-non og dimetyl-formamid, relativt konsen-trerte oppløsninger med lav eller middels viskositet. Ved tilsetning av basiske eller sure herdningsmidler, som f. eks. alkalime-tallhydroksyder, aminer, syreamider eller polykarbonsyrer eller polykarbonsyrean-hydrider ved romtemperatur kan disse harpikser overføres til uoppløselige og usmelt-bare produkter med nettstruktur og med meget gode egenskaper. Sistnevnte produkter er egnet f. eks. som overtrekksmidler, særlig i form av lakker, som bindemidler, klebemidler og kitt, som støpeharpikser og til fremstilling av skumprodukter. lene chloride, benzene, toluene, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, acetic ester, acetone, cyclohexanone and dimethylformamide, relatively concentrated solutions of low or medium viscosity. When adding basic or acidic curing agents, such as e.g. alkali metal hydroxides, amines, acid amides or polycarbonic acids or polycarbonic anhydrides at room temperature, these resins can be transferred to insoluble and infusible products with a network structure and with very good properties. The latter products are suitable, e.g. as coating agents, especially in the form of varnishes, as binders, adhesives and putties, as molding resins and for the production of foam products.
De lavpolymere til middels polymere lineære polykarbonater med fri hydroxyl-endegrupper kan fåes etter i og for seg kjente metoder ved omsetning av kullsyrederivater, særlig alifatiske eller aromatiske kullsyrediestere og fosgen, med et mere eller mindre stort overskudd av aromatiske dioxylforbindelser, eventuelt i blanding med alifatiske eller cykloalifatiske dioxylforbindelser. The low-polymer to medium-polymer linear polycarbonates with free hydroxyl end groups can be obtained by methods known per se by reacting carbonic acid derivatives, in particular aliphatic or aromatic carbonic acid diesters and phosgene, with a more or less large excess of aromatic dioxyl compounds, possibly in admixture with aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dioxyl compounds.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen oppløser man disse polykarbonater i et oppløsningsmiddel eller en blanding av oppløsningsmidler og til-setter oppløsningen epiklorhydrin og et stoff som binder hydrogenklorid, f. eks. alkalilut. According to the invention, one dissolves these polycarbonates in a solvent or a mixture of solvents and adds to the solution epichlorohydrin and a substance that binds hydrogen chloride, e.g. alkali lye.
Herved er det mulig og fordelaktig å opprettholde relativt lave temperaturer mellom omkring 20 og 70° C. Herved kan polykarbonatenes hydroxyl-endegrupper overføres overveiende til ubeskadigte epoxy-endegrupper, til forskjell fra hvad der er tilfelle ved den vanlige fremstilling av kjente epoxyharpikser hvor epoxyderin-gen i alminnelighet foregår ved temperaturer mellom omkring 70 og 100° C. Herved reagerer et mindre eller større antall av epoxygruppene videre, så at de ikke står til disposisjon for en påfølgende herd-ning av harpiksene. Hereby, it is possible and advantageous to maintain relatively low temperatures between around 20 and 70° C. Hereby, the hydroxyl end groups of the polycarbonates can be transferred predominantly to undamaged epoxy end groups, in contrast to what is the case in the usual production of known epoxy resins where epoxy derin- generally takes place at temperatures between around 70 and 100° C. Hereby, a smaller or larger number of the epoxy groups react further, so that they are not available for a subsequent hardening of the resins.
Der blev videre funnet en særlig fordelaktig utførelsesform for fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, bestående i at fremstillingen av de lavpolymere til middels polymere polykarbonater etter fosgen-iseringsprosessen umiddelbart forbindes med epoxydering. Man oppløser herved på A particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention was also found, consisting in the production of the low-polymer to medium-polymer polycarbonates after the phosgenization process being immediately combined with epoxidation. This dissolves the
i og for seg kjent måte en eller flere aromatiske dioxyforbindelser, eventuelt under tilsetning av en passende mengde av en eller flere alifatiske eller cykloalifatiske dioxyforbindelser, i f. eks. et tertiært amin, in a manner known per se one or more aromatic dioxy compounds, optionally with the addition of a suitable amount of one or more aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dioxy compounds, in e.g. a tertiary amine,
som pyridin, eller fortrinsvis i en vandig alkalilut, hensiktsmessig under tilsetning as pyridine, or preferably in an aqueous alkaline solution, suitably during addition
av et organisk oppløsningsmiddel, som f. eks. metylenklorid. Fosgen ledes derpå inn i oppløsningen og samtidig tilsettes reaksjonsblandingen epiklorhydrin. Også of an organic solvent, such as e.g. methylene chloride. Phosgene is then introduced into the solution and at the same time epichlorohydrin is added to the reaction mixture. Also
herved er temperaturer mellom 20 og 70° C særlig fordelaktig. På denne måte får man i et trin særlig enhetlige lavpolymere til middels polymere polykarbonater med epoxy-endegrupper. hereby, temperatures between 20 and 70° C are particularly advantageous. In this way, particularly uniform low polymer to medium polymer polycarbonates with epoxy end groups are obtained in one step.
Blant de foran nevnte aromatiske dioxyforbindelser som er egnet til fremstilling av polykarbonatene nevnes særlig føl-gende som eksempler: hydrokinon, 2,3,5,6-tetraklorhydrokinon, resorcin, 1,4-dioxy-naftalen, 2,6-dioxynaftalin, 4,4'-dioxydifenyl, 4,4'-dioxydifenylmetan, l,l-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-etan, l,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-etan, 1,1-(4,4'-dioxydif enyl)-propan, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl) -propan, 2,2- (4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-5,5'-tetraklordifenyl)-propan, 2,2-(2,2'-dioxy-5,5'-dimetyl-dif enyl) -propan, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-butan, l,l-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-butan, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydif enyl) - pentan, 3,3-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl) -pentan, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxy-difenyl)-heptan, l,l-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-cyklopentan, l,l-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-cyklohexan, 4,4'-dioxytrifenyl-me-tan, 1,1,1-(4,4'-dioxytrifenyl)-etan, 4,4'-di-oxydifenyleter, 4,4'-dioxydifenylsulfid, 4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-dimetyl-difenyl-sulfid, 4,4'-dioxydifenyl-sulfoxyd, 4,4'-dioxydifenyl-sul-fon, 4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-dimetyl-difenyl-sulfon og 4,4'-dioxy-benzofenon. Among the aforementioned aromatic dioxy compounds which are suitable for the production of the polycarbonates, the following are particularly mentioned as examples: hydroquinone, 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorohydroquinone, resorcinol, 1,4-dioxy-naphthalene, 2,6-dioxynaphthalene, 4 ,4'-dioxydiphenyl, 4,4'-dioxydiphenylmethane, 1,1-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-ethane, 1,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-ethane, 1,1-(4, 4'-dioxydiphenyl)-propane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-propane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-5,5'-tetrachlorodiphenyl)-propane , 2,2-(2,2'-dioxy-5,5'-dimethyl-diphenyl)-propane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-butane, 1,1-(4,4' -dioxydiphenyl)-butane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-pentane, 3,3-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-pentane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxy-diphenyl )-heptane, 1,1-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-cyclopentane, 1,1-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-cyclohexane, 4,4'-dioxytriphenyl-methane, 1,1,1 -(4,4'-dioxytriphenyl)-ethane, 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl ether, 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl sulfide, 4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-dimethyl-diphenyl-sulfide, 4,4' -dioxydiphenyl-sulfoxyd, 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl-sulfone, 4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-dimethyl-diphenyl-sulfone and 4,4'-dioxy-benzophene Wed.
Alifatiske og cykloalifatiske dioxyforbindelser som eventuelt kan anvendes sam-men med ovennevnte forbindelser er f. eks. etylenglykol, dietylenglykol, trietylengly-kol, polyetylenglykol, tiodiglykol, etylendi-tiodiglykol, propandiol-1,3, butandiol-1,3, butandiol-1,4, 2-metylpropandiol-l,3, pen-tandiol-1,5, 2-etylpropandiol-l,3, hek-sandiol-1,6, oktandiol-1,8, 2-etylheksandi-ol-l,3, dekandiol-1,10, kinitol, cykloheksan-diol-1,2, o-, m- og p-xylylenglykol,2,2-(4,4'-dioxydicyklohexyl) -propan, 4,4'-dioxydi-cykloheksylmetan og 2,6-dioxydekahydro-naftalin. Aliphatic and cycloaliphatic dioxy compounds which can possibly be used together with the above-mentioned compounds are e.g. ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, thiodiglycol, ethylene dithiodiglycol, propanediol-1,3, butanediol-1,3, butanediol-1,4, 2-methylpropanediol-1,3, pentanediol-1,5, 2-ethylpropanediol-1,3, hexanediol-1,6, octanediol-1,8, 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3, decanediol-1,10, quinitol, cyclohexanediol-1,2, o- , m- and p-xylylene glycol, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydicyclohexyl)-propane, 4,4'-dioxydicyclohexylmethane and 2,6-dioxydecahydronaphthalene.
I det følgende beskrives som eksempler noen utførelsesformer for oppfinnelsen. In the following, some embodiments of the invention are described as examples.
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
En blanding av 228 g 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl-)-propan, 143 g difenylkarbonat og 20 mg av natriumsaltet av dioxydifenyl-propan oppvarmes under trinvis økning av temperaturen fra 155° til 250° C og under minskning av trykket fra 100 til 12 mm Hg, inntil 130 g fenol er avspaltet. Man får et gulaktig lavmolekylært polykarbonat med mykningspunkt på 90—95°. A mixture of 228 g of 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl-)-propane, 143 g of diphenyl carbonate and 20 mg of the sodium salt of dioxydiphenyl-propane is heated while increasing the temperature stepwise from 155° to 250° C and while decreasing the pressure from 100 to 12 mm Hg, until 130 g of phenol has been separated. A yellowish low molecular weight polycarbonate with a softening point of 90-95° is obtained.
73.5 g av dette polykarbonat oppløses i en blanding av 100 ml metylenklorid og 100 ml 2 N natronlut og omsettes med 12 g epiklorhydrin ved 40—45° C. Etter en reaksjonstid på 4 timer fraskilles det vandige skikt og det ikke vandige skikt nøytralise-res med fortynnet eddiksyre, tørres over kalsiumkarbonat og inndampes. Man får en gulaktig harpiks med mykningspunkt på 80—85°, og med et epoxydtall 1,22. Ved oppvarmning med 0,2 deler ftalsyreanhydrid til 170° C får man et uoppløselig og usmeltbart, seigt produkt. 73.5 g of this polycarbonate is dissolved in a mixture of 100 ml of methylene chloride and 100 ml of 2 N caustic soda and reacted with 12 g of epichlorohydrin at 40-45° C. After a reaction time of 4 hours, the aqueous layer is separated and the non-aqueous layer is neutralized with dilute acetic acid, dry over calcium carbonate and evaporate. A yellowish resin with a softening point of 80-85° is obtained, and with an epoxy number of 1.22. When heated with 0.2 parts of phthalic anhydride to 170° C, an insoluble and infusible, tough product is obtained.
Eksempel 2: Example 2:
En oppløsning av 57 g 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-propan i 375 ml 2 N natriumhy-droxydoppløsning tilsettes 100 ml metylenklorid og oppvarmes til 40° C. I den således erholdte blanding ledes der inn 24,75 g fosgen i løpet av li/2 time, mens der samtidig tilsettes dråpevis 18,5 g epiklorhydrin. Derpå holdes blandingen i 3 timer på en temperatur av 42° C. Det vandige skikt fraskilles så og det ikke vandige skikt fortynnes med metylenklorid, hvorpå det rystes med fortynnet eddiksyre inntil det blir svakt surt. Etter tørring over kaliumkarbonat og fordampning av oppløsnings-midlet får man en klar lys harpiks med mykningspunkt 81—85° C og epoxydtall 1,90. Når man oppvarmer harpiksen i en time til 170°C med 0,3 deler ftalsyreanhydrid får man et usmeltbart og uoppløselig produkt. A solution of 57 g of 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-propane in 375 ml of 2 N sodium hydroxide solution is added to 100 ml of methylene chloride and heated to 40° C. Into the mixture thus obtained, 24.75 g phosgene over the course of 1/2 hour, while at the same time 18.5 g of epichlorohydrin are added dropwise. The mixture is then kept for 3 hours at a temperature of 42° C. The aqueous layer is then separated and the non-aqueous layer is diluted with methylene chloride, after which it is shaken with diluted acetic acid until it becomes slightly acidic. After drying over potassium carbonate and evaporation of the solvent, a clear light resin with a softening point of 81-85° C and an epoxy number of 1.90 is obtained. When the resin is heated for one hour to 170°C with 0.3 parts of phthalic anhydride, an infusible and insoluble product is obtained.
Eksempel 3. Example 3.
En oppløsning av 57 g 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-propan i 300 ml 2 N natriumhy-droxydoppløsning oppvarmet til 40° C tilsettes 100 ml metylenklorid. I blandingen ledes der i løpet av V/ 4 time inn 14,85 g fosgen, mens der samtidig litt etter litt tilsettes 18,5 g epiklorhydrin. Etter ytterli-gere 3 timers oppvarmning til 40° C fraskilles det vandige skikt og det ikke vandige skikt fortynnes med metylenklorid og gjøres svakt surt med fortynnet eddiksyre. Metylenkloridoppløsningen tørres derpå over kaliumkarbonat og inndampes. Man får en klar lys harpiks med mykningspunkt på 77—82° C. Harpiksen har et epoxydtall på 2,06 og inneholder 14,5 pst. karbo-nat. Ved oppvarmning av harpiksen i en time med 8,3 deler ftalsyreanhydrid til 160° C får man et uoppløselig og usmeltbart produkt. A solution of 57 g of 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-propane in 300 ml of 2 N sodium hydroxide solution heated to 40° C. is added to 100 ml of methylene chloride. 14.85 g of phosgene are fed into the mixture over the course of V/4 hours, while at the same time 18.5 g of epichlorohydrin is added little by little. After a further 3 hours of heating to 40° C, the aqueous layer is separated and the non-aqueous layer is diluted with methylene chloride and made slightly acidic with dilute acetic acid. The methylene chloride solution is then dried over potassium carbonate and evaporated. You get a clear light resin with a softening point of 77-82° C. The resin has an epoxide number of 2.06 and contains 14.5 percent carbonate. By heating the resin for one hour with 8.3 parts of phthalic anhydride to 160° C, an insoluble and infusible product is obtained.
Eksempel 4. Example 4.
En oppløsning av 64 g 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-butan i 375 ml 2 N natriumhy-droxydoppløsning tilsettes 100 ml metylenklorid. I blandingen ledes der ved 40° C og i løpet av 45 minutter inn 24,75 g fosgen, mens der samtidig tilsettes dråpevis 18,5 g epiklorhydrin. Etter 3 timers reaksjonstid ved 50° C fraskilles det vandige skikt og det ikke vandige skikt gjøres svakt surt med fortynnet eddiksyre, tørres over kaliumkarbonat og inndampes. Man får et krystallinsk produkt med smeltepunkt 178—183° og epoxydtall 1,65. Dette produkt lar seg etter tilsetning av noen mg av natriumsaltet av 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-propan herde til et uoppløselig og usmeltbart hårdt produkt ved en times oppvarmning til 170° C. A solution of 64 g of 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-butane in 375 ml of 2 N sodium hydroxide solution is added to 100 ml of methylene chloride. 24.75 g of phosgene are fed into the mixture at 40° C. over 45 minutes, while at the same time 18.5 g of epichlorohydrin are added dropwise. After a reaction time of 3 hours at 50° C, the aqueous layer is separated and the non-aqueous layer is made slightly acidic with dilute acetic acid, dried over potassium carbonate and evaporated. A crystalline product with a melting point of 178-183° and an epoxide number of 1.65 is obtained. After the addition of a few mg of the sodium salt of 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-propane, this product hardens into an insoluble and infusible hard product by heating to 170° C for one hour.
Eksempel 5: Example 5:
En oppløsning av 61,5 g 4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-dimetyl-difenyl-sulfid i 375 ml 2 N na-triumhydroxydoppløsning tilsettes 100 ml metylenklorid. I den således erholdte blanding ledes der inn 24,75 g fosgen ved 40° C i løpet av 45 minutter, mens der samtidig tildryppes 18,5 g epiklorhydrin. Etter 3 timers reaksjonstid ved 60° C fraskilles det vandige skikt. Det ikke vandige skikt gjøres svakt surt med fortynnet eddiksyre, tørres over kaliumkarbonat og inndampes. Man får en gulaktig harpiks med smeltepunkt 93—99° C og epoxydtall 0,9. Etter tilsetning av noen mg av natriumsaltet av 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydifenyl)-propan lar dette produkt seg herde til et uoppløselig og usmeltbart produkt ved en times oppvarmning til 170° C. A solution of 61.5 g of 4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-dimethyl-diphenyl-sulphide in 375 ml of 2 N sodium hydroxide solution is added to 100 ml of methylene chloride. Into the mixture thus obtained, 24.75 g of phosgene are introduced at 40° C. over the course of 45 minutes, while at the same time 18.5 g of epichlorohydrin is added dropwise. After a reaction time of 3 hours at 60° C, the aqueous layer is separated. The non-aqueous layer is made slightly acidic with dilute acetic acid, dried over potassium carbonate and evaporated. A yellowish resin with a melting point of 93-99° C and an epoxide number of 0.9 is obtained. After the addition of a few mg of the sodium salt of 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-propane, this product is allowed to harden into an insoluble and infusible product by heating to 170° C for one hour.
Claims (3)
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SE38871 | 1971-01-14 | ||
SE7111247A SE365738C (en) | 1971-09-06 | 1971-09-06 | PROCEDURE AND INSTALLATION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CONCRETE PRODUCTS |
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NO134141C NO134141C (en) | 1976-08-25 |
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DK (2) | DK139745B (en) |
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HU (1) | HU174833B (en) |
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DE3048181C2 (en) * | 1980-12-19 | 1982-10-28 | Passavant-Werke AG & Co KG, 6209 Aarbergen | Device for producing compacted molded bodies made of concrete or the like. |
DK158253C (en) * | 1985-01-11 | 1990-09-10 | Weidemann & Sonner L P | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF BUILDING ELEMENTS, PARTICULAR FOR USE AS BRICK SHELLS, BY PRESSING A MIXTURE OF CEMENT, SUCCESS AND WATER AT HIGH PRESSURE AND A TEMPERATURE OVER 100ìC |
GB8527491D0 (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1985-12-11 | Bevan Assoc | Moulding of construction products |
AU2889389A (en) * | 1988-01-28 | 1989-08-03 | Trend-Set Industries International Inc. | Forming and compacting apparatus |
GB9806534D0 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1998-05-27 | Finlay Blockmaking Equipment L | Method and machine for producing concrete blocks |
RU2473420C2 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2013-01-27 | Олег Михайлович Харит | Method of making decorative concrete panels |
RU2644358C1 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-02-09 | Николай Валерьевич Денисов | Method for producing an acoustic composite panel with papercrete |
RU2672079C1 (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-11-09 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Масстар" | Composite reinforced concrete rack with soft absorption and method of manufacture thereof |
CN108145843B (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2023-05-26 | 山东城际轨道交通科技有限公司 | Production process and production line of cable groove for subway evacuation platform |
CN108748644A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-11-06 | 中交第三公路工程局有限公司 | A kind of embedded concrete small size prefabricated components automatic manufacturing device of grid-type |
CN112405780A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-26 | 中民筑友房屋科技(石首)有限公司 | Assembly type building material machining tool and using method thereof |
CN113650166A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-16 | 嘉兴创奇环保材料有限公司 | Preparation of regeneration vegetation concrete is with reinforced concrete production facility of ration |
CN115816813B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-09-26 | 江苏广谦电子有限公司 | Film pressing device for processing inner-layer circuit of PCB |
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0
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1971
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BE778086A (en) | 1972-05-02 |
GB1376994A (en) | 1974-12-11 |
PL71091B1 (en) | 1974-04-30 |
CS172361B2 (en) | 1976-12-29 |
DK139745A (en) | |
NO134141C (en) | 1976-08-25 |
DD95782A5 (en) | 1973-02-12 |
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NL7200559A (en) | 1972-07-18 |
HU174833B (en) | 1980-03-28 |
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